CN111499365B - Method for whitening weathered sandstone through acid-base combined treatment - Google Patents
Method for whitening weathered sandstone through acid-base combined treatment Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 53
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 39
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 40
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 26
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 18
- 102100035329 WD repeat and SOCS box-containing protein 2 Human genes 0.000 description 17
- 101710182039 WD repeat and SOCS box-containing protein 2 Proteins 0.000 description 17
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052661 anorthite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- GWWPLLOVYSCJIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;calcium;disilicate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GWWPLLOVYSCJIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052628 phlogopite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000192 social effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
- C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
- C04B35/19—Alkali metal aluminosilicates, e.g. spodumene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G49/06—Ferric oxide [Fe2O3]
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
- C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
- C04B35/195—Alkaline earth aluminosilicates, e.g. cordierite or anorthite
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- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for whitening weathering sandstone through acid-base combined treatment, which whitens dark brown weathering sandstone, improves the economic added value of sandstone, recovers iron element in wastewater through mixed treatment of acidic wastewater and alkaline wastewater, obtains iron oxide, reduces treatment cost and improves resource utilization rate. The method comprises the following processing contents: the weathered sandstone powder is treated by alkaline liquor and then treated by acid liquor. The sandstone powder subjected to whitening treatment by the method can be used as a ceramic raw material, a glass raw material, a filler and a decorative material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of comprehensive utilization of mineral resources, in particular to a method for acid-base combined treatment of whitened weathered sandstone.
Background
Sandstone is a common sedimentary rock formed by compression cementing and a series of geophysical actions on sand grains generated by weathering and degradation of rock millions of years ago. Because the sandstone is soft in texture, the phenomenon of weathering and cracking is easy to occur in a natural environment, so that the mechanical property and the structure of the sandstone are seriously deteriorated, and the sandstone is further crushed and blocky and is difficult to utilize and process. It is worth noting that weathered cracked sandstone is often exposed on the ground and washed by rainwater, resulting in poor soil, severe water and soil loss, and easily becoming a pollutant source of large wind and dust. Meanwhile, sandstone fragments formed over the years are loosely accumulated on the ground surface, so that geological disasters such as landslide, debris flow and the like are easily caused, and great harm is caused. To address such problems, it is common to stabilize the sand fragments using vegetation root fixation or cement curing. The method for fixing the vegetation root system has low cost, but slow effect, and meanwhile, sandstone accumulation areas have few nutrient components, poor water retention and difficult vegetation growth. The curing method using the cement is quick in effect, high in cost and brings new environmental problems. None of these methods can fundamentally solve the problems associated with open-air accumulation of weathered sandstone.
If the weathered sandstone fragments can be recycled, the weathered sandstone fragments can be consumed and treated, certain economic benefit can be brought, and the treatment cost is effectively reduced. The method is an ideal solution, and can fundamentally solve the problem of waste accumulation of the weathered sandstone. For the resource utilization of the weathering sandstone, not only price but also quantity need to be considered. The main mineral components of sandstone are quartz and feldspar, and quartz and feldspar are the raw materials with larger demand in the ceramic industry. Therefore, attempts have been made to process weathered sandstone into powder and apply it as a ceramic material. Therefore, the weathered sandstone can be consumed in a large amount, and the economic effect and the social effect are high.
However, the weathered sandstone generally presents dark brown, so that only architectural ceramics and daily ceramics with low requirements on color can be prepared, and certain limitation is generated on resource utilization of weathered sandstone fragments, so iron removal and whitening of the weathered sandstone are urgently needed to improve the economic value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for whitening weathered sandstone through acid-base combined treatment, and the inventor researches show that the weathered sandstone is dark brown due to high iron content; for the reasons, the invention designs the following technical scheme:
a method for whitening weathered sandstone through acid-base combined treatment comprises the following treatment contents: the weathered sandstone powder is treated by alkaline liquor and then treated by acid liquor.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing: crushing weathered sandstone to be less than 100 meshes to obtain sandstone powder;
(2) alkaline leaching: mixing sandstone powder and alkali liquor in proportion, heating and stirring, washing and filtering to obtain alkaline filter residue and alkaline filtrate; the heating temperature is 60-80 ℃, and preferably 80 ℃; the heating time is 4h, and the stirring speed is 100 r/min;
(3) acid leaching: mixing the alkaline filter residue and the acid liquor in proportion, heating and stirring, washing and filtering to obtain acidic filter residue and acidic filtrate; the heating temperature is 60-80 ℃, and preferably 80 ℃; the heating time is 4h, and the stirring speed is 100 r/min;
(4) and (3) drying: drying the acidic filter residue, and pulverizing to obtain the final product.
The method adopts a special treatment mode of alkali first and acid second, because part of SiO in the sandstone is under the action of thermokalite2And Al2O3Can be dissolved, the skeleton structure of the surface layer of the mineral is partially destroyed, and partial phase is converted from a crystalline phase to an amorphous phase. Meanwhile, due to the dissolving action, pores among mineral particles are broken through, and the leaching probability of Fe in the later acid leaching process is increased. Compared with the single use of acid leaching or alkali leaching, the alkali-first and acid-second treatment mode can obviously improve the whitening effect of the powder.
In order to improve the whitening effect and the economic benefit of the weathered sandstone, the invention provides the following preferable schemes:
the alkaline solution in the step (2) is prepared by one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or sodium carbonate and water; the alkali liquor is preferably 1-20% sodium hydroxide solution, and more preferably 10% sodium hydroxide solution.
The proportion of the sandstone powder and the alkali liquor in the step (2) is 10-30: 80-120, and the preferable proportion is 20: 100.
The acid solution in the step (3) is prepared by one or more of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid or oxalic acid and water; the acid solution is preferably a mixed solution containing phosphoric acid and oxalic acid, and more preferably a mixed solution containing 5-15% of phosphoric acid and 0.1-0.5% of oxalic acid; most preferably a mixed solution containing 10% phosphoric acid and 0.2% oxalic acid.
The proportion of the sandstone powder and the acid liquor in the step (3) is 15-25:90-110, and the preferable proportion is 20: 100.
In order to reduce the treatment cost and save chemical reagents such as acid and alkali, a certain amount of alkali is added into the alkaline filtrate in the step 2 and then the filtrate can be used as an alkaline solution again, and a certain amount of acid is added into the acidic filtrate and then the filtrate can be used as an acid solution again. In order to recover iron element in the wastewater, the alkaline filtrate recycled in step 2 and the acidic filtrate recycled in step 3 can be mixed, the pH value is adjusted to 8, and the ferric oxide is obtained by filtering, precipitating, drying and calcining.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the whitening treatment is carried out on the dark brown weathered sandstone, the economic added value of the sandstone is improved, and a way for solving the problem of waste accumulation of the weathered sandstone is provided;
(2) the invention respectively recycles the acidic filtrate and the alkaline filtrate, can reduce the treatment cost, reduce the environmental pollution and reduce the environmental burden;
(3) the acid wastewater and the alkaline wastewater are mixed for treatment, and the iron element in the wastewater is recovered to obtain the iron oxide, so that the wastewater treatment cost is reduced, and the resource utilization rate is improved.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples in order to provide a better understanding of the invention.
Example 1
A method for whitening weathered sandstone through acid-base combined treatment comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing: pulverizing weathered sandstone (dark brown produced in mountain camp area of Cui screen area of Yibin city, Sichuan province) to below 100 mesh to obtain sandstone powder;
(2) alkaline leaching: mixing 100g of sandstone powder and 500mL of 10% NaOH solution, heating and stirring at 80 ℃ for 4 hours, washing and filtering to obtain alkaline filter residue and alkaline filtrate;
(3) acid leaching: mixing alkaline filter residue with 500mL of 10% H2SO4Mixing the solutions, heating and stirring at 80 ℃ for 4h, washing and filtering to obtain acidic filter residues and acidic filtrate;
(4) and (3) drying: and drying and powdering the acidic filter residue to obtain the whitened sandstone powder.
The phase of the weathered sandstone is tested by a Mini Flex 600X-ray diffractometer (Japan science company), and the weathered sandstone mainly contains five crystal phases which are anorthite, quartz, albite, phlogopite and clinochlore through analysis. The whiteness value of the blue R457 light of the weathered sandstone powder prepared by using a WSB-2 type whiteness meter (Hunan instruments science and technology Co., Ltd.) is measured to be 19.2.
The phases of the whitened sandstone powder were tested by a Mini Flex 600X-ray diffractometer (Japan science), and the main crystalline phases were anorthite, quartz and albite by analysis. The whiteness value of the white sandstone powder prepared by the method of R457 blue light whiteness measurement by a WSB-2 type whiteness meter (Hunan instruments science and technology Co., Ltd.) is 45.2.
And tabletting the weathered sandstone powder under the pressure of 20MPa, sintering at 1075 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5h, heating at the rate of 10 ℃/min, and cooling along with a furnace to obtain the brown sandstone ceramic. The whiteness value of the blue R457 of the prepared brown sandstone ceramic is measured by a WSB-2 type whiteness meter (Hunan force instruments science and technology Co., Ltd.), and is 11.8.
And tabletting the whitened sandstone powder under the pressure of 20MPa, sintering at 1075 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5 hours, heating at the rate of 10 ℃/min, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the white sandstone ceramic. The white sandstone ceramic prepared by the WSB-2 type whiteness meter (Hunan force instruments science and technology Co., Ltd.) is tested for R457 blue light whiteness, and the whiteness value is measured to be 50.7.
The alkaline filtrate contains a large amount of unreacted NaOH, and can be reused as alkaline solution after a certain amount of NaOH is added. The acidic filtrate contains a large amount of unreacted H2SO4Optionally adding a certain amount of concentrated H2SO4And then the acid liquor is reused as the acid liquor. And mixing the alkaline filtrate and the acidic filtrate which are recycled for 3-4 times, adjusting the pH value to 8, filtering and precipitating, drying at 105 ℃ for 4h, and calcining at 900 ℃ for 1h to obtain red iron oxide powder.
Example 2
A method for whitening weathered sandstone through acid-base combined treatment comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing: pulverizing weathered sandstone (dark brown produced in mountain camp area of Cui screen area of Yibin city, Sichuan province) to below 100 mesh to obtain sandstone powder;
(2) alkaline leaching: mixing 100g of sandstone powder and 500mL of 10% KOH solution, heating and stirring at 80 ℃ for 4 hours, washing and filtering to obtain alkaline filter residue and alkaline filtrate;
(3) acid leaching: mixing alkaline filter residue with 500mL of 10% H2SO4Mixing the solutions, heating and stirring at 80 ℃ for 4h, washing and filtering to obtain acidic filter residues and acidic filtrate;
(4) and (3) drying: drying and powdering the acidic filter residue to obtain whitened sandstone powder;
the whiteness value of the white sandstone powder prepared by the method of R457 blue light whiteness measurement by a WSB-2 type whiteness meter (Hunan instruments science and technology Co., Ltd.) is 48.5.
And tabletting the whitened sandstone powder under the pressure of 20MPa, sintering at 1075 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5 hours, heating at the rate of 10 ℃/min, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the white sandstone ceramic. The white sandstone ceramic prepared by using a WSB-2 type whiteness meter (Hunan force instruments science and technology Co., Ltd.) is tested to have R457 blue light whiteness, and the whiteness value is measured to be 52.3.
The alkaline filtrate contains a large amount of KOH which does not participate in the reaction, and can be used as alkaline liquor again after a certain amount of KOH is added. The acidic filtrate contains a large amount of unreacted H2SO4Optionally adding a certain amount of concentrated H2SO4And then the acid liquor is reused as the acid liquor. And mixing the alkaline filtrate and the acidic filtrate which are recycled for 3-4 times, adjusting the pH value to 8, filtering and precipitating, drying at 105 ℃ for 4 hours, and calcining at 900 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain red iron oxide powder.
Example 3
A method for whitening weathered sandstone through acid-base combined treatment comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing: pulverizing weathered sandstone (dark brown produced in mountain camp area of Cui screen area of Yibin city, Sichuan province) to below 100 mesh to obtain sandstone powder;
(2) alkaline leaching: mixing 100g of sandstone powder and 500mL of 10% NaOH solution, heating and stirring at 80 ℃ for 4 hours, washing and filtering to obtain alkaline filter residue and alkaline filtrate;
(3) acid leaching: mixing alkaline filter residue with 500mL of 10% H3PO4Mixing the solutions, heating and stirring at 80 ℃ for 4h, washing and filtering to obtain acidic filter residues and acidic filtrate;
(4) and (3) drying: drying and powdering the acidic filter residue to obtain whitened sandstone powder;
the whiteness value of the white sandstone powder prepared by the method of R457 blue light whiteness measurement by a WSB-2 type whiteness meter (Hunan instruments science and technology Co., Ltd.) is 50.3.
And tabletting the whitened sandstone powder under the pressure of 20MPa, sintering at 1075 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5 hours, heating at the rate of 10 ℃/min, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the white sandstone ceramic. The white sandstone ceramic prepared by using a WSB-2 type whiteness meter (Hunan force instruments science and technology Co., Ltd.) has the R457 blue light whiteness value of 51.5.
The alkaline filtrate contains a large amount of unreacted NaOH, and can be reused as alkaline solution after a certain amount of NaOH is added. The acidic filtrate contains a large amount of unreacted H3PO4Optionally adding a certain amount of concentrated H3PO4And then the acid liquor is reused as the acid liquor. And mixing the alkaline filtrate and the acidic filtrate which are recycled for 3-4 times, adjusting the pH value to 8, filtering and precipitating, drying at 105 ℃ for 4 hours, and calcining at 900 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain red iron oxide powder.
Example 4
A method for whitening weathered sandstone through acid-base combined treatment comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing: pulverizing weathered sandstone (dark brown produced in mountain camp area of Cui screen area of Yibin city, Sichuan province) to below 100 mesh to obtain sandstone powder;
(2) alkaline leaching: mixing 100g of sandstone powder and 500mL of 10% NaOH solution, heating and stirring at 80 ℃ for 4 hours, washing and filtering to obtain alkaline filter residue and alkaline filtrate;
(3) acid leaching: mixing alkaline filter residue with 500mL of 10% H3PO4Mixing with 0.2% oxalic acid, heating at 80 deg.C and stirring for 4 hr, washing, and filtering to obtain acidic filter residue and acidic filtrate；
(4) And (3) drying: drying and powdering the acidic filter residue to obtain whitened sandstone powder;
the whiteness value of the white sandstone powder prepared by the method of R457 blue light whiteness measurement by a WSB-2 type whiteness meter (Hunan instruments science and technology Co., Ltd.) is 65.7.
And tabletting the whitened sandstone powder under the pressure of 20MPa, sintering at 1075 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5 hours, heating at the rate of 10 ℃/min, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the white sandstone ceramic. The white sandstone ceramic prepared by the WSB-2 type whiteness meter (Hunan force instruments science and technology Co., Ltd.) is tested for R457 blue light whiteness, and the whiteness value is measured to be 66.2.
The alkaline filtrate contains a large amount of unreacted NaOH, and can be reused as alkaline solution after a certain amount of NaOH is added. The acidic filtrate contains a large amount of unreacted H3PO4And oxalic acid, optionally adding a certain amount of concentrated H3PO4And oxalic acid, and then the acid solution is reused as the acid solution. And mixing the alkaline filtrate and the acidic filtrate which are recycled for 3-4 times, adjusting the pH value to 8, filtering and precipitating, drying at 105 ℃ for 4 hours, and calcining at 900 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain red iron oxide powder.
Example 5
A method for whitening weathered sandstone through acid-base combined treatment comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing: pulverizing weathered sandstone (dark brown produced in mountain camp area of Cui screen area of Yibin city, Sichuan province) to below 100 mesh to obtain sandstone powder;
(2) alkaline leaching: mixing 100g of sandstone powder and 500mL of 10% NaOH solution, heating and stirring at 70 ℃ for 4 hours, washing and filtering to obtain alkaline filter residue and alkaline filtrate;
(3) acid leaching: mixing alkaline filter residue with 500mL of 10% H3PO4Mixing with 0.2% oxalic acid mixed solution, heating and stirring at 70 deg.C for 4 hr, washing, and filtering to obtain acidic filter residue and acidic filtrate;
(4) and (3) drying: drying and powdering the acidic filter residue to obtain whitened sandstone powder;
the whiteness value of the white sandstone powder prepared by the method of R457 blue light whiteness measurement by a WSB-2 type whiteness meter (Hunan instruments science and technology Co., Ltd.) is 35.3.
And tabletting the whitened sandstone powder under the pressure of 20MPa, sintering at 1075 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5 hours, heating at the rate of 10 ℃/min, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the white sandstone ceramic. The white sandstone ceramic prepared by using a WSB-2 type whiteness meter (Hunan force instruments science and technology Co., Ltd.) is tested to have R457 blue light whiteness, and the whiteness value is measured to be 36.6.
Example 6
A method for whitening weathered sandstone through acid-base combined treatment comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing: pulverizing weathered sandstone (dark brown produced in mountain camp area of Cui screen area of Yibin city, Sichuan province) to below 100 mesh to obtain sandstone powder;
(2) alkaline leaching: mixing 100g of sandstone powder and 500mL of 10% NaOH solution, heating and stirring at 60 ℃ for 4 hours, washing and filtering to obtain alkaline filter residue and alkaline filtrate;
(3) acid leaching: mixing alkaline filter residue with 500mL of 10% H3PO4Mixing with 0.2% oxalic acid mixed solution, heating and stirring at 60 deg.C for 4 hr, washing, and filtering to obtain acidic filter residue and acidic filtrate;
(4) and (3) drying: drying and powdering the acidic filter residue to obtain whitened sandstone powder;
the whiteness value of the white sandstone powder prepared by the method of R457 blue light whiteness measurement by a WSB-2 type whiteness meter (Hunan instruments science and technology Co., Ltd.) is 32.4.
And tabletting the whitened sandstone powder under the pressure of 20MPa, sintering at 1075 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5 hours, heating at the rate of 10 ℃/min, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the white sandstone ceramic. The white sandstone ceramic prepared by a WSB-2 type whiteness meter (Hunan Lichen Instrument science and technology Co., Ltd.) is tested to have R457 blue whiteness, and the whiteness value is measured to be 32.1.
Comparative example 1
(1) Crushing: pulverizing weathered sandstone (dark brown produced in mountain camp area of Cui screen area of Yibin city, Sichuan province) to below 100 mesh to obtain sandstone powder;
(2) acid leaching: the sandstone powder is soaked in 500mL of 10% H2SO4The solution is prepared by mixing a solvent and a solvent,heating and stirring for 4h at 80 ℃, washing and filtering to obtain acidic filter residue and acidic filtrate;
(3) and (3) drying: and drying and powdering the acidic filter residue to obtain the whitened sandstone powder.
The phase of the weathered sandstone is tested by a Mini Flex 600X-ray diffractometer (Japan science company), and the weathered sandstone mainly contains five crystal phases which are anorthite, quartz, albite, phlogopite and clinochlore through analysis. The whiteness value of the blue R457 light of the weathered sandstone powder prepared by using a WSB-2 type whiteness meter (Hunan instruments science and technology Co., Ltd.) is measured to be 19.2.
The whiteness value of the white sandstone powder prepared by the method of R457 blue light whiteness measurement by a WSB-2 type whiteness meter (Hunan instruments science and technology Co., Ltd.) is 27.
Comparative example 2
(1) Crushing: pulverizing weathered sandstone (dark brown produced in mountain camp area of Cui screen area of Yibin city, Sichuan province) to below 100 mesh to obtain sandstone powder;
(2) acid leaching: the sandstone powder is soaked in 500mL of 10% H3PO4Mixing the solutions, heating and stirring at 80 ℃ for 4h, washing and filtering to obtain acidic filter residues and acidic filtrate;
(3) and (3) drying: drying and powdering the acidic filter residue to obtain whitened sandstone powder;
the whiteness value of the white sandstone powder prepared by the method of R457 blue light whiteness measurement by a WSB-2 type whiteness meter (Hunan Lechen instrument science and technology Co., Ltd.) is 31.7.
The invention adopts alkali treatment independently at the same time, but the whiteness of the final powder is not changed, so that the invention is not explained more than once.
In addition, because the whiteness of the sandstone powder prepared in the comparative example 1-2 is too low, the preparation of ceramics by tabletting and sintering is not carried out any more.
The present invention has been described in terms of specific embodiments, and various modifications and equivalent arrangements can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The method for whitening weathered sandstone through acid-base combined treatment is characterized by comprising the following treatment contents: treating weathered sandstone powder with alkaline solution and then with acid solution; heating temperature is 60-80 ℃ during alkali liquor treatment and acid liquor treatment; the acid solution is a mixed solution containing phosphoric acid and oxalic acid, wherein the content of the phosphoric acid is 5-15%, and the content of the oxalic acid is 0.1-0.5%.
2. The method for acid-base combined treatment of whitened weathered sandstone according to claim 1, wherein the base solution is prepared from one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or sodium carbonate and water.
3. The method for the acid-base combined treatment of whitening weathering sandstone according to claim 2, wherein the alkali solution is 1-20% sodium hydroxide solution.
4. The method for the acid-base combined treatment of whitening weathering sandstone according to claim 3, wherein the alkali solution is 10% sodium hydroxide solution.
5. The method for treating and whitening weathered sandstone in combination of acid and alkali according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the sandstone powder to the alkali solution is 10-30: 80-120.
6. The method for the acid-base combined treatment of whitening weathering sandstone according to claim 5, wherein the ratio of the sandstone powder to the lye is 20: 100.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the acid solution is a mixed solution containing 10% phosphoric acid and 0.2% oxalic acid.
8. The method for treating and whitening weathered sandstone in combination of acid and alkali according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the sandstone powder to the acid solution is 15-25: 90-110.
9. The method for acid-base combined treatment of whitening weathering sandstone according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the sandstone powder to the acid solution is 20: 100.
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| CN101940975A (en) * | 2010-09-03 | 2011-01-12 | 成都理工大学 | Technology for purifying pyrite type quartz sandstones through floatation and iron removal |
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