CN111499199A - Inorganic hydrophobic and dustproof composite antifouling glaze for porcelain insulator in coastal salt fog area and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Inorganic hydrophobic and dustproof composite antifouling glaze for porcelain insulator in coastal salt fog area and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
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- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
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Abstract
The invention relates to an inorganic hydrophobic and dustproof composite antifouling glaze for a porcelain insulator in a coastal salt fog area, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of glazes for insulators. In the invention, the inorganic hydrophobic glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.8-2.3% of nano alumina sol, 7.5-9.5% of silica sol, 2.3-3.8% of I-type silane, 1.5-2.1% of II-type silane, 1.5-4.5% of acid and 78-85% of alcohol; the inorganic dustproof glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 1.35-2.67% of water, 0.70-1.21% of phosphoric acid, 0.45-0.99% of nitric acid, 4.5-7.5% of silica sol and 87-93% of propanol. The formula design of the invention is simple and scientific, and the composite glaze material has excellent wear resistance, hydrophobicity and dust resistance; the invention also provides a simple and feasible preparation method and application, and is beneficial to industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an inorganic hydrophobic and dustproof composite antifouling glaze for a porcelain insulator in a coastal salt fog area, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of glazes for insulators.
Background
The insulator in the high-voltage transmission line is designed according to the minimum current discharge under normal conditions. However, when the outer surface of the insulator is contaminated during weathering, leakage currents may develop along the surface of the insulator. The amount of leakage current depends on the voltage stress and the conductivity of the contaminant film on the insulator surface. The developed surface energy formed by the contaminants may even lead to flashover of the insulator. Arcing on the surface of the insulator can lead to the formation of free carbon and non-volatile semiconductors and may even lead to the formation of conductive lines across the surface of the insulator, effectively shortening the insulator conduction path, leading to the occurrence of flashovers. Therefore, the outer surface of the electrical insulator is the most important part in terms of voltage stress, leakage current and weather resistance.
China has wide regions and large climate difference, and the insulator is exposed to pollutants in the environment from different ways. Salt entrained by sea wind or wind-blown salt-containing solid matter such as dust can deposit on the surface of the insulator. Contaminants are of particular concern during high humidity and fog weather where they are conducive.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an inorganic hydrophobic and dustproof composite antifouling glaze for porcelain insulators in coastal salt fog areas, the formula design of the inorganic hydrophobic and dustproof composite antifouling glaze is simple and scientific, and the composite glaze not only has the advantages of salt fog resistance, ageing resistance, scouring resistance, good weather resistance and the like, but also has excellent wear resistance, hydrophobicity and dustproof performance; the invention also provides a simple and feasible preparation method and application, and is beneficial to industrial production.
The invention relates to an inorganic hydrophobic and dustproof composite antifouling glaze for a porcelain insulator in a coastal salt fog area, which comprises an inorganic hydrophobic glaze and an inorganic dustproof glaze, wherein:
the inorganic hydrophobic glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.8-2.3% of nano alumina sol, 7.5-9.5% of silica sol, 2.3-3.8% of I-type silane, 1.5-2.1% of II-type silane, 1.5-4.5% of acid and 78-85% of alcohol;
the inorganic dustproof glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 1.35-2.67% of water, 0.70-1.21% of phosphoric acid, 0.45-0.99% of nitric acid, 4.5-7.5% of silica sol and 87-93% of propanol.
The particle size of the nano alumina sol is required to be 8-15 nm, and the pH value at 25 ℃ is required to be 2.0-4.0. The nano alumina sol is used as one of the matrixes, so that a good bonding layer is formed between the coating and the substrate, the wear resistance of the coating is improved, and the service life of the coating is prolonged.
The granularity of the silica sol is required to be 10-20 nm and 25-35 nm, and the pH value at 25 ℃ is required to be 2.0-4.0. The silica sol is used as one of the matrixes, has good compatibility with silane, and realizes the modification of the ceramic surface.
Preferably, the I-type silane is one or two of tetraethoxysilane or methyltriethoxysilane. The I-type silane is used as a silicon source, the crosslinking degree is low, the formed island-shaped or chain-shaped object is well dispersed in the solution and cannot be excessively polymerized into gel or precipitate, and the nano alumina sol and the silica sol matrix can be better coated in a network shape when a coating is formed.
Preferably, the II silane is one or two of methyltrimethoxysilane or polydimethylsiloxane. Introducing II-type silane for grafting modification, and aiming at adjusting the microstructure of the sol-gel so as to control the surface roughness of the coating.
Preferably, the acid is acetic acid or propionic acid. The acid is used to adjust the pH of the solution and also as a catalyst to promote hydrolysis and condensation of the silanes to form the polymer.
Preferably, the alcohol is methanol, ethanol, propanol or isopropanol. Alcohols are used as solvents, mainly for the preparation of transparent solutions and coatings.
The preparation method of the inorganic hydrophobic and dustproof composite antifouling glaze for the porcelain insulator in the coastal salt fog area comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, stirring nano alumina sol and silica sol for 8-15min, adding acid and stirring for 10-20min after stirring, adding I-class silane into the stirred solution, stirring for 10-15min, adding alcohol and stirring for 10-16h, finally adding II-class silane and stirring for 60-80 min, sealing the uniformly stirred solution, standing and ageing to prepare an inorganic hydrophobic glaze;
(2) firstly stirring water, phosphoric acid, nitric acid and silica sol for 30-58min, then adding propanol into the stirred solution, stirring for 15-30h, finally sealing the uniformly stirred solution and standing for later use to prepare the inorganic dustproof glaze.
In the step (1), a stirrer used in stirring is a magnetic stirrer, and the rotating speed of the stirrer is 800-1200 r/min; aging for 1-5 days.
When the inorganic hydrophobic glaze and the inorganic dustproof glaze are prepared, the stirring temperature is room normal temperature, the stirring temperature is not more than 38 ℃, excessive polymerization is caused by overhigh temperature, and the design effect is lost.
In the preparation process, the addition sequence of the raw materials is changed, and the phenomena generated in the solution preparation process and the final effect are different. The glaze meeting the hydrophobic and dustproof requirements of the porcelain insulator can be prepared only according to the steps.
The application of the inorganic hydrophobic and dustproof composite antifouling glaze for the porcelain insulator in the coastal salt fog area comprises the following steps:
(1) scrubbing the surface of the insulator with clear water, removing attachments on the surface of the insulator, and drying;
(2) dissolving organic matters on the surface of the dried porcelain insulator by using an isopropyl alcohol or ethanol solution;
(3) fixing one end of the treated insulating ceramic piece on the rack, and pressing a switch to keep the insulating ceramic piece in a horizontal state;
(4) respectively pouring inorganic dustproof glaze and inorganic hydrophobic glaze into a container with a cart, and keeping the solution sealed before dip-coating;
(5) pushing a cart filled with inorganic dustproof glaze below the porcelain piece, lifting the cart to enable the root of the porcelain piece to be soaked in the solution, setting the rotation speed, starting a rotation button, and dip-coating the inorganic dustproof glaze;
(6) after the inorganic dustproof glaze is dip-coated in place, reducing the height of the cart, keeping the porcelain piece in a rotating state until the surface glaze is leveled, and removing the inorganic dustproof glaze cart;
(7) continuously keeping the ceramic piece with the leveled surface in a rotating state, and baking for 8-12 min by using an infrared lamp at 100 ℃;
(8) after the porcelain piece is dried for 10-15min, pushing a cart filled with inorganic hydrophobic glaze below the porcelain piece, lifting the cart to enable the root of the porcelain piece to be soaked in the solution, setting the rotation speed, starting a rotation button, and dip-coating the inorganic hydrophobic glaze;
(9) after the inorganic hydrophobic glaze is dip-coated in place, the height of the cart is reduced, the porcelain piece is kept in a rotating state until the surface glaze is leveled, and the inorganic hydrophobic glaze cart is removed;
(10) naturally drying the surface of the insulator or performing infrared drying, and then putting the insulator into a high-temperature hardening furnace for hardening.
And detecting the surface of the hardened coating insulator, packaging the coating insulator qualified by detection, and entering the next procedure according to the production flow of the insulator.
In the invention, the surface of the composite coating is of a bionic micro-nano dual structure, because of the inorganic hydrophobic effect of the upper coating, water drops and pollutant particles are more inclined to stay at the top of a rough surface and are not basically immersed in grooves between the rough structures, the water drops appear in the form of discontinuous water drops after falling on the surface, and pollutants such as dust and the like can be washed away by rainwater or entrained by wind power or blown away by some pollutants; meanwhile, the used inorganic dustproof glaze is a reticular and porous dustproof structure, and can be condensed among networks of the porous membrane through moisture in the air, so that water-soluble components such as sea salt and the like immersed in the coarse structure are dissolved and removed, and the whole coating has the performances of hydrophobicity, dust prevention and salt mist prevention.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the formula is simple and feasible, the prepared coating is inorganic high-temperature hardening glaze, and the coating has the advantages of salt spray resistance, aging resistance, scouring resistance, weather resistance and the like, and the bonding force between the coating and the porcelain insulator is higher and the wear resistance is stronger due to the introduction of the nano alumina sol;
(2) the surface of the obtained coating is of a bionic micro-nano dual structure, water drops and pollutant particles are more inclined to stay at the top of the rough surface and are basically not immersed in grooves among the rough structures, and a part of pollutants can be carried away by utilizing the hydrophobic property of the coating through the flushing of rainwater and the like; meanwhile, the bottom surface of the coating is of a reticular porous dustproof structure, and can be condensed among networks of the porous membrane through moisture in the air, so that water-soluble components such as sea salt and the like immersed in the coarse structure are dissolved and removed, and the whole coating has hydrophobic and dustproof performances;
(3) the preparation method is simple and easy, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly;
(4) the inorganic hydrophobic and dustproof composite glaze for the porcelain insulator in the coastal salt fog area can solve the pollution resistance problem of the porcelain insulator in the coastal area, can be used in the industrial fields of buildings, glass curtain walls and the like in the coastal area, and has wide market prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the hydrophobic effect of a porcelain insulator using composite glaze;
fig. 2 is a diagram showing the effect of spreading kaolin powder on the surface of a porcelain insulator with composite glaze and continuously spraying water thereon.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the practice of the invention.
The inorganic dustproof glaze adopts the following formula and process:
the raw materials were first prepared according to the following formulation. Weighing water, phosphoric acid, nitric acid and silica sol according to weight percentage, and stirring for 58min on a magnetic stirrer; observing the uniformity of the solution, adding propanol according to the proportion after no obvious precipitate or suspended matter exists, and magnetically stirring for 15 hours; sealing the uniformly stirred solution and standing for later use.
The glaze formulation is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Example 1
(1) Preparation of inorganic hydrophobic antifouling glaze solution
The raw materials were first prepared according to the following formulation. Respectively weighing nano alumina sol and silica sol according to the weight percentage, stirring for 10min, adding propionic acid, stirring for 12min, respectively adding tetraethoxysilane and methyltriethoxysilane into the stirred solution, stirring for 12min, adding isopropanol, stirring for 12h, finally respectively adding methyltrimethoxysilane and polydimethylsiloxane, stirring for 70min, sealing the uniformly stirred solution, standing and ageing for 2 days.
The glaze formulation is shown in table 2.
Table 2 example 1 formulation of inorganic hydrophobic anti-fouling glaze
(2) Preparation of coated insulator
Scrubbing the surface of the insulator with clear water, removing attachments on the surface of the insulator, and drying; dissolving organic matters on the surface of the dried porcelain insulator by using an isopropyl alcohol or ethanol solution; fixing one end of the treated insulating ceramic piece on the rack, and pressing a switch to keep the insulating ceramic piece in a horizontal state; pushing a cart filled with dustproof glaze below the porcelain piece, lifting the cart to enable the root of the porcelain piece to be soaked in the solution, setting the rotation speed to be 3r/min, starting a rotary button, and dip-coating the dustproof glaze; after dip-coating for 1min, reducing the height of the cart, keeping the porcelain in a rotating state until the surface glaze is leveled, and removing the dustproof glaze cart; continuously maintaining the rotation state of the ceramic piece with the leveled surface, and baking for 10min by using an infrared lamp at 100 ℃; after the porcelain piece is dried for 10min, a cart filled with hydrophobic glaze is pushed to the lower part of the porcelain piece, the cart is lifted to enable the root of the porcelain piece to be soaked in the solution, the rotating speed is set to be 2r/min, a rotating button is started, and the hydrophobic glaze is dip-coated; after dip-coating for 1min, reducing the height of the cart, keeping the porcelain in a rotating state until the surface glaze is leveled, and removing the hydrophobic glaze cart; naturally drying the surface of the insulator, and then putting the insulator into a high-temperature hardening furnace for hardening treatment; and detecting the surface of the hardened coating insulator, packaging the coating insulator qualified by detection, and entering the next procedure according to the production flow of the insulator.
(3) Testing the effects
The surface hydrophobicity of the porcelain insulator is tested by adopting a water spraying grading method, the hydrophobicity grade is HC 1-HC 3 grade, and the porcelain insulator has better hydrophobicity.
And (3) testing the surface wear resistance of the porcelain insulator, referring to GB/T1768 and 2006, and adopting a rotary rubber grinding wheel method, wherein the test result is 0.03-0.08 mg.
Example 2
(1) Preparation of inorganic hydrophobic antifouling glaze solution
The raw materials were first prepared according to the following formulation. Respectively weighing nano alumina sol and silica sol according to the weight percentage, stirring for 12min, adding acetic acid, stirring for 15min, adding tetraethoxysilane into the stirred solution, stirring for 10min, adding propanol, stirring for 14h, finally adding methyltrimethoxysilane, stirring for 60min, sealing the uniformly stirred solution, standing and ageing for 3 days.
The glaze formulation is shown in table 3.
Table 3 example 2 inorganic hydrophobic antifouling glaze formulation
(2) Preparation of coated insulator
Scrubbing the surface of the insulator with clear water, removing attachments on the surface of the insulator, and drying; dissolving organic matters on the surface of the dried porcelain insulator by using an isopropyl alcohol or ethanol solution; fixing one end of the treated insulating ceramic piece on the rack, and pressing a switch to keep the insulating ceramic piece in a horizontal state; pushing a cart filled with dustproof glaze below the porcelain piece, lifting the cart to enable the root of the porcelain piece to be soaked in the solution, setting the rotation speed to be 3r/min, starting a rotary button, and dip-coating the dustproof glaze; after dip-coating for 50s, reducing the height of the cart, keeping the porcelain in a rotating state until the surface glaze is leveled, and removing the dustproof glaze cart; continuously maintaining the rotation state of the ceramic piece with the leveled surface, and baking for 8min by using an infrared lamp at 100 ℃; after the porcelain piece is dried for 12min, pushing a cart filled with hydrophobic glaze below the porcelain piece, lifting the cart to enable the root of the porcelain piece to be soaked in the solution, setting the rotation speed to be 3r/min, starting a rotary button, and dip-coating the hydrophobic glaze; after dip-coating for 1min, reducing the height of the cart, keeping the porcelain in a rotating state until the surface glaze is leveled, and removing the hydrophobic glaze cart; naturally drying the surface of the insulator, and then putting the insulator into a high-temperature hardening furnace for hardening treatment; and detecting the surface of the hardened coating insulator, packaging the coating insulator qualified by detection, and entering the next procedure according to the production flow of the insulator.
(3) Testing the effects
The surface hydrophobicity of the porcelain insulator is tested by adopting a water spraying grading method, the hydrophobicity grade is HC 1-HC 3 grade, and the porcelain insulator has better hydrophobicity.
And (3) testing the surface wear resistance of the porcelain insulator, referring to GB/T1768 and 2006, and adopting a rotary rubber grinding wheel method, wherein the test result is 0.03-0.08 mg.
Example 3
(1) Preparation of inorganic hydrophobic antifouling glaze solution
The raw materials were first prepared according to the following formulation. Respectively weighing nano alumina sol and silica sol according to the weight percentage, stirring for 15min, adding acetic acid, stirring for 20min, adding methyl triethoxysilane into the stirred solution, stirring for 10min, adding methanol, stirring for 16h, finally adding polydimethylsiloxane, stirring for 75min, sealing the uniformly stirred solution, standing and ageing for 5 days.
The glaze formulation is shown in table 4.
Table 4 example 3 inorganic hydrophobic antifouling glaze formulation
(2) Preparation of coated insulator
Scrubbing the surface of the insulator with clear water, removing attachments on the surface of the insulator, and drying; dissolving organic matters on the surface of the dried porcelain insulator by using an isopropyl alcohol or ethanol solution; fixing one end of the treated insulating ceramic piece on the rack, and pressing a switch to keep the insulating ceramic piece in a horizontal state; pushing a cart filled with dustproof glaze below the porcelain piece, lifting the cart to enable the root of the porcelain piece to be soaked in the solution, setting the rotation speed to be 5r/min, starting a rotary button, and dip-coating the dustproof glaze; after dip-coating for 50s, reducing the height of the cart, keeping the porcelain in a rotating state until the surface glaze is leveled, and removing the dustproof glaze cart; continuously maintaining the rotation state of the ceramic piece with the leveled surface, and baking for 12min by using an infrared lamp at 100 ℃; after the porcelain piece is baked for 15min, pushing a cart filled with hydrophobic glaze below the porcelain piece, lifting the cart to enable the root of the porcelain piece to be soaked in the solution, setting the rotation speed to be 4r/min, starting a rotary button, and dip-coating the hydrophobic glaze; after dip-coating for 50s, reducing the height of the cart, keeping the porcelain in a rotating state until the surface glaze is leveled, and removing the hydrophobic glaze cart; naturally drying the surface of the insulator, and then putting the insulator into a high-temperature hardening furnace for hardening treatment; and detecting the surface of the hardened coating insulator, packaging the coating insulator qualified by detection, and entering the next procedure according to the production flow of the insulator.
(3) Testing the effects
The surface hydrophobicity of the porcelain insulator is tested by adopting a water spraying grading method, the hydrophobicity grade is HC 1-HC 3 grade, and the porcelain insulator has better hydrophobicity.
And (3) testing the surface wear resistance of the porcelain insulator, referring to GB/T1768 and 2006, and adopting a rotary rubber grinding wheel method, wherein the test result is 0.03-0.08 mg.
The hydrophobic and abrasion resistance physical tests were carried out on the products prepared in the examples, with the following results:
in fig. 1, water is continuously sprayed over the porcelain insulator using the composite glaze, and the water drops to the surface of the insulator and then appears as discontinuous water drops and slides down.
In the attached figure 2, kaolin powder is scattered on the surface of the porcelain insulator using the composite glaze, water is continuously sprayed on the surface of the porcelain insulator, and the porcelain insulator is wrapped with the powder and falls off after the water falls on the surface of the insulator.
Comparative example 1
(1) Preparation of inorganic hydrophobic antifouling glaze solution
The raw materials were first prepared according to the following formulation. Respectively weighing silica sol according to the weight percentage, stirring for 12min, adding acetic acid, stirring for 15min, adding tetraethoxysilane into the stirred solution, stirring for 10min, adding propanol, stirring for 14h, finally adding methyltrimethoxysilane, stirring for 60min, sealing the uniformly stirred solution, standing and ageing for 3 days.
The glaze formulation is shown in table 5.
TABLE 5 COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 inorganic hydrophobic antifouling glaze formulation
(2) Preparation of coated insulator
Scrubbing the surface of the insulator with clear water, removing attachments on the surface of the insulator, and drying; dissolving organic matters on the surface of the dried porcelain insulator by using an isopropyl alcohol or ethanol solution; fixing one end of the treated insulating ceramic piece on the rack, and pressing a switch to keep the insulating ceramic piece in a horizontal state; pushing a cart filled with dustproof glaze below the porcelain piece, lifting the cart to enable the root of the porcelain piece to be soaked in the solution, setting the rotation speed to be 3r/min, starting a rotary button, and dip-coating the dustproof glaze; after dip-coating for 50s, reducing the height of the cart, keeping the porcelain in a rotating state until the surface glaze is leveled, and removing the dustproof glaze cart; continuously maintaining the rotation state of the ceramic piece with the leveled surface, and baking for 8min by using an infrared lamp at 100 ℃; after the porcelain piece is dried for 12min, pushing a cart filled with hydrophobic glaze below the porcelain piece, lifting the cart to enable the root of the porcelain piece to be soaked in the solution, setting the rotation speed to be 3r/min, starting a rotary button, and dip-coating the hydrophobic glaze; after dip-coating for 1min, reducing the height of the cart, keeping the porcelain in a rotating state until the surface glaze is leveled, and removing the hydrophobic glaze cart; naturally drying the surface of the insulator, and then putting the insulator into a high-temperature hardening furnace for hardening treatment; and detecting the surface of the hardened coating insulator, packaging the coating insulator qualified by detection, and entering the next procedure according to the production flow of the insulator.
(3) Testing the effects
The surface hydrophobicity of the porcelain insulator is tested by adopting a water spraying grading method, the hydrophobicity grade is HC 1-HC 3 grade, and the porcelain insulator has better hydrophobicity.
And (3) testing the surface wear resistance of the porcelain insulator, referring to GB/T1768 and 2006, and adopting a rotary rubber grinding wheel method, wherein the test result is 0.07-0.13 mg.
Comparative example 2
(1) Preparation of inorganic hydrophobic antifouling glaze solution
The raw materials were first prepared according to the following formulation. Respectively weighing nano alumina sol and silica sol according to the weight percentage, stirring for 15min, adding methyltriethoxysilane into the stirred solution, stirring for 10min, adding acetic acid, stirring for 20min, adding polydimethylsiloxane, stirring for 75min, finally adding methanol, stirring for 16h, sealing the uniformly stirred solution, standing and ageing for 5 days.
The glaze formulation is shown in table 6.
TABLE 6 COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2 inorganic hydrophobic antifouling glaze formulation
(2) Preparation of coated insulator
Scrubbing the surface of the insulator with clear water, removing attachments on the surface of the insulator, and drying; dissolving organic matters on the surface of the dried porcelain insulator by using an isopropyl alcohol or ethanol solution; fixing one end of the treated insulating ceramic piece on the rack, and pressing a switch to keep the insulating ceramic piece in a horizontal state; pushing a cart filled with dustproof glaze below the porcelain piece, lifting the cart to enable the root of the porcelain piece to be soaked in the solution, setting the rotation speed to be 5r/min, starting a rotary button, and dip-coating the dustproof glaze; after dip-coating for 50s, reducing the height of the cart, keeping the porcelain in a rotating state until the surface glaze is leveled, and removing the dustproof glaze cart; continuously maintaining the rotation state of the ceramic piece with the leveled surface, and baking for 12min by using an infrared lamp at 100 ℃; after the porcelain piece is baked for 15min, pushing a cart filled with hydrophobic glaze below the porcelain piece, lifting the cart to enable the root of the porcelain piece to be soaked in the solution, setting the rotation speed to be 4r/min, starting a rotary button, and dip-coating the hydrophobic glaze; after dip-coating for 50s, reducing the height of the cart, keeping the porcelain in a rotating state until the surface glaze is leveled, and removing the hydrophobic glaze cart; naturally drying the surface of the insulator, and then putting the insulator into a high-temperature hardening furnace for hardening treatment; and detecting the surface of the hardened coating insulator, packaging the coating insulator qualified by detection, and entering the next procedure according to the production flow of the insulator.
(3) Testing the effects
And (3) testing the surface hydrophobicity of the porcelain insulator by adopting a water spraying classification method, wherein the hydrophobicity is weakened to HC 4-HC 6 level.
And (3) testing the surface wear resistance of the porcelain insulator, referring to GB/T1768 and 2006, and adopting a rotary rubber grinding wheel method, wherein the test result is 0.06-0.11 mg.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a coastal salt fog area porcelain insulator is with inorganic hydrophobic and compound antifouling frit of dustproof, its characterized in that: comprises inorganic hydrophobic glaze and inorganic dustproof glaze, wherein:
the inorganic hydrophobic glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.8-2.3% of nano alumina sol, 7.5-9.5% of silica sol, 2.3-3.8% of I-type silane, 1.5-2.1% of II-type silane, 1.5-4.5% of acid and 78-85% of alcohol;
the inorganic dustproof glaze comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 1.35-2.67% of water, 0.70-1.21% of phosphoric acid, 0.45-0.99% of nitric acid, 4.5-7.5% of silica sol and 87-93% of propanol.
2. The inorganic hydrophobic and dustproof composite antifouling glaze for the porcelain insulator in the coastal salt fog area according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the particle size of the nano alumina sol is required to be 8-15 nm, and the pH value at 25 ℃ is required to be 2.0-4.0.
3. The inorganic hydrophobic and dustproof composite antifouling glaze for the porcelain insulator in the coastal salt fog area according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the granularity of the silica sol is required to be 10-20 nm and 25-35 nm, and the pH value at 25 ℃ is required to be 2.0-4.0.
4. The inorganic hydrophobic and dustproof composite antifouling glaze for the porcelain insulator in the coastal salt fog area according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the I-type silane is one or two of tetraethoxysilane or methyltriethoxysilane.
5. The inorganic hydrophobic and dustproof composite antifouling glaze for the porcelain insulator in the coastal salt fog area according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the II-class silane is one or two of methyltrimethoxysilane or polydimethylsiloxane.
6. The inorganic hydrophobic and dustproof composite antifouling glaze for the porcelain insulator in the coastal salt fog area according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the acid is acetic acid or propionic acid.
7. The inorganic hydrophobic and dustproof composite antifouling glaze for the porcelain insulator in the coastal salt fog area according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the alcohol is methanol, ethanol, propanol or isopropanol.
8. A preparation method of the inorganic hydrophobic and dustproof composite antifouling glaze for the porcelain insulator in the coastal salt fog area as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, stirring nano alumina sol and silica sol for 8-15min, adding acid and stirring for 10-20min after stirring, adding I-class silane into the stirred solution, stirring for 10-15min, adding alcohol and stirring for 10-16h, finally adding II-class silane and stirring for 60-80 min, sealing the uniformly stirred solution, standing and ageing to prepare an inorganic hydrophobic glaze;
(2) firstly stirring water, phosphoric acid, nitric acid and silica sol for 30-58min, then adding propanol into the stirred solution, stirring for 15-30h, finally sealing the uniformly stirred solution and standing for later use to prepare the inorganic dustproof glaze.
9. The method for preparing the inorganic hydrophobic and dustproof composite antifouling glaze for the porcelain insulator in the coastal salt fog area according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), a stirrer used in stirring is a magnetic stirrer, and the rotating speed of the stirrer is 800-1200 r/min; aging for 1-5 days.
10. The application of the inorganic hydrophobic and dustproof composite antifouling glaze for the porcelain insulator in the coastal salt fog area as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) scrubbing the surface of the insulator with clear water, removing attachments on the surface of the insulator, and drying;
(2) dissolving organic matters on the surface of the dried porcelain insulator by using an isopropyl alcohol or ethanol solution;
(3) fixing one end of the treated insulating ceramic piece on the rack, and pressing a switch to keep the insulating ceramic piece in a horizontal state;
(4) respectively pouring inorganic dustproof glaze and inorganic hydrophobic glaze into a container with a cart, and keeping the solution sealed before dip-coating;
(5) pushing a cart filled with inorganic dustproof glaze below the porcelain piece, lifting the cart to enable the root of the porcelain piece to be soaked in the solution, setting the rotation speed, starting a rotation button, and dip-coating the inorganic dustproof glaze;
(6) after the inorganic dustproof glaze is dip-coated in place, reducing the height of the cart, keeping the porcelain piece in a rotating state until the surface glaze is leveled, and removing the inorganic dustproof glaze cart;
(7) continuously keeping the ceramic piece with the leveled surface in a rotating state, and baking for 8-12 min by using an infrared lamp at 100 ℃;
(8) after the porcelain piece is dried for 10-15min, pushing a cart filled with inorganic hydrophobic glaze below the porcelain piece, lifting the cart to enable the root of the porcelain piece to be soaked in the solution, setting the rotation speed, starting a rotation button, and dip-coating the inorganic hydrophobic glaze;
(9) after the inorganic hydrophobic glaze is dip-coated in place, the height of the cart is reduced, the porcelain piece is kept in a rotating state until the surface glaze is leveled, and the inorganic hydrophobic glaze cart is removed;
(10) naturally drying the surface of the insulator or performing infrared drying, and then putting the insulator into a high-temperature hardening furnace for hardening.
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