CN111499110A - Saline-alkali soil brackish water large-scale utilization system - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil brackish water large-scale utilization system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111499110A CN111499110A CN202010355089.9A CN202010355089A CN111499110A CN 111499110 A CN111499110 A CN 111499110A CN 202010355089 A CN202010355089 A CN 202010355089A CN 111499110 A CN111499110 A CN 111499110A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/06—Contaminated groundwater or leachate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
- C02F3/1268—Membrane bioreactor systems
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
Abstract
The invention discloses a large-scale saline-alkali soil brackish water utilization system which comprises a saline-alkali soil underground reservoir, a nano primary treatment device, an electro-adsorption desalting device, a biological purification device and a plurality of underground drip irrigation devices, wherein one end of the nano primary treatment device is communicated with the electro-adsorption desalting device, the other end of the nano primary treatment device is communicated with the electro-adsorption desalting device, a first branch and a second branch are arranged at the tail end of the electro-adsorption desalting device, the biological purification device is communicated with the first branch, and the plurality of underground drip irrigation devices are communicated with the second branch; after the micro-saline water is subjected to decomposition of organic pollutants in the water body and desalination treatment, the micro-saline water is recycled by two branches, so that the state of difficulty in crop planting and supply and demand of clean water for life in semiarid and arid regions is greatly relieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of brackish water treatment and utilization, in particular to a system for utilizing brackish water in saline-alkali soil on a large scale.
Background
Saline-alkali soil refers to soil which contains high concentration of soluble salt and directly causes inhibition or harm to plant growth. According to incomplete statistics of textbook organization and grain farming organization of the united nations, the area of saline-alkali soil all over the world is 9.5438 hundred million hectares, wherein 9913 million hectares exist in China, the proportion of the saline-alkali soil in Jingjin Ji area is large, and the formation of alkaline earth and alkalized soil in China is mostly related to the accumulation of carbonate in the soil, so that the alkalization degree is generally high, and plants in serious saline-alkali earth soil areas can hardly survive.
When the salt and alkali in the soil are excessive, salt damage can be formed, and the normal growth of crops is influenced. Saline and alkaline can cause two kinds of harm to crops: firstly, the pesticide has toxic action, when more sodium ions or chloride ions are absorbed by crops, the structure and the function of a cell membrane can be changed, and finally the crops can die; secondly, the osmotic pressure of the soil is improved, resistance is caused to the absorption action of the roots of the planted crops, the crops are difficult to absorb water, cells are dehydrated, plants are wilted, and finally the plants die. However, the brackish water in the saline-alkali land can not be utilized, which is an important way to relieve the contradiction between water resource supply and demand in semiarid regions and arid regions in vast saline-alkali regions, and the inhabitants in vast saline-alkali regions and vast saline-alkali regions are always puzzled, so that the development and utilization of unconventional water resources such as brackish water, brackish water and the like are actively promoted, the utilization efficiency of the water resources is improved, and the new water resource supply can be effectively increased under the condition that the stock resources are not changed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a scale utilization system for brackish water in saline-alkali soil, which is used for decomposing organic pollutants in water body and desalting the brackish water, and then reusing the brackish water by two branches, so that the state of difficulty in crop planting and domestic clean water supply in semiarid and arid regions is greatly relieved, and the technical problem mentioned in the background technology is solved.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a saline and alkaline land brackish water scale utilizes system, buries underground in the underground that supplies the crop watering underground and drips irrigation the device including saline and alkaline land underground cistern, nanometer preliminary treatment device, electro-adsorption demineralizer, biological purification device and a plurality of that are used for storing the underground brackish water, the one end intercommunication of nanometer preliminary treatment device, the electro-adsorption demineralizer the other end intercommunication electro-adsorption demineralizer of nanometer preliminary treatment device, the end of electro-adsorption demineralizer is equipped with first branch road and second branch road, biological purification device with first branch road intercommunication, a plurality of drip irrigation the device underground with second branch road intercommunication.
According to the invention, underground brackish water of the saline-alkali soil is subjected to decomposition of organic pollutants in the water body and full desalination through the nano primary treatment device and the electro-adsorption desalination device in sequence, so that the utilization rate of the brackish water is improved.
Further, saline and alkaline land underground reservoir pass through the hydraulic pipeline with nanometer preliminary treatment device intercommunication, install electric water pump on the hydraulic pipeline.
The beneficial effects of the above preferred scheme are: the gathered brackish water is conveyed to a nanometer primary treatment device through a water conveying pipeline by starting an electric water pump to carry out primary desalting.
Further, the nanometer preliminary treatment device comprises a microorganism nanometer treatment box and a respirator, wherein a plurality of isolation plates are fixedly arranged in the microorganism nanometer treatment box, microorganism nanospheres are fixed on the isolation plates, the respirator is communicated with the top end of the microorganism nanometer treatment box through an overflow pipe, and the respirator is used for containing absorption liquid for absorbing impurity gas.
The beneficial effects of the above preferred scheme are: the surface and the inside of the microbial nanosphere are provided with pores with different sizes, the microbial nanosphere has an adsorption function and can perform ion exchange, and microorganisms carried by the microbial nanosphere can quickly regulate and control the water environment after entering a brackish water body, so that ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and suspended matters in the water body are removed.
Further, the electro-adsorption desalination device includes negative plate, anode plate, a plurality of group's membrane pair and a plurality of baffle, the baffle welds perpendicularly on the titanium silk screen of negative plate and anode plate, be equipped with a plurality of evenly distributed's round hole on the baffle, negative plate, anode plate and a plurality of membrane pair constitute utmost point room, the membrane is to including positive membrane and negative membrane, and every group membrane pair constitutes a fresh room and a dense room, utmost point room, fresh room and dense room are equipped with water inlet and delivery port respectively.
The beneficial effects of the above preferred scheme are: can be repeatedly used, can fully desalt the brackish water and desalt the brackish water.
Further, the water inlet with nanometer preliminary treatment device's bottom intercommunication, the delivery port is connected first branch road and second branch road, the baffle is made by the PVC material.
The beneficial effects of the above preferred scheme are: the baffle is made by the PVC material, and the baffle of this material is corrosion-resistant, and with low costs.
Furthermore, the biological purification device comprises a dissolving tank, a first sedimentation tank, a biological treatment tank and a second sedimentation tank which are sequentially communicated, wherein the water inlet end of the dissolving tank is connected with a first branch, the bottom end of the first sedimentation tank is provided with a first sewage draining tank and a first loop, and the tail end of the first loop is communicated with the top of the biological treatment tank;
the bottom of the second sedimentation tank is provided with a second sewage draining tank and a second loop, the tail end of the second loop is communicated with the water inlet end of the biological treatment tank, and the water outlet end of the second sedimentation tank is connected with an external water end.
The beneficial effects of the above preferred scheme are: connect in the terminal first branch road of electro-adsorption desalination device, the brackish water after electro-adsorption desalination device handles carries out the purification treatment of first round through dissolving tank and first sedimentation tank.
Further, a flocculating agent is put into the dissolving tank, and the flocculating agent is phosphoric acid or sodium hydroxide; a biological membrane is arranged in the biological treatment tank, and nitrifying bacteria are fixed on the biological membrane.
The beneficial effects of the above preferred scheme are: the flocculating agent put in the dissolving tank and the biological membrane arranged in the biological treatment tank can purify the water body.
Furthermore, the underground drip irrigation device comprises a water reservoir, a plurality of drip pipes and a water inlet pipe, wherein the drip pipes are uniformly distributed on the peripheral wall of the water reservoir, drip openings are formed in the drip pipes, filter screens are arranged on the drip openings, piston pushing mechanisms are installed in the water reservoir, and the water inlet pipe is connected with the second branch.
The beneficial effects of the above preferred scheme are: the water storage device can store a certain amount of water, and drip irrigation is carried out on the root system of the crops around through the drip openings arranged on the drip tube.
Furthermore, the piston pushing mechanism comprises a pushing piston, a piston rod and a valve core, wherein a compensation hole matched with the valve core is formed in the pushing piston, a valve rod penetrating through the compensation hole is arranged at the top end of the valve core, a push rod penetrating through the top of the water storage container is installed on the pushing piston, a reset frame is arranged on the push rod and connected with the valve rod, and a spring is arranged between the valve core and the reset frame.
The beneficial effects of the above preferred scheme are: the plug pushing mechanism can effectively control the water amount of drip irrigation of crops.
Furthermore, a conical countersunk head is arranged on the compensation hole, a conical chamfer matched with the conical countersunk head is arranged on the valve core, and the small diameter of the conical chamfer is larger than that of the conical countersunk head.
The beneficial effects of the above preferred scheme are: in order to optimize the smoothness of fit between the compensation bore and the spool.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) according to the scale utilization system for the saline-alkali soil brackish water, the saline-alkali soil brackish water is subjected to decomposition of organic pollutants in a water body and full desalination through the nano primary treatment device and the electro-adsorption desalination device in sequence, so that the utilization rate of the brackish water can be improved; the desalted brackish water is divided into two branches to be respectively supplied to crops for irrigation and clean water for residential area life, so that the brackish water resource is fully utilized, the output and utilization of underground brackish water are continuously realized, the soil salinization is effectively improved, the sustainable utilization of cultivated land resources is ensured, and the water resource of the saline-alkali land is utilized in a large scale.
2) The nano primary treatment device adopts the microbial nanospheres to rapidly decompose organic pollutants in the brackish water, pores with different sizes are formed on the surfaces and inside of the microbial nanospheres, the adsorption function is realized, ion exchange can be carried out, microorganisms carried by the microbial nanospheres can rapidly regulate and control the water body environment after entering a brackish water body, and ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and suspended matters in the water body are removed; the electro-adsorption desalination device disclosed by the invention can further improve the support property of the polar chamber flow channel and the flowing water passing property by the arrangement mode and the installation mode of the partition plates, can be repeatedly used, and can be used for fully desalinating brackish water and desalinating the brackish water.
3) The piston pushing mechanism of the drip irrigation device realizes that the compensation hole can be automatically opened when the air is introduced or drained, and the water and the air are automatically closed when the water and the air are extruded from the water outlet, thereby realizing the effective control of the water quantity of the drip irrigation of crops.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a system for scale utilization of brackish water in saline-alkali soil according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a nano-scale preliminary treatment apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an electro-adsorption desalination apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the biological purification apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the configuration of the subsurface drip irrigation device of the present invention;
in the figure, 1-saline-alkali soil underground water reservoir, 2-nanometer primary treatment device, 201-microorganism nanometer treatment box, 202-respirator, 203-isolation plate, 204-microorganism nanometer ball, 205-overflow pipe, 3-electric adsorption desalting device, 4-biological purification device, 401-dissolving tank, 402-first sedimentation tank, 403-biological treatment tank, 404-second sedimentation tank, 5-underground drip irrigation device, 6-water pipeline, 7-electric water pump, 8-cathode plate, 9-anode plate, 10-baffle plate, 11-polar chamber, 12-anode membrane, 13-cathode membrane, 14-fresh chamber, 15-dense chamber, 16-water inlet, 17-water outlet, 18-first decontamination tank, 19-first loop, 20-a second sewage draining pool, 21-a second loop, 22-a water reservoir, 23-a dropper, 24-a water inlet pipe, 25-a dropping port, 26-a pushing mechanism, 2601-a pushing piston, 2602-a piston rod, 2603-a valve core, 2604-a compensation hole, 2605-a valve rod, 2606-a push rod and 2607-a reset frame.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a technical solution:
referring to fig. 1, the system for utilizing brackish water in large scale in saline-alkali land comprises a saline-alkali land underground reservoir 1 for storing underground brackish water, a nano primary treatment device 2, an electro-adsorption desalting device 3, a biological purification device 4 and a plurality of underground drip irrigation devices 5 buried underground for crop irrigation, wherein one end of the nano primary treatment device 2 is communicated, the other end of the nano primary treatment device 2 of the electro-adsorption desalting device 3 is communicated with the electro-adsorption desalting device 3, a first branch and a second branch are arranged at the tail end of the electro-adsorption desalting device 3, the biological purification device 4 is communicated with the first branch, and the underground drip irrigation devices 5 are communicated with the second branch.
According to the scale utilization system for the brackish water in the saline-alkali soil, the underground brackish water in the saline-alkali soil is subjected to decomposition of organic pollutants in a water body and full desalination through the nano primary treatment device and the electro-adsorption desalination device in sequence, so that the utilization rate of the brackish water can be improved; the desalted brackish water is divided into two branches to be respectively supplied to crops for irrigation and clean water for residential area life, so that the brackish water resource is fully utilized, the output and utilization of underground brackish water are continuously realized, the soil salinization is effectively improved, the sustainable utilization of cultivated land resources is ensured, and the water resource of the saline-alkali land is utilized in a large scale.
Referring to fig. 1, the saline-alkali soil underground reservoir 1 is communicated with the nano primary treatment device 2 through a water conveying pipeline 6, and an electric water pump 7 is installed on the water conveying pipeline 6.
The saline-alkali soil underground reservoir 1 is dug underground and used for storing brackish water, the brackish water can be gathered in a well digging mode, and the gathered brackish water is conveyed to the nanometer primary treatment device 2 through the water conveying pipeline 6 by starting the electric water pump 7 to be subjected to primary desalting.
Referring to fig. 2, the nano primary treatment apparatus 2 includes a microorganism nano treatment tank 201 and a respirator 202, wherein a plurality of partition plates 203 are fixedly disposed in the microorganism nano treatment tank 201, microorganism nanospheres 204 are fixed on the partition plates 203, the respirator 202 is communicated with the top end of the microorganism nano treatment tank 201 through an overflow pipe 205, and an absorption liquid for absorbing impurity gas is contained in the respirator 202.
According to the nano primary treatment device 2, brackish water is discharged into a microbial nano treatment box 201 through a water conveying pipeline 6 to decompose organic pollutants in a water body, a microbial nanosphere 204 is fixed on a separation plate 203 and is a microbial nanosphere 204 which is prepared by fixing a large number of effective microbes in a porous carrier sphere containing nano materials and having a diameter of 40-50 mm, the microbial nanosphere 204 also comprises nano materials, clay powder, zeolite head powder and thalli, and the microbial nanosphere 204 is prepared by a nanotechnology and a microbial fermentation technology, so that the microbial nanosphere 204 has good biocompatibility and strong adsorption capacity, and the organic pollutants in the brackish water can be quickly decomposed under the action of the microbial nanosphere 204, and the water body is purified; secondly, the surface and the inside of the microorganism nanosphere 204 have pores with different sizes, have an adsorption function and can perform ion exchange, and microorganisms carried by the microorganism nanosphere 204 can quickly regulate and control the water environment after entering the brackish water body, so as to remove ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and suspended matters in the water body.
Each layer of the isolation plate 203 is provided with a microorganism nanosphere 204 for fully regulating and controlling brackish water. The respirator 202 is provided with a solution, such as NaOH solution, for absorbing impurity gases, such as CO2And the content of impurity gas in the air entering the box body is reduced.
Referring to fig. 3, the electro-adsorption desalination device 3 includes a cathode plate 8, an anode plate 9, a plurality of membrane pairs and a plurality of partition plates 10, the partition plates 10 are vertically welded on titanium meshes of the cathode plate 8 and the anode plate 9, the partition plates 10 are provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed circular holes, the cathode plate 8, the anode plate 9 and the membrane pairs form a polar chamber 11, the membrane pairs include an anode membrane 12 and a cathode membrane 13, each membrane pair forms a fresh chamber 14 and a dense chamber 15, and the polar chamber 11, the fresh chamber 14 and the dense chamber 15 are respectively provided with a water inlet 16 and a water outlet 17.
Further, the water inlet 16 with the bottom intercommunication of nanometer preliminary treatment device 2, delivery port 17 is connected first branch road and second branch road, baffle 10 is made by the PVC material.
According to the electro-adsorption desalination device 3, the plurality of partition plates 10 are uniformly distributed in the flow channel of the polar chamber 11, and the plurality of round holes arranged on the partition plates 10 can increase the resistance and pressure of the polar water flow channel, so that the polar water pressure is balanced with the light water pressure and the concentrated water pressure, the support performance of the polar chamber 11 flow channel is improved, and the membrane pair is prevented from deforming and leaking water.
The separator 10 is perpendicular to the cathode plate 8 and the anode plate 9 respectively, the arrangement of the separator 10 is M rows and N columns, in this embodiment, M and N can be set as required, and the arrangement of the separator 10 can further improve the support of the flow channel of the electrode chamber 11 and the flow passing performance of the flowing water; the partition board 10 is made of PVC, and the partition board 10 made of the PVC is corrosion-resistant and low in cost; the size of the partition 105 can also be adjusted according to actual needs.
The working principle of the electro-adsorption desalination device 3 is as follows: under the action of a direct current electric field, the purposes of separation, purification, concentration and recovery are achieved by utilizing the selective permeability of the positive membrane 12 and the negative membrane 13 to anions and cations in a solution, namely the positive membrane 12 only allows cations to pass through, the negative membrane 13 only allows anions to pass through and the physical and chemical process of separating solutes and water in the solution. The water inlet 16 of the pole chamber 11, the fresh chamber 14 and the concentration chamber 15 respectively and continuously flows through the pole chamber 11, the fresh chamber 14 and the concentration chamber 15, the water outlet of the fresh chamber 14 is desalted water, the water outlet of the concentration chamber 15 is concentrated brine, the water outlet of the pole chamber 11 continuously discharges reaction substances in the electrode process, the normal operation of electrodialysis is ensured, finally the concentrated brine can be collected together for other chemical purposes, and the desalted water is communicated with the first branch and the second branch for other purposes.
Referring to fig. 4, the biological purification apparatus 4 includes a dissolving tank 401, a first sedimentation tank 402, a biological treatment tank 403 and a second sedimentation tank 404, which are sequentially communicated, a water inlet end of the dissolving tank 401 is connected to a first branch, a first sewage draining tank 18 and a first loop 19 are arranged at a bottom end of the first sedimentation tank 402, and a tail end of the first loop 19 is communicated with a top of the biological treatment tank 403;
the bottom end of the second sedimentation tank 404 is provided with a second sewage disposal tank 20 and a second loop 21, the tail end of the second loop 21 is communicated with the water inlet end of the biological treatment tank 403, and the water outlet end of the second sedimentation tank 404 is connected with an external water end.
Further, a flocculating agent is put into the dissolving tank 401, and the flocculating agent is phosphoric acid or sodium hydroxide; a biological membrane is arranged in the biological treatment tank 403, and nitrifying bacteria are fixed on the biological membrane.
The biological purification device 4 of the invention is connected with a first branch at the tail end of the electro-adsorption desalination device 3, brackish water treated by the electro-adsorption desalination device 3 is subjected to a first round of purification treatment by a dissolving tank 401 and a first sedimentation tank 402, a first layer of purified water after the first round of treatment is subjected to a second round of purification treatment by a biological treatment tank 403 and a second sedimentation tank 404, wherein the waste sediment obtained after the first round of treatment is discharged into a first sewage disposal pool 18, the waste sediment obtained after the second round of treatment is discharged into a second sewage disposal pool 20, part of the brackish water after the first round of treatment can also flow back to the dissolving pool 401 again for secondary purification, the brackish water after the second round of treatment can also flow back to the biological treatment pool 403 again for secondary purification, through continuous repeated circulation treatment, a purified water source is finally obtained and discharged for domestic clean water in residential areas.
Referring to fig. 5, the underground drip irrigation device 5 includes a water reservoir 22, a plurality of drip pipes 23 and a water inlet pipe 24, the plurality of drip pipes 23 are uniformly distributed on the circumferential wall of the water reservoir 22, the drip pipes 23 are provided with drip openings 25, the drip openings 25 are provided with filter screens, a piston pushing mechanism 26 is installed in the water reservoir 22, and the water inlet pipe 24 is connected with the second branch.
The dropper 23 of the present invention is inclined upwards at a certain angle with the bottom of the water container 22, the filter screen can prevent soil from entering the dropper 23, and water on the upper part of the water container 22 flows to the dropper 23 under the action of the piston pushing mechanism 26, so that the drip irrigation of crops is realized.
Further, the piston pushing mechanism 26 includes a pushing piston 2601, a piston rod 2602 and a valve core 2603, the pushing piston 2601 is provided with a compensation hole 2604 matched with the valve core 2603, the top end of the valve core 2603 is provided with a valve rod 2605 penetrating through the compensation hole 2604, the pushing piston 2601 is provided with a push rod 2606 penetrating through the top of the water storage container, the push rod 2606 is provided with a reset frame 2607, the push rod 2606 is connected with the valve rod 2605, and a spring is arranged between the valve core 2603 and the reset frame 2607.
The compensation hole 2604 of the invention is used for introducing irrigation water and air, the valve core 2603 closes the compensation hole 2604 from bottom to top, a gap is reserved between the valve core 2603 and the compensation hole 2604 when the irrigation water and the air are introduced, an inflow channel is opened, and a spring is arranged between the valve core 2603 and the reset frame 2607, so that the compensation hole 2604 can be automatically opened when the irrigation water and the air are introduced or drained, and the water and the air are automatically closed when the water and the air are extruded from the water outlet 17, thereby realizing the effective control of the water quantity of the drip irrigation of crops.
Further, in order to optimize the matching smoothness between the compensation hole 2604 and the valve core 2603, a tapered countersunk head is arranged on the compensation hole 2604, a tapered chamfer matched with the tapered countersunk head is arranged on the valve core 2603, and the small diameter of the tapered chamfer is larger than that of the tapered countersunk head.
The drip irrigation device of the invention has the working process that: when inlet tube 24 began intaking, rivers were gone into between the top cap of piston and water reservoir 22, and water backs down case 2603 on the piston under self action of gravity, and water flows into the lower half appearance intracavity of water reservoir 22 from compensation hole 2604, and when holding the intracavity water and accumulating a definite value, accessible valve control stopped intaking, and case 2603 rebounds the closed condition this moment, and rivers drip irrigation to crops in flowing into soil through the drip opening 25 on burette 23.
Preferably, a power mechanism can be additionally arranged on the piston, the power mechanism pushes the piston 2601 to extrude water in the cavity from the drip port 25 of the dropper 23, after the piston reaches the bottom, the power mechanism pulls back the piston, when the piston rises, the internal air pressure is reduced, the air pushes the valve core 2603 open to enter the cavity, the cavity is filled with air, along with the entering of the air, the air pressure in the cavity rises, and the valve core 2603 is automatically closed again; the piston is controlled again to push downwards, the air is discharged from the water outlet 17, meanwhile, due to air circulation, the soil near the water outlet 17 is dried more quickly, so that the humidity near the water outlet 17 is reduced several times, water and air fully enter the tree root area, the respiration of the plant root is increased, the plant growth is facilitated, the root tying and the growth are accelerated, and the power mechanism can be completed by adopting the scheme of the prior art of the combination of a power cylinder and a single chip microcomputer.
The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the crops are irrigated in a drip irrigation mode after the brackish water is desalted, the ventilation environment of the crops can be improved, the respiration effect is promoted, the capability of the root system of the crops for absorbing water and fertilizer is improved, meanwhile, the nutrients and the fertilizer can directly reach the root area of the crops through underground drip irrigation, a desalting and desalting area is formed in the root area, a good water-salt environment is constructed, the effective utilization area of the saline-alkali soil is increased, the service life of a drip irrigation tape is prolonged, and the labor force is saved.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A saline-alkali soil brackish water large-scale utilization system is characterized in that: underground reservoir (1), nanometer preliminary treatment device (2), electro-adsorption desalination device (3), biological purification device (4) and a plurality of bury underground in the saline and alkaline land that is used for storing the little saline water of underground and drip irrigation device (5) that the underground is used for supplying the crop watering, the one end intercommunication of nanometer preliminary treatment device (2) electro-adsorption desalination device (3), the other end of nanometer preliminary treatment device (2) is even electrified and is adsorbed desalination device (3), the end of electro-adsorption desalination device (3) is equipped with first branch road and second branch road, biological purification device (4) with first branch road intercommunication, a plurality of drip irrigation device (5) underground with second branch road intercommunication.
2. The system for utilizing the brackish water of the saline-alkali soil in large scale according to claim 1, is characterized in that: saline and alkaline land secret cistern (1) through conduit (6) with nanometer preliminary treatment device (2) intercommunication, install electric water pump (7) on conduit (6).
3. The system for utilizing the brackish water of the saline-alkali soil in large scale according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the nanometer primary treatment device (2) comprises a microorganism nanometer treatment box (201) and a respirator (202), wherein a plurality of partition plates (203) are fixedly arranged in the microorganism nanometer treatment box (201), microorganism nanospheres (204) are fixed on the partition plates (203), the respirator (202) is communicated with the top end of the microorganism nanometer treatment box (201) through an overflow pipe (205), and the respirator (202) is used for containing absorption liquid for absorbing impurity gas.
4. The system for utilizing the brackish water of the saline-alkali soil in large scale according to claim 1, is characterized in that: electro-adsorption desalination device (3) include negative plate (8), anode plate (9), a plurality of group's membrane pair and a plurality of baffle (10), baffle (10) vertical welding is in on the titanium silk screen of negative plate (8) and anode plate (9), be equipped with a plurality of evenly distributed's round hole on baffle (10), negative plate (8), anode plate (9) and a plurality of membrane are to constituting utmost point room (11), the membrane is to including positive membrane (12) and negative membrane (13), and every group membrane is to constituting one and is faded room (14) and one dense room (15), utmost point room (11), fade room (14) and dense room (15) are equipped with water inlet (16) and delivery port (17) respectively.
5. The scale utilization system for the brackish water in the saline-alkali soil according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: water inlet (16) with the bottom intercommunication of nanometer preliminary treatment device (2), delivery port (17) are connected first branch road and second branch road, baffle (10) are made by the PVC material.
6. The system for utilizing the brackish water of the saline-alkali soil in large scale according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the biological purification device (4) comprises a dissolving tank (401), a first sedimentation tank (402), a biological treatment tank (403) and a second sedimentation tank (404) which are sequentially communicated, wherein the water inlet end of the dissolving tank (401) is connected with a first branch, a first sewage disposal tank (18) and a first loop (19) are arranged at the bottom end of the first sedimentation tank (402), and the tail end of the first loop (19) is communicated with the top of the biological treatment tank (403);
the bottom end of the second sedimentation tank (404) is provided with a second sewage disposal tank (20) and a second loop (21), the tail end of the second loop (21) is communicated with the water inlet end of the biological treatment tank (403), and the water outlet end of the second sedimentation tank (404) is connected with an external water end.
7. The system for utilizing the brackish water of the saline-alkali soil in large scale according to claim 1, is characterized in that: a flocculating agent is put into the dissolving tank (401), and the flocculating agent is phosphoric acid or sodium hydroxide; a biological membrane is arranged in the biological treatment tank (403), and nitrifying bacteria are fixed on the biological membrane.
8. The system for utilizing the brackish water of the saline-alkali soil in large scale according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the underground drip irrigation device (5) comprises a water reservoir (22), a plurality of drip pipes (23) and a water inlet pipe (24), the drip pipes (23) are uniformly distributed on the peripheral wall of the water reservoir (22), drip openings (25) are formed in the drip pipes (23), filter screens are arranged on the drip openings (25), piston pushing mechanisms (26) are installed in the water reservoir (22), and the water inlet pipe (24) is connected with the second branch.
9. The scale utilization system for the brackish water in the saline-alkali soil according to claim 8, which is characterized in that: piston pushing mechanism (26) is including promoting piston (2601), piston rod (2602) and case (2603), be equipped with on promoting piston (2601) with case (2603) complex compensation hole (2604), the top of case (2603) is equipped with and runs through valve rod (2605) in compensation hole (2604), install push rod (2606) that run through the water storage container top on promoting piston (2601), be equipped with on push rod (2606) and reset frame (2607), push rod (2606) with valve rod (2605) are connected, be equipped with the spring between case (2603) and the frame that resets (2607).
10. The scale utilization system for the brackish water in the saline-alkali soil according to claim 8, which is characterized in that: a conical countersunk head is arranged on the compensation hole (2604), a conical chamfer matched with the conical countersunk head is arranged on the valve core (2603), and the small diameter of the conical chamfer is larger than that of the conical countersunk head.
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