CN111499075A - Zero-emission treatment system and treatment method for salt-containing wastewater - Google Patents
Zero-emission treatment system and treatment method for salt-containing wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN111499075A CN111499075A CN202010404949.3A CN202010404949A CN111499075A CN 111499075 A CN111499075 A CN 111499075A CN 202010404949 A CN202010404949 A CN 202010404949A CN 111499075 A CN111499075 A CN 111499075A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/06—Flash evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/38—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/442—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by nanofiltration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/447—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by membrane distillation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
Abstract
The invention discloses a zero-emission treatment system for salt-containing wastewater, which comprises a nanofiltration unit, a bipolar membrane electrodialysis unit and a conversion crystallization unit; a fresh water outlet of the nanofiltration unit is connected with the bipolar membrane electrodialysis unit, and a concentrated water outlet is connected with the conversion crystallization unit; the system disclosed by the invention applies the conversion crystallization technology to zero-discharge treatment of the salt-containing wastewater, combines with the bipolar membrane electrodialysis technology, and cooperates with each other to convert sodium sulfate with a lower additional value into sodium bicarbonate with a higher additional value, so that zero discharge of the salt-containing wastewater is really realized, and the system has a good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of advanced wastewater treatment, in particular to a zero-discharge treatment system and a zero-discharge treatment method for salt-containing wastewater.
Background
At present, the requirement on salt-containing wastewater discharge is higher and higher in China, and the requirement on zero discharge of wastewater is higher and higher along with the shortage of water resources. Traditional waste water zero release technique is mostly membrane concentration + evaporative crystallization, and the salt that obtains is mostly mixed salt (sodium chloride + sodium sulfate), also can obtain sodium sulfate or sodium chloride solid through fractional crystallization, but sodium chloride and sodium sulfate recovery value are low, and evaporation crystallization back enterprise often has no way to sell, still need finally handle as solid useless or dangerous useless, does not have thorough realization zero release.
The patent technology provides a wastewater zero discharge process of the system, and the wastewater zero discharge is really realized. The conversion crystallization technology is provided, sodium chloride and sodium sulfate with low additional values are converted into sodium carbonate and nitrogen fertilizer with high additional values, so that the zero discharge of wastewater is realized, the problem of solid waste treatment is solved, and the zero discharge of wastewater is really realized.
The disclosed technology [1] refers to that the reaction of bittern and solid ammonium bicarbonate is adopted to obtain heavy alkali and mother liquor, the heavy alkali is calcined and decomposed into soda ash, and the mother liquor is treated to obtain by-products of ammonium chloride and sodium sulfate. Similar to the transition crystallization technique mentioned in this patent, but also has the following differences: 1) different from the brine in the document [1], the salt solution to be treated is industrial wastewater, and the sodium sulfate solution after the salt is subjected to nano-filtration is not a sodium chloride system, so that the purity of the sodium carbonate obtained after treatment can reach more than 80%, and the purity of the sodium carbonate in the document can only reach 48.2%; 2) the ammonium bicarbonate added in the method is a solid or liquid saturated solution, so that the operation is more convenient; 3) the conversion crystallization technology is combined with nanofiltration and bipolar membrane electrodialysis technology, can thoroughly realize zero discharge of wastewater, is a new idea of zero discharge of wastewater, and is not a process for simply preparing sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate. [1] Thunderwood, torpedo, royal mine. Water resource-brine alkali preparation [ J ] Jiangxi science, 2007.25 (3): 274-.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a zero-emission treatment system and a treatment method for salt-containing wastewater.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a zero-emission treatment system for salt-containing wastewater, which comprises a nanofiltration unit, a bipolar membrane electrodialysis unit and a conversion crystallization unit; and a fresh water outlet of the nanofiltration unit is connected with the bipolar membrane electrodialysis unit, and a concentrated water outlet is connected with the conversion crystallization unit.
As a preferable technical scheme, the system also comprises a concentration device, wherein a concentrated water outlet of the nanofiltration unit is connected with the concentration device, and the concentration device is connected with the conversion crystallization unit.
As the preferable technical scheme of the invention, the conversion crystallization unit is provided with a stirring device and a solid-liquid separation device; the solid-liquid separation device is mainly used for separating sodium bicarbonate crystals from liquid and is one of normal pressure filtration, reduced pressure filtration, pressurized filtration and centrifugation modes; the filtration selection equipment is one of suction filtration, plate-and-frame filter pressing, precise filtration, bag filters or centrifuges.
The treatment method utilizing the system comprises the steps of enabling the salt-containing wastewater to enter a nanofiltration unit for salt separation treatment, enabling the produced fresh water to enter a bipolar membrane electrodialysis unit for preparing acid liquor and alkali liquor, enabling the produced concentrated water to enter a conversion crystallization unit, and finally obtaining a sodium bicarbonate product.
As the preferable technical scheme of the invention, the concentrated water produced by the nanofiltration unit enters a concentration device for further concentration and then enters a conversion crystallization unit, so that a sodium bicarbonate product is obtained.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the concentration device is one of reverse osmosis, evaporation, membrane distillation, electrodialysis, natural evaporation or reduced pressure distillation.
As a preferable technical scheme, sodium sulfate is converted into sodium bicarbonate by adding ammonium bicarbonate solid or saturated solution in a conversion crystallization unit, wherein the molar ratio of the sodium sulfate to the ammonium bicarbonate is 0.1: 1-1: 5.
As the preferable technical scheme of the invention, the transformation and crystallization temperature is 0-40 ℃; preferably, the transformation crystallization temperature is 10-30 ℃.
As a preferable technical scheme, a salting-out agent can be selectively added in the conversion crystallization process, and the reaction time is 10 min-5 h; the salting-out agent is an electrolyte solution; preferably, the salting-out agent is a sulfate or carbonate.
As the preferable technical scheme of the invention, the salt-containing wastewater is a mixed solution of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate with the salt content concentration of 0.1-6%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the zero-discharge treatment system for the salt-containing wastewater, the conversion crystallization technology and the bipolar membrane electrodialysis technology are combined, sodium sulfate with a low additional value is converted into sodium bicarbonate with a high additional value through the conversion crystallization technology, and the recovery rate of the sodium bicarbonate is 70-90%;
2. by the treatment system, the zero discharge of the wastewater is effectively realized, and the application of the conversion crystallization technology to the zero discharge treatment of the saline wastewater is a new idea of the zero discharge of the wastewater;
3. the treatment system has simple equipment, short flow and strong operability, the finally obtained sodium bicarbonate can be directly used as a product or heated to prepare sodium carbonate, and the mixed solution of ammonium sulfate can be evaporated to be used as a nitrogen fertilizer or directly irrigated by liquid.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a zero discharge treatment system for salt-containing wastewater according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1-a nanofiltration unit; a 2-bipolar membrane electrodialysis unit; 3-a conversion crystallization unit; 4-concentration device.
Detailed Description
In order to better illustrate the invention and to facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions thereof, typical but non-limiting examples of the invention are as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, a zero-discharge treatment system for salt-containing wastewater comprises a nanofiltration unit, a bipolar membrane electrodialysis unit and a conversion crystallization unit; the fresh water outlet of the nanofiltration unit is connected with the bipolar membrane electrodialysis unit, and the concentrated water outlet is connected with the conversion crystallization unit.
d. Preferably, the system further comprises a concentration device, a concentrated water outlet of the nanofiltration unit is connected with the concentration device, the concentration device is connected with the conversion crystallization unit, the conversion crystallization unit is provided with a stirring device and a solid-liquid separation device, so that sodium bicarbonate crystals after reaction are separated from liquid, the solid-liquid separation device can be selected from one of normal pressure filtration, reduced pressure filtration, pressure filtration and centrifugation, and when a filtration device is selected, the solid-liquid separation device can be selected from one of suction filtration, plate-and-frame filter pressing, precise filtration, a bag filter or a centrifuge.
The invention also discloses a treatment method utilizing the system, salt-containing wastewater enters a nanofiltration unit for salt separation treatment, fresh water (with salt content of 0.1% -3%) enters a bipolar membrane electrodialysis unit for preparing acid liquor and alkali liquor (with concentration of 5% -10%) and concentrated water (with salt content of 1% -10%) enters a conversion crystallization unit to finally obtain a sodium bicarbonate product.
Preferably, the nanofiltration unit is used for producing concentrated water, the concentrated water enters a concentration device for further concentration, and then enters a conversion crystallization unit, so that a sodium bicarbonate product is obtained, and the concentration device is one of reverse osmosis, evaporation, membrane distillation, electrodialysis, natural evaporation or reduced pressure distillation.
Ammonium bicarbonate solid or saturated solution is added into a conversion crystallization unit to convert sodium sulfate into sodium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate is added into the concentrated solution according to the molar ratio of the sodium sulfate to the ammonium bicarbonate of 0.1: 1-1: 5, the mixture is continuously stirred, and the main reaction is as follows: na (Na)2SO4+NH4HCO3=NaHCO3↓+(NH4)2SO4;
The temperature of the transformation crystallization is 0 to 40 ℃, i.e., 0 ℃, 1 ℃, 2 ℃, 3 ℃, 4 ℃, 5 ℃, 6 ℃, 7 ℃, 8 ℃, 9 ℃, 10 ℃, 11 ℃, 12 ℃, 13 ℃, 14 ℃, 15 ℃, 16 ℃, 17 ℃, 18 ℃, 19 ℃, 20 ℃, 21 ℃, 22 ℃, 23 ℃, 24 ℃, 25 ℃, 26 ℃, 27 ℃, 28 ℃, 29 ℃, 30 ℃, 31 ℃, 32 ℃, 33 ℃, 34 ℃, 35 ℃, 36 ℃, 37 ℃, 38 ℃, 39 ℃, 40 ℃ and the like; preferably, the temperature of the transformation crystallization is 10 to 30 ℃, i.e., 10 ℃, 11 ℃, 12 ℃, 13 ℃, 14 ℃, 15 ℃, 16 ℃, 17 ℃, 18 ℃, 19 ℃, 20 ℃, 21 ℃, 22 ℃, 23 ℃, 24 ℃, 25 ℃, 26 ℃, 27 ℃, 28 ℃, 29 ℃, 30 ℃ and the like.
In the process of conversion crystallization, a salting-out agent can be selectively added, and the reaction time is 10 min-5 h, namely 10min, 20min, 30min, 40min, 50min, 1h, 70min, 80min, 90min, 100min, 110min, 2h, 130min, 140min, 150min, 160min, 170min, 3h, 190min, 200min, 210min, 220min, 230min, 4h, 250min, 260min, 270min, 280min, 290min and 5 h; preferably, the salting-out agent is an electrolyte solution, which may be a sulfate solution or a carbonate solution.
Sodium sulfate with a lower added value is converted into sodium bicarbonate with a higher added value, the sodium bicarbonate can be directly used as a product or heated to prepare sodium carbonate, the heating temperature can be controlled to be 50-270 ℃, and the obtained mixed solution of ammonium sulfate can be evaporated to be used as a nitrogen fertilizer or directly irrigated with liquid.
The system and the method are suitable for the mixed solution of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate with the salt content concentration of 0.1-6% in the salt-containing wastewater.
Example 1
The wastewater quality of an enterprise is as follows:
TABLE 1 Water quality of wastewater from a certain enterprise (g/L)
TDS | Na+ | SO4 2- | Cl- |
10 | 5.8 | 7.9 | 3.2 |
After nanofiltration to separate salt, the Cl content in fresh water is measured-The content is 3.1 g/L, the sulfate radical content on the concentrated water side is 30 g/L, the concentration of hydrochloric acid produced by bipolar membrane electrodialysis is 7%, the concentration of sodium hydroxide produced can reach 7%, the solubility of sodium sulfate is evaporated to 30% by evaporation on the concentrated water side, ammonium bicarbonate solid is added according to the molar ratio of ammonium bicarbonate to sodium sulfate being 2:1, the recovery rate of the obtained sodium bicarbonate is 90%, the heating temperature is controlled to be 150 ℃, and the yield of sodium carbonate is 95%.
Example 2
The wastewater quality of an enterprise is as follows:
TABLE 1 Water quality of wastewater from a certain enterprise (g/L)
TDS | Na+ | SO4 2- | Cl- |
40 | 23.4 | 32.1 | 12.8 |
After nanofiltration to separate salt, the Cl content in fresh water is measured-The content of 11.8 g/L, the sulfate radical content of the concentrated water side is 50 g/L, the concentration of hydrochloric acid produced by bipolar membrane electrodialysis is 5%, the concentration of a sodium hydroxide solution can reach 6%, the solubility of sodium sulfate is evaporated to 20% by evaporation of the concentrated water side, ammonium bicarbonate solid is added according to the molar ratio of ammonium bicarbonate to sodium sulfate being 1:1, the recovery rate of the obtained sodium bicarbonate is 85%, the heating temperature is controlled to be 270 ℃, and the yield of sodium carbonate is 99%.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated in detail by the above examples, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed methods, i.e. it is not meant that the present invention must rely on the above detailed methods for its implementation. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A zero-emission treatment system for salt-containing wastewater is characterized by comprising a nanofiltration unit (1), a bipolar membrane electrodialysis unit (2) and a conversion crystallization unit (3); and a fresh water outlet of the nanofiltration unit (1) is connected with the bipolar membrane electrodialysis unit (2), and a concentrated water outlet is connected with the conversion crystallization unit (3).
2. The treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the system further comprises a concentration device (4), wherein the nanofiltration unit (1) is connected with a concentrated water outlet of the concentration device (4), and the concentration device (4) is connected with the conversion crystallization unit (3).
3. The treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the conversion crystallization unit (3) is provided with a stirring device and a solid-liquid separation device;
the solid-liquid separation device is mainly used for separating sodium bicarbonate crystals from liquid and is one of normal pressure filtration, reduced pressure filtration, pressure filtration or centrifugation;
the filtration selection equipment is one of suction filtration, plate-and-frame filter pressing, precise filtration, bag filters or centrifuges.
4. A treatment method using the system of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the salt-containing wastewater is first fed into a nanofiltration unit for salt separation treatment, fresh water is fed into a bipolar membrane electrodialysis unit for preparing acid liquor and alkali liquor, and the concentrated water is fed into a conversion crystallization unit to obtain a sodium bicarbonate product.
5. The treatment method of claim 4, wherein the nanofiltration unit concentrated water enters a concentration device for further concentration and then enters a conversion crystallization unit, so as to obtain a sodium bicarbonate product.
6. The process of claim 5, wherein the concentration device is one of reverse osmosis, evaporation, membrane distillation, electrodialysis, natural evaporation, or distillation under reduced pressure.
7. The treatment method according to claim 6, wherein sodium sulfate is converted into sodium bicarbonate in a conversion crystallization unit by adding ammonium bicarbonate solid or saturated solution, and the molar ratio of the sodium sulfate to the ammonium bicarbonate is 0.1: 1-1: 5.
8. The process of claim 7, wherein the temperature of the transformation crystallization is 0 to 40 ℃; preferably, the transformation crystallization temperature is 10-30 ℃.
9. The treatment method according to claim 7, wherein a salting-out agent is optionally added during the conversion crystallization, and the reaction time is 10 min-5 h; the salting-out agent is an electrolyte solution; preferably, the salting-out agent is a sulfate or carbonate.
10. The treatment method according to any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein the salt-containing wastewater is a mixed solution of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate with a salt content concentration of 0.1% to 6%.
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Cited By (2)
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CN112919503A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-08 | 攀枝花市蓝鼎环保科技有限公司 | Zero-discharge process for desulfurization wastewater and desulfurization slag |
CN115947350A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-04-11 | 北京赛科康仑环保科技有限公司 | Method for preparing sodium bicarbonate and ammonium chloride by using sodium chloride |
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