CN111498640A

CN111498640A - Braking device and elevator speed limiter comprising same

Info

Publication number: CN111498640A
Application number: CN202010489202.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 本村和彦; 胡永刚
Original assignee: Ningbo Yuanji Intelligent Technology Co ltd Suzhou Branch
Current assignee: Guangdong Jukeyuan Building Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-02
Filing date: 2020-06-02
Publication date: 2020-08-07
Anticipated expiration: 2040-06-02
Also published as: CN111498640B

Abstract

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention relates to a braking device which comprises a braking bracket, a braking block, a stop block assembly, a swing rod and a tension spring. The brake block is of an integrated structure and comprises a brake block body, a force bearing outer boss part, a hinge column, a ratchet and a limiting block. The bearing outer boss part is used for bearing the brake block on the brake bracket. The hinged column is used for realizing the connection of the oscillating bar and the brake block; the ratchet is used in conjunction with the sheave assembly to limit unidirectional rotational movement of the sheave assembly. The limiting block is matched with the stopping block component for use so as to control and change the meshing state of the ratchet and the rope wheel component. Therefore, the pawl functional part is organically kneaded on the brake block, so that the brake block has the functions of limiting the circumferential rotary motion of the rope wheel and clamping the steel wire rope, the number of the components of the brake device is effectively reduced, and the assembly difficulty is reduced. In addition, the invention also relates to an elevator speed limiter comprising the braking device.

Description

Braking device and elevator speed limiter comprising same

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of elevator manufacturing, in particular to a braking device and an elevator speed limiter comprising the same.

Background

The speed limiter is one of safety control components in an elevator safety protection system. When the elevator is in operation, no matter what reason causes the car to overspeed or even to fall, and all other safety protection devices do not work, the speed limiter and the safety tongs perform linkage action to stop the elevator car.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the braking device comprises a pawl assembly and a brake block, which are used together to brake the rope pulley assembly and the steel wire rope. In the prior art, the pawl component and the brake block are of a split design structure and are penetrated through by the aid of a brake shaft; the pawl assembly alone includes at least a pawl, a bushing, and a pin. As can be seen from the above description, the conventional pawl assembly includes many parts, which results in increased manufacturing costs of the parts and inevitably increases difficulty in assembly. In addition, the parts forming the braking device are easy to loosen and fall off after being assembled, so that the risk of braking failure is increased to a certain extent. For example: when the pin shaft inserted on the side wall of the pawl is loosened and falls off, the matching of the pin shaft and the stop block assembly fails, and the stalling and braking function of the rope pulley assembly fails. Thus, a skilled person is urgently needed to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a braking device which has simple structural design, contains fewer parts and is beneficial to the assembly process.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention relates to a brake device which comprises a brake bracket, a brake block, a stop block assembly, a swing rod, a tension spring and a guide post. The brake bracket comprises a bottom plate and a side plate. The brake block is of an integrated structure and comprises a brake block body, a force bearing outer boss part, a hinge column, a ratchet and a limiting block. And a steel wire rope groove is formed on the side wall of the outer edge of the braking block body. The bearing outer boss part is formed by symmetrically extending the front side wall and the rear side wall of the brake block body outwards so as to integrally bear the brake block on the brake support. The guide post is arranged on and fixed on the side plate in a penetrating way, and correspondingly, a guide notch matched with the guide post is arranged on the swing rod. The hinge columns are formed by outwards and symmetrically extending the front side wall and the rear side wall of the brake block body. The swing rod is assembled on the hinge column and can swing. The extension spring is connected between the hinge post and the bottom plate. The ratchet teeth are formed by extending the brake block body leftwards symmetrically so as to limit the unidirectional rotation movement of the rope wheel component. The limiting block is formed by extending the front and rear side walls of the brake block body outwards and symmetrically. The stop block assembly is hinged to the brake support to limit the position of the limiting block.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, an arc-shaped limit notch is adjacently arranged along the periphery of the force bearing outer boss part opposite to the side plate, and correspondingly, an arc-shaped limit bulge matched with the arc-shaped limit notch extends from the peripheral side wall of the side plate.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the stop block assembly comprises a stop block shaft, a stop block and a striking bolt. The stop block shaft is inserted and fixed on the side plate. The stop block is sleeved on the stop block shaft, and a limit boss is continuously and backwards extended from the rear side wall of the stop block shaft to press against the limit block. The striking bolt is fixed to the free end of the stop.

As a further improvement of the invention, the brake pad is preferably an integrally cast member, and the brake pad body is provided with a lightening hole.

As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the braking bracket is preferably an integral stamped and bent piece.

Compared with the braking device with the traditional design structure, in the technical scheme disclosed by the invention, the pawl functional part is organically kneaded on the brake block, so that the brake block has the functions of limiting the circumferential rotary motion of the rope wheel and clamping the steel wire rope, the number of the components of the braking device is effectively reduced, the assembly difficulty of the braking device is further reduced, and the reliability of the braking device in practical application is greatly improved.

Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an elevator governor that includes a sheave assembly, a lobe assembly, an electrical switch, a bracket assembly, and a braking device as described above. The rope sheave subassembly includes the rope sheave body, and it is loaded on above-mentioned bracket component. A plurality of meshing ratchets matched with the ratchets are uniformly distributed around the periphery of the rope pulley body. The pituitary assembly comprises a pituitary and a lag screw. The pituitary is arranged on the rope pulley body in a sliding way along the radial direction and follows the rope pulley body to perform synchronous rotary motion. The square head screw is arranged on the outer side wall of the pituitary. Under the action of centrifugal force, the pituity component can sequentially trigger the stop component and the electric switch.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, a columnar reset bulge continuously extends forwards from the front side wall of the stop block. In addition, the elevator speed limiter also comprises a stop block resetting device which is arranged and fixed on the bracket component and is used for resetting the motion of the stop block component. The stop block reset device comprises a stop block trigger plate, a stop block reset plate and a torsion spring. The stop block reset plate is formed by connecting an inserting installation section, a connecting section and a limiting function section in sequence. The side wall of the bracket component is provided with a through notch. The limiting function section is provided with a limiting notch for the columnar reset bulge to be placed in. The stop block trigger plate is detachably fixed on the inserting installation section and is integrally arranged in the crossing gap. The torsional spring is connected between the bracket component and the stop trigger plate.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a brake device according to the prior art.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a brake device in the prior art (with the brake bracket hidden).

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of an elevator governor of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the elevator governor of the present invention (with the bracket assembly removed).

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of part I of fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is an exploded view of the braking device in the elevator governor of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the stop block assembly of the brake rigging of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a bracket assembly in an elevator governor of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the installation position of the stop reset device of the present invention in an elevator car stop.

Fig. 10 is a front view of fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a stop reset plate of the stop reset device of the present invention.

1-a sheave assembly; 11-a sheave body; 111-engaging ratchet teeth; 2-the pituitary component; 21-pituitary; 22-lag screw; 3-an electrical switch; 4-a braking device; 41-a brake bracket; 411-a backplane; 412-side panel; 4121-arc spacing protrusions; 42-brake pads; 421-brake block body; 4211-steel wire rope groove; 422-bearing outer boss part; 4221-arc spacing gap; 423-hinge post; 424-ratchet; 425-a limiting block; 43-a stop assembly; 431-stop shaft; 432-a stop; 4321-limit boss; 4322-cylindrical reset projection; 433-striking bolt; 44-a swing rod; 441-guide notches; 45-tension spring; 46-a guide post; 5-a bracket assembly; 51-crossing the notch; 6-stop block reset device; 61-stop trigger plate; 62-stop reset plate; 621-inserting the mounting section; 622-connecting section; 623-a limit function section; 6231-a limit notch; 63-torsion spring.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In order to facilitate those skilled in the art to fully understand the technical solution disclosed by the present invention, the following detailed description will be made in conjunction with specific embodiments, and fig. 3 and 4 are schematic perspective views of two different states of the elevator governor (respectively showing a state of a bracket assembly and a state of the bracket assembly hidden from view) in the present invention, and it can be understood that the elevator governor mainly includes a sheave assembly 1, a pituitary assembly 2, an electrical switch 3, a braking device 4, and a bracket assembly 5. The sheave assembly 1 includes a sheave body 11, which is placed on the bracket assembly 5. A plurality of engaging ratchets 111 matched with the braking device 4 are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the rope pulley body 11. The pituitary assembly 2 includes a pituitary 21 and a lag screw 22. The pituitary 21 is slidably disposed on the sheave body 11 in the radial direction and follows the sheave body 11 for synchronous rotational movement (as shown in fig. 5). The lag screw 22 is disposed on the outer side wall of the pituitary 21. Under the action of centrifugal force, the pituitary assembly 2 triggers the brake 4 and the electric switch 3 in sequence.

The operating principle of the elevator speed limiter is as follows: the pituitary assembly 2 rotates along the circumferential direction of the rope pulley assembly 1, and when the rope pulley assembly 1 moves at normal speed, the pituitary assembly 2 on the rope pulley assembly is always kept at the initial position; when the elevator car is overspeed, the rope pulley assembly 1 is overspeed accordingly, so that the pituitary assembly 2 slides outwards along the radial direction of the rope pulley assembly 1 under the action of centrifugal force, and the electric switch 3 and the braking device 4 are triggered. When the electric switch 3 is hit, the motor for lifting the steel wire rope loses electric power support, so that the steel wire rope loses traction; when the braking device 4 is hit, the steel wire rope can be clamped and the rope wheel body 11 can be limited to rotate continuously, so that the speed of the displacement motion of the elevator car is limited, and the personal safety of passengers is ensured.

In the prior art, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the brake device includes a large number of parts, resulting in an increase in manufacturing costs of the parts and also inevitably increasing difficulty in assembly. In view of this, the present invention provides a solution, as shown in fig. 6, specifically as follows: the brake device 4 is mainly composed of a brake bracket 41, a brake block 42, a stop block assembly 43, a swing link 44, a tension spring 45, a guide post 46 and the like. The braking bracket 41 includes a bottom plate 411 and a side plate 412. The number of the side plates 412 is set to 2, and the side plates are symmetrically fixed to the front and rear sides of the bottom plate 411. It should be emphasized that the brake block 42 is a one-piece structure, and includes a brake block body 421, a force-bearing outer boss 422, a hinge pillar 423, a ratchet 424 and a limit block 425. The outer edge side wall of the brake block body 421 is provided with a steel wire groove 4211. The bearing outer boss part 422, the hinge column 423, the ratchet 424 and the limiting block 425 are all 2 in number and are symmetrically distributed on the front side and the rear side of the brake block body 421. The force bearing outer boss 422 is formed by extending the front and rear side walls of the brake block body 421 outwards symmetrically, so as to bear the brake block 42 on the brake bracket 41 as a whole. The guiding post 46 is inserted and fixed on the side plate 412, and correspondingly, a guiding notch 441 adapted to the guiding post 46 is opened on the swing link 44. The hinge legs 423 are formed by extending the front and rear sidewalls of the brake shoe body 421 outward symmetrically. The swing link 44 is mounted on the hinge post 423 and can swing. A tension spring 63 is connected between the hinge post 423 and the base plate 411. The ratchet teeth 424 are symmetrically extended leftward from the brake shoe body 421 to limit the above-mentioned unidirectional rotational movement of the sheave assembly 1. The limiting blocks 425 are formed by extending the front and rear sidewalls of the brake pad body 421 outwards symmetrically. The stopper assembly 43 is hinged to the stopper bracket 41 to define the position of the stopper 425. Through adopting the technical scheme, the pawl functional part is organically kneaded on the brake block 42, so that the brake block 42 has the functions of limiting the circumferential rotary motion of the rope pulley component 1 and clamping the steel wire rope, thus not only effectively reducing the number of the components of the braking device 4 and further reducing the assembly difficulty, but also greatly improving the reliability of the braking device in practical application and having very wide application prospect.

As can be seen from the above description, the brake block 42 always bears on the brake bracket 41, and when the stop block assembly 43 is triggered by the pituitary assembly 2, it needs to perform a rotational movement to achieve an engaging action of the pulley assembly 1 and a clamping action of the wire rope. In order to ensure the accuracy of the operation of the brake pad 42 and to simplify the design as much as possible, an arc-shaped stopper indentation 4221 may be provided adjacent to the side plate 412 along the periphery of the force-bearing outer boss portion 422 thereof, and an arc-shaped stopper protrusion 4121 (shown in fig. 4 and 6) corresponding to the arc-shaped stopper indentation 42221 may be extended from the peripheral side wall of the side plate 412. In the actual operation process, the arc-shaped limit protrusion 4121 is always embedded in the arc-shaped limit notch 4221, and can freely perform circumferential rotation motion, so as to realize the swing motion of the brake block 42.

As a further refinement of the structure of the above-mentioned brake apparatus 4, the stopper assembly 43 includes a stopper shaft 431, a stopper 432, and a striking bolt 433. The stopper shaft 431 is inserted and fixed to the side plate 412. The stop 432 is sleeved on the stop shaft 321, and a limiting boss 4321 is extended backward from the rear sidewall thereof for pressing against the limiting block 425. A striking bolt 433 is fixed to a free end of the stop 432 (as shown in fig. 7). Thus, when the overspeed phenomenon occurs in the elevator car, the pituitary assembly 2, which slides in the radial direction of the sheave body 1, directly acts on the striking bolt 433, so that the pressing of the limit boss 4321 against the limit block 425 provided on the brake block 42 is released, and the brake block 42 is rotated in the clockwise direction by the elastic force of the tension spring 45, thereby realizing the function of restricting the circumferential rotational movement of the sheave body 1 and clamping the wire rope.

The brake shoe 42 is preferably integrally cast in terms of reducing molding difficulty and reducing production costs. The outer bearing boss 422, the hinge post 423, the ratchet 424 and the limiting block 425 are directly molded on the brake block body 421 (as shown in fig. 6).

Further, as a further optimization of the above technical solution, a lightening hole (not shown) may be provided in the brake pad body 421, so that the overall weight of the brake pad 42 is effectively reduced, and the casting cost is also reduced to a certain extent.

Also in view of reducing the production cost, the above-described brake bracket 41 is preferably an integral stamped bent piece (as shown in fig. 6).

After the speed limiting action of the elevator car is completed, the stop block assembly 43 needs to be reset so as to be convenient for executing the next speed limiting action of the elevator car. Generally, the stop block resetting device with various design forms can be used to reset the stop block assembly 43, however, in the prior art, the stop block resetting device has a complicated design structure, is inconvenient for assembly operation, has a slightly poor sensitivity of action reaction, and is prone to "jamming", and therefore, the present invention discloses a preferred scheme for those skilled in the art to refer to, and the following are specific: the stop reset device 6 is mounted on the bracket assembly 5 for resetting the stop assembly 43. A cylindrical reset projection 4322 extends forward from the front wall of the stop 432. The stopper return device 6 includes a stopper trigger plate 61, a stopper return plate 62, and a torsion spring 63. The stop reset plate 62 is formed by connecting an inserting installation section 621, a connecting section 622 and a limit function section 623 in sequence. A through notch 51 (shown in fig. 8) is formed on the side wall of the bracket assembly 5. The position-limiting functional section 623 is provided with a position-limiting notch 6231 for the cylindrical reset protrusion 4322 to be inserted. The stop trigger plate 61 is detachably fixed on the inserting installation section 621 and is integrally inserted into the through notch 51. A torsion spring 63 is connected between the carriage assembly 5 and the stop trigger plate 61 (as shown in fig. 9-12).

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A braking device is characterized by comprising a braking bracket, a braking block, a stop block assembly, a swing rod, a tension spring and a guide post; the brake bracket comprises a bottom plate and a side plate; the brake block is of an integrated structure and comprises a brake block body, a force bearing outer boss part, a hinge column, a ratchet and a limiting block; a steel wire rope groove is formed in the side wall of the outer edge of the brake block body; the force bearing outer boss part is formed by symmetrically extending the front side wall and the rear side wall of the brake block body outwards so as to bear the brake block on the brake bracket integrally; the guide post penetrates through and is fixed on the side plate, and correspondingly, a guide notch matched with the guide post is formed in the swing rod; the hinge columns are formed by symmetrically extending the front side wall and the rear side wall of the brake block body outwards; the swing rod is assembled on the hinge column and can swing; the tension spring is connected between the hinge column and the bottom plate; the ratchet teeth are formed by symmetrically extending the brake block body leftwards so as to limit unidirectional rotation movement of the rope pulley component; the limiting blocks are formed by symmetrically extending the front side wall and the rear side wall of the brake block body outwards; the stop block assembly is hinged to the brake support to limit the position of the limiting block.

2. The brake device as claimed in claim 1, wherein an arc-shaped limit notch is adjacently arranged along the periphery of the force bearing outer boss part right opposite to the side plate, and correspondingly, an arc-shaped limit projection matched with the arc-shaped limit notch extends from the peripheral side wall of the side plate.

3. The brake apparatus of claim 1, wherein the stop assembly includes a stop shaft, a stop, and a strike bolt; the stop block shaft is inserted and fixed on the side plate; the stop block is sleeved on the stop block shaft, and a limit boss is continuously and backwards extended from the rear side wall of the stop block shaft to press against the limit block; the striking bolt is fixed to a free end of the stopper.

4. The brake apparatus of claim 1, wherein the brake pad is a one-piece casting and the brake pad body is provided with lightening holes.

5. The brake apparatus of claim 1, wherein the brake bracket is a one-piece stamped and bent piece.

6. An elevator governor, comprising a sheave assembly, a lobe assembly, an electrical switch, a bracket assembly, and a braking device of any of claims 1-5; the rope wheel assembly comprises a rope wheel body, and the rope wheel body is loaded on the support assembly; a plurality of meshing ratchets matched with the ratchets are uniformly distributed around the periphery of the rope pulley body; the pituitary assembly comprises a pituitary and a lag screw; the pituitary is arranged on the rope pulley body in a sliding manner along the radial direction and synchronously rotates along with the rope pulley body; the square head screw is arranged on the outer side wall of the pituitary; under the action of centrifugal force, the pituitary assembly sequentially triggers the stop block assembly and the electrical switch.

7. The elevator governor of claim 6, wherein a post-like return lug extends further forward from a front sidewall of the stop; the elevator speed limiter also comprises a stop block resetting device which is arranged and fixed on the bracket component and is used for resetting the motion of the stop block component; the stop block resetting device comprises a stop block trigger plate, a stop block resetting plate and a torsion spring; the stop block reset plate is formed by connecting an inserting installation section, a connecting section and a limiting function section in sequence; a through notch is formed in the side wall of the bracket component; the limiting functional section is provided with a limiting notch for the columnar resetting bulge to be placed in; the stop block trigger plate is detachably fixed on the inserting installation section and is integrally arranged in the passing notch; the torsion spring is connected between the bracket assembly and the stop trigger plate.