CN111497389A - Reinforced mixed geotextile, reinforced composite geotextile and preparation methods thereof - Google Patents

Reinforced mixed geotextile, reinforced composite geotextile and preparation methods thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111497389A
CN111497389A CN202010310774.XA CN202010310774A CN111497389A CN 111497389 A CN111497389 A CN 111497389A CN 202010310774 A CN202010310774 A CN 202010310774A CN 111497389 A CN111497389 A CN 111497389A
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China
Prior art keywords
geotextile
reinforced
pan carbon
parts
fiber
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CN202010310774.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
于沭
温彦锋
苏安双
马金龙
王小明
王国志
张强
贺佩君
郭坚强
高武刚
郝建伟
刘鹏义
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China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
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China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
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Priority to CN202010310774.XA priority Critical patent/CN111497389A/en
Publication of CN111497389A publication Critical patent/CN111497389A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
    • D01F6/92—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/58—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with nitrogen or compounds thereof, e.g. with nitrides
    • D06M11/64—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with nitrogen or compounds thereof, e.g. with nitrides with nitrogen oxides; with oxyacids of nitrogen or their salts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/16—Sealings or joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
    • B32B2037/1215—Hot-melt adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/20—All layers being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
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    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/40—Fibres of carbon

Abstract

The invention discloses a reinforced mixed geotextile, a reinforced composite geotextile and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of building materials. It includes: 40-80 parts of reinforcing fiber and 10-30 parts of modified PAN carbon fiber. The reinforced fiber mixed geotextile adopts the reinforced fiber and the modified PAN carbon fiber, and after the reinforced fiber and the modified PAN carbon fiber are subjected to needling treatment, the reinforced fiber and the modified PAN carbon fiber can be mechanically occluded or wound, so that the fibers are combined more firmly, the mechanical strength of the reinforced fiber mixed geotextile can be effectively improved, the puncture resistance and the high-speed water flow scouring resistance of the geotextile can be improved, and the soil retention performance of the geotextile material can be improved.

Description

Reinforced mixed geotextile, reinforced composite geotextile and preparation methods thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to reinforced mixed geotextile, reinforced composite geotextile and preparation methods thereof.
Background
The geotextile has the advantages of light weight, good flexibility, high strength, strong integrity and no easy decay, has the functions of reverse filtration, drainage, isolation, reinforcement, seepage prevention and the like in engineering, can improve the engineering quality, and is widely applied to the engineering fields of water conservancy, water transportation, highways, buildings and the like. The prior geotechnical anti-seepage material has the problems of low tensile strength, poor water flow scouring resistance, poor soil retention, poor anti-seepage capability, short service life and the like, and cannot meet the high requirement of anti-seepage geotextile in various projects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a reinforced mixed geotextile, a reinforced composite geotextile and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems of low tensile strength and poor water flow scouring resistance of the existing geotextile.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a reinforced hybrid geotextile comprising: 40-80 parts of reinforcing fiber and 10-30 parts of modified PAN carbon fiber.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reinforcing fiber includes: poly terephthalic acid, dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol, N-methyl pyrrolidone, ethoxylated alkylamine, dioctyl phthalate and polyaniline-coated carbon microspheres;
wherein, the molar ratio of the added amounts of the poly terephthalic acid, the dimethyl terephthalate and the ethylene glycol is 1 (1-1.5): (2-3);
the adding mass of the N-methyl pyrrolidone, the ethoxylated alkylamine, the dioctyl phthalate and the polyaniline-coated carbon microsphere is (1-3.5) wt%, (2-4.5) wt%, (1.5-3.5) wt% and (3-7) wt% of the total mass of the polyethylene terephthalate, the dimethyl terephthalate and the ethylene glycol respectively.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the reinforcing fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out esterification reaction on carbon microspheres coated with poly (terephthalic acid), dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol and polyaniline for 2-3h at the temperature of 200-250 ℃ and the pressure of 0.1-0.4MPa in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain a primary product;
(2) adding N-methyl pyrrolidone, ethoxylated alkylamine and dioctyl phthalate into the primary product, stirring and mixing uniformly, and carrying out polycondensation reaction at the temperature of 260-280 ℃ and under the pressure of 100-200MPa for 0.5-1.5h to obtain a polycondensate;
(3) the polycondensate is formed into particles, and the particles are extrusion-spun in an extruder to prepare the reinforcing fiber.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above process for modifying PAN carbon fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing PAN carbon fiber with a nitric acid solution in a ratio of 1: (1-1.5), stirring for reaction, and filtering and washing to obtain oxidized PAN carbon fiber;
(2) mixing oxidized PAN carbon fibers with activated bagasse in a ratio of 1: (0.1-0.15), adding a potassium permanganate solution with the concentration of 30-50 wt%, stirring for reaction, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the modified PAN carbon fiber; wherein the mass ratio of the oxidized PAN carbon fiber to the potassium permanganate solution is 1: (0.5-1).
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation step of the bagasse in the step (2) above includes: adding bagasse into a culture solution, adding an acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution into the culture solution, adjusting the pH to 3, adding white rot fungi, reacting at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for 36-45 h, taking out, drying and crushing to obtain modified bagasse with the particle size of 50 meshes; wherein the mass ratio of the bagasse to the culture solution to the white rot fungi is 1: (10-12): (3-5); the addition amount of the acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution is 10-20 wt% of the culture solution.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the culture solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of yeast powder, 10.4 parts of vitamin B, 1.5 parts of glucose, 1.5 parts of soluble starch and KH2PO40.2 part and MgSO4·7H20.5 part of O.
The preparation method of the reinforced mixed geotextile comprises the following steps:
mixing and opening the reinforcing fiber and the modified PAN carbon fiber, and conveyingPutting into a lapping machine, treating with the lapping machine, and transferring into a needle machine at a speed of 100 needles/cm2And (3) carrying out needling treatment on the needling density to obtain a pretreated geotextile, and after padding the pretreated geotextile into a potassium permanganate solution, washing and drying to obtain the reinforced mixed geotextile.
The reinforced composite geotextile adopts the reinforced hybrid geotextile and comprises: and the polypropylene geotextile, the reinforced mixed geotextile, the polypropylene geotextile, the polyethylene geomembrane and the polypropylene geotextile which are sequentially laid and pressed by spraying the polyester hot melt adhesive are sequentially laid.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reinforced composite geotextile is a reinforced composite geotextile with less polypropylene geotextile layers at the outermost layers.
The preparation method of the reinforced composite geotextile comprises the following steps:
mixing the polyester hot melt adhesive with water in a mass ratio of 3-4: 1, spraying the mixture on polypropylene geotextile after melting and mixing, standing for 1-3min, and pressing the mixture with the reinforced mixed geotextile under the pressure of 50-300Kgf for 1-5min, and sequentially finishing the spraying and pressing of the polypropylene geotextile, the polyethylene geomembrane and the polypropylene geotextile under the same operation.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the reinforced fiber mixed geotextile adopts the reinforced fiber and the modified PAN carbon fiber, and after the reinforced fiber and the modified PAN carbon fiber are subjected to needling treatment, the reinforced fiber and the modified PAN carbon fiber can be mechanically occluded or wound, so that the fibers are combined more firmly, the mechanical strength of the strong fiber mixed geotextile can be effectively improved, the puncture resistance and the high-speed water flow scouring resistance of the geotextile can be improved, and the soil retention performance of the geotextile material can be improved.
2. The polyaniline in the polyaniline-coated carbon microspheres adopted by the invention is a linear macromolecular material, and the viscoelasticity of the polymer can be increased when the polyaniline is blended with other reactants, so that the acting force between the polyaniline and the other reactants is increased, and the impact energy generated by impact can be absorbed in the impact process, so that the expansion of cracks generated by the impact is inhibited, and the impact strength of the carbon microspheres is increased.
3. The PAN carbon fiber adopted by the invention has ultrahigh strength, the surface activity of the modified PAN carbon fiber is improved, a plurality of pits appear on the surface, the modified PAN carbon fiber is grafted with sugarcane fiber on the surface, the interweaving is favorable for improving the strength of the PAN carbon fiber, and the sugarcane fiber has higher strength, is thick and hard, is insoluble and does not swell and can also improve the seepage-proofing effect of the geotextile.
4. The polypropylene fiber layer in the reinforced composite geotextile has high strength, impact resistance, acid and alkali resistance and good waterproof performance, and the reinforced composite geotextile has good water-proof and anti-seepage performance and can prolong the service life of the geotextile.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with embodiments, which are included to explain the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
Example 1:
the reinforced hybrid geotextile of the embodiment comprises: 40 parts of reinforcing fiber and 10 parts of modified PAN carbon fiber.
Wherein the reinforcing fibers comprise: poly terephthalic acid, dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol, N-methyl pyrrolidone, ethoxylated alkylamine, dioctyl phthalate and polyaniline-coated carbon microspheres;
wherein, the molar ratio of the added amounts of the poly terephthalic acid, the dimethyl terephthalate and the ethylene glycol is 11): 2;
the added mass of the N-methyl pyrrolidone, the ethoxylated alkylamine, the dioctyl phthalate and the polyaniline-coated carbon microsphere is 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 1.5 wt% and 3 wt% of the total mass of the poly (terephthalic acid), the dimethyl terephthalate and the ethylene glycol respectively.
The preparation method of the reinforced fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out esterification reaction on carbon microspheres coated with poly (terephthalic acid), dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol and polyaniline for 2h at 200 ℃ under the pressure of 0.1MPa in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain a primary product;
(2) adding N-methyl pyrrolidone, ethoxylated alkylamine and dioctyl phthalate into the primary product, stirring and mixing uniformly, and carrying out polycondensation reaction for 0.5h at the temperature of 260 ℃ and under the pressure of 100MPa to obtain a polycondensate;
(3) the polycondensate is formed into particles, and the particles are extrusion-spun in an extruder to prepare the reinforcing fiber.
The preparation process of the modified PAN carbon fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing PAN carbon fiber with a nitric acid solution in a ratio of 1: 1, stirring and reacting, and filtering and washing to obtain oxidized PAN carbon fiber;
(2) mixing oxidized PAN carbon fibers with activated bagasse in a ratio of 1: 0.1, adding a potassium permanganate solution with the concentration of 30 wt%, stirring for reaction, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the modified PAN carbon fiber; wherein the mass ratio of the oxidized PAN carbon fiber to the potassium permanganate solution is 1: 0.5.
wherein, the preparation of the bagasse in the step (2) comprises the following steps: adding bagasse into a culture solution, adding an acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution into the culture solution, adjusting the pH to 3, adding white rot fungi, reacting at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 36hh, taking out, drying and crushing to obtain modified bagasse with the particle size of 50 meshes; wherein the mass ratio of the bagasse to the culture solution to the white rot fungi is 1: 10: 3; the amount of acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer added was 10 wt% of the culture.
The culture solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of yeast powder, 10.4 parts of vitamin B, 1.5 parts of glucose, 1.5 parts of soluble starch and KH2PO40.2 part and MgSO4·7H20.5 part of O.
The preparation method of the reinforced hybrid geotextile of the embodiment comprises the following steps: reinforcing fibres and modificationsMixing and opening PAN carbon fiber, feeding into a lapping machine, treating by the lapping machine, and then transferring into a needle machine at a speed of 100 needles/cm2And (3) carrying out needling treatment on the needling density to obtain a pretreated geotextile, and after padding the pretreated geotextile into a potassium permanganate solution, washing and drying to obtain the reinforced mixed geotextile.
Example 2:
the reinforced hybrid geotextile of the embodiment comprises: 50 parts of reinforcing fiber and 15 parts of modified PAN carbon fiber.
Wherein the reinforcing fibers comprise: poly terephthalic acid, dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol, N-methyl pyrrolidone, ethoxylated alkylamine, dioctyl phthalate and polyaniline-coated carbon microspheres;
wherein the molar ratio of the added amounts of the poly terephthalic acid, the dimethyl terephthalate and the ethylene glycol is 11.2: 2.5;
the added mass of the N-methylpyrrolidone, the ethoxylated alkylamine, the dioctyl phthalate and the polyaniline-coated carbon microsphere is 2 wt%, 3.5 wt%, 2.5 wt% and 5 wt% of the total mass of the poly (terephthalic acid), the dimethyl terephthalate and the ethylene glycol respectively.
The preparation method of the reinforced fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out esterification reaction on carbon microspheres coated with poly (terephthalic acid), dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol and polyaniline for 2.5h at the temperature of 220 ℃ and the pressure of 0.3MPa in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain a primary product;
(2) adding N-methyl pyrrolidone, ethoxylated alkylamine and dioctyl phthalate into the primary product, stirring and mixing uniformly, and carrying out polycondensation reaction for 1h at 270 ℃ and under the pressure of 150MPa to obtain a polycondensate;
(3) the polycondensate is formed into particles, and the particles are extrusion-spun in an extruder to prepare the reinforcing fiber.
The preparation process of the modified PAN carbon fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing PAN carbon fiber with a nitric acid solution in a ratio of 1: 1.2, stirring for reaction, and filtering and washing to obtain oxidized PAN carbon fiber;
(2) mixing oxidized PAN carbon fibers with activated bagasse in a ratio of 1: 0.12, adding a potassium permanganate solution with the concentration of 40 wt%, stirring for reaction, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the modified PAN carbon fiber; wherein the mass ratio of the oxidized PAN carbon fiber to the potassium permanganate solution is 1: 0.7.
wherein, the preparation of the bagasse in the step (2) comprises the following steps: adding bagasse into a culture solution, adding an acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution into the culture solution, adjusting the pH to 3, adding white rot fungi, reacting at 33 ℃ for 40h, taking out, drying and crushing to obtain modified bagasse with the particle size of 50 meshes; wherein the mass ratio of the bagasse to the culture solution to the white rot fungi is 1: 11: 4; the amount of acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer added was 15 wt% of the culture.
The culture solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of yeast powder, 10.4 parts of vitamin B, 1.5 parts of glucose, 1.5 parts of soluble starch and KH2PO40.2 part and MgSO4·7H20.5 part of O.
The preparation method of the reinforced hybrid geotextile of the embodiment comprises the following steps: mixing and opening the reinforced fibers and the modified PAN carbon fibers, feeding the mixture into a lapping machine, treating the mixture by the lapping machine, and then moving the mixture into a needle machine at a speed of 100 needles/cm2And (3) carrying out needling treatment on the needling density to obtain a pretreated geotextile, and after padding the pretreated geotextile into a potassium permanganate solution, washing and drying to obtain the reinforced mixed geotextile.
Example 3:
the reinforced hybrid geotextile of the embodiment comprises: 60 parts of reinforcing fiber and 20 parts of modified PAN carbon fiber.
Wherein the reinforcing fibers comprise: poly terephthalic acid, dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol, N-methyl pyrrolidone, ethoxylated alkylamine, dioctyl phthalate and polyaniline-coated carbon microspheres;
wherein the molar ratio of the added amounts of the poly terephthalic acid, the dimethyl terephthalate and the ethylene glycol is 1.5: 3;
the added mass of the N-methylpyrrolidone, the ethoxylated alkylamine, the dioctyl phthalate and the polyaniline-coated carbon microsphere is 3.5 wt%, 4.5 wt%, 3.5 wt% and 7 wt% of the total mass of the poly (terephthalic acid), the dimethyl terephthalate and the ethylene glycol respectively.
The preparation method of the reinforced fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out esterification reaction on carbon microspheres coated with poly (terephthalic acid), dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol and polyaniline for 3h at the temperature of 250 ℃ and the pressure of 0.4MPa in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain a primary product;
(2) adding N-methyl pyrrolidone, ethoxylated alkylamine and dioctyl phthalate into the primary product, stirring and mixing uniformly, and carrying out polycondensation reaction for 1.5h at the temperature of 280 ℃ and under the pressure of 200MPa to obtain a polycondensate;
(3) the polycondensate is formed into particles, and the particles are extrusion-spun in an extruder to prepare the reinforcing fiber.
The preparation process of the modified PAN carbon fiber comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing PAN carbon fiber with a nitric acid solution in a ratio of 1: 1.5, stirring for reaction, and filtering and washing to obtain oxidized PAN carbon fiber;
(2) mixing oxidized PAN carbon fibers with activated bagasse in a ratio of 1: 0.15, adding a potassium permanganate solution with the concentration of 50 wt%, stirring for reaction, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the modified PAN carbon fiber; wherein the mass ratio of the oxidized PAN carbon fiber to the potassium permanganate solution is 1: 1.
wherein, the preparation of the bagasse in the step (2) comprises the following steps: adding bagasse into a culture solution, adding an acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution into the culture solution, adjusting the pH to 3, adding white rot fungi, reacting at 35 ℃ for 45 hours, taking out, drying and crushing to obtain modified bagasse with the particle size of 50 meshes; wherein the mass ratio of the bagasse to the culture solution to the white rot fungi is 1: 12: 5; the amount of acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer added was 20 wt% of the culture.
The culture solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of yeast powder, 10.4 parts of vitamin B, 1.5 parts of glucose, 1.5 parts of soluble starch and KH2PO40.2 part and MgSO4·7H20.5 part of O.
The preparation method of the reinforced hybrid geotextile of the embodiment comprises the following steps: mixing and opening the reinforced fibers and the modified PAN carbon fibers, feeding the mixture into a lapping machine, treating the mixture by the lapping machine, and then moving the mixture into a needle machine at a speed of 100 needles/cm2And (3) carrying out needling treatment on the needling density to obtain a pretreated geotextile, and after padding the pretreated geotextile into a potassium permanganate solution, washing and drying to obtain the reinforced mixed geotextile.
Example 4:
the reinforced hybrid geotextile of the embodiment comprises: 70 parts of reinforcing fiber and 25 parts of modified PAN carbon fiber.
The composition and preparation method of the reinforcing fibers were consistent with example 3, and the composition and preparation method of the modified PAN carbon fibers were consistent with example 3.
Example 5:
the reinforced hybrid geotextile of the embodiment comprises: 80 parts of reinforcing fiber and 30 parts of modified PAN carbon fiber.
The composition and preparation method of the reinforcing fibers were consistent with example 3, and the composition and preparation method of the modified PAN carbon fibers were consistent with example 3.
Example 6:
the reinforced composite geotextile of this embodiment, which employs the reinforced hybrid geotextile prepared in embodiment 3, comprises: and the polypropylene geotextile, the reinforced mixed geotextile, the polypropylene geotextile, the polyethylene geomembrane and the polypropylene geotextile which are sequentially laid and pressed by spraying the polyester hot melt adhesive are sequentially laid.
The preparation method of the reinforced composite geotextile of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
mixing polyester hot melt adhesive and water in a mass ratio of 3: 1, spraying the mixture on polypropylene geotextile after melting and mixing, standing for 1min, and pressing the mixture with the reinforced mixed geotextile for 5min under the pressure of 50Kgf, and sequentially finishing the spraying and pressing of the polypropylene geotextile, the polyethylene geomembrane and the polypropylene geotextile under the same operation.
Example 7:
the reinforced composite geotextile of this embodiment, which employs the reinforced hybrid geotextile prepared in embodiment 3, comprises: and the polypropylene geotextile, the reinforced mixed geotextile, the polypropylene geotextile, the polyethylene geomembrane and the polypropylene geotextile which are sequentially laid and pressed by spraying the polyester hot melt adhesive are sequentially laid.
The preparation method of the reinforced composite geotextile of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
mixing polyester hot melt adhesive and water according to a mass ratio of 3.5: 1, spraying the mixture on polypropylene geotextile after melting and mixing, standing for 2min, and pressing the mixture with the reinforced mixed geotextile for 3min under the pressure of 100Kgf, and sequentially finishing the spraying and pressing of the polypropylene geotextile, the polyethylene geomembrane and the polypropylene geotextile under the same operation.
Example 8:
the reinforced composite geotextile of this embodiment, which employs the reinforced hybrid geotextile prepared in embodiment 3, comprises: and the polypropylene geotextile, the reinforced mixed geotextile, the polypropylene geotextile, the polyethylene geomembrane and the polypropylene geotextile which are sequentially laid and pressed by spraying the polyester hot melt adhesive are sequentially laid.
The preparation method of the reinforced composite geotextile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing polyester hot melt adhesive and water according to a mass ratio of 4: 1, spraying the mixture on polypropylene geotextile after melting and mixing, standing for 3min, and pressing the mixture with the reinforced mixed geotextile for 1min under the pressure of 300Kgf, and sequentially finishing the spraying and pressing of the polypropylene geotextile, the polyethylene geomembrane and the polypropylene geotextile under the same operation.
The reinforced composite geotextiles of examples 6-8 are suitable for earth and rockfill dam reservoir and top meal seepage prevention engineering.
Example 9:
the preparation method of the reinforced composite geotextile of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 6, except that the reinforced composite geotextile is a reinforced composite geotextile with less outermost polypropylene geotextile layers.
The reinforced composite geotextile of the embodiment 9 is suitable for projects such as construction of a flood spillway of a silt dam, slope protection and the like.
Comparative example 1
The geotextile of this comparative example 1 was made of polyethylene terephthalate, which is commercially available.
Comparative example 2
The geotextile of this comparative example 2 was made of only reinforcing fibers without adding modified PAN carbon fibers, wherein the composition and preparation method of the reinforcing fibers were identical to those of example 3.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the composite geotextile of the present comparative example is the same as that of example 6, except that the geotextile prepared in comparative example 1 is used in the present comparative example.
Comparative example 4
The preparation method of the composite geotextile of the present comparative example is the same as that of example 6, except that the geotextile prepared in comparative example 2 is used in the present comparative example.
Results analysis 1
The geotextiles prepared in the examples 1 to 5 and the comparative examples 1 to 2 are measured for the radial rupture strength and the weft rupture strength according to the GB/T24218.3-2010 standard; the tear Strength/KN was determined according to GB/T13763-; burst strength/KN was determined according to GB/T14800-1993 with the results shown in the following table:
table 1: performance test Table for geotextiles prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 2
Figure BDA0002457743430000101
Figure BDA0002457743430000111
As can be seen from the above table, the reinforced hybrid geotextiles prepared in the embodiments 1 to 5 have significantly better properties than the comparative examples.
Results analysis 2
The reinforced geotextile prepared in example 9 and the geotextiles prepared in comparative examples 3 to 4 were applied to flexible spillway hydraulic engineering, and experimental data of smooth spillway type flood discharge were tested, and the results are shown below.
Table 2 example 9 spillway flood discharge data sheet of reinforced composite geotextile
Figure BDA0002457743430000112
Table 3 flood spillway flood discharge data table of composite geotextile prepared in comparative example 3
Figure BDA0002457743430000113
Table 4 flood spillway flood discharge data table of composite geotextile prepared in comparative example 4
Figure BDA0002457743430000114
Figure BDA0002457743430000121
As can be seen from tables 2 to 4, the reinforced composite geotextile prepared in this example 9 has excellent high-speed water flow scouring resistance compared with comparative examples 3 to 4, and the circulating water is still very clear and has no turbidity after multiple water drainage tests, and the soil at the bottom of the material maintains the original humidity and has no water leakage, so that the reinforced composite geotextile has excellent permeability resistance and puncture resistance.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (10)

1. A reinforced hybrid geotextile, comprising: 40-80 parts of reinforcing fiber and 10-30 parts of modified PAN carbon fiber.
2. The reinforced hybrid geotextile of claim 1, wherein the reinforcing fiber comprises: poly terephthalic acid, dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol, N-methyl pyrrolidone, ethoxylated alkylamine, dioctyl phthalate and polyaniline-coated carbon microspheres;
wherein, the molar ratio of the added amounts of the poly terephthalic acid, the dimethyl terephthalate and the ethylene glycol is 1 (1-1.5): (2-3);
the adding mass of the N-methyl pyrrolidone, the ethoxylated alkylamine, the dioctyl phthalate and the polyaniline-coated carbon microsphere is (1-3.5) wt%, (2-4.5) wt%, (1.5-3.5) wt% and (3-7) wt% of the total mass of the polyethylene terephthalate, the dimethyl terephthalate and the ethylene glycol respectively.
3. The reinforced hybrid geotextile of claim 2, wherein the reinforcing fiber is prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
(1) carrying out esterification reaction on carbon microspheres coated with poly (terephthalic acid), dimethyl terephthalate, ethylene glycol and polyaniline for 2-3h at the temperature of 200-250 ℃ and the pressure of 0.1-0.4MPa in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain a primary product;
(2) adding N-methyl pyrrolidone, ethoxylated alkylamine and dioctyl phthalate into the primary product, stirring and mixing uniformly, and carrying out polycondensation reaction at the temperature of 260-280 ℃ and under the pressure of 100-200MPa for 0.5-1.5h to obtain a polycondensate;
(3) and preparing the polycondensate into particles, and performing extrusion spinning on the particles in an extruder to prepare the reinforced fiber.
4. The reinforced hybrid geotextile of any of claims 1-3, wherein the modified PAN carbon fiber is prepared by a process comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing PAN carbon fiber with a nitric acid solution in a ratio of 1: (1-1.5), stirring for reaction, and filtering and washing to obtain oxidized PAN carbon fiber;
(2) mixing oxidized PAN carbon fibers with activated bagasse in a ratio of 1: (0.1-0.15), adding a potassium permanganate solution with the concentration of 30-50 wt%, stirring for reaction, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the modified PAN carbon fiber; wherein the mass ratio of the oxidized PAN carbon fiber to the potassium permanganate solution is 1: (0.5-1).
5. The reinforced hybrid geotextile of claim 4, wherein the bagasse preparation step in step (2) comprises: adding bagasse into a culture solution, adding an acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution into the culture solution, adjusting the pH to 3, adding white rot fungi, reacting at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for 36-45 h, taking out, drying and crushing to obtain modified bagasse with the particle size of 50 meshes; wherein the mass ratio of the bagasse to the culture solution to the white rot fungi is 1: (10-12): (3-5); the addition amount of the acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution is 10-20 wt% of the culture solution.
6. The reinforced hybrid geotextile of claim 5, wherein the culture solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of yeast powder, 10.4 parts of vitamin B, 1.5 parts of glucose, 1.5 parts of soluble starch and KH2PO40.2 part and MgSO4·7H20.5 part of O.
7. The method for preparing reinforced hybrid geotextile of any of claims 1-6, comprising the steps of: mixing and opening the reinforced fibers and the modified PAN carbon fibers, feeding the mixture into a lapping machine, treating the mixture by the lapping machine, and then moving the mixture into a needle machine at a speed of 100 needles/cm2And (3) carrying out needling treatment on the needling density to obtain a pretreated geotextile, and after padding the pretreated geotextile into a potassium permanganate solution, washing and drying to obtain the reinforced mixed geotextile.
8. A reinforced composite geotextile, wherein the reinforced hybrid geotextile of any of claims 1-6 is used, comprising: and the polypropylene geotextile, the reinforced mixed geotextile, the polypropylene geotextile, the polyethylene geomembrane and the polypropylene geotextile which are sequentially laid and pressed by spraying the polyester hot melt adhesive are sequentially laid.
9. The method of manufacturing a reinforced composite geotextile of claim 8, wherein the reinforced composite geotextile is further a reinforced composite geotextile that reduces the outermost two polypropylene geotextiles.
10. A method of making a reinforced composite geotextile according to claim 8 or 9, comprising the steps of:
mixing the polyester hot melt adhesive with water in a mass ratio of 3-4: 1, spraying the mixture on polypropylene geotextile after melting and mixing, standing for 1-3min, and pressing the mixture with the reinforced mixed geotextile under the pressure of 50-300Kgf for 1-5min, and sequentially finishing the spraying and pressing of the polypropylene geotextile, the polyethylene geomembrane and the polypropylene geotextile under the same operation.
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