CN111496327A - Multi-axis device for machining complex thread combined workpiece - Google Patents
Multi-axis device for machining complex thread combined workpiece Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111496327A CN111496327A CN202010365234.1A CN202010365234A CN111496327A CN 111496327 A CN111496327 A CN 111496327A CN 202010365234 A CN202010365234 A CN 202010365234A CN 111496327 A CN111496327 A CN 111496327A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
- B23G1/00—Thread cutting; Automatic machines specially designed therefor
- B23G1/16—Thread cutting; Automatic machines specially designed therefor in holes of workpieces by taps
- B23G1/20—Machines with a plurality of working spindles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
- B23G1/00—Thread cutting; Automatic machines specially designed therefor
- B23G1/44—Equipment or accessories specially designed for machines or devices for thread cutting
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-axis device for machining complex thread combined workpieces, which comprises a swing arm support, a gear box fixed at the top end of the swing arm support, a gear set arranged in the gear box, a driving shaft and a driven shaft, wherein the driving shaft and the driven shaft partially extend into the gear box and are connected with corresponding gears, a screw tap assembly connected to the bottom end of each driven shaft, and a screw tap lifting driving assembly. The invention can synchronously process the screw threads with different screw directions and different screw pitches and the screw holes with different hole surface heights, and the screw thread processing device can process the screw threads in place by one step and has simple and quick operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of multi-axis machines, in particular to a multi-axis machine for machining complex thread combined workpieces.
Background
The multi-spindle device, commonly known as a multi-hole drill, a multi-spindle drill or a multi-spindle head, is a novel hole machining device and is widely applied to the drilling and tapping machining of multi-hole parts in the mechanical industry. However, the conventional multi-axis device can only synchronously process a threaded hole of a certain specification, threaded holes with different screw directions and different screw pitches and threaded holes with different hole surfaces cannot be synchronously processed, and if threaded holes with different screw directions and different screw pitches are required to be processed, the threaded holes with different hole surface heights need to be processed in multiple steps, so that the operation is troublesome, and mistakes are easily made in the processing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a multi-axis device for machining complex thread combined workpieces, which can synchronously machine threaded holes with different spiral directions and thread pitches and threaded holes with different hole surface heights, can be machined in place in one step, and is simple and quick to operate.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a multi-axis device for machining complex thread combined workpieces comprises a swing arm support, a gear box fixed at the top end of the swing arm support, a gear set arranged in the gear box, a driving shaft and a driven shaft, a screw tap assembly connected to the bottom end of each driven shaft, and a screw tap lifting driving assembly, wherein the driving shaft and the driven shaft partially extend into the gear box and are connected with corresponding gears;
the screw tap assembly comprises a fixed position screw tap assembly and a movable position screw tap assembly, the distance between the bottom end of the fixed position screw tap assembly and the thread machining surface at the top end of the workpiece to be machined is smaller than the distance between the bottom end of the movable position screw tap assembly and the thread machining surface at the low end of the workpiece to be machined, and each movable position screw tap assembly is connected with a corresponding screw tap lifting driving assembly to realize lifting driving;
the gear set comprises a driving gear and a plurality of driven gears, the plurality of driven gears realize transmission by being meshed with the driving gear, the plurality of driven gears comprise a left-handed driven gear and a right-handed driven gear, the driving gear is of a right-handed driving gear or a left-handed driving gear structure, when the driving gear is a right-handed driving gear, the left-handed driven gear is in meshed transmission with the right-handed driving gear, the right-handed driven gear is in meshed transmission with the corresponding left-handed driven gear, when the driving gear is a left-handed driving gear, the right-handed driven gear is in meshed transmission with the left-handed driving gear, and the left-handed driven gear is in meshed transmission with the corresponding; the top end of the driving shaft is fixedly connected with a main shaft of the tapping machine, the driven shaft penetrates through the gear box and is connected with a corresponding driven gear, the driven gear cannot rotate along the corresponding driven shaft, and the driven shaft can axially move relative to the corresponding driven gear;
the screw tap lifting driving component comprises a fixed support fixed on a swing arm support, a lifting driving mechanism fixed at the top end of the fixed support, a lifting guide rail arranged on the fixed support, a sliding block embedded in the lifting guide rail, a movable support fixedly connected with the sliding block, and a swing arm of which the outer end is connected with the movable support, the top end of the movable support is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the lifting driving mechanism, the swing arm is provided with a waist-shaped hole and a threaded hole which are communicated up and down, the waist-shaped hole is adjacent to the outer end of the swing arm, the threaded hole is adjacent to the inner end of the swing arm, the bottom end of the movable support is provided with a threaded blind hole with a downward opening, the connecting bolt penetrates through the waist-shaped hole of the swing arm from bottom to top and then extends into the threaded blind hole connected to the bottom end of the movable support so as to lock and connect the movable support and the swing arm, the top end threads of the movable position screw tap assembly penetrate through the threaded holes of the swing arms and then are axially and movably connected with the corresponding driven shaft; the start and stop of the screw tap lifting driving assembly lifting driving mechanism are connected with a control mechanism of the tapping machine.
The swing arm support comprises a bottom mounting plate and a plurality of supporting rods, the bottom ends of the supporting rods are fixed on the bottom mounting plate, and the gear box is fixed at the top ends of the supporting rods.
When the number of the teeth of the left-handed driven gear is larger than that of the teeth of the right-handed driven gear, the tapping pitch of the left-handed screw tap assembly is larger than that of the right-handed screw tap assembly; when the number of the teeth of the right-handed driven gear is larger than that of the teeth of the left-handed driven gear, the tapping pitch of the left-handed screw tap assembly is smaller than that of the right-handed screw tap assembly; when the number of the teeth of the right-handed driven gear is equal to that of the teeth of the rotary driven gear, the tapping pitch of the left-handed screw tap assembly is equal to that of the right-handed screw tap assembly; the tooth number of the left-handed driven gear and the tooth number of the right-handed driven gear are determined by the pitch proportion, and the center distance of each shaft hole of the gear box is determined by the tooth number and the modulus of the left-handed driven gear and the right-handed driven gear.
The top end of the driving shaft is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the main shaft of the tapping machine through a plum coupling.
The inner ring of the driven gear is a polygonal hole, the cross section of the driven shaft is a polygonal surface which is consistent with the polygonal hole of the inner ring of the driven gear in shape, the polygonal hole of the driven gear is in clearance fit with the driven shaft, and the driven gear cannot rotate along the corresponding driven shaft and can axially move with the corresponding driven gear.
The bottom end of the driven shaft is connected with the top end of the corresponding screw tap assembly through an upper universal joint, a transmission shaft and a lower universal joint in sequence.
The fixed position screw tap subassembly and the activity position screw tap subassembly be a plurality of, screw tap lift drive assembly be the multiunit, every screw tap lift drive assembly of group all is connected the drive with the activity position screw tap subassembly that corresponds.
The lifting driving mechanism adopts a cylinder.
The bottom of screw tap lift drive assembly fixed bolster be fixed in swing arm support's bottom mounting panel on, screw tap lift drive assembly's movable support be located the outside that corresponds activity position screw tap subassembly, the outer end locking of swing arm connect on movable support, the inner of swing arm extends to the activity position screw tap subassembly that corresponds.
The arrangement structures of the left-handed screw tap assembly and the right-handed screw tap assembly are arranged according to the arrangement of the complex threaded holes of the workpiece to be processed.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the left-handed and right-handed tapping device has the advantages that the purpose of left-handed and right-handed screwing of a plurality of screw tap assemblies is achieved by adopting gear sets combined in different meshing modes, the structure is simple, and synchronous left-handed and right-handed tapping is quick and accurate;
(2) the left-handed driven gear and the right-handed driven gear with different tooth numbers are adopted to respectively drive the corresponding screw tap assemblies to tap, so that the purpose of processing a plurality of threaded holes with different pitches by the plurality of screw tap assemblies is achieved, the structure is simple, and the synchronous processing of the threaded holes with different pitches is rapid and accurate;
(3) when the movable-position screw tap assembly is assembled, the top end of the driven shaft is arranged at the same horizontal height, the installation is simple, the accuracy and the precision are easy to control, the movable-position screw tap assembly is driven to move downwards for a set distance by adopting the plurality of screw tap lifting driving assemblies, the purpose that the hole surfaces of the movable-position screw tap assembly and the fixed-position screw tap assembly are different in height is achieved, the operation is simple, manual interference is not needed, and the tapping is quick and accurate;
(4) the screw tap lifting driving assembly and the tapping machine are driven synchronously, when the tapping machine starts tapping operation, the screw tap lifting driving assembly rapidly drives the movable screw tap assembly to move downwards for a set distance, then the tapping machine is driven to drive the whole multi-shaft machine to move downwards for tapping operation, synchronous linkage is achieved, and drilling is rapid and accurate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a complex thread combined workpiece according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the lower tap assembly in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a layout of gear sets in a gearbox according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the low level tap assembly of the present invention connected to a driven shaft.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a tap lift drive assembly coupled to a swing arm support in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a top view of a swing arm of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the complex thread combined workpiece to be machined in the embodiment comprises four U-turn 6-32 thread drilling holes 01 with the thread pitch of 0.8 and two U-turn 10-24 thread drilling holes 02 with the thread pitch of 1.05.
Referring to fig. 2-6, the multi-axis device for machining complex thread combined workpieces comprises a swing arm support, a gear box 3 fixed at the top end of the swing arm support, a gear set arranged in the gear box 3, a driving shaft 4 and six driven shafts 5 which partially extend into the gear box 3 and are connected with corresponding gears, a screw tap assembly connected to the bottom end of each driven shaft 5, and two sets of screw tap lifting driving assemblies 6;
the swing arm support comprises a bottom mounting plate 1 and a plurality of support rods 2 of which the bottom ends are fixed on the bottom mounting plate 1, and a gear box 3 is fixed at the top ends of the support rods 2;
the screw tap assembly comprises two movable screw tap assemblies 7 and four fixed screw tap assemblies, the distance between the bottom end of each movable screw tap assembly 7 and the lower-end thread machining surface of the workpiece to be machined is 20mm larger than the distance between the bottom end of each fixed screw tap assembly and the top-end thread machining surface of the workpiece to be machined, and each movable screw tap assembly 7 is connected with a corresponding screw tap lifting driving assembly 6 to realize lifting driving;
the gear set comprises a 40-tooth right-handed driving gear 8 and six driven gears, the six driven gears comprise two 53-tooth left-handed driven gears 91 and four 40-tooth right-handed driven gears 92, the two left-handed driven gears 91 are in meshing transmission with the 40-tooth right-handed driving gear 8, every two right-handed driven gears 92 are in meshing transmission with one corresponding left-handed driven gear 91, the top end of the driving shaft 4 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the main shaft 11 of the tapping machine through a plum blossom coupling 10, the bottom end of the driving shaft 4 penetrates through the gear box 3 and is fixedly connected with the driving gear 8, the bottom end of the driven shaft 5 penetrates through the gear box 3 and is connected with the corresponding driven gear (the left-handed driven gear 91 or the right-handed driven gear 92), the inner rings of the six driven gears are hexagonal holes, the cross section of the driven shaft 5 is a hexagonal surface which is in accordance with the polygonal shape of the driven, the driven gear cannot rotate along the corresponding driven shaft 5, the driven shaft 5 can axially move relative to the corresponding driven gear, and the bottom end of the driven shaft 5 is connected with the top end of the corresponding screw tap assembly sequentially through an upper universal joint 12, a transmission shaft 13 and a lower universal joint 14;
the two groups of screw tap lifting driving assemblies 6 respectively comprise a fixed support 61 with the bottom end fixed on a mounting plate 1 at the bottom of a swing arm support, an air cylinder 62 fixed at the top end of the fixed support 61, a lifting guide rail arranged on the fixed support 61, a sliding block 63 embedded in the lifting guide rail, a movable support 64 fixedly connected with the sliding block 63, and a swing arm 65 with the outer end connected with the movable support 64, wherein the top end of the movable support 64 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the air cylinder 62, the swing arm 65 is provided with a waist-shaped hole 66 and a threaded hole 67 which are vertically communicated, the waist-shaped hole 66 is adjacent to the outer end of the swing arm 65, the threaded hole 67 is adjacent to the inner end of the swing arm 65, the bottom end of the movable support 64 is provided with two threaded blind holes 68 with downward openings, a connecting bolt penetrates through the waist-shaped hole 66 of the swing arm 65, the top end thread of the movable position tap component 7 penetrates through the threaded hole 67 of the swing arm and then is axially and movably connected with the driven shaft 5 driven by the left-handed driven gear 91 through the lower universal joint 14, the transmission shaft 13 and the upper universal joint 12; the start and stop control end of the screw tap lifting driving assembly cylinder 62 is connected with a control mechanism of the tapping machine.
When the tapping machine starts tapping operation, the air cylinder 62 of the tap lifting driving assembly rapidly drives the movable support 64 to move downwards by 20mm along the lifting guide rail on the fixed support 61, meanwhile, the movable support 64 drives the movable position tap assembly 7 to move downwards by 20mm through the movable arm 65, so that the distance between the bottom end of the movable position tap assembly 7 and the top thread processing surface of the workpiece to be processed is as large as the distance between the bottom end of the fixed position tap assembly and the top thread processing surface of the workpiece to be processed, then the tapping machine is driven to drive the whole multi-spindle machine to move downwards to perform tapping operation, and the tapping forming of four American right-handed 6-32 threaded (thread pitch 0.8) drill holes 01 and two American left-handed 10-24 threaded drill holes 02 (thread pitch 1.05) is realized, the synchronous linkage is realized, and the drilling is rapid.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-axis machine for complex thread combined workpiece processing is characterized in that: the automatic screw tap lifting device comprises a swing arm support, a gear box fixed at the top end of the swing arm support, a gear set arranged in the gear box, a driving shaft and a driven shaft, a screw tap assembly and a screw tap lifting driving assembly, wherein the driving shaft and the driven shaft partially extend into the gear box and are connected with corresponding gears;
the screw tap assembly comprises a fixed position screw tap assembly and a movable position screw tap assembly, the distance between the bottom end of the fixed position screw tap assembly and the thread machining surface at the top end of the workpiece to be machined is smaller than the distance between the bottom end of the movable position screw tap assembly and the thread machining surface at the low end of the workpiece to be machined, and each movable position screw tap assembly is connected with a corresponding screw tap lifting driving assembly to realize lifting driving;
the gear set comprises a driving gear and a plurality of driven gears, the plurality of driven gears realize transmission by being meshed with the driving gear, the plurality of driven gears comprise a left-handed driven gear and a right-handed driven gear, the driving gear is a right-handed driving gear or a left-handed driving gear, when the driving gear is a right-handed driving gear, the left-handed driven gear is in meshed transmission with the right-handed driving gear, the right-handed driven gear is in meshed transmission with the corresponding left-handed driven gear, when the driving gear is a left-handed driving gear, the right-handed driven gear is in meshed transmission with the left-handed driving gear, and the left-handed driven gear is in meshed transmission with the corresponding right; the top end of the driving shaft is fixedly connected with a main shaft of the tapping machine, the driven shaft penetrates through the gear box and is connected with a corresponding driven gear, the driven gear cannot rotate along the corresponding driven shaft, and the driven shaft can axially move relative to the corresponding driven gear;
the screw tap lifting driving component comprises a fixed support fixed on a swing arm support, a lifting driving mechanism fixed at the top end of the fixed support, a lifting guide rail arranged on the fixed support, a sliding block embedded in the lifting guide rail, a movable support fixedly connected with the sliding block, and a swing arm of which the outer end is connected with the movable support, the top end of the movable support is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the lifting driving mechanism, the swing arm is provided with a waist-shaped hole and a threaded hole which are communicated up and down, the waist-shaped hole is adjacent to the outer end of the swing arm, the threaded hole is adjacent to the inner end of the swing arm, the bottom end of the movable support is provided with a threaded blind hole with a downward opening, the connecting bolt penetrates through the waist-shaped hole of the swing arm from bottom to top and then extends into the threaded blind hole connected to the bottom end of the movable support so as to lock and connect the movable support and the swing arm, the top end threads of the movable position screw tap assembly penetrate through the threaded holes of the swing arms and then are axially and movably connected with the corresponding driven shaft; the start-stop control end of the screw tap lifting driving assembly lifting driving mechanism is connected with a control mechanism of the tapping machine.
2. A multi-axis machine for machining complex threaded composite workpieces according to claim 1, wherein: the swing arm support comprises a bottom mounting plate and a plurality of supporting rods, the bottom ends of the supporting rods are fixed on the bottom mounting plate, and the gear box is fixed at the top ends of the supporting rods.
3. A multi-axis machine for machining complex threaded composite workpieces according to claim 1, wherein: when the number of the teeth of the left-handed driven gear is larger than that of the teeth of the right-handed driven gear, the tapping pitch of the left-handed screw tap assembly is larger than that of the right-handed screw tap assembly; when the number of the teeth of the right-handed driven gear is larger than that of the teeth of the left-handed driven gear, the tapping pitch of the left-handed screw tap assembly is smaller than that of the right-handed screw tap assembly; when the number of the teeth of the right-handed driven gear is equal to that of the teeth of the rotary driven gear, the tapping pitch of the left-handed screw tap assembly is equal to that of the right-handed screw tap assembly; the tooth number of the left-handed driven gear and the tooth number of the right-handed driven gear are determined by the pitch proportion, and the center distance of each shaft hole of the gear box is determined by the tooth number and the modulus of the left-handed driven gear and the right-handed driven gear.
4. A multi-axis machine for machining complex threaded composite workpieces according to claim 1, wherein: the top end of the driving shaft is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the main shaft of the tapping machine through a plum coupling.
5. A multi-axis machine for machining complex threaded composite workpieces according to claim 1, wherein: the inner ring of the driven gear is a polygonal hole, the cross section of the driven shaft is a polygonal surface which is consistent with the polygonal hole of the inner ring of the driven gear in shape, the polygonal hole of the driven gear is in clearance fit with the driven shaft, and the driven gear cannot rotate along the corresponding driven shaft and can axially move with the corresponding driven gear.
6. A multi-axis machine for machining complex threaded composite workpieces according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom end of the driven shaft is connected with the top end of the corresponding screw tap assembly through an upper universal joint, a transmission shaft and a lower universal joint in sequence.
7. A multi-axis machine for machining complex threaded composite workpieces according to claim 1, wherein: the fixed position screw tap subassembly and the activity position screw tap subassembly be a plurality of, screw tap lift drive assembly be the multiunit, every screw tap lift drive assembly of group all is connected the drive with the activity position screw tap subassembly that corresponds.
8. A multi-axis machine for machining complex threaded composite workpieces according to claim 1, wherein: the lifting driving mechanism adopts a cylinder.
9. A multi-axis machine for machining complex threaded composite workpieces according to claim 2, wherein: the bottom of screw tap lift drive assembly fixed bolster be fixed in swing arm support's bottom mounting panel on, screw tap lift drive assembly's movable support be located the outside that corresponds activity position screw tap subassembly, the outer end locking of swing arm connect on movable support, the inner of swing arm extends to the activity position screw tap subassembly that corresponds.
10. A multi-axis machine for machining complex threaded composite workpieces according to claim 3, wherein: the arrangement structures of the left-handed screw tap assembly and the right-handed screw tap assembly are arranged according to the arrangement of the complex threaded holes of the workpiece to be processed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010365234.1A CN111496327A (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Multi-axis device for machining complex thread combined workpiece |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010365234.1A CN111496327A (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Multi-axis device for machining complex thread combined workpiece |
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| CN111496327A true CN111496327A (en) | 2020-08-07 |
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| CN202010365234.1A Pending CN111496327A (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Multi-axis device for machining complex thread combined workpiece |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113681094A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-23 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Main shaft displacement type tapping tool and tapping method |
-
2020
- 2020-04-30 CN CN202010365234.1A patent/CN111496327A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113681094A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-23 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Main shaft displacement type tapping tool and tapping method |
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