CN111495144A - Synergistic efficient denitration device and process for treating electroplating sludge sintering waste gas - Google Patents
Synergistic efficient denitration device and process for treating electroplating sludge sintering waste gas Download PDFInfo
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- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a synergistic high-efficiency denitration device for treating sintering waste gas of electroplating sludge, which comprises a powder spraying device, a bag-type dust remover, a heat storage oxidation device, a selective catalytic reduction denitration device, an induced draft fan and a wet desulfurization tower which are sequentially arranged, and further comprises a heat bypass branch, a burner for heating the heat bypass branch and a cooling fan, wherein the inlet of the heat bypass branch is communicated with the outlet at the top of the heat storage oxidation device, and the outlet of the heat bypass branch is respectively communicated with the outlet at the bottom of the heat storage oxidation device and the outlet of the cooling fan and then is connected with the inlet at the top of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device. The invention also provides a denitration process based on the denitration device. The invention has the beneficial effects that: by improving the preposed dust removal and auxiliary ammonia evaporation unit of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device, the air inlet condition of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device is improved, the denitration efficiency of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device is improved in a synergistic manner, and the ultra-low emission standard is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultralow emission treatment of electroplating sludge sintering waste gas, in particular to a synergistic efficient denitration device and process for treating electroplating sludge sintering waste gas.
Background
In recent years, air pollution in many cities in China is serious, particularly haze meteorological disasters frequently occur, human health and survival are seriously damaged, and people unprecedentedly desire to see blue sky and white clouds frequently. According to the emission standards of copper, cobalt and nickel industrial pollutants and the specific requirements of various places, the emission standards of sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and smoke dust are gradually tightened.
Because the sintering flue gas components of the electroplating sludge are complex, the sludge is not fully combusted in a sintering machine, and the tar and CO content in the flue gas is high, the existing technology of the power industry cannot be simply applied, and a proper technical route needs to be developed according to the actual conditions of the industry. At present, the domestic electroplating sludge sintering device adopts a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) process to treat nitrogen oxides in flue gas, the overall process route is that the flue gas is dedusted by a bag-type deduster, then is subjected to CO removal by a thermal storage oxidation (RTO) device and flue gas temperature elevation, then enters a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) denitration device for denitration, and finally is subjected to wet desulphurization and then is emptied, but the denitration efficiency is difficult to guarantee in the operation of the device.
The main three factors that influence denitration efficiency are:
1) because the electroplating sludge sintering flue gas contains tar, the tar is adhered to the surface of the filter bag of the bag-type dust remover during operation, and the dust removal efficiency of the filter bag is reduced; the unremoved dust part can be brought into a catalyst of a denitration device (SCR) of a subsequent unit selective catalytic reduction method, particularly heavy metal, alkali metal and other components contained in the dust cause catalyst blockage and poisoning, and the denitration efficiency is influenced.
2) The temperature of the electroplating sludge sintering flue gas generally fluctuates between 100 ℃ and 300 ℃, and the temperature interval of the medium temperature catalyst of a selective catalytic reduction denitration device (SCR) generally 300 ℃ to 400 ℃ is not satisfied, so that a heat storage oxidation device (RTO) is arranged between a bag-type dust collector and the selective catalytic reduction denitration device (SCR), on one hand, CO and VOCs in the waste gas are removed through combustion, and on the other hand, the temperature value of the flue gas is increased, and the temperature interval of the catalyst of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device (SCR) is increased. However, because the sintering flue gas temperature is unstable, the concentrations of CO and VOCs in the flue gas are also unstable, so that the flue gas temperature at the inlet of a selective catalytic reduction denitration device (SCR) is greatly fluctuated, and the denitration efficiency of the catalyst is reduced.
3) The conventional ammonia water evaporation adopts an electric heating mode, a steam heating mode or a hot air heating mode, and in consideration of energy consumption cost, 20% ammonia water is usually evaporated into 5% mixed gas. The dilution air volume is very small compared with the flue gas air volume and is less than 1 percent. Therefore, the distribution of ammonia in the catalyst area of a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) denitration device is not uniform, resulting in low denitration efficiency of the catalyst.
Therefore, it is important to research how to perform efficient denitration while treating the electroplating sludge sintering waste gas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a synergistic efficient denitration device and a process for treating electroplating sludge sintering waste gas aiming at the defects of the prior art, and solves the problem of low denitration efficiency caused by the factors such as dust (containing heavy metals and alkali metals), temperature, ammonia uniform distribution and the like in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a synergistic high-efficiency denitration device for treating sintering waste gas of electroplating sludge comprises a powder spraying device, a bag-type dust remover, a heat storage oxidation device, a selective catalytic reduction denitration device, an induced draft fan and a wet desulfurization tower which are sequentially arranged, wherein an outlet of the powder spraying device is communicated with an inlet of the bag-type dust remover, an outlet of the bag-type dust remover is communicated with an inlet at the bottom of the heat storage oxidation device, an outlet at the bottom of the heat storage oxidation device is communicated with an inlet at the top of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device, catalysts are distributed in the selective catalytic reduction denitration device at intervals along the height direction, and an inlet at the top of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device is communicated with an ammonia evaporator; an outlet at the bottom of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device is communicated with an inlet of the wet desulfurization tower through an induced draft fan, and an outlet of the wet desulfurization tower is communicated with a chimney; the device also comprises a hot bypass branch, a burner for heating the hot bypass branch and a cooling fan, wherein an inlet of the hot bypass branch is communicated with an outlet at the top of the thermal storage oxidation device, and an outlet of the hot bypass branch is communicated with an outlet at the bottom of the thermal storage oxidation device and an outlet of the cooling fan respectively and then is connected with an inlet at the top of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device.
According to the scheme, the device is additionally provided with a heat exchanger and an air pipeline for gasifying ammonia gas, the heat exchanger is arranged between the selective catalytic reduction denitration device and the induced draft fan, an outlet at the bottom of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device is communicated with a heat source channel inlet of the heat exchanger through the pipeline, and a heat source channel outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with an inlet of the induced draft fan; the air pipeline is communicated with a cold source inlet of the heat exchanger, and a cold source outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with an air inlet of the ammonia evaporator.
According to the scheme, the device is additionally provided with a flue gas heating device, the inlet of the flue gas heating device is communicated with the sintering flue gas supply pipeline, and the outlet of the flue gas heating device is communicated with the inlet of the powder spraying device.
The invention also provides a denitration process based on the denitration device, which comprises the following steps: heating the sintering waste gas to 150-180 ℃, and spraying powder to adsorb tar; then, carrying out dust removal treatment to remove heavy metals and alkali metals; enabling the dedusted waste gas to enter a heat storage oxidation device to remove volatile organic matters and combustible gas, adjusting the temperature to 340-380 ℃, and then entering a selective catalytic reduction denitration device for denitration; and the denitrated waste gas exchanges heat with air in an air pipeline through a heat exchanger to be cooled, then enters the wet desulphurization tower through a fan, and finally is exhausted through a chimney.
According to the scheme, the temperature of the air in the air pipeline is increased after the air exchanges heat with the waste gas in the heat exchanger, the air enters the ammonia evaporator to gasify the ammonia water, and the ammonia mixed gas enters the selective catalytic reduction denitration device after the gas amount reaches more than 5% of the total gas amount of the waste gas.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the heat bypass branch and the cooling fan are additionally arranged, so that the normal and stable operation of the heat accumulation oxidation device is ensured, the inlet flue gas temperature of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device can be accurately controlled, and the condition that a catalyst in the selective catalytic reduction denitration device operates in a high-activity temperature range is met;
2. the invention is additionally provided with the heat exchanger, and the ammonia water is preheated and evaporated through the waste gas, thereby not only saving electric energy and steam, but also easily realizing the improvement of dilution air quantity, improving the uniform distribution of ammonia, and improving the denitration efficiency of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device;
3. according to the invention, the flue gas heating device is additionally arranged, and the flue gas at the inlet of the bag-type dust remover is heated by the flue gas heating device, so that the temperature of the flue gas is not lower than 150 ℃, the volatilization of tar is promoted, the influence of the tar on the bag-type dust remover is solved, the dust removal efficiency is improved, and a good operation environment is created for a denitration catalyst of a denitration device of a subsequent selective catalytic reduction method;
4. the invention can be widely used for the emission of similar industrial waste gas.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-flue gas heating device, 2-powder spraying device, 3-bag dust collector, 4-heat storage oxidation device, 5-hot bypass branch, 6-cooling fan, 7-selective catalytic reduction denitration device, 8-catalyst, 9-ammonia evaporator, 10-heat exchanger, 11-induced draft fan, 12-wet desulfurization tower and 13-chimney.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the synergistic high-efficiency denitration device for treating sintering waste gas of electroplating sludge comprises a powder spraying device 2, a bag-type dust collector 3, a heat accumulation oxidation device 4, a selective catalytic reduction denitration device 7, an induced draft fan 11 and a wet desulfurization tower 12 which are sequentially arranged, wherein an outlet of the powder spraying device 2 is communicated with an inlet of the bag-type dust collector 3, an outlet of the bag-type dust collector 3 is communicated with an inlet at the bottom of the heat accumulation oxidation device 4, an outlet at the bottom of the heat accumulation oxidation device 4 is communicated with an inlet at the top of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device 7, catalysts 8 are distributed in the selective catalytic reduction denitration device 7 at intervals along the height direction, and an inlet at the top of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device 7 is communicated with an ammonia; an outlet at the bottom of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device 7 is communicated with an inlet of a wet desulphurization tower 12 through an induced draft fan 11, and an outlet of the wet desulphurization tower 12 is communicated with a chimney 13; the device also comprises a hot bypass branch 5, a burner for heating the hot bypass branch 5 and a cooling fan 6, wherein an inlet of the hot bypass branch 5 is communicated with an outlet at the top of the thermal storage oxidation device 4, and an outlet of the hot bypass branch 5 is respectively communicated with an outlet at the bottom of the thermal storage oxidation device 4 and an outlet of the cooling fan 6 and then is connected with an inlet at the top of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device 7.
Preferably, the device is additionally provided with a heat exchanger 10 and an air pipeline for gasifying ammonia, the heat exchanger 10 is arranged between the selective catalytic reduction denitration device 7 and the induced draft fan 11, an outlet at the bottom of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device 7 is communicated with a heat source channel inlet of the heat exchanger 10 through a pipeline, and a heat source channel outlet of the heat exchanger 10 is communicated with an inlet of the induced draft fan 11; the air pipeline is communicated with a cold source inlet of the heat exchanger 10, and a cold source outlet of the heat exchanger 10 is communicated with an air inlet of the ammonia evaporator.
Preferably, the device is also additionally provided with a flue gas heating device 1, the inlet of the flue gas heating device 1 is communicated with a sintering flue gas supply pipeline, and the outlet of the flue gas heating device 1 is communicated with the inlet of the powder spraying device 2.
In the invention, the equipment such as the powder spraying device 2, the bag-type dust collector 3, the heat storage oxidation device 4, the selective catalytic reduction denitration device 7, the induced draft fan 11, the wet desulfurization tower 12 and the like are all the existing equipment, and the structure and the function of the equipment are the prior art, and are not described again.
A denitration process based on the denitration device comprises the following steps:
(1) heating the sintering waste gas to 150-180 ℃, and spraying powder to adsorb tar; then, carrying out dust removal treatment to remove heavy metals and alkali metals, specifically: sintering waste gas enters the denitration device under the suction action of the draught fan 11, is heated to more than 150 ℃ by the flue gas heating device 1, and then enters the powder spraying device 2; powder for adsorbing tar is sprayed in through the powder spraying device 2, so that the bag pasting of the bag-type dust collector 3 is avoided; then enters a bag-type dust collector 3 for dust collection, and the concentration of dust at the outlet of the bag-type dust collector 3 is ensured to be lower than 10mg/Nm3Heavy metals and alkali metals in the dust are removed, and the long-term operation of the catalyst 8 in the selective catalytic reduction denitration device 7 of the subsequent process is guaranteed;
(2) the dedusted waste gas enters a thermal storage oxidation device 4 to remove volatile organic compounds and combustible gas, and enters a selective catalytic reduction denitration device 7 for denitration after the temperature is adjusted to 340-380 ℃, specifically: the waste gas after dust removal is sent to the heat storage oxidation device 4, and volatile organic compounds, CO and other combustible gases in the waste gas are destroyed within the temperature range of 800-. When the outlet flue gas temperature of the thermal storage oxidation device 4 is lower than 340 ℃, the hot bypass branch 5 is opened, and the burner is started at the same time, so as to improve the inlet flue gas temperature of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device 7; and when the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the thermal storage oxidation device 4 is higher than 380 ℃, starting the cooling fan 6 to reduce the temperature of the flue gas.
(3) The waste gas denitrated by the selective catalytic reduction denitration device 7 exchanges heat with air in an air pipeline through a heat exchanger 10 to reduce the temperature, enters a wet desulfurization tower 12 through a fan, and is finally exhausted through a chimney 13; the temperature of the air in the air pipeline is increased after heat exchange with the waste gas in the heat exchanger 1010, the air enters the ammonia evaporator 9 to gasify the ammonia water, and the ammonia mixed gas flow reaches more than 5% of the total gas flow of the waste gas and enters the selective catalytic reduction denitration device 7 so as to improve the uniform distribution of ammonia in the catalyst 8 region and improve the ammonia utilization rate and the denitration efficiency of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device 7.
In the invention:
1. heating the flue gas at the inlet of the bag-type dust collector 3 by a heating device, ensuring the temperature of the flue gas to be not lower than 150 ℃, and promoting the volatilization of tar; meanwhile, according to the content of tar in the waste gas, powder is sprayed at the inlet of the dust remover to remove the tar in the dust, and the dust is discharged through a dust collecting hopper in advance of the dust remover, so that the bag-type dust remover 3 is prevented from being adhered by the tar, the dust removing efficiency of the bag-type dust remover 3 is improved, and the concentration of the dust at the outlet of the bag-type dust remover 3 is ensured to be lower than 10mg/Nm3Heavy metals and alkali metals in the dust are effectively removed, the poisoning of the catalyst 8 in the subsequent selective catalytic reduction denitration device 7 is prevented, and the long-term operation of the device is guaranteed.
2. The waste gas after the heat recovery of the heat storage oxidation device 4 is combined with the regulation of a heat bypass and cooling air, so that the inlet waste gas temperature of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device 7 is ensured to be 340-380 ℃, and the requirement of a high-activity temperature interval of the catalyst 8 in the selective catalytic reduction denitration device 7 is met. When the temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of the thermal storage oxidation device 4 is lower than 340 ℃, the hot bypass branch 5 is opened, and the burner is started to heat the flue gas at the inlet of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device 7; and when the outlet temperature of the thermal storage oxidation device 4 is higher than 380 ℃, starting the cooling fan 6 to reduce the inlet flue gas temperature of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device 7.
3. The heat exchanger 10 is additionally arranged, and because the concentration of combustible gases such as VOCs, CO and the like in the sintering flue gas of the electroplating hazardous waste is very high, a large amount of heat is released in the heat storage oxidation device 4, and only a very small part of waste heat needs to be recycled through the heat exchanger 10, so that the ammonia water can be evaporated and diluted, and the air volume is increased by multiple times; if the ammonia gas mixture amount reaches 5% of the total gas amount, the uniform distribution of ammonia in the catalyst 8 area is obviously improved, and the ammonia ion utilization rate and the denitration efficiency of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device 7 are improved.
Claims (5)
1. A synergistic high-efficiency denitration device for treating sintering waste gas of electroplating sludge comprises a powder spraying device, a bag-type dust remover, a heat storage oxidation device, a selective catalytic reduction denitration device, an induced draft fan and a wet desulfurization tower which are sequentially arranged, wherein an outlet of the powder spraying device is communicated with an inlet of the bag-type dust remover, an outlet of the bag-type dust remover is communicated with an inlet at the bottom of the heat storage oxidation device, an outlet at the bottom of the heat storage oxidation device is communicated with an inlet at the top of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device, catalysts are distributed in the selective catalytic reduction denitration device at intervals along the height direction, and an inlet at the top of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device is communicated with an ammonia evaporator; an outlet at the bottom of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device is communicated with an inlet of the wet desulfurization tower through an induced draft fan, and an outlet of the wet desulfurization tower is communicated with a chimney; the device is characterized by further comprising a hot bypass branch, a combustor for heating the hot bypass branch and a cooling fan, wherein an inlet of the hot bypass branch is communicated with an outlet at the top of the thermal storage oxidation device, and an outlet of the hot bypass branch is communicated with an outlet at the bottom of the thermal storage oxidation device and an outlet of the cooling fan respectively and then is connected with an inlet at the top of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device.
2. The denitration device according to claim 1, wherein a heat exchanger and an air pipeline for gasifying ammonia gas are additionally arranged in the device, the heat exchanger is arranged between the selective catalytic reduction denitration device and the induced draft fan, an outlet at the bottom of the selective catalytic reduction denitration device is communicated with a heat source channel inlet of the heat exchanger through a pipeline, and a heat source channel outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with an inlet of the induced draft fan; the air pipeline is communicated with a cold source inlet of the heat exchanger, and a cold source outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with an air inlet of the ammonia evaporator.
3. The denitration device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a flue gas heating device is additionally arranged, an inlet of the flue gas heating device is communicated with the sintering flue gas supply pipeline, and an outlet of the flue gas heating device is communicated with an inlet of the powder spraying device.
4. A denitration process based on the denitration apparatus of claim 3, wherein the process comprises: heating the sintering waste gas to 150-180 ℃, and spraying powder to adsorb tar; then, carrying out dust removal treatment to remove heavy metals and alkali metals; enabling the dedusted waste gas to enter a heat storage oxidation device to remove volatile organic matters and combustible gas, adjusting the temperature to 340-380 ℃, and then entering a selective catalytic reduction denitration device for denitration; and the denitrated waste gas exchanges heat with air in an air pipeline through a heat exchanger to be cooled, then enters the wet desulphurization tower through a fan, and finally is exhausted through a chimney.
5. The denitration process of claim 4, wherein the temperature of the air in the air pipeline is raised after the heat exchange with the waste gas in the heat exchanger, the air enters an ammonia evaporator to gasify the ammonia water, and the ammonia mixed gas enters the selective catalytic reduction denitration device after the gas amount reaches more than 5% of the total gas amount of the waste gas.
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| CN202010420682.7A CN111495144A (en) | 2020-05-18 | 2020-05-18 | Synergistic efficient denitration device and process for treating electroplating sludge sintering waste gas |
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| CN202010420682.7A CN111495144A (en) | 2020-05-18 | 2020-05-18 | Synergistic efficient denitration device and process for treating electroplating sludge sintering waste gas |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112774432A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-11 | 阳新鹏富矿业有限公司 | Heat exchange system and process for SCR-RTO outlet flue gas |
| CN118001922A (en) * | 2024-04-09 | 2024-05-10 | 云南省节能技术开发经营有限责任公司 | Flue gas denitration system for treating steam by using industrial waste liquid in cooperation with biomass fuel |
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2020
- 2020-05-18 CN CN202010420682.7A patent/CN111495144A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112774432A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-11 | 阳新鹏富矿业有限公司 | Heat exchange system and process for SCR-RTO outlet flue gas |
| CN112774432B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-04-22 | 阳新鹏富矿业有限公司 | Heat exchange system and process for SCR-RTO outlet flue gas |
| CN118001922A (en) * | 2024-04-09 | 2024-05-10 | 云南省节能技术开发经营有限责任公司 | Flue gas denitration system for treating steam by using industrial waste liquid in cooperation with biomass fuel |
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