CN111494869B

CN111494869B - Small molecule gel decontaminating agent

Info

Publication number: CN111494869B
Application number: CN202010447782.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢林刚
Original assignee: China People's Police University
Current assignee: China People's Police University
Priority date: 2020-05-25
Filing date: 2020-05-25
Publication date: 2021-03-23
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-25
Also published as: CN111494869A

Abstract

The invention discloses a micromolecular gel decontaminating agent. The composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 45-55 parts of octylamine and 15-25 parts of isopropanol. The product of the invention takes isopropanol as a lubricant and toluene diisocyanate and octylamine as gel aids, wherein the isopropanol can reduce the viscosity of the rest components and is convenient for dispersion, the toluene diisocyanate and the octylamine are subjected to chemical reaction, the generated micromolecule substance is a gel, and the toluene can be wrapped by a gel skeleton generated by the reaction through hydrogen bond. The product of the invention has high reaction speed, and can achieve the curing effect within 2 minutes; the consumption of the decontamination agent is small, the decontamination agent can be solidified when the content is about 8 percent, and each parameter of a decontamination product is optimal when the content is 18 percent; the decontamination product is convenient for subsequent treatment and can be quickly recovered.

Description

Small molecule gel decontaminating agent

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of post-treatment of chemical dangerous goods leakage, and particularly relates to a micromolecule gel decontamination agent.

Background

With the rapid development of modern industry in China, toluene is used as an important chemical raw material, leakage accidents caused by various reasons frequently occur, the toluene has the characteristics of rapid flowing and volatilization, combustion and explosion when meeting heat or open fire, and great toxic action on the surrounding environment and human bodies, once the hazardous chemical substances are leaked, if the situation can not be controlled in a short time to inhibit the development, the pollution of surrounding soil water bodies is caused, and serious consequences such as casualties and even fire explosion are caused. In the process of dealing with the accidents of dangerous chemical leakage, emergency rescue teams often need to block or transfer leakage parts in time, and then must decontaminate dangerous sources or leakage areas and effectively restrain expansion of pollution areas, and the selection of a quick and efficient decontamination agent in the process is an important part for determining whether decontamination actions are successful. Therefore, it is significant and necessary to develop a green liquid organic hazardous chemical decontamination agent with pertinence and quick action.

The current disposal mode aiming at the leakage of the toluene dangerous chemicals is generally as follows: the treating personnel enter the site to treat on the premise of well protecting the personnel. Small-scale toluene leakage is absorbed by activated carbon or other inert materials, or is scrubbed by emulsion prepared from a non-combustible dispersant, and washing liquor is diluted and then put into a wastewater system. Constructing a dike or digging a pit for accommodating large-scale toluene leakage; the foam is used for covering, so that steam disasters are reduced; transferring the mixture into a tank car or a special collector by using an explosion-proof tank, and recycling or transporting the mixture to a waste treatment place for disposal; if a large amount of toluene is sprayed on the ground, sandy soil and mud blocks are used for blocking the spreading of liquid; if the water is poured into water, the dam is built to cut off the flow of the polluted water body, or the fence is used for blocking the spreading and the diffusion of the toluene; such as toluene, is sprinkled in the soil, and the contaminated soil is collected and rapidly transferred to a safety zone. However, these methods have some problems. Firstly, the dosage of the medicament required by treatment is large, and the cost is high; secondly, the treatment time is too long, and the disaster cannot be rapidly controlled; thirdly, the decontamination product may cause secondary pollution.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a small-molecule gel decontamination agent and a using method thereof.

A micromolecule gel decontamination agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 45-55 parts of octylamine and 15-25 parts of isopropanol.

The toluene diisocyanate is stored separately from the octylamine.

A method for using a small molecule gel decontaminant comprises the following steps:

(1) uniformly scattering a mixture of octylamine and isopropanol on the toluene leakage;

(2) uniformly spreading toluene diisocyanate on the toluene leakage treated in the step (1), and gradually changing the color of toluene to form gel.

Preferably, the use amount of the small molecular gel decontamination agent accounts for 8-25% of the mass of leaked toluene.

More preferably, the small molecule gel decontamination agent accounts for 18% of the leaked toluene.

Preferably, the temperature used is from 0 to 35 ℃.

More preferably, the temperature used is 22 ℃.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the product of the invention takes isopropanol as a lubricant, is liquid at normal temperature, takes toluene diisocyanate and octylamine as gel auxiliaries, and is liquid at normal temperature. The isopropanol can reduce the viscosity of other components, is convenient to disperse, and can be used for carrying out chemical reaction on toluene diisocyanate and octylamine, wherein the small molecular substance generated by the reaction is a gel, and the gel skeleton can be generated through the action of hydrogen bonds to wrap toluene. The produced gel is a nontoxic and pollution-free micromolecule substance, and is a white solid after being dried. The product of the invention has high reaction speed, and can achieve the curing effect within 2 minutes; the consumption of the decontamination agent is small, the decontamination agent can be solidified when the content is about 8 percent, and each parameter of a decontamination product is optimal when the content is 18 percent; the decontamination product is convenient for subsequent treatment and can be quickly recovered. Therefore, the treatment can be carried out quickly, efficiently, safely and environmentally after an accident occurs. So that the subsequent impact of the accident can be reduced to the maximum extent.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing that the decontamination agent wraps toluene in a gel state.

FIG. 2 shows the effect of different amounts of toluene diisocyanate and octylamine on the time to gel formation.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of the ratio of the total amount of isopropanol to toluene diisocyanate and octylamine on the amount of toluene volatilized from the formed gel.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of the amount of gel decontaminant used on the amount of toluene volatilized from a formed gel.

Detailed Description

In order that the invention may be more fully understood, reference will now be made to the following description. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

EXAMPLE 1 optimization of the amount ratio of toluene diisocyanate to octylamine

Preparing a micromolecular gel decontaminant, taking 20g of isopropanol, 85g of toluene diisocyanate and octylamine total mass, and setting the gradient of the dosage ratio of the toluene diisocyanate to the octylamine as 1: 10. 3: 10. 5: 10. 7: 10. 9: 10. 10: 9. 10: 7; 500g of toluene to be washed out was prepared and placed in a container having a surface area of 0.2 square meter, and 7 containers were arranged in total.

Uniformly mixing octylamine and isopropanol, uniformly scattering the mixture on the surface of a container, uniformly scattering toluene diisocyanate on the surface of the container, starting timing, stopping timing when the mixture in the container is in a gel state as shown in figure 1, and calculating the gel forming time(s).

The measurement results are shown in fig. 2, and the mass ratio of toluene diisocyanate to octylamine is 7: at 10, the gel formation time was the shortest, 65S.

Example 2 optimization of the ratio of the total mass of isopropyl alcohol to the total mass of toluene diisocyanate and octylamine

The amount of the isopropanol used as a dispersant influences the viscosity, mechanical properties and encapsulation rate of the final gel, and finally influences the volatilization amount of toluene in the gel.

Preparing a micromolecular gel decontamination agent, wherein the total amount is 105g, and the dosage ratio of toluene diisocyanate to octylamine is 7: 10, setting the mass ratio of isopropanol to the total mass of toluene diisocyanate and octylamine as 1: 1. 1: 2. 1: 3. 1: 4. 1: 5. 1: 6. 1: 7. 1: 8; 900g of toluene to be decontaminated was prepared and placed in a container having a surface area of 0.2 square meter, and 8 containers were arranged in total.

The octylamine and the isopropanol are uniformly mixed and then uniformly sprinkled on the surface of a container, and then the toluene diisocyanate is uniformly sprinkled on the surface of the container, when the mixture in the container is in a gel state as shown in figure 1, gel is formed.

After the gel is formed, a stainless steel suma tank (Entech company, volume of 3.2L, pressure less than or equal to 40psi, USA) with an inert coating coated inside is adopted, sampling is carried out above the gel, and the sampling step is as follows: connect an ozone adsorption tube that fills there is anhydrous sodium sulfite on the air inlet of suma jar, open the admission valve, utilize the internal and external pressure difference of suma jar, make the air that awaits measuring automatically be full of in the suma jar, close the admission valve again, transport to the laboratory and wait the preliminary treatment. The ozone adsorption tube filled with the anhydrous sodium sulfite mainly has the functions of removing ozone in air to be detected and slowing down the flow rate of air filled into the Suma tank, the ozone adsorption tube needs to be subjected to aging treatment at 200 ℃ for 120min before use so as to remove toluene in the ozone adsorption tube, and the aged ozone adsorption tube is sealed and stored by a plug. The gas that awaits measuring in the suma jar is shifted to in the toluene adsorption tube, and concrete step is on connecting toluene adsorption tube one end in the air inlet in the suma jar, and on the other end connected into mass flow meter with the Teflon pipe, even there was the aspiration pump behind the flowmeter, adjusts the velocity of flow of flowmeter and is 50mL/min, lasts to the automatic work that pauses of target volume back flowmeter, takes off toluene adsorption tube, awaits measuring.

Carrying out quantitative analysis on the gas to be detected by adopting a gas chromatography, wherein the detection conditions are as follows: temperature 260 ℃ and H₂The flow rate is 35mL/min, and the air flow rate is 350 mL/min; the data acquisition frequency was 100 Hz.

The test results are shown in FIG. 3, and the mass ratio of isopropanol to the total mass of toluene diisocyanate and octylamine is 1: when 4, the amount of toluene volatilized is minimized.

Example 3 optimum dose optimization of gel decontaminants

Preparing a micromolecular gel decontamination agent, namely dissolving 20g of isopropanol, 35g of toluene diisocyanate and 50g of octylamine in the isopropanol; toluene 1312.5 to be decontaminated (corresponding to 8% of the mass of toluene used as a decontaminant), 1050g (10%), 750g (14%), 538.3g (18%), 477.3g (22%), 403.8g (26%), 350g (30%) were each placed in a container having a surface area of 0.2 square meter, and 7 containers were set.

After the gel is formed, the detection method of example 2 is adopted to detect the toluene volatilization amount, and the detection result is shown in fig. 4, the gel decontamination agent is used in an amount of 18% of the toluene mass, so that the best effect is achieved, the toluene volatilization amount is the lowest, and the toluene volatilization amount is not reduced any more by increasing the use amount of the gel decontamination agent.

In order to describe the numerical requirements set forth in the claims of the present invention in more detail, the following examples are given as examples, other than the preferred examples, for illustrating the present invention in detail.

Example 4

Preparing a micromolecular gel decontamination agent, namely dissolving 20g of isopropanol, 35g of toluene diisocyanate and 50g of octylamine in the isopropanol; 750g of toluene to be washed out was prepared and placed in a container having a surface area of 0.2 square meter.

Example 5

Preparing a micromolecular gel decontamination agent, namely dissolving 22g of isopropanol, 36g of toluene diisocyanate, 48g of octylamine and the octylamine in the isopropanol; 480g of toluene to be washed out was prepared and placed in a container having a surface area of 0.2 square meter.

Example 6

Preparing a micromolecular gel decontamination agent, namely dissolving 18g of isopropanol, 38g of toluene diisocyanate, 55g of octylamine and the octylamine in the isopropanol; 800g of toluene to be washed out was prepared and placed in a container having a surface area of 0.2 square meter.

Example 7

Preparing a micromolecular gel decontamination agent, namely dissolving 16g of isopropanol, 32g of toluene diisocyanate and 48g of octylamine in the isopropanol; 350g of toluene to be washed out was prepared and placed in a container having a surface area of 0.2 square meter.

Example 8

Preparing a micromolecular gel decontaminant, namely dissolving 21g of isopropanol, 36g of toluene diisocyanate and 47g of octylamine in the isopropanol; 600g of toluene to be decontaminated was prepared and placed in a container having a surface area of 0.2 square meter.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. The use method of the small molecule gel decontamination agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(2) uniformly scattering toluene diisocyanate on the toluene leakage treated in the step (1), carrying out chemical reaction on the toluene diisocyanate and octylamine, wherein the small molecular substances generated by the reaction are gels, and generating a gel skeleton to wrap toluene through hydrogen bond action;

the micromolecule gel decontamination agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of toluene diisocyanate, 45-55 parts of octylamine and 15-25 parts of isopropanol; the toluene diisocyanate is stored separately from the octylamine.

2. The method of using the small molecule gel decontaminant of claim 1, wherein the small molecule gel decontaminant is used in an amount of 8-25% of the mass of the leaked toluene.

3. The method of using the small molecule gel decontaminant of claim 2, wherein the small molecule gel decontaminant is used in an amount of 18% of the mass of the leaked toluene.

4. The method of using the small molecule gel decontaminant of claim 1, wherein the temperature of use is between 0 ℃ and 35 ℃.

5. The method of using the small molecule gel decontaminant of claim 4, wherein the temperature of use is 22 ℃.