CN111489090B - Method, device and storage medium for analyzing influence of wellhead back pressure on oil well yield - Google Patents
Method, device and storage medium for analyzing influence of wellhead back pressure on oil well yield Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the specification provides an analysis method, an analysis device and a storage medium for influence of wellhead back pressure on oil well yield. The method comprises the following steps: determining pressure change conditions in the underground well shaft according to geological data and production data; determining the relationship between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield according to the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft; determining the relation between wellhead back pressure and bottom hole flow pressure according to the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft and the pressure change condition of oil flowing out from a surface wellhead into a separator; and analyzing the influence of the wellhead back pressure on the oil well yield according to the relationship between the wellhead back pressure and the bottom hole flow pressure and the relationship between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield, thereby improving the accuracy of the analysis of the influence of the wellhead back pressure on the oil gas yield.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the specification relates to the field of oil extraction production of electric submersible centrifugal pumps, in particular to a method, a device and a storage medium for analyzing influence of wellhead back pressure on oil well yield.
Background
Wellhead back pressure is an important physical quantity in the oilfield, and affects the crude oil dehydration and degassing effects, the crude oil treatment cost, and most importantly, the crude oil yield and the light hydrocarbon yield. Therefore, the method has important significance for researching wellhead back pressure.
In recent years, an electric submersible centrifugal pump (electric submersible pump) lifting technology, that is, an electric submersible pump lifting technology, has been rapidly developed. It is also widely used in oil fields. In particular, the oil extraction capacity of the oil well with high water content period is remarkable. An electric submersible pump is a multi-stage centrifugal pump that operates downhole and lifts crude oil to the surface by converting the electrical energy transferred by a cable into mechanical energy.
In the underground system lifted by the electric pump, crude oil flows upwards under the action of bottom hole flow pressure, reaches the inlet of the electric submersible pump, flows to the wellhead under the lifting action of the electric submersible pump, and the pressure after passing through the oil nozzle is wellhead back pressure. In the design stage of the electric submersible pump, the lift, the displacement and the like of the electric submersible pump are determined according to the required parameters such as wellhead back pressure and the like. In addition, in the production stage, as wellhead back pressure is increased, the displacement of the required electric submersible pump needs to be increased, and the yield can be reduced according to the working characteristic curve of the electric submersible pump, so that the production is greatly influenced.
The research at present finds that the wellhead back pressure value is higher under the action of multiple factors as the production is continuously carried out on the oilfield site. As previously mentioned, this greatly affects oil and gas production and increases the production costs of crude oil. At present, the analysis of the cause of high back pressure is mostly that the oil well is known to generate high back pressure, and the analysis is discussed through the actual production conditions (such as crude oil viscosity, ambient temperature, pipeline burial depth, stratum degassing condition and the like), but the actual conditions are generally complex, so that the analysis accuracy of the influence of wellhead back pressure on oil and gas production is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of an embodiment of the present disclosure is to provide a method, an apparatus and a storage medium for analyzing an effect of wellhead back pressure on oil well production, so as to improve accuracy of analysis of an effect of wellhead back pressure on oil and gas production.
In order to solve the above problems, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method, an apparatus, and a storage medium for analyzing an effect of wellhead back pressure on oil well production.
An analysis method of wellhead back pressure on oil well output influence is applied to an electric submersible centrifugal pump oil extraction system, and the method comprises the following steps: determining pressure change conditions in the underground well shaft according to geological data and production data; determining the relationship between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield according to the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft; determining the relation between wellhead back pressure and bottom hole flow pressure according to the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft and the pressure change condition of oil flowing out from a surface wellhead into a separator; and analyzing the influence of the wellhead back pressure on the oil well yield according to the relation between the wellhead back pressure and the bottom hole flow pressure and the relation between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield.
An analysis device for the effect of wellhead back pressure on oil well yield, applied to an electric submersible centrifugal pump oil extraction system, comprising: the first determining module is used for determining the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft according to geological data and production data; the second determining module is used for determining the relationship between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield according to the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft; the third determining module is used for determining the relation between wellhead back pressure and bottom hole flow pressure according to the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft and the pressure change condition of oil flowing out from a surface wellhead into the separator; and the analysis module is used for analyzing the influence of the wellhead back pressure on the oil well yield according to the relation between the wellhead back pressure and the bottom hole flow pressure and the relation between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield.
A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions that when executed implement: determining pressure change conditions in the underground well shaft according to geological data and production data; determining the relationship between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield according to the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft; determining the relation between wellhead back pressure and bottom hole flow pressure according to the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft and the pressure change condition of oil flowing out from a surface wellhead into a separator; and analyzing the influence of the wellhead back pressure on the oil well yield according to the relation between the wellhead back pressure and the bottom hole flow pressure and the relation between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the specification can be used for determining the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft according to geological data and production data; determining the relationship between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield according to the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft; determining the relation between wellhead back pressure and bottom hole flow pressure according to the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft and the pressure change condition of oil flowing out from a surface wellhead into a separator; and analyzing the influence of the wellhead back pressure on the oil well yield according to the relation between the wellhead back pressure and the bottom hole flow pressure and the relation between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield. According to the analysis method for the influence of wellhead back pressure on oil well production, provided by the embodiment of the specification, crude oil can flow into a shaft and then flow into a ground separation metering device from the shaft, the change condition of the pressure in the underground production well shaft and the pressure change condition of oil flowing out of the wellhead to a separator are respectively calculated, the wellhead position is taken as a joint point, underground and overground production is combined, the influence of wellhead back pressure on the production is comprehensively and systematically analyzed, and therefore the accuracy of analysis of the influence of wellhead back pressure on oil and gas production is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present description or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present description, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of analyzing the effect of wellhead back pressure on well production in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an underground wellbore and surface apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the pressure change within a sleeve according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an IPR curve of an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a wellhead to separator segment pipeline according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram of an analysis device for the effect of wellhead back pressure on well production in accordance with the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present specification, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present specification, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.
In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the main body of the method for performing the analysis of the effect of the wellhead back pressure on the oil well production may be an electronic device with a logic operation function, where the electronic device may be a server or a client, and the client may be a desktop computer, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a workstation, or the like. Of course, the client is not limited to the electronic device with a certain entity, and may be software running in the electronic device. And can also be a program software formed by program development, which can be run in the above-mentioned electronic device.
In the embodiment of the specification, the analysis method of the influence of wellhead back pressure on the oil well yield can be applied to an electric submersible centrifugal pump oil production system. The electric submersible centrifugal pump (electric submersible pump) is a multistage centrifugal pump working underground, the centrifugal pump and the submersible motor are driven into the well by an oil pipe, a ground power supply transmits electric energy to the underground submersible motor through a transformer, a control screen and a submersible cable, the motor drives the multistage centrifugal pump to rotate, centrifugal force is generated, crude oil in the well is lifted to the ground, and the electric submersible pump is rodless pump oil extraction equipment which is widely applied to various oil fields.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of analyzing the effect of wellhead back pressure on well production in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 2, the method of analyzing the effect of wellhead back pressure on well production may include the following steps.
S110: and determining the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft according to the geological data and the production data.
In some embodiments, the pressure change conditions within the subterranean well bore may include: pressure changes when the bottom hole pressure is greater than or equal to the bubble point pressure, and pressure changes when the bottom hole pressure is less than the bubble point pressure.
In some embodiments, the bottom hole pressure is greater thanOr pressure change at bubble point pressure, may include the following four segments: the pressure change condition of the bottom hole to bubble point pressure section, the pressure change condition of the bubble point pressure to suction inlet section of the pump, the pressure change condition of the pump outlet to wellhead section and the pressure change condition in the pump. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, wherein h 3 A bottom hole to bubble point pressure section; h is a 2 A suction port section for bubble point pressure to pump; h is a 1 To pump out the pump to the wellhead section.
The pressure change when the bottom hole pressure is greater than or equal to the bubble point pressure in the illustrated embodiment is described below.
In some embodiments, the pressure of the bottom hole to bubble point pressure section may be calculated according to the following equation:
wherein: p is p wf Represents the bottom hole flow pressure, p b Represents bubble point pressure ρ L3 、v L3 、D、h 3 And f 3 Representing the density, liquid flow rate, pipe diameter, height and coefficient of friction resistance in flow, respectively, of the bottom hole to bubble point pressure section.
In some embodiments, when the well fluid is above the bubble point pressure, a significant amount of gas will be evolved and the gas flow rate will be much faster than the liquid flow rate. Thus, taking into account the gas flow, the orkiszewski method can be used to calculate the bubble point pressure to the pressure of the suction section of the pump:
ρ L2 ＝ρ o (1-f w )+ρ w f w (3)
wherein R is s Represents the ratio of dissolved gasoline, ρ L2 Indicating the density of the mixed liquor, gamma o 、y ng 、M o 、ρ o 、ρ w And f w Respectively indicate the relative density and the weather of the oilThe mole fraction of gas, the effective molecular weight of the surface-degassed crude, the density of the crude, the density of water, and the volumetric water content.
Then, the density of the oil-water mixture, the viscosity of the mixed solution, the surface tension of the mixed solution, the natural gas compression factor and the like are calculated respectively, the density, the viscosity and the like of the natural gas are calculated, and then the flow pattern is judged. Taking bubble flow as an example, the results are as follows:
wherein: p is p b Represents bubble point pressure, p in Represents the inlet pressure, w, of the submersible pump t 、q g 、A p 、
h 2 、f 2 And v L2 The total mass flow of fluid, the gas volume flow, the tube cross-sectional flow area, the average pressure, the height, the coefficient of friction when flowing and the mixture flow rate from the bubble point pressure to the suction port section of the pump are shown, respectively.
In some embodiments, the pressure of the pump outlet to the wellhead section may be calculated according to the following: judging R s To the production gas-oil ratio, assuming R s If the pressure is larger than the production gas-oil ratio, the gas is not discharged, then the volume coefficient of the oil, the density of the mixed liquid, the viscosity of the mixed liquid and the like are calculated, and the pressure condition from the wellhead to the discharge end of the electric submersible pump is obtained based on the following formula:
wherein p is out Representing pump outlet pressure, p t Representing wellhead pressure ρ L1 、h 1 、v L1 And f 1 The density, height, flow rate and friction resistance coefficient of the mixed liquid from the pump outlet to the wellhead section are respectively shown.
In some embodiments, the electric submersible pump can be taken as a research object, and the pressure change condition in the pump can be analyzed, so that the following steps are obtained:
p out ＝p in +ρ L gH (6)
wherein p is out Representing pump outlet pressure ρ L Represents the density of the liquid in the suction pump, and H represents the head of the pump.
Bringing equations (1) - (5) into equation (6) yields:
and then can obtain:
wherein, the pressure change condition when the bottom hole pressure is greater than or equal to the bubble point pressure can be determined according to the formula (8).
In some embodiments, the pressure change when the bottom hole pressure is less than the bubble point pressure may include: the pressure change condition of the gas column section, the pressure change condition of the oil-gas two-phase section and the pressure change condition of the oil-gas-water three-phase. Specifically, the casing pressure can be calculated down to the bottom hole pressure in three steps. As shown in FIG. 3, the first section is a gas column section, i.e. the working fluid level reaches the wellhead, as shown at h in FIG. 3 6 A segment; the second section is the oil-gas two-phase section, i.e. the suction inlet of the pump is at the level of the working fluid, as shown at h in FIG. 3 5 A segment; the third section is the three-phase section of oil, gas and water, i.e. the position from the bottom of the well to the suction inlet of the pump, such as h in FIG. 3 4 Segments.
In some embodiments, the pressure change of the hydrocarbon-water three-phase section may be calculated according to the following manner: after the bottom hole pressure is below the bubble point pressure, the well production is now greater and a significant amount of gas begins to separate from the bottom hole. Thus, with particular attention paid to the gas flow, the orkiszewski method can be used to obtain the pressure change from bottom hole to pump intake position according to flow patterns:
wherein p is in Liquid level pressure, w, representing pump intake height t4 、q g4 、A p4 、
ρ L4 、h 4 、f 4 And v L4 The total mass flow rate, the gas volume flow rate, the pipe flow sectional area, the average pressure, the mixed liquid density, the height, the friction resistance coefficient when flowing and the mixed liquid flowing speed of the oil-gas-water three-phase section are respectively shown.
In some embodiments, the pressure change condition of the oil-gas two-phase section is calculated as follows: generally, the gas precipitation amount is not particularly large, so bubble flow and slug flow are more common, and the bubble flow is taken as an example for calculation:
wherein p is Dynamic movement Represents the pressure of the position of the working fluid level, w t5 、q g5 、A p5 、
ρ L5 、h 5 、f 5 And v L5 The total mass flow rate, the gas volume flow rate, the pipe flow sectional area, the average pressure, the mixed liquid density, the height, the friction resistance coefficient when flowing and the mixed liquid flowing speed of the oil-gas two-phase section are respectively shown.
In some embodiments, the pressure condition of the gas column section is calculated as follows: considering that the annular flow cross-sectional area is large and the air flow is generally small, the pressure loss caused by friction resistance and kinetic energy of the section is ignored. The gas column section pressure change can be expressed as:
wherein: p is p Cover Represents the casing pressure of the wellhead, h 6 、
Z 6 And gamma g6 The length, average temperature and compression factor and coefficient of the air column section under the average temperature and pressure are respectively.
It is further possible to obtain:
and according to the working characteristics of the electric submersible pump, the following steps are obtained:
H＝a-b[Q(1-f w )] 2-m (13)
where a and b are constants, which can be obtained by a least squares method based on pump characteristics, m is a constant related to flow regime, and Q is the yield.
According to formulas (5), (6), (9) - (13), it is possible to obtain:
wherein the pressure change when the bottom hole pressure is less than the bubble point pressure can be determined according to equation (14).
S120: and determining the relationship between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield according to the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft.
In some embodiments, the bottom hole pressure, also known as flow pressure or stream pressure, is the bottom hole pressure at the time of oil and gas well production. It represents the pressure remaining after oil and gas flow from the formation to the bottom of the well, and for a self-injection well, the starting pressure of oil and gas flow from the bottom of the well to the surface.
In some embodiments, the relationship of bottom hole pressure to well production may be determined from the IPR curve. Wherein the IPR Curve, the Curve representing the relation between the yield and the flow pressure is called an inflow dynamic Curve (Inflow Performance Relationship Curve) which is called an IPR Curve for short, and is also called an indication Curve (Index Curve). Specifically, the IPR curve may be plotted according to the following manner:
when the bottom hole pressure p wf Greater than saturation pressure (i.e. bubble point pressure) p b When (1):
wherein: j (J) 1 Represents the oil recovery index, q t Representing the corresponding bottom hole flow pressure p wf Total liquid production at time, q b Indicating the yield at the saturation pressure,
represents the average reservoir pressure of the well region, q omax Indicating maximum oil production.
Calculation of q from known conditions tmax ：
Wherein: q tmax Represents the maximum total yield, F w The water content is the mass water content.
Then according to the yield q t And q tmax 、q b Relationship determination p between wfw 、p wfo Further, p is calculated according to the following equation wf ：
p wf ＝(1-f w )p wfo +f w p wfw (19)
Wherein: p is p wfw 、p wfo Bottom hole flow pressure and oil respectively of waterIs a bottom hole stream pressure of (c).
In some embodiments, the IPR curve may be plotted according to formulas (15) - (19) above, as shown in fig. 4.
In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4, the IPR curve varies linearly as the bottom hole pressure is greater than the bubble point pressure. Thus, when the bottom hole pressure is greater than the bubble point pressure, the relationship of bottom hole pressure to well production may be analyzed according to the IPR curve.
In some embodiments, the IPR curve is non-linearly varied when the bottom hole pressure is less than the bubble point pressure, and there is some error in analyzing the bottom hole pressure versus production through the curve. Thus, when the bottom hole pressure is less than the bubble point pressure, the relationship of bottom hole flow pressure to well production can be analyzed according to equation (14).
S130: and determining the relation between wellhead back pressure and bottom hole flow pressure according to the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft and the pressure change condition of oil flowing out from the surface wellhead into the separator.
In some embodiments, wellhead back pressure may be determined based on pressure changes in the oil flowing from the surface wellhead into the separator, and the relationship between the wellhead back pressure and the bottom hole flow pressure may be determined based on pressure changes in the subterranean well bore and pressure changes in the oil flowing from the surface wellhead into the separator.
In some embodiments, the wellhead back pressure comprises: wellhead back pressure from the surface wellhead to the choke and wellhead back pressure from the choke to the separator. Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the wellhead-to-separator section in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be divided into two sections, namely, a surface wellhead-to-choke and a choke-to-separator. The wellhead back pressure from the surface wellhead to the oil nozzle and the wellhead back pressure from the oil nozzle to the separator can be calculated respectively.
In some embodiments, the wellhead back pressure from the surface wellhead to the wellhead may be calculated according to the following method:
before the flow in the oil nozzle reaches the critical flow, the local friction in the oil nozzle is larger and can not be ignored. While the length of the nozzle is shorter, the loss along the way is negligible. The pressure change conditions before and after the oil nozzle are as follows:
wherein p is h Represents wellhead back pressure, ζ represents local drag coefficient, v L7 Indicating the flow rate of the mixture from the surface wellhead to the choke section.
After the flow in the nozzle reaches the critical flow, the ratio of back pressure to oil pressure is about 0.5 and below, and the oil well yield is not changed along with the change of the back pressure. The following empirical formula is often used:
wherein R represents the gas-oil ratio.
In some embodiments, the wellhead back pressure of the choke to the separator may be calculated according to the following method:
wherein p is sep Representing separator pressure ρ L8 、L 8 、f 8 And v L8 The density, length, coefficient of friction during flow and velocity of the mixture flowing from the nozzle tip to the separator section are indicated, respectively.
In some implementations, it can be seen from formulas (20) and (22) that the friction loss of the wellhead to separator segment pipeline consists essentially of ζ
And->
f 8 L 8 Two parts, which are the main reasons for the high wellhead return pressure.
In some embodiments, determining the relationship of the wellhead back pressure to the bottom hole flow pressure based on pressure changes in the subterranean well bore and pressure changes in oil flowing from a surface wellhead into a separator comprises: and determining the relationship between the wellhead back pressure and the bottom hole stream pressure according to formulas (8), (14) and formulas (20) - (22).
Specifically, when the bottom hole pressure is higher than the bubble point pressure and the oil nozzle does not reach the critical flow state, the following formula can be obtained in the electric submersible pump oil extraction system:
when the bottom hole pressure is lower than the bubble point pressure and the oil nozzle does not reach the critical flow state, the following formula can be obtained in the electric submersible pump oil extraction system:
the relationship between the wellhead back pressure and the bottom hole flow pressure can be determined in different situations according to the formula (23) and the formula (24).
S140: and analyzing the influence of the wellhead back pressure on the oil well yield according to the relation between the wellhead back pressure and the bottom hole flow pressure and the relation between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield.
In some embodiments, the flow in the underground shaft and the flow in the ground gathering pipeline can be jointly analyzed to obtain the influence of the wellhead back pressure in the electric submersible pump oil production system on the oil well yield, namely, the influence of the wellhead back pressure on the oil well yield is analyzed according to the relation between the wellhead back pressure and the bottom hole flow pressure and the relation between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield.
Specifically, when the bottom hole pressure is higher than the bubble point pressure and the oil nozzle does not reach the critical flow state, in the electric submersible pump oil extraction system, the influence of wellhead back pressure on the oil well yield can be analyzed according to a formula (23); when the bottom hole pressure is lower than the bubble point pressure and the oil nozzle does not reach the critical flow state, the influence of the wellhead back pressure on the oil well yield can be analyzed according to a formula (24) in the electric submersible pump oil production system. Specifically, when the wellhead back pressure changes, the change of the bottom hole flow pressure can be determined according to the formula (23) and the formula (24), and then the change of the oil well yield can be determined according to the relation between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield.
In some embodiments, different formulas may be used to determine the relationship of bottom hole pressure, wellhead back pressure, and well production depending on whether the bottom hole pressure is above the bubble point pressure and whether the choke reaches a critical flow state. When the electric submersible pump is produced under a certain working condition, the lift is H 1 Then the wellhead back pressure p is increased due to transportation requirements h For example, the bottom hole pressure and thus the production is affected.
The embodiment of the specification can determine the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft according to geological data and production data; determining the relationship between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield according to the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft; determining the relation between wellhead back pressure and bottom hole flow pressure according to the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft and the pressure change condition of oil flowing out from a surface wellhead into a separator; and analyzing the influence of the wellhead back pressure on the oil well yield according to the relation between the wellhead back pressure and the bottom hole flow pressure and the relation between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield. According to the analysis method for the influence of wellhead back pressure on oil well production, provided by the embodiment of the specification, crude oil can flow into a shaft and then flow into a ground separation metering device from the shaft, the change condition of the pressure in the underground production well shaft and the pressure change condition of oil flowing out of the wellhead to a separator are respectively calculated, the wellhead position is taken as a joint point, underground and overground production is combined, the influence of wellhead back pressure on the production is comprehensively and systematically analyzed, and therefore the accuracy of analysis of the influence of wellhead back pressure on oil and gas production is improved. Furthermore, in the embodiment of the specification, the calculation is carried out by sections, the pressure change condition in the underground production well shaft is calculated by four sections before the bottom hole pressure is reduced to the bubble point pressure, and the bottom hole flow pressure is obtained by calculating by three sections through the casing after the bottom hole pressure is reduced to the bubble point pressure, so that the method is more in line with the specific application background and can be widely applied
The present description embodiments also provide a computer readable storage medium storing computer program instructions that when executed implement a method of analyzing an effect of wellhead back pressure on well production: determining pressure change conditions in the underground well shaft according to geological data and production data; determining the relationship between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield according to the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft; determining the relation between wellhead back pressure and bottom hole flow pressure according to the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft and the pressure change condition of oil flowing out from a surface wellhead into a separator; and analyzing the influence of the wellhead back pressure on the oil well yield according to the relation between the wellhead back pressure and the bottom hole flow pressure and the relation between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield.
In the present embodiment, the storage medium includes, but is not limited to, a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Cache (Cache), a Hard disk (HDD), or a Memory Card (Memory Card). The memory may be used to store computer program instructions. In this embodiment, the functions and effects of the program instructions stored in the computer readable storage medium may be explained in comparison with other embodiments, and are not described herein.
Referring to fig. 6, at a software level, embodiments of the present disclosure also provide an apparatus for analyzing the effect of wellhead back pressure on well production, which may include the following structural modules.
A first determination module 610 for determining pressure changes in the well bore of the subterranean well based on the geologic data and the production data;
a second determination module 620 configured to determine a relationship between bottom hole pressure and well production based on pressure changes in the subterranean well bore;
a third determining module 630, configured to determine a relationship between wellhead back pressure and bottom hole flow pressure according to a pressure change condition in the underground well shaft and a pressure change condition of oil flowing out from a surface wellhead into the separator;
and the analysis module 640 is used for analyzing the influence of the wellhead back pressure on the oil well yield according to the relationship between the wellhead back pressure and the bottom hole flow pressure and the relationship between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield.
In some embodiments, the pressure change conditions within the subterranean well bore include: pressure changes when the bottom hole pressure is greater than or equal to the bubble point pressure, and pressure changes when the bottom hole pressure is less than the bubble point pressure.
In some embodiments, the pressure change at a bottom hole pressure greater than or equal to the bubble point pressure comprises: the pressure change condition of the bottom hole to bubble point pressure section, the pressure change condition of the bubble point pressure to suction inlet section of the pump, the pressure change condition of the pump outlet to wellhead section and the pressure change condition in the pump.
In some embodiments, the pressure change when the bottom hole pressure is less than the bubble point pressure comprises: the pressure change condition of the gas column section, the pressure change condition of the oil-gas two-phase section and the pressure change condition of the oil-gas-water three-phase.
In some embodiments, the wellhead back pressure comprises: wellhead back pressure from the ground wellhead to the oil nozzle and wellhead back pressure from the oil nozzle to the separator; correspondingly, the wellhead back pressure from the surface wellhead to the choke is calculated according to the following formula:
the wellhead back pressure of the choke to the separator can be calculated according to the following formula:
wherein p is h Represents wellhead back pressure, p t Represents the surface wellhead pressure, ζ represents the local resistance coefficient, v L7 Respectively represent the flow velocity of the mixed solution, p sep Representing separator pressure ρ L8 Indicating the density of the mixed liquid of the section L 8 Representing the length of the segment, f 8 Representing the coefficient of friction resistance in flow, v L8 Mixing means the flow rate of the mixed liquor.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts of each embodiment are referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the device embodiments and the apparatus embodiments, since they are substantially similar to the method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and reference is made to the description of the method embodiments in part.
Those skilled in the art, after reading this specification, will recognize without undue burden that any and all of the embodiments set forth herein can be combined, and that such combinations are within the scope of the disclosure and protection of the present specification.
In the 90 s of the 20 th century, improvements to one technology could clearly be distinguished as improvements in hardware (e.g., improvements to circuit structures such as diodes, transistors, switches, etc.) or software (improvements to the process flow). However, with the development of technology, many improvements of the current method flows can be regarded as direct improvements of hardware circuit structures. Designers almost always obtain corresponding hardware circuit structures by programming improved method flows into hardware circuits. Therefore, an improvement of a method flow cannot be said to be realized by a hardware entity module. For example, a programmable logic device (Programmable Logic Device, PLD) (e.g., field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA)) is an integrated circuit whose logic function is determined by the programming of the device by a user. A designer programs to "integrate" a digital system onto a PLD without requiring the chip manufacturer to design and fabricate application-specific integrated circuit chips. Moreover, nowadays, instead of manually manufacturing integrated circuit chips, such programming is mostly implemented with "logic compiler" software, which is similar to the software compiler used in program development and writing, and the original code before the compiling is also written in a specific programming language, which is called hardware description language (Hardware Description Language, HDL), but HDL is not only one, but a plurality of kinds, such as ABEL (Advanced Boolean Expression Language), AHDL (Altera Hardware Description Language), confluence, CUPL (Cornell University Programming Language), HDCal, JHDL (Java Hardware Description Language), lava, lola, myHDL, PALASM, RHDL (Ruby Hardware Description Language), etc., VHDL (Very-High-Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language) and Verilog2 are most commonly used at present. It will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that a hardware circuit implementing the logic method flow can be readily obtained by merely slightly programming the method flow into an integrated circuit using several of the hardware description languages described above.
The system, apparatus, module or unit set forth in the above embodiments may be implemented in particular by a computer chip or entity, or by a product having a certain function. One typical implementation is a computer. In particular, the computer may be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular telephone, a camera phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.
From the above description of embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present description may be implemented in software plus a necessary general purpose hardware platform. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present specification may be embodied in essence or a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of the present specification.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments. In particular, for system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, as relevant to see a section of the description of method embodiments.
The specification is operational with numerous general purpose or special purpose computer system environments or configurations. For example: personal computers, server computers, hand-held or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments that include any of the above systems or devices, and the like.
The description may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The specification may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.
Although the present specification has been described by way of example, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that there are many variations and modifications to the specification without departing from the spirit of the specification, and it is intended that the appended claims encompass such variations and modifications as do not depart from the spirit of the specification.
Claims (9)
1. A method for analyzing the effect of wellhead back pressure on oil well production, characterized by being applied to an electric submersible centrifugal pump oil extraction system, the method comprising:
determining pressure change conditions in the underground well shaft according to geological data and production data;
determining the relationship between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield according to the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft;
determining the relation between wellhead back pressure and bottom hole flow pressure according to the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft and the pressure change condition of oil flowing out from a surface wellhead into a separator;
analyzing the influence of the wellhead back pressure on the oil well yield according to the relationship between the wellhead back pressure and the bottom hole flow pressure and the relationship between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield;
the wellhead back pressure includes: wellhead back pressure from the ground wellhead to the oil nozzle and wellhead back pressure from the oil nozzle to the separator;
correspondingly, the wellhead back pressure from the surface wellhead to the choke is calculated according to the following formula:
the wellhead back pressure of the choke to the separator was calculated according to the following formula:
wherein p is h Represents wellhead back pressure, p t Represents the surface wellhead pressure, ζ represents the local resistance coefficient, v L7 The flow speed of the mixed liquid from the wellhead to the choke section on the ground is represented by D, the pipe diameter is represented by p sep Representing separator pressure ρ L8 Indicating the density of the mixture from the nozzle to the separator section, L 8 Indicating the length of the nozzle to the separator section, f 8 Representing the coefficient of friction resistance in flow, v L8 Indicating the flow rate of the mixture from the nozzle to the separator section.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pressure change in the subterranean well bore comprises: pressure changes when the bottom hole pressure is greater than or equal to the bubble point pressure, and pressure changes when the bottom hole pressure is less than the bubble point pressure.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the pressure change at a bottom hole pressure greater than or equal to the bubble point pressure comprises:
the pressure change condition of the bottom hole to bubble point pressure section, the pressure change condition of the bubble point pressure to suction inlet section of the pump, the pressure change condition of the pump outlet to wellhead section and the pressure change condition in the pump.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the pressure change at a bottom hole pressure less than the bubble point pressure comprises:
the pressure change condition of the gas column section, the pressure change condition of the oil-gas two-phase section and the pressure change condition of the oil-gas-water three-phase.
5. An analysis device for the effect of wellhead back pressure on oil well production, characterized in that it is applied to an electric submersible centrifugal pump oil extraction system, said device comprising:
the first determining module is used for determining the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft according to geological data and production data;
the second determining module is used for determining the relationship between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield according to the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft;
the third determining module is used for determining the relation between wellhead back pressure and bottom hole flow pressure according to the pressure change condition in the underground well shaft and the pressure change condition of oil flowing out from a surface wellhead into the separator;
the analysis module is used for analyzing the influence of the wellhead back pressure on the oil well yield according to the relation between the wellhead back pressure and the bottom hole flow pressure and the relation between the bottom hole flow pressure and the oil well yield;
the wellhead back pressure includes: wellhead back pressure from the ground wellhead to the oil nozzle and wellhead back pressure from the oil nozzle to the separator;
correspondingly, the wellhead back pressure from the surface wellhead to the choke is calculated according to the following formula:
the wellhead back pressure of the choke to the separator was calculated according to the following formula:
wherein p is h Represents wellhead back pressure, p t Represents the surface wellhead pressure, ζ represents the local resistance coefficient, v L7 The flow speed of the mixed liquid from the wellhead to the choke section on the ground is represented by D, the pipe diameter is represented by p sep Representing separator pressure ρ L8 Indicating the density of the mixture from the nozzle to the separator section, L 8 Indicating the length of the nozzle to the separator section, f 8 Representing the coefficient of friction resistance in flow, v L8 Indicating the flow rate of the mixture from the nozzle to the separator section.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the pressure change in the subterranean well bore comprises: pressure changes when the bottom hole pressure is greater than or equal to the bubble point pressure, and pressure changes when the bottom hole pressure is less than the bubble point pressure.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the pressure change at a bottom hole pressure greater than or equal to the bubble point pressure comprises:
the pressure change condition of the bottom hole to bubble point pressure section, the pressure change condition of the bubble point pressure to suction inlet section of the pump, the pressure change condition of the pump outlet to wellhead section and the pressure change condition in the pump.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the pressure change at a bottom hole pressure less than the bubble point pressure comprises:
the pressure change condition of the gas column section, the pressure change condition of the oil-gas two-phase section and the pressure change condition of the oil-gas-water three-phase.
9. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions that when executed implement: the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
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