CN111488663B - Solving method for optimal division scheme of power distribution network cells - Google Patents

Solving method for optimal division scheme of power distribution network cells Download PDF

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CN111488663B
CN111488663B CN202010303077.1A CN202010303077A CN111488663B CN 111488663 B CN111488663 B CN 111488663B CN 202010303077 A CN202010303077 A CN 202010303077A CN 111488663 B CN111488663 B CN 111488663B
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祁晖
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State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
Taizhou Power Supply Co of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
Taizhou Power Supply Co of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/18—Network design, e.g. design based on topological or interconnect aspects of utility systems, piping, heating ventilation air conditioning [HVAC] or cabling
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    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2113/00—Details relating to the application field
    • G06F2113/04—Power grid distribution networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications

Abstract

The invention discloses a solving method of an optimal division scheme of power distribution network cells, which comprises the following steps: step 1, determining an evaluation method for the advantages and disadvantages of a division scheme of a power distribution network cell, and considering that the more concentrated the load points in the cell are, the more excellent the division scheme with fewer boundary lines of roads, railways, rivers and the like crossed by the cell is; step 2, dividing load points which are close to each other into the same cell by adopting a clustering algorithm according to a given distribution network area needing cell division and a given cell division number, and determining an initial cell division scheme according to the load points; step 3, adjusting the initial cell division scheme, reducing the number of times that the cells cross the boundary as much as possible, and ensuring the relative concentration of the load points in the cells at the same time, wherein the specific method is to find out sub-regions divided by the boundary in each cell, and if the load points contained in the sub-regions are less, the load points are considered to be classified into other cells nearby so as to reduce the number of times that the cells cross the boundary; and 4, further optimizing the preliminarily adjusted cell division scheme, and if the load points in a certain cell are not concentrated any more, classifying the load points which are far away from the geometric center of the load points in the cell into the nearby cells.

Description

Solving method for optimal division scheme of power distribution network cells
Technical Field
The invention relates to generation of an optimal division scheme of a power distribution network cell, and belongs to the field of power distribution network planning.
Background
The power distribution network planning work is reasonably carried out, and the method has great significance for guaranteeing economic, safe and reliable operation of a power grid, meeting power load development requirements and rationalizing resource allocation. The traditional power distribution network lacks unified planning and construction, so that the line power supply range is fuzzy, the contact relation is complex, phenomena such as roundabout power supply and overlong power supply radius occur, and the problem of power supply bottleneck is more and more prominent.
Aiming at the problem, students at home and abroad carry out extensive research on the distribution network planning problem. Because the domestic power distribution network is not provided with a high-reliability grid structure and a perfect fine power supply unit planning in developed countries, the domestic power distribution network at present mainly adopts a unit system planning, namely all load points in the power distribution network are divided into a plurality of unit grids. The high-quality cell division scheme is to enable the load points in each cell to be concentrated as much as possible so as to reduce the average power supply radius of the 110kV distribution transformer and avoid the situation that the cells cross the boundary lines of roads, railways, rivers and the like as much as possible. At present, a method for solving an optimal scheme for dividing the cells of the power distribution network is still lacked in related research results, so that the problems of strong subjectivity and low dividing efficiency exist in the division of the cells of the power distribution network. Therefore, an algorithm for solving an optimal cell division scheme according to the given distribution network and the number of the cells is needed to be provided, so that the rationality of the distribution network cell division is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: according to the basic principle of distribution network cell division, a method capable of generating an optimal cell division scheme according to the distribution of load points in a given distribution network and the positions of boundary lines such as roads, railways and rivers and the like and the set number of cells is provided, so that the problems of time and labor waste and strong subjectivity in manual cell division are solved, and the division rationality and the division efficiency of the distribution network cells are improved.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a solving method of an optimal division scheme of a power distribution network cell, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for solving an optimal division scheme of power distribution network cells comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining an evaluation method for the advantages and disadvantages of the division schemes of the cells of the power distribution network, and considering that the more concentrated the load points in the cells are, the more excellent the division schemes with fewer boundary lines of roads, railways, rivers and the like crossed by the cells are;
step 2: according to a given distribution network area needing cell division and a given number of cell divisions, dividing load points which are close to each other into the same cell by adopting a clustering algorithm, and determining an initial cell division scheme according to the load points;
and step 3: adjusting an initial cell division scheme, reducing the number of times that the cells cross the boundary as much as possible, and ensuring the relative concentration of load points in the cells at the same time, wherein the specific method is to find out sub-areas divided by the boundary in each cell, and if the number of load points contained in the sub-areas is less, the load points are considered to be classified into other cells nearby so as to reduce the number of times that the cells cross the boundary;
and 4, step 4: and further optimizing the cell division scheme, and if the load points in a certain cell are not concentrated any more, classifying the load points which are far away from the geometric center of the load points in the cell into the nearby cells under the condition of not crossing the boundary.
In the technical scheme, the evaluation method for the advantages and disadvantages of the distribution network cell division scheme comprehensively considers two factors of the concentration degree of load points in the cells and the number of times of crossing the boundary of the cells. Firstly, measuring the quality of each cell, measuring the concentration degree of load points by using the average distance value from the geometric center of all load points in each cell to each load point, and carrying out weighted average on the average distance value in each cell and the number of times of crossing a boundary to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value of the cell, wherein the smaller the value is, the better the cell is divided; the sum of squares of the overall evaluation values of all the cells is used as the overall evaluation value of the entire division scheme, and the lower the evaluation value, the more excellent the division scheme.
In the above technical solution, the initial cell division scheme is determined by a clustering algorithm, and first, initial centers that are the same as the number of cells to be divided are determined, and then all load points are associated with the centers closest to the initial centers, so that all load points are divided into groups that are the same as the number of cells to be divided, then the geometric centers of the load points in each group are found, and the above load point grouping and center position updating operations are repeated until the center positions are not changed. According to the principle that load points with similar positions are in the same group, the load points are divided into groups with the same number as the cells needing to be divided, and the groups are the initial cell division scheme.
In the above technical solution, the method for adjusting the initial partitioning scheme includes: firstly, finding out an area which is cut out by a boundary line and contains less than 3 load points in each cell; then, for each region, after all the load points are classified into other cells nearest to the region, the comprehensive evaluation value of the division scheme is obtained, and whether the adjusted division scheme is more optimal than before is compared, so that whether the adjustment is accepted is determined; and finally, recalculating the geometric center of the load point of each cell according to the new cell division scheme.
In the above technical solution, the method for further optimizing the adjusted partitioning scheme is as follows: firstly, the average distance from all load points to the geometric center of the load points in each cell is calculated, and the cells with overlarge distance (larger than the average value of all the cells and the difference between the average value and the standard deviation is larger than 3 times) are screened out; then, in the cells, trying to classify the load points with the distance to the geometric center larger than the average value into other cells which are nearest to the load points and do not need to cross a boundary, calculating a comprehensive evaluation value of a classification scheme obtained by optimizing each formed optimization scheme, and selecting the optimal optimization scheme for optimization according to the comprehensive evaluation value; and finally, according to the new cell division scheme, recalculating the geometric center of each cell.
Has the advantages that: the method provided by the invention can solve the optimal cell division scheme taking the load point concentration degree and the number of times of crossing the boundary of the cells as the measurement standard, thereby improving the accuracy of cell division in the power distribution network cell system planning and saving the time and labor required by manual cell division.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart for merging closely located load points using a clustering algorithm;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of adjusting cells to which a small number of load points cut out by boundaries belong;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating further optimization of the divided cells in which the load point is farther from the geometric center.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1. Firstly, evaluating the quality of the cell division scheme from two angles of the concentration degree of the load points in the cells and the number of times of cutting the cells by the boundary lines, and carrying out quantitative evaluation by the following specific steps:
(1) calculating the geometric centers of all load points in each cell, and calculating the average value from each load point to the geometric center, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps:
let m load points in the ith cell and the coordinates of the jth load point be (x)j,yj) Then the geometric center coordinates of all the load points in the ith cell are
Figure BDA0002454744520000031
The average value of the distances from each point in the ith cell to the geometric center is
Figure BDA0002454744520000032
(2) Counting the cutting times of each cell by the boundary, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
finding out the range of the abscissa of all the load points in the ith cell, and marking as [ x ]min,xmax]；
② in x ∈ [ x ] of abscissamin,xmax]Searching within the range of (2) to find the minimum and maximum load points of the ordinate among all the load points of which the abscissa is x.
Connecting all the load points with the smallest vertical coordinate found in the step II in sequence from small horizontal coordinate to large horizontal coordinate;
fourthly, sequentially connecting all the load points with the maximum vertical coordinate found in the second step according to the sequence of the horizontal coordinate from small to large;
connecting the abscissa as xminLoad points with minimum and maximum ordinate; connecting abscissa of xmaxThe ordinate is the minimum and maximum load point. Thereby forming a complete cell boundary connected by line segments.
Obtaining the number of intersection points of the boundary line of the jth boundary line and the ith cell according to the analytic geometric equation corresponding to each line segment on the boundary line of the cells, dividing the number of the intersection points by 2 to obtain the times t of cutting the ith cell by the jth boundary lineij；
Seventhly, if there are a total of one boundary line, the statistical result of the ith cell is
Figure BDA0002454744520000033
(3) Calculating the respective comprehensive evaluation value of each unit cell as
ci＝w1ai+w2bi
In the formula, w1And w2Weights for reflecting the importance of two factors, namely the load concentration degree and the cutting frequency of the cell, are respectively set according to actual requirements;
(4) calculating the sum of squares of the comprehensive evaluation values of each cell in the division scheme as the comprehensive evaluation value of the whole division scheme, namely the comprehensive evaluation value of the whole division scheme is
Figure BDA0002454744520000041
The lower the overall evaluation value is, the more excellent the partitioning scheme is. The influence caused by unreasonable cell division can be fully reflected by adopting the calculation method.
2. Then, a clustering algorithm is adopted to perform preliminary cell division according to the given number of the cells to be divided and the positions of the load points, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) note that the number of cells to be divided is n. First, the positions of n initial cluster centers are determined. The distribution density of the initial centers should coincide with the load points, i.e. the more dense the load points are, the more densely the initial cluster centers should be placed; at the same time, too close a distance of the cluster centers to each other should also be avoided. Therefore, the following method can be taken to set the position of the initial cluster center:
randomly selecting 1 point from load points as a 1 st initial clustering center;
selecting a load point farthest from the 1 st initial clustering center as a 2 nd initial clustering center;
selecting the load point with the largest distance from the nearest initial clustering center among all the residual load points as the next initial clustering center;
and fourthly, repeating the step III until the quantity requirement of the initial clustering centers is met.
(2) And respectively associating all the load points to the nearest cluster centers. Thereby dividing all load points into n groups;
(3) solving the geometric center of each group of load points, and taking the n geometric centers as new n clustering centers;
(4) and (5) repeating the steps (2) and (3) until the position of the cluster center is not changed any more.
3. Then, since the initial partition scheme obtained by the clustering algorithm does not consider the influence of the boundary, the cell partition scheme needs to be adjusted according to the position of the boundary, and the adjustment method is described by taking fig. 2 as an example:
(1) finding out the area which is cut out by the boundary and contains less than 3 load points in each cell, for example, the area which is cut out by the boundary on the left side of the blue cell in FIG. 2 only contains 2 load points;
(2) the 2 load points are classified to other cells nearby as shown by arrows in fig. 2;
(3) after the two load points are classified into other cells, the "average distance between load point and geometric center" index of the cells (red cells and green cells) receiving the two load points is increased, and the "average distance between load point and geometric center" index of the cells (blue cells) sending the two load points and the "number of times that the cells cross the boundary" are decreased. And comparing the comprehensive evaluation values of the cell division schemes before and after adjustment. If the adjusted partitioning scheme is more excellent, performing the adjustment;
(4) after all necessary adjustments are made, the geometric center of the load point in each cell is recalculated.
4. Finally, since the load points in some cells are not concentrated after adjustment, the partitioning scheme can be further optimized:
(1) finding out the cells with no concentrated load points, and screening the cells as follows:
the average distance value of all the load points in each cell from the geometric center of the load points is calculated, and the calculation method is the same as the method for quantitatively evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of the cell division scheme. Let the calculation result of the ith cell be xi；
② calculating the average value
Figure BDA0002454744520000051
Sum standard deviation
Figure BDA0002454744520000052
Calculating the difference between the calculated result and the average value of each unit cell, if the difference is more than three times of standard deviation, namely
Figure BDA0002454744520000053
This cell is considered to be a cell in which the load points are no longer concentrated.
(2) Taking the situation shown in fig. 3 as an example to specifically explain the further optimization method for the cell division scheme proposed by the present invention, in the initial division scheme, the load points 1 and 2 belong to the blue cell, but after the cell division scheme is adjusted according to the position of the boundary, the load points 1 and 2 are assigned to the green cell, so that the load points in the blue cell are no longer concentrated. Load points 3, 4 are selected by comparing the distance from each load point in the blue cell to the geometric center, and then grouped into other cells in their immediate vicinity without crossing the boundary. Although the load points 3, 4 are closest to the geometric center of the purple cell, they should be classified as nearby to the red cell because of the existence of the borderlines between the load points 3, 4 and the purple cell. Accordingly, 3 optimization schemes are formed:
classifying the load point 3 into red cells, wherein the cells to which other load points belong are unchanged;
dividing the load point 4 into red cells, and keeping the cells of other load points unchanged;
thirdly, classifying the load points 3 and 4 into red cells, wherein the cells of other load points are unchanged.
And comparing the original cell division scheme with the comprehensive evaluation value of the optimized cell division scheme according to the three optimization schemes, and receiving the optimal optimization scheme.
After the further optimization of the cell division scheme is completed, the geometric center of each cell needs to be recalculated according to the new cell division scheme.

Claims (3)

1. A solving method for an optimal division scheme of power distribution network cells is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: determining an evaluation method for the advantages and disadvantages of the division schemes of the cells of the power distribution network, and considering that the more concentrated the load points in the cells are, the more excellent the division schemes with fewer boundary lines of roads, railways, rivers and the like crossed by the cells are;
step 2: according to a given power distribution network area needing cell division and a given number of cell divisions, load points which are close to each other are divided into the same cell by adopting a clustering algorithm, and an initial cell division scheme is determined according to the load points;
and step 3: adjusting an initial cell division scheme, reducing the number of times that the cells cross the boundary as much as possible, and ensuring the relative concentration of load points in the cells at the same time, wherein the specific method is to find out sub-areas divided by the boundary in each cell, and if the number of load points contained in the sub-areas is less, the load points are considered to be classified into other cells nearby so as to reduce the number of times that the cells cross the boundary; the specific process is as follows:
step 31: finding out the area which is cut out by the boundary and contains less than 3 load points in each cell;
step 32: for each region, after all the load points are classified into other cells nearest to the region, the comprehensive evaluation value of the division scheme is obtained, and whether the adjusted division scheme is better than before is compared; if the adjusted partitioning scheme is more optimal, the adjustment is accepted;
step 33: according to the new cell division scheme, recalculating the geometric center of each cell;
and 4, step 4: further optimizing a cell division scheme, if the load points in a certain cell are not concentrated any more, classifying the load points which are far away from the geometric center of the load points in the cell into nearby cells under the condition of not crossing a boundary; the specific process is as follows:
step 41: calculating the average distance from all load points in each cell to the geometric center of the load points, and selecting the cells of which the distances are greater than the average value of all the cells and the difference between the distances and the average value is greater than 3 times of the standard deviation;
step 42: in such cells, an attempt is made to classify load points that are more distant from the geometric center than the average to other cells that are closest thereto and do not need to cross the boundary; if there are m load points in a cell, 2 can be formedm-1 optimization scheme;
step 43: calculating a dividing scheme comprehensive evaluation value optimized according to each optimization scheme, and receiving the optimal optimization scheme;
step 44: and recalculating the geometric center of the load point of each cell according to the new cell division scheme.
2. The method for solving the optimal division scheme of the power distribution network cells according to claim 1, wherein the load point concentration degree in the cells and the number of times of crossing the boundary of the cells are comprehensively considered, the quality of each cell is firstly measured, and then the quality degree of the whole division scheme is evaluated on the basis of the measured quality degree, and the specific process is as follows:
step 11: measuring the concentration degree of the load points by using the average distance value from the geometric centers of all the load points in the cells to each load point; weighted average is carried out on the distance average value in each cell and the number of times of crossing the boundary to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value of the cell, and the smaller the value is, the better the cell is divided;
step 12: in order to reflect the influence of the cells with higher evaluation values and less division, the sum of squares of the comprehensive evaluation values of all the cells is used as the comprehensive evaluation value of the whole division scheme, and the lower the evaluation value is, the more excellent the division scheme is.
3. The method for solving the optimal division scheme of the power distribution network cells according to claim 1, wherein the clustering algorithm is used for dividing the similar load points into the same cell, and the specific process is as follows:
step 21: determining m initial centers which are the same as the number of the cells needing to be divided;
step 22: associating all load points to the nearest center thereof, thereby dividing all load points into m groups of the same number as the centers;
step 23: solving the geometric center of the load point in each group as new m centers;
step 24: repeating the steps 22 and 23 until the grouping condition is not changed;
step 25: and calculating a comprehensive evaluation value of the obtained initial division scheme.
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109829602A (en) * 2018-12-11 2019-05-31 国网浙江杭州市富阳区供电有限公司 A kind of medium-Voltage Distribution network planning method based on four step formula grid chains
CN110717644A (en) * 2019-08-08 2020-01-21 国网江苏省电力有限公司泰州供电分公司 Power distribution network cell division and rationality evaluation method

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109829602A (en) * 2018-12-11 2019-05-31 国网浙江杭州市富阳区供电有限公司 A kind of medium-Voltage Distribution network planning method based on four step formula grid chains
CN110717644A (en) * 2019-08-08 2020-01-21 国网江苏省电力有限公司泰州供电分公司 Power distribution network cell division and rationality evaluation method

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