CN111487225A - Rapid and high-precision water quality transparency measuring device and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Rapid and high-precision water quality transparency measuring device and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111487225A CN111487225A CN201910077934.8A CN201910077934A CN111487225A CN 111487225 A CN111487225 A CN 111487225A CN 201910077934 A CN201910077934 A CN 201910077934A CN 111487225 A CN111487225 A CN 111487225A
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Abstract
The invention provides a rapid high-precision water quality transparency measuring device and a measuring method thereof, wherein the device comprises a transparency measuring disc, an optical mechanism, a control mechanism and an outer shell which can be matched with the components, the outer shell is of a semi-closed stainless steel material structure, the outer part of the outer shell is provided with a water inlet and outlet and a line outlet, and the inner part of the outer shell is provided with an inner cavity structure; the transparency measuring disc is positioned at the front depth of field position of the optical mechanism below the inner cavity, is provided with a black-white pattern and a white light illuminating component, and has an area larger than the cross section area of the object field of the camera at the transparency measuring disc; the optical mechanism consists of a camera and lenses which are sequentially arranged, has the characteristics of narrow view field and low depth of field, and the optical axis is over against the center of the transparency measuring disc. The device analyzes the picture pixel, resolution and contrast information of the transparency measuring disc under the fixed shooting condition of the water quality to be measured and the standard water quality to obtain the transparency of the water quality to be measured, and has the characteristics of high measuring precision, low cost and high accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental water quality monitoring and hydrological measurement, in particular to a rapid high-precision water quality transparency measuring device and a measuring method thereof.
Background
Water resources, which are important resources for human life and happiness, are increasingly threatened by degradation with increasing utilization and development intensity, and in such a situation, people pay more and more attention to monitoring the pollution of water environment so as to reduce the human health risk and protect the ecosystem. The water transparency, which is one of the key parameters for water quality assessment, represents the optical characteristics of the water body, can evaluate the eutrophication degree of the water body and can visually reflect the pollution condition of the water body, and is receiving more and more attention. The accurate determination of the water quality transparency is beneficial to analyzing the suspended sediment concentration and the colored solute content of the water body, and also provides important support for the performance evaluation of an underwater optical imaging system and the analysis of the influence factors of the underwater imaging quality.
The existing transparency measurement technology is mainly divided into a traditional measurement method based on human eye observation such as a lead method, a cross method or a Seattle disk method and a novel measurement method based on a photoelectric sensing device or water quality inherent optical property measurement represented by hyperspectral acquisition and measurement; in recent years, a method for measuring the transparency of a water body by measuring the height of a water level when a Securie disc is critically resolved by using an image analysis and a liquid level sensor based on the Securie disc principle is reported. However, the traditional method is limited by subjective and objective factors such as observer performance, degree of approximation of eyes of an observer, field illumination conditions, color aging of a Seitleya amabilis disc, inclination of a measuring rope, unevenness of a horizontal plane and the like, measurement results lack objective representativeness, and the transparency of water quality in the horizontal direction cannot be measured; although the inherent optical property of water quality is determined to a certain extent, the restriction of objective factors is solved, the inherent optical property cannot completely reflect the concept of transparency, and an instrument system is complex, high in cost and technical threshold and high in price, so that the development and application in the civil field are very limited.
The method for acquiring the water transparency by using the camera or the video camera to replace human eyes based on the original Seitz disk technology can solve the problem of lack of objective representativeness caused by artificial observation, can comprehensively measure the water transparency value, and has controllable cost. However, the core of the reported method for measuring the water transparency based on the Securie disc imaging is that the controller analyzes the water level height value of the Securie disc image when the Securie disc image is critically disappeared to obtain the transparency, but in practical application, the method is limited by objective adjustment such as fuzzy judgment basis of the critical disappearance and inherent depth of field characteristic of a camera, and the like, and accurately judges whether the critical disappearance of the Securie disc image is very or difficult to achieve, so that a large measurement error is introduced, and the instrument accuracy is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention provides a novel water transparency measuring device which is simple and convenient and can maintain high measuring precision and a measuring method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a water quality transparency measuring device based on the transparency of water quality to be measured is obtained by comparing the information of transparency measuring disc photo pixels, resolution and contrast in the water quality to be measured with the corresponding information of photos under standard water quality under fixed shooting conditions, and comprises a transparency measuring disc, an optical mechanism, a control mechanism and an outer shell which can be matched with all the components;
the outer shell is of a semi-closed stainless steel shell structure, the outer part of the shell mechanism is provided with a water inlet and outlet and a communication control line outlet, the inner part of the shell mechanism is provided with a cavity structure, a cavity is communicated with the water inlet and outlet, and two opposite circular light through ports are arranged on two sides of the cavity;
the transparency measuring disc is positioned below the cavity and at the front depth of field position of the optical mechanism, and is provided with a Securie disc basic pattern and a white light illuminating assembly, the area of the transparency measuring disc is larger than the cross section area of the object field of the camera at the transparency measuring disc, and the white light illuminating assembly is positioned at the center of the back of the measuring disc;
the optical mechanism consists of a camera and optical lenses, the camera and the optical lenses are sequentially arranged and are positioned at a light through port above the cavity, an optical axis of the optical mechanism is over against the center of the transparency measuring disc, and the optical mechanism has the characteristics of narrow field of view and low depth of field, and can finish imaging of the central area of the transparency measuring disc;
the control mechanism is composed of a picture information acquisition and processing assembly, a communication device, a camera and a light source driving module, and all the subassemblies are fixed on the outer shell and do not block a photographing light path of the camera.
The invention provides a water quality transparency measuring method based on photo pixel, resolution and contrast comparison, which sets completely same conditions except different water qualities, obtains transparency measuring disc photos of water quality to be measured and standard water quality, analyzes pixel, resolution and contrast information of two water quality photos, and accordingly calculates transparency value of the water quality to be measured, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing a water quality transparency measuring device in water with calibrated transparency for picture information acquisition;
step two: under the condition of not changing any parameter setting of the device, the water quality transparency measuring device is placed in transparency water quality to be measured to acquire picture information;
step three: the control component analyzes the pixel, resolution and contrast information of the two water quality photos and calculates the transparency value of the water quality to be measured.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the photo pixels, the resolution and the contrast difference are used as independent variables, the transparency value is obtained through background calculation, an image critical image does not need to be obtained, the measuring error caused by field depth or inaccurate identification in critical image obtaining is effectively avoided, through practical tests, the accuracy reaches 0.1cm, and the effect is improved by more than 10 times compared with that of a traditional method.
The structure that the transparency measuring disc is fixed is adopted, the operation of putting the measuring disc down in the traditional method is not needed, the use of a liquid level sensor and a mechanical structure is effectively avoided, the structure of the device is simplified, and the cost is reduced.
The white light source with fixed illumination is adopted to irradiate the transparency measuring disc, and the transparency measuring disc and the optical mechanism are arranged in the inner cavity structure, so that the interference of external light is avoided, and the consistency of the camera for collecting patterns of the transparent disc is ensured.
The device has simple measuring method and high measuring speed, and the measuring time does not exceed 30s under general conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a water quality transparency detection apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a Securie disc and a water inlet of a water quality transparency detection device;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of water outlet distribution of a water quality transparency detection device.
In the figure: the device comprises an outer shell 1, a control mechanism 2, an optical mechanism 3, a transparency measuring disc 4, a water outlet 5-1, a water inlet 5-2, an upper sealing cover 6 of a water body and a water cavity 7.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings. As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the water quality transparency detection device comprises a cylindrical shell 1, a control mechanism 2, an optical mechanism 3, a sealed transparency measuring disc 4, a water outlet 5-1, a water inlet 5-2, an inner cavity 7 and an inner cavity upper sealed cover plate 6. The main optical axis of the optical mechanism 3 passes through the center of the transparency measuring disc 4 and is superposed with the central axis of the cylindrical shell 1; the transparency measuring disc 4 and the optical mechanism 3 are distributed on two sides of the water cavity 7 and keep a fixed distance.
The control mechanism 2 is internally provided with a communication part, a control part, an arithmetic part and a driving part, provides the required driving for the work of the device, has the functions of external communication, equipment control and signal acquisition and analysis,
the optical mechanism 3 mainly comprises a camera and an optical lens; in order to eliminate the influence, the angle of view formed by the optical mechanism formed by combining the camera and the optical lens is smaller than the included angle from the camera to the edge of the effective area of the transparency measuring disc.
As shown in fig. 2, the transparency measuring disc 4 is fixed on the outer shell 1, presents a difference between a black color region and a white color region, and is provided with water inlets 5-2 circumferentially distributed on the outer periphery, wherein the effective region is the region within the water inlets 5-2, the back of the transparency measuring disc 4 is provided with a white light source, and the light source provides uniform illumination for the transparent disc.
As shown in fig. 3, the top of the inner cavity 7 is schematically structured, a light inlet of the optical mechanism 3 is arranged at the center of the circle of the top of the inner cavity 7, and a water outlet 5-1 is arranged in the circumferential area.
The water outlet 5-1 and the water inlet 5-2 are both provided with valve devices, and can be opened and closed through signals sent by the control mechanism, so that water sample collection at a specified position is realized.
The method for realizing the water quality transparency measurement by utilizing the device comprises the following steps: calibrating the device, placing the transparency measuring device in standard water with known transparency, sequentially opening the water inlet and the water outlet to enable a water sample to enter the water cavity, collecting photo information of the transparency measuring disc, and obtaining photo pixel values, resolution and contrast information. And measuring the water quality, vertically and downwards placing the transparency measuring device in the water quality to be measured by using a power device or gravity, sequentially opening a water inlet and a water outlet, collecting the picture pixel value, the resolution and the contrast of the transparency measuring disc after a water sample completely enters a water cavity, and comparing the picture pixel value, the resolution and the contrast information with the picture pixel value, the resolution and the contrast information in the standard water quality by using the control assembly to obtain the transparency of the water quality to be measured.
The device has multiple use modes and large information amount. The front surface of the transparency measuring disc is designed to be consistent with the shape and the color of the manually observed transparency disc, and the measurement of the water transparency can be accurately realized in the measuring process. Compared with the traditional method, the device has the advantages that the use method is to compare the photo parameters under the standard water quality, the measurement accuracy is improved, the multicolor light source and the water cavity are arranged in the device, the night measurement can be realized, and the influence of the natural light source on the measurement result is avoided.
Claims (2)
1. A rapid high-precision water quality transparency measuring device and a measuring method thereof comprise a transparency measuring disc, an optical mechanism, a control mechanism and an outer shell which can be matched with the components, wherein the control mechanism consists of an information processing component, a communication component and a driving module and is used for realizing the functions of photo information processing, data communication and hardware driving; the water quality transparency measuring device is characterized in that:
the outer shell is of a semi-closed stainless steel shell structure, the outer part of the outer shell mechanism is provided with a water inlet and outlet and a communication control line outlet, the inner part of the outer shell mechanism is provided with a cavity structure, the cavity is communicated with the water inlet and outlet, and two opposite circular light through ports are arranged on two sides of the outer shell mechanism;
the transparency measuring disc is positioned below the cavity and at the front depth of field position of the optical mechanism, and is provided with a black-white basic pattern and a white light illuminating assembly, the area of the transparency measuring disc is larger than the cross section area of the object field of the camera at the transparency measuring disc, and the white light illuminating assembly is positioned at the center of the back of the measuring disc;
the optical mechanism consists of a camera and optical lenses, the camera and the optical lenses are sequentially arranged and are positioned at a light through opening above the cavity, and an optical axis of the optical mechanism is over against the center of the transparency measuring disc and has the characteristics of narrow field of view and low depth of field.
2. A water quality transparency measuring method is characterized in that conditions which are completely the same except different water qualities are set, a transparency measuring disc photo under water quality to be measured and standard water quality is obtained, pixel, resolution and contrast information of two water quality photos are analyzed, and therefore the transparency value of the water quality to be measured is calculated, and the specific measuring steps are as follows:
(1) placing a water quality transparency measuring device in standard water with calibrated transparency for picture information acquisition;
(2) under the condition of not changing any parameter setting of the device, the water quality transparency measuring device is placed in transparency water quality to be measured to acquire picture information;
(3) the control component analyzes the pixel, resolution and contrast information of the two water quality photos and calculates the transparency value of the water quality to be measured.
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| CN201910077934.8A CN111487225A (en) | 2019-01-28 | 2019-01-28 | Rapid and high-precision water quality transparency measuring device and measuring method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113484287A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-10-08 | 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 | Water transparency measuring device suitable for high bank slope river |
| CN114371152A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-04-19 | 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 | Drifting type automatic seawater transparency measuring device and transparency measuring method |
| CN116559122A (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-08-08 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Test device and method for rapidly judging water transparency influence factors |
| CN117723513A (en) * | 2024-02-08 | 2024-03-19 | 清华大学 | Water quality detection method, device, equipment, storage medium and program product |
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| CN106770066A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-31 | 薛永富 | A kind of liquid transparency device |
| CN207423789U (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-05-29 | 湖南师范大学 | A kind of liquid transparency detection device |
| CN207540956U (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-06-26 | 宇星科技发展(深圳)有限公司 | Water transparency detection device |
| CN109001120A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-12-14 | 合肥亚卡普机械科技有限公司 | A kind of system and method detected applied to water clarity in municipal works |
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- 2019-01-28 CN CN201910077934.8A patent/CN111487225A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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| CN106770066A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-31 | 薛永富 | A kind of liquid transparency device |
| CN207423789U (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-05-29 | 湖南师范大学 | A kind of liquid transparency detection device |
| CN207540956U (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-06-26 | 宇星科技发展(深圳)有限公司 | Water transparency detection device |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113484287A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-10-08 | 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 | Water transparency measuring device suitable for high bank slope river |
| CN114371152A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-04-19 | 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 | Drifting type automatic seawater transparency measuring device and transparency measuring method |
| CN116559122A (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-08-08 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Test device and method for rapidly judging water transparency influence factors |
| CN116559122B (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2024-03-29 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Test device and method for rapidly judging water transparency influence factors |
| CN117723513A (en) * | 2024-02-08 | 2024-03-19 | 清华大学 | Water quality detection method, device, equipment, storage medium and program product |
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