CN111487186A - Heatable metal plate friction coefficient testing device and method - Google Patents
Heatable metal plate friction coefficient testing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111487186A CN111487186A CN201910075788.5A CN201910075788A CN111487186A CN 111487186 A CN111487186 A CN 111487186A CN 201910075788 A CN201910075788 A CN 201910075788A CN 111487186 A CN111487186 A CN 111487186A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/02—Measuring coefficient of friction between materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a heatable metal plate friction coefficient testing device and a method, wherein the device comprises a die moving assembly, a die heating assembly, a test piece heating and measuring assembly and a test piece moving assembly; the mold moving assembly comprises a vertical linear actuator (1) and a vertical force sensor (3), the mold heating assembly comprises an upper mold assembly (7) and a lower mold assembly (8), the upper mold assembly comprises an upper mold base (20) and an upper mold (19), the lower mold assembly comprises a lower mold base (22) and a lower mold (25), the test piece heating and measuring assembly comprises a heating furnace (5) and an infrared thermometer (9), and the heating rod and the test piece heating and measuring assembly are connected with a PID controller (13). According to the invention, the friction coefficient between the die and the part during the hot forming of the metal sheet metal part is measured by independently heating the test piece and the die, the use condition of the metal stamping lubricant in a heating environment is evaluated, and the friction condition of the hot forming of the metal sheet in actual production is accurately simulated and measured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a friction test device and a friction test method, in particular to a heatable metal plate friction coefficient test device and a heatable metal plate friction coefficient test method.
Background
Stamping and forming of metal plates is a processing mode with wide application and high efficiency in the manufacturing industry, and formed parts of the metal plates are widely applied to various fields of daily production and life. In the stamping process, the accurate forming of the part depends on the reasonable selection and the comprehensive action of the technological parameters such as the friction coefficient on a stamping interface, the mechanical property of the plate, the blank holder force and the like. The influence of the fluctuation of the friction coefficient on the plate forming process is much larger than the fluctuation of the material performance and the process parameters.
The effect of friction on metal forming is not only manifested in the magnitude of the forming force and energy consumption, but also directly affects the forming limit, spring back and surface quality of the part. At present, the research on the friction is approximately summarized as the friction between a rigid body and a rigid body, and the actual plate forming is the friction between the rigid body and a plastic body. The lack of deep knowledge of the friction and lubrication phenomena in the plastic forming process often causes the defects of product size over-tolerance, surface quality not meeting the requirements and the like; the finite element analysis is inaccurate in contact friction boundary conditions, so that the simulation analysis result is inconsistent with the actual production; the severe abrasion between the die and the workpiece leads the die to fail prematurely, reduces the service life of the die and the like. Therefore, simple analytical models and theoretical analysis are difficult to completely explain and control the friction condition in the whole forming process, and the friction in the plastic forming process needs to be tested, researched and analyzed through tests, so that reliable test basis is provided for the research of friction performance, and feasible production guidance is provided for actual production.
In addition, as the rapid hot stamping technology of the steel plate is mature day by day, the warm forming process of the aluminum plate gets more and more attention, and the temperature of the die is increased due to long-term work, which indicates that the temperature is an important factor influencing the friction condition in the forming process of the metal plate. However, most of the existing friction test devices are used for testing at normal temperature or only have a function of controlling the heating of a test piece, and a test device which has the function that both the test piece and a die can be independently heated does not exist, so that the friction condition of a metal sheet part in the heating forming process cannot be well evaluated.
Chinese patent application 201210314985.6 discloses a flat plate sliding friction measuring device, which obtains the friction coefficient between the plate and the contact surface by directly measuring the pulling force of the servo press on the plate, and adjusts the normal pressure by using the device, so as to realize the friction measurement of different flat plate materials, different plate thicknesses and different normal pressures, and obtain the friction force and friction coefficient between the plate and the contact surface by directly measuring the pulling force applied to the plate. However, the device has no heating device, cannot perform test tests of a test piece and a die at a certain temperature, and cannot evaluate the current metal hot forming friction condition.
The Chinese patent application 201510512864.6 discloses an accurate temperature control system of a friction tester, which comprises a friction test piece container, a circulating water constant temperature device and a silicon controlled temperature controller; the friction test piece container consists of an inner cavity, an outer cavity, a base and a top cover, and the friction test piece and the lubricating medium are arranged in the inner cavity; the circulating water constant temperature device consists of a constant temperature water circulating pipeline and a constant temperature water temperature control mechanism, wherein a heat exchange water pipe of the constant temperature water circulating pipeline is sleeved in an outer cavity of the friction test piece container, and the constant temperature of the outer cavity of the friction test piece container is controlled by the constant temperature water temperature control mechanism according to a set temperature value; the silicon controlled temperature controller controls the temperature of the inner cavity of the friction test piece container according to a set temperature value through a temperature sensor and a heating element. However, the system is only suitable for heating the test piece, and cannot heat the die assembly needing to move.
Chinese patent Z L201210285652.5 discloses a method and a device for controlling local environment temperature for a ball disc type friction tester, the invention discloses a method and a device for controlling local environment temperature for a ball disc type friction tester, and aims to provide an environment temperature control technology, the method and the device comprise a box body, a high temperature control system and a low temperature control system, an electric spindle I and an electric spindle II of the tester respectively extend into the box body through round holes on the side surface and the bottom of the box body, a ball test piece driven by the electric spindle I and a disc driven by the electric spindle II are arranged in the box body, the high temperature control system comprises an electric heating rod, a fan, a thermocouple and a PID temperature controller, the low temperature control system comprises a copper pipe, a Dewar flask A, a Dewar flask B, liquid nitrogen, an electric heating core, a fan, a thermocouple and a PID temperature controller, the temperature control range of the test piece and the mould can not be controlled respectively, and the temperature control range is small (-20 ℃ -65 ℃), and the metal thermoforming condition can not be.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heatable metal plate friction coefficient testing device and a heatable metal plate friction coefficient testing method.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a heatable metal plate friction coefficient testing device comprises a die moving assembly, a die heating assembly, a test piece heating and measuring assembly and a test piece moving assembly; the mold heating assembly comprises an upper mold assembly and a lower mold assembly, the upper mold assembly comprises an upper mold seat and an upper mold arranged at the bottom of the upper mold seat, the upper mold seat is connected with the vertical linear actuator through the vertical force sensor, and the upper mold seat is connected with the rack through a vertical guide rail and vertically moves along the guide rail through the vertical linear actuator; the lower die assembly comprises a lower die base and a lower die arranged at the top of the lower die base, temperature sensors are arranged in an upper pressure head at the bottom of the upper die and a lower pressure head at the top of the lower die through temperature measuring holes, the lower die base is fixedly arranged on the rack, and a plurality of heating rod holes and heating rods are arranged in the upper die and the lower die; the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head are oppositely arranged above and below the test piece; the test piece moving assembly comprises a horizontal linear actuator, a horizontal force sensor and a clamp holder, the horizontal linear actuator is clamped at one end of the test piece through the clamp holder through the horizontal force sensor, and the test piece moves horizontally between an upper pressure head and a lower pressure head through the horizontal linear actuator; the test piece heating and measuring assembly comprises a heating furnace and an infrared thermometer, the heating furnace is arranged on the rack and positioned in front of a test piece inlet of the die heating assembly, and the test piece can be heated in a quartz pipeline of the heating furnace when moving horizontally; the infrared thermometer is arranged below the rack, a temperature measuring channel is arranged on the lower die assembly, and the infrared thermometer is aligned to the test piece through the temperature measuring channel and measures the temperature; the heating rod and the test piece heating and measuring assembly are connected with a PID controller, and a heating furnace temperature control and display table, an upper die heating temperature control and display table and a lower die heating temperature control and display table which are mutually independent are arranged in the PID controller.
The mould motion assembly further comprises a vertical displacement sensor, and the vertical displacement sensor is fixed on the side wall of the rack.
The upper die base and the upper die are provided with an upper heat insulation plate through a plurality of upper positioning pins, the upper die base is detachably provided with an upper heat insulation box, and the upper heat insulation box covers the outer part of the upper die.
The lower die base and the lower die are provided with a lower heat insulation plate through a plurality of lower positioning pins, the lower die base is detachably provided with a lower heat insulation box, and the lower heat insulation box covers the outer part of the lower die.
The heating furnace is arranged on the frame through a heating furnace slide rail, and the heating furnace horizontally slides along the heating furnace slide rail.
The heating furnace is internally provided with a heat preservation layer, the heat preservation layer is filled between the quartz pipeline and the inner wall of the heating furnace, and a heat preservation channel is arranged at the discharge port of the heating furnace.
The frame of the heatable metal plate friction coefficient testing device is provided with a plurality of test piece positioners which are positioned at a feeding port and a discharging port of the heating furnace and at the clamping ends of the clamper.
A method for testing the friction coefficient of a heatable metal plate comprises the following steps:
step 1: selecting a test mode, starting a master control system, setting the pressure P, the drawing speed V and the drawing stroke of the test piece, and starting a test;
step 2: installing an upper die assembly and a lower die assembly, preparing a test piece, and driving the upper die assembly to be pressed on the test piece through a vertical force sensor by a test piece pressure P by a vertical linear actuator;
and step 3: the horizontal linear actuator drives the clamp to pull the test piece to be placed in the middle of the mold heating assembly, the test piece moves horizontally to the right between the upper mold and the lower mold at a stretching speed V, and the horizontal force sensor acquires a stretching force F in the horizontal movement process;
and 4, step 4: when the set stretching stroke is reached, the horizontal linear actuator stops stretching the test piece, the horizontal linear actuator drives the clamp holder to return to the initial position leftwards, and the test piece is taken out from the left side of the heating furnace;
and 5: the infrared thermometer measures the temperature of the test piece and judges the tensile data of the effective heating area of the test piece according to the temperature data, and the data is used as the friction coefficient
The test is finished according to the calculated data;
step 6: the coefficient of friction was calculated according to the following formula
：。
The test mode comprises a hot plate hot die, a cold plate hot die, a hot plate cold die and a cold plate cold die.
If the test mode is a hot plate, the heating furnace and the infrared thermometer are connected with a PID temperature controller, and the temperature T of the heating furnace is set through the PID temperature controller0At the moment, the heating furnace moves to the side B of the sliding rail of the heating furnace; if the test mode is a hot die, the heating rods and the temperature sensors in the upper die and the lower die are connected with a PID temperature controller, and the temperature T of the die is set through the PID temperature controllerm。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention is mainly used for testing the friction condition of the metal plate in the hot stamping process, can be used for measuring the friction coefficient of the contact position between the die and the part of the metal plate at a certain forming temperature, and can also be used for evaluating the working conditions of the metal plate hot stamping lubricant at different temperatures.
2. The invention realizes the accurate simulation test of metal hot forming by separately and independently heating the test piece and the die, provides effective guide data, and has important significance and value for further popularizing the hot forming process of the metal plate and improving the forming quality of the metal plate.
The test piece and the die adopt mutually independent temperature control systems, are not interfered with each other, can be heated respectively, realize friction simulation tests under four processes of a hot plate cold die, a hot plate hot die, a cold plate hot die and a cold plate cold die in the actual production process (the hot plate cold die refers to test piece heating, and the die is at normal temperature), and can be used for comprehensively testing the friction conditions of parts and dies of a metal sheet metal part at certain temperature in the hot forming process; therefore, the influence rule of factors such as forming pressure, speed and temperature on friction is researched, the metal sheet forming lubricant is evaluated and compared at a certain temperature, and guidance is provided for actual production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a heatable metal plate friction coefficient testing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a specimen heating of the heatable metal plate friction coefficient testing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a die heating assembly of the heatable metal sheet friction coefficient testing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a method for testing the coefficient of friction of a heatable metal sheet according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the method for testing the friction coefficient of the heatable metal plate according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1 vertical linear actuator, 2 vertical displacement sensor, 3 vertical force sensor, 4 specimen positioner, 5 heating furnace, 6 specimen, 7 upper die assembly, 8 lower die assembly, 9 infrared thermometer, 10 clamper, 11 horizontal force sensor, 12 horizontal linear actuator, 13 PID controller, 14 specimen effective heating zone, 15 heat preservation layer, 16 quartz pipeline, 17 heat preservation channel, 18 upper heat insulation board, 19 upper die, 20 upper die base, 21 heating furnace slide rail, 22 lower die base, 24 lower heat insulation board, 25 lower die, 26 upper heat insulation box, 27 upper positioning pin, 28 heating rod hole, 30 temperature measurement hole, 31 lower heat insulation box, 32 lower pressure head, 33 lower positioning pin.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a friction coefficient testing device for a heatable metal plate includes a mold moving assembly, a mold heating assembly, a test piece heating and measuring assembly, and a test piece moving assembly.
The mold moving assembly comprises a vertical linear actuator 1 and a vertical force sensor 3, the mold heating assembly comprises an upper mold assembly 7 and a lower mold assembly 8, preferably, mold materials of the upper mold assembly 7 and the lower mold assembly 8 are consistent with those of a mold used in actual production, the upper mold assembly 7 comprises an upper mold base 20 and an upper mold 19 mounted at the bottom of the upper mold base 20, the upper mold base 20 is connected with the bottom of the vertical linear actuator 1 through the vertical force sensor 3, the upper mold base 20 is connected with a rack through a vertical guide rail and vertically moves along the guide rail through the vertical linear actuator 1, preferably, the vertical linear actuator 1 can adopt a servo electric cylinder or a servo hydraulic cylinder, and a temperature sensor is mounted in an upper pressure head 29 at the bottom of the upper mold 19 through a temperature measuring hole 30; the lower die assembly 8 comprises a lower die seat 22 and a lower die 25 arranged at the top of the lower die seat 22, a temperature sensor is arranged in a lower pressure head 32 at the top of the lower die 25 through a temperature measuring hole 30, the lower die seat 22 is fixedly arranged on the rack, and a plurality of heating rod holes 28 and heating rods are respectively arranged in the upper die 19 and the lower die 25; the upper indenter 29 and the lower indenter 32 are disposed above and below the test piece 6 in opposition.
The test piece moving assembly comprises a horizontal linear actuator 12, a horizontal force sensor 11 and a clamp holder 10, wherein the horizontal linear actuator 12 is clamped at one end of the test piece 6 through the clamp holder 10 through the horizontal force sensor 11, preferably, the horizontal linear actuator 12 can use a servo electric cylinder or a servo hydraulic cylinder, the test piece 6 horizontally moves between an upper press head 29 and a lower press head 32 at a certain speed V through the horizontal linear actuator 12, and the horizontal force sensor 11 records a tensile force F of the test piece 6 and uploads the tensile force F to a main control system for calculating a friction coefficient.
The test piece heating and measuring assembly comprises a heating furnace 5 and an infrared thermometer 9, the heating furnace 5 is installed on the frame and is positioned in front of a test piece inlet of the die heating assembly, and the test piece 6 can be heated in a quartz pipeline 16 of the heating furnace 5 when moving horizontally; the infrared thermometer 9 is arranged below the rack, the lower die assembly 8 is provided with a temperature measuring channel 23, and the infrared thermometer 9 is aligned to the test piece 6 through the temperature measuring channel 23 and measures the temperature to provide a reference for the set temperature value of the heating furnace 5; the heating rod and test piece heating and measuring assembly is connected with a PID controller 13 (proportional-integral-derivative controller) which can control the temperature of the upper die 19, the lower die 25 and the heating furnace 5.
The mould motion assembly further comprises a vertical displacement sensor 2, the vertical displacement sensor 2 is fixed on the inner side of the vertical side wall of the rack, and the force P and the position of the upper mould assembly can be accurately controlled by combining the vertical force sensor 3 and the vertical displacement sensor 2.
Go up the mould seat 20 and go up and install heat insulating board 18 through locating pin 27 on a plurality of between the mould 19, can play thermal-insulated effect, go up demountable installation on the mould seat 20 and have thermal-insulated box 26, go up thermal-insulated box 26 shroud in the outside of last mould 19, it is convenient to dismantle, thermal-insulated material can avoid producing the influence to the temperature of peripheral equipment.
The heating furnace 5 is installed on the frame through the heating furnace slide rail 21, the heating furnace 5 horizontally slides along the heating furnace slide rail 21, can move left and right, and can be moved to the leftmost side (A side) to be idle when the test piece 6 is not required to be heated, namely, during a cold plate test.
The heating furnace 5 is internally provided with a heat insulation layer 15, the heat insulation layer 15 is filled between a quartz pipeline 16 and the inner wall of the heating furnace 5, a heat insulation channel 17 is arranged at the discharge port of the heating furnace 5, and the heat insulation layer 15 and the quartz pipeline 16 play roles in supporting, heating and heat insulation on the test piece 6, so that the PID controller 13 can control the heating temperature of the test piece 6 through the heating furnace 5. The heating temperature of the test piece 6 in the effective heating area 14 in the heating furnace 5 can reach the set temperature of the heating furnace 5 and is uniform, and the test piece can be used as an effective data source. The heat preservation channel 17 is a heat preservation area of the test piece 6 and prevents the test piece from being cooled too fast.
The frame of the heatable metal plate friction coefficient testing device is provided with a plurality of test piece positioners 4 which are positioned at a feed inlet and a discharge outlet of a heating furnace 5 and a clamping end of a clamper 10, and the test piece positioners 4 are rotatable test piece positioners which can adjust, center and position the front and back directions of a test piece 6.
The PID controller 13 is internally provided with a heating furnace temperature control and display table, an upper mold heating temperature control and display table and a lower mold heating temperature control and display table which are mutually independent, and respectively control the temperature of the heating furnace 5, the temperature of the upper mold 19 and the temperature of the lower mold 25.
The friction test principle adopted by the invention is a flat plate sliding friction test method: the method can simulate the friction condition of a part under the action of blank holder force in the forming process of the metal plate to a certain extent, the test piece is placed between two wider dies to be drawn at a certain speed, please refer to the attached drawing 4, the positive pressure P is set, the drawing force F is obtained through measurement, and the friction coefficient is calculated through a formula.
The friction coefficient testing device for the heatable metal plate can perform 4 test methods of hot plate cold die, hot plate hot die, cold plate hot die and cold plate cold die tests, and the test of the hot plate hot die, the cold plate hot die, the hot plate cold die and the cold plate cold die only needs to open or close a heating furnace according to requirements and change a normal temperature die and a heating die.
Referring to fig. 5, a friction testing method for a heatable metal plate includes the following steps:
step 1: and selecting a test mode, wherein the test mode comprises a hot plate hot die, a cold plate hot die, a hot plate cold die and a cold plate cold die. And starting the master control system, setting the pressure P, the drawing speed V and the drawing stroke of the test piece, and starting the test. Preferably, the specimen pressure P is in the range of 0-3000N and the drawing speed V is in the range of 0-100 mm/s.
In the above step 1, when the test mode is a hot plate, the heating furnace 5 and the infrared thermometer 9 are connected to the PID temperature controller 13, and the heating furnace temperature T is set by the PID temperature controller 130At this time, the heating furnace 5 moves to the side B of the heating furnace slide rail 21, and a longer test piece 6 is adopted when heating is needed; when the cold plate is used, the heating furnace 5 moves to the side A of the heating furnace slide rail 21 to be idle, and a shorter test piece 6 is adopted when heating is not needed.
In the above step 1, if the test mode is the hot mold, the heating rods and the temperature sensors in the upper mold 19 and the lower mold 25 are connected to the PID temperature controller 13, and the mold temperature T is set by the PID temperature controller 13m(ii) a When the die does not need to be heated, the die at normal temperature is installed.
Preferably, the temperature T of the heating furnace0And the temperature T of the moldmThe temperature ranges are all room temperature-300 ℃.
Step 2: an upper die assembly 7 and a lower die assembly 8 are installed to prepare a test piece 6, and the vertical linear actuator 1 drives the upper die assembly 7 to be pressed on the test piece 6 through the vertical force sensor 3 under the constant test piece pressure P. Preferably, the width of the test piece 6 is in the range of 10 to 60mm and the thickness is in the range of 0.5 to 3 mm.
And step 3: the horizontal linear actuator 12 drives the clamper 10 to pull the test piece 6 to be arranged in the middle of the mold heating assembly, and horizontally moves to the right between the upper mold 19 and the lower mold 25 at a constant drawing speed V, and the horizontal force sensor 11 acquires a drawing force F in the horizontal movement process.
And 4, step 4: when the set stretching stroke is reached, the horizontal linear actuator 12 stops stretching the test piece 6, the horizontal linear actuator 12 drives the clamp holder 10 to return to the initial position leftwards, and the test piece 6 is taken out from the left side of the heating furnace 5.
And 5: the infrared thermometer 9 measures the temperature of the test piece 6, judges the tensile data of the effective heating area 14 of the test piece according to the temperature data, and finishes the test by adopting the data as the calculation data of the friction coefficient. Preferably, the infrared thermometer 9 can be an aluminum alloy special thermometer with a wavelength range of 1-3.9 microns. During the test, the temperature measurement data canThe temperature data of the heating of the test piece is acquired after the test is started through real-time display of the equipment, the effective heating area 14 is the stable heating section of the test piece 6 in the heating furnace 5 and enters the friction stage after the set stroke of the test is finished, and the temperature mean value T of the stable heating section acquired in the friction stroke is selected1As the sample temperature value.
Step 6: the coefficient of friction was calculated according to the following formula: .
Taking an aluminum alloy test piece as an example, the friction test method of the aluminum alloy test piece comprises the following steps:
an upper die 19, a detachable upper heat insulation box 26, a lower die 33 and a detachable lower heat insulation box 31 are installed, and a built-in heating rod and a temperature sensor are connected with the PID temperature controller 13; the rotatable specimen positioner 4 rotates to the upper part, the heating furnace 5 moves to the side B of the heating furnace slide rail 21 and is connected with the PID temperature controller 13, the PID temperature controller 13 is started, and the heating furnace temperature T1 and the mold temperature T2 are set according to requirements.
Preparing an aluminum alloy test piece 6 with a certain length and deburring. After the PID temperature controller 13 displays that the temperature is stable, the test piece 6 is inserted from the left side of the heating furnace 5, the tool reaches the holder 10, the rotatable test piece positioner 4 rotates to the lower part, the rotatable test piece positioner 4 positions the test piece 6 in the front-back direction, the holder 10 clamps the test piece 6, and the rotatable test piece positioner 4 rotates to the upper part.
The master control system is started, the test piece pressure P, the drawing speed V and the drawing stroke are set, the test is started, the test device enables the vertical linear actuator 1 to drive the upper die assembly 7 to be combined with the vertical force sensor 3 to press the test piece 6 with the constant pressure P according to the set steps, meanwhile, the horizontal linear actuator 12 drives the clamp holder 10 to pull the test piece 6 to horizontally move rightwards at the constant speed V, and the horizontal force sensor 11 collects the drawing force F in the process.
When the set stroke is reached, the test piece 6 stops stretching, the horizontal linear actuator 12 drives the clamp holder 10 to return to the original position leftwards, and the test piece 6 is taken out from the left side of the heating furnace. And (4) judging the stretching data of the effective heating area 14 according to the data of the infrared thermometer 9, and finishing the test by adopting the data as the calculation data of the friction coefficient.
And calculating the friction coefficient according to a formula.
The friction performance test is carried out on a certain plate by adopting the device and the setting method, the specification range of the test piece 6 is 0.9mm 25mm 450mm, and the surface is smooth and has no burrs.
Example 1:
performing a flat plate friction test at normal temperature (namely cold plate of a cold die), setting pressure P =500N and 2500N, setting vertical pressure as actual pressure P during the test, setting stretching speed V =5mm/s, stretching stroke 100mm, setting horizontal tension as stretching force F collected by a horizontal force sensor 11, and calculating friction coefficient according to a formula
As shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Friction coefficient of Flat plate Friction test at Normal temperature
Example 2:
the flat friction test is carried out under the state of hot plate and hot die, the temperature T is set in the effective heating area 14 of the test piece0=100 ℃ and the mold temperature Tm=100℃，T1For the temperature average value of the stable heating section of the test piece 6 collected in the formation of the friction test, the pressure P =400N and 1100N are set, the vertical pressure is the actual pressure P at the time of the test, the stretching speed V =10mm/s, the stretching stroke 240mm, and the horizontal tension is the stretching force F collected by the horizontal force sensor 11, and the friction coefficient is calculated according to the formula as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Friction coefficient of heated plate Friction test
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a heatable sheet metal coefficient of friction testing arrangement which characterized by: the device comprises a die moving assembly, a die heating assembly, a test piece heating and measuring assembly and a test piece moving assembly;
the mould moving assembly comprises a vertical linear actuator (1) and a vertical force sensor (3),
the die heating assembly comprises an upper die assembly (7) and a lower die assembly (8), the upper die assembly (7) comprises an upper die base (20) and an upper die (19) arranged at the bottom of the upper die base (20), the upper die base (20) is connected with a vertical linear actuator (1) through a vertical force sensor (3), and the upper die base (20) is connected with a rack through a vertical guide rail and vertically moves along the guide rail through the vertical linear actuator (1); the lower die assembly (8) comprises a lower die seat (22) and a lower die (25) arranged at the top of the lower die seat (22), temperature sensors are arranged in an upper pressure head (29) at the bottom of the upper die (19) and a lower pressure head (32) at the top of the lower die (25) through temperature measuring holes (30), the lower die seat (22) is fixedly arranged on the rack, and a plurality of heating rod holes (28) are formed in the upper die (19) and the lower die (25) and are provided with heating rods; the upper pressure head (29) and the lower pressure head (32) are oppositely arranged above and below the test piece (6);
the test piece moving assembly comprises a horizontal linear actuator (12), a horizontal force sensor (11) and a clamp holder (10), the horizontal linear actuator (12) is clamped at one end of a test piece (6) through the clamp holder (10) through the horizontal force sensor (11), and the test piece (6) horizontally moves between an upper pressure head (29) and a lower pressure head (32) through the horizontal linear actuator (12);
the test piece heating and measuring component comprises a heating furnace (5) and an infrared thermometer (9), the heating furnace (5) is arranged on the frame and positioned in front of a test piece inlet of the die heating component, and the test piece (6) can be heated in a quartz pipeline (16) of the heating furnace (5) when moving horizontally; an infrared thermometer (9) is arranged below the rack, a temperature measuring channel (23) is arranged on the lower die assembly (8), and the infrared thermometer (9) is aligned to the test piece (6) through the temperature measuring channel (23) and measures the temperature; the heating rod and the test piece heating and measuring assembly are connected with a PID controller (13), and a heating furnace temperature control and display table, an upper die heating temperature control and display table and a lower die heating temperature control and display table which are mutually independent are arranged in the PID controller (13).
2. A heatable metal sheet friction coefficient testing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mould motion assembly further comprises a vertical displacement sensor (2), and the vertical displacement sensor (2) is fixed on the side wall of the rack.
3. A heatable metal sheet friction coefficient testing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper die is characterized in that an upper heat insulation plate (18) is arranged between the upper die base (20) and the upper die (19) through a plurality of upper positioning pins (27), an upper heat insulation box (26) is detachably arranged on the upper die base (20), and the upper heat insulation box (26) covers the outer part of the upper die (19).
4. A heatable metal sheet friction coefficient testing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: lower heat insulating board (24) are installed through a plurality of lower locating pin (33) between bed die seat (22) and bed die (25), demountable installation has thermal-insulated box (31) down on bed die seat (22), thermal-insulated box (31) shroud is in the outside of bed die (25) down.
5. A heatable metal sheet friction coefficient testing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heating furnace (5) is arranged on the frame through a heating furnace slide rail (21), and the heating furnace (5) horizontally slides along the heating furnace slide rail (21).
6. A heatable metal sheet friction coefficient testing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heating furnace (5) is internally provided with a heat-insulating layer (15), the heat-insulating layer (15) is filled between the quartz pipeline (16) and the inner wall of the heating furnace (5), and a heat-insulating channel (17) is arranged at the discharge outlet of the heating furnace (5).
7. A heatable metal sheet friction coefficient testing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the frame of the heatable metal plate friction coefficient testing device is provided with a plurality of test piece positioners (4) which are positioned at a feeding port and a discharging port of a heating furnace (5) and at clamping ends of a clamper (10).
8. A test method using the apparatus for testing a friction coefficient of a heatable metal plate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: selecting a test mode, starting a master control system, setting the pressure P, the drawing speed V and the drawing stroke of the test piece, and starting a test;
step 2: installing an upper die assembly (7) and a lower die assembly (8) to prepare a test piece (6), wherein the upper die assembly (7) is driven by a vertical linear actuator (1) to be pressed on the test piece (6) through a vertical force sensor (3) under the test piece pressure P;
and step 3: a horizontal linear actuator (12) drives a clamp holder (10) to pull a test piece (6) to be placed in the middle of a mold heating assembly, the test piece moves horizontally to the right between an upper mold (19) and a lower mold (25) at a stretching speed V, and a horizontal force sensor (11) acquires a stretching force F in the horizontal movement process;
and 4, step 4: when the set stretching stroke is reached, the horizontal linear actuator (12) stops stretching the test piece (6), the horizontal linear actuator (12) drives the clamp holder (10) to return to the initial position leftwards, and the test piece (6) is taken out from the left side of the heating furnace (5);
and 5: the infrared thermometer (9) measures the temperature of the test piece (6) and judges the tensile data of the effective heating area (14) of the test piece according to the temperature data, and the data is taken as the friction coefficient
The test is finished according to the calculated data;
step 6: the coefficient of friction was calculated according to the following formula
：
。
9. The heatable metal sheet friction coefficient testing method of claim 8, wherein: the test mode comprises a hot plate hot die, a cold plate hot die, a hot plate cold die and a cold plate cold die.
10. A method for testing the coefficient of friction of a heatable metal sheet as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein: if the test mode is a hot plate, the heating furnace (5) and the infrared thermometer (9) are connected with a PID temperature controller (13), and the heating furnace temperature T is set through the PID temperature controller (13)0At this time, the heating furnace (5) moves to the side B of the heating furnace slide rail (21); if the test mode is a hot mold, the heating rods and the temperature sensors in the upper mold (19) and the lower mold (25) are connected with a PID temperature controller (13), and the mold temperature T is set through the PID temperature controller (13)m。
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| CN201910075788.5A CN111487186A (en) | 2019-01-25 | 2019-01-25 | Heatable metal plate friction coefficient testing device and method |
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| CN112798454A (en) * | 2021-02-20 | 2021-05-14 | 上海交通大学 | System and method for testing high-temperature friction and wear of metal sheet |
| CN112881279A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-06-01 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | Plate friction coefficient testing device and method |
| CN113210459A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-08-06 | 大连理工大学 | Device and method for measuring friction coefficient of fillet area formed by ultralow-temperature deep drawing of metal plate |
| CN113210460A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-08-06 | 大连理工大学 | Device and method for measuring friction coefficient of flange area formed by ultralow-temperature deep drawing of metal plate |
| CN113702280A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-26 | 盐城工学院 | Testing machine for measuring friction coefficient |
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