CN111486619A - Control method for ensuring stable operation of air source heat pump at low exhaust temperature of-40 DEG C - Google Patents
Control method for ensuring stable operation of air source heat pump at low exhaust temperature of-40 DEG C Download PDFInfo
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- CN111486619A CN111486619A CN202010271002.XA CN202010271002A CN111486619A CN 111486619 A CN111486619 A CN 111486619A CN 202010271002 A CN202010271002 A CN 202010271002A CN 111486619 A CN111486619 A CN 111486619A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
- F25B41/31—Expansion valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/13—Economisers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
A control method for ensuring the stable operation of an air source heat pump at a low exhaust temperature of-40 ℃ belongs to the technical field of low-temperature operation. The compressor is communicated with the indoor heat exchanger, the outdoor heat exchanger and the economizer, the indoor heat exchanger is communicated with the economizer, and the economizer is communicated with the outdoor heat exchanger. When the unit operates, measuring the outdoor temperature, if the outdoor temperature is higher than a set value, adjusting the opening of the main electronic expansion valve, measuring the exhaust temperature, and if the outdoor temperature is not lower than 60 ℃, adjusting the opening of the air-supplementing electronic expansion valve, and supplementing air to the compressor; if the temperature is lower than 60 ℃, the compressor is not supplemented with air, and the process is finished when the temperature meets the standard; if the outdoor temperature is lower than the set value, the opening degrees of the main electronic expansion valve and the air supply electronic expansion valve are adjusted, the oil temperature is judged, and the standard is met. The invention can still stably operate in a low-temperature environment of minus 40 ℃, greatly improves the low-temperature performance of the unit, improves the stability of the unit operation, avoids wet compression, and has the advantages of simple control, strong practicability, high stability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a control method for ensuring stable operation of an air source heat pump at a low exhaust temperature of-40 ℃, and belongs to the technical field of low-temperature operation.
Background
When the air source heat pump unit heats in a low-temperature environment, the problem that the air source heat pump unit cannot operate due to large compression ratio and overhigh exhaust temperature exists. Aiming at the problem, the most main solution at home and abroad at present adopts a quasi-two-stage (double-stage) compression technology. The quasi-two-stage (two-stage) compression technology can reduce the exhaust temperature of the compressor within a certain range, so that the air source heat pump can stably operate at the ambient temperature of more than 20 ℃ below zero. However, in severe cold regions with an ambient temperature of-30 ℃ or even lower, the quasi-two-stage (two-stage) compressed air source heat pump still cannot stably operate due to the overhigh exhaust temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background technology, the invention provides a control method for ensuring the stable operation of an air source heat pump at the low exhaust temperature of-40 ℃.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a control method for ensuring stable operation of an air source heat pump at a low exhaust temperature of-40 ℃ is completed by a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, an economizer, a main electronic expansion valve and an air supply electronic expansion valve, wherein an exhaust port of the compressor is communicated with an air inlet of the indoor heat exchanger, an air outlet of the indoor heat exchanger is communicated with an air inlet of a main refrigerant loop of the economizer, one air outlet of the main refrigerant loop of the economizer is communicated with the air inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger through the main electronic expansion valve, and the air outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger is communicated with an air suction port of the compressor; the other gas outlet of the main refrigerant loop of the economizer is communicated with a gas inlet of a gas supplementing branch of the economizer through a gas supplementing electronic expansion valve, and an outlet of the gas supplementing branch of the economizer is communicated with a gas supplementing port of the compressor; the method comprises the following steps:
s1: the outdoor heat exchanger measures the outdoor environment temperature, and if the outdoor environment temperature is higher than the set outdoor environment temperature value, S2 is carried out; otherwise, go to S7;
s2: adjusting the opening degree of a main electronic expansion valve to ensure that the suction superheat degree of a compressor is more than 1 ℃ and less than 5 ℃;
s3: measuring the exhaust temperature of the compressor, and if the exhaust temperature is not lower than 60 ℃, entering S4, otherwise, entering S6;
s4: adjusting the opening degree of the air supply electronic expansion valve to ensure that the air supply superheat degree of the compressor is more than 3 ℃ and less than 15 ℃;
s5: checking the opening degree of the main electronic expansion valve to ensure that the suction superheat degree of the compressor is more than 1 ℃ and less than 5 ℃, if the suction superheat degree meets the standard, finishing the adjustment, and checking the opening degrees of the main electronic expansion valve and the air supply electronic expansion valve and the exhaust temperature of the compressor; otherwise, go to S2;
s6: checking whether the opening degree of the air supply electronic expansion valve is 0, if the opening degree of the air supply electronic expansion valve is 0, entering S5, otherwise, entering S3 after the opening degree of the air supply electronic expansion valve is readjusted;
s7: adjusting the opening of the main electronic expansion valve to make the suction superheat degree of the compressor at 0 deg.C and tOilThe conditions are satisfied: t is tOil, low+5℃＜tOil＜tOil, low+10℃；
Wherein:
toilOil temperature in the compressor sump, tOil, low-the lowest oil temperature allowed in the compressor sump;
s8: adjusting the opening degree of the air supply electronic expansion valve to ensure that the air supply superheat degree of the compressor is more than 3 ℃ and less than 15 ℃;
s9: judging the oil temperature in the oil pool of the compressor again, finishing the adjustment if the oil temperature meets the standard, and checking the opening degrees of the main electronic expansion valve and the air supply electronic expansion valve and the exhaust temperature of the compressor; otherwise, the process proceeds to S7.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. when the temperature is ultralow, the method of increasing the air supplement amount of the compressor and the method of the compressor with partial liquid refrigerant in the air suction are adopted, so that the exhaust temperature of the unit can be reduced by at least 17 ℃, the unit can still stably operate in a low-temperature environment of-40 ℃, and the low-temperature performance of the unit is greatly improved;
2. when the environmental temperature is higher than-5 ℃, although the suction air of the compressor is provided with part of liquid refrigerant, the performance of the unit is promoted and the exhaust temperature is reduced, but the opening degree of the main electronic expansion valve is not large, the difficulty in controlling the liquid carrying amount of the suction air of the compressor by adjusting the opening degree is large, and the liquid carrying amount of the suction air of the compressor is easy to cause overlarge liquid carrying amount and abnormal operation;
3. the invention makes the suction gas with partial liquid refrigerant flow downwards through the motor first, and the liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat of the motor and is gasified; if the liquid content is too large to be completely gasified, the liquid falls into an oil pool by utilizing inertia and gravity, and is further gasified by absorbing the heat of the oil, so that wet compression is avoided;
4. the invention adopts the oil temperature in the oil pool to reflect the liquid carrying amount of the air suction of the compressor, and has the advantages of simple control, strong practicability, high stability and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a control method of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the air source heat pump system as the carrier of the present invention, and arrows indicate gas flow directions.
Wherein: EEV 1-main electronic expansion valve, EEV 2-air make-up electronic expansion valve, tRing (C)-outdoor ambient temperature, t1-set value of outdoor ambient temperature, Δ tSuction deviceSuction superheat, t, of the compressorRow boardDischarge temperature of the compressor, Δ tSupplement deviceDegree of superheat of the charge of the compressor, tOilOil temperature in the compressor sump, tOil, lowMinimum allowable oil temperature in the compressor sump, OEEV1Opening of main electronic expansion valve, OEEV2-opening of the gas-replenishing electronic expansion valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1-2, the present invention discloses a control method for ensuring stable operation of an air source heat pump at a low discharge temperature of-40 ℃, the method is completed by a compressor 1, an indoor heat exchanger 2, an outdoor heat exchanger 3, an economizer 4, a main electronic expansion valve (EEV1)5 and an air supply electronic expansion valve (EEV2)6, an air outlet of the compressor 1 is communicated with an air inlet of the indoor heat exchanger 2 through a refrigerant pipeline, an air outlet of the indoor heat exchanger 2 is communicated with an air inlet of a main refrigerant loop of the economizer 4 through a refrigerant pipeline, one air outlet of the main refrigerant loop of the economizer 4 is communicated with an air inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 through the main electronic expansion valve 5, and an air outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is communicated with an air inlet of the compressor 1 through a refrigerant pipeline; the other gas outlet of the main refrigerant loop of the economizer 4 is communicated with a gas inlet of a gas supplementing branch of the economizer 4 through a gas supplementing electronic expansion valve 6, and an outlet of the gas supplementing branch of the economizer 4 is communicated with a gas supplementing port of the compressor 1; the method comprises the following steps:
s1: the thermal resistance on the outdoor heat exchanger 3 measures the outdoor environment temperature, and if the outdoor environment temperature is higher than the set value of the outdoor environment temperature, S2 is performed; otherwise, go to S7;
s2: adjusting the opening degree of the main electronic expansion valve 5 to ensure that the suction superheat degree of the compressor 1 is more than 1 ℃ and less than 5 ℃;
s3: measuring the exhaust temperature of the compressor 1, and if the exhaust temperature is not lower than 60 ℃, entering S4, otherwise, entering S6;
s4: adjusting the opening degree of the air supply electronic expansion valve 6 to ensure that the air supply superheat degree of the compressor 1 is more than 3 ℃ and less than 15 ℃;
s5: checking the opening degree of the main electronic expansion valve 5 to ensure that the suction superheat degree of the compressor 1 is more than 1 ℃ and less than 5 ℃, if the suction superheat degree meets the standard, finishing the adjustment, and checking the opening degrees of the main electronic expansion valve 5 and the air supply electronic expansion valve 6 and the exhaust temperature of the compressor 1; otherwise, go to S2;
s6: checking whether the opening degree of the gas supplementing electronic expansion valve 6 is 0, if the opening degree of the gas supplementing electronic expansion valve 6 is 0, entering S5, otherwise, entering S3 after the opening degree of the gas supplementing electronic expansion valve 6 is readjusted;
s7: the opening degree of the main electronic expansion valve 5 is adjusted to make the suction superheat degree of the compressor 1 be 0 ℃ and tOilThe conditions are satisfied: t is tOil, low+5℃＜tOil＜tOil, low+10℃；
Wherein:
toilOil temperature in the compressor sump, tOil, low-the lowest oil temperature allowed in the compressor sump;
s8: adjusting the opening degree of the air supply electronic expansion valve 6 to ensure that the air supply superheat degree of the compressor 1 is more than 3 ℃ and less than 15 ℃;
s9: judging the oil temperature in the oil pool of the compressor 1 again, finishing the adjustment if the oil temperature meets the standard, and checking the opening degrees of the main electronic expansion valve 5 and the air supplement electronic expansion valve 6 and the exhaust temperature of the compressor 1; otherwise, the process proceeds to S7.
The invention provides a control method for adjusting the air suction state of the compressor 1 in a segmented manner based on the outdoor temperature so as to ensure that the compressed air source heat pump can still keep lower exhaust temperature and stably run at the temperature of-40 ℃. When the outdoor air temperature is lower than the set value t of the outdoor environment temperature1(related to the purpose and structure of the unit, set according to actual conditions, such as-15 ℃), the invention reduces the exhaust temperature of the compressed air source heat pump unit by increasing the air supplement amount to change the suction state of the compressor 1 from an overheated state to a gas-liquid two-phase state with partial liquid refrigerant. And the outdoor air temperature is higher than the set value t of the outdoor environment temperature1In the process, although the air suction of the compressor 1 is provided with part of liquid refrigerant, the performance of the unit is improved and the exhaust temperature is reduced, but the opening degree of the main electronic expansion valve 5 is not large, so that the difficulty in controlling the liquid carrying amount of the air suction of the compressor 1 by adjusting the opening degree is large, and the liquid carrying amount of the unit is easy to cause overlarge liquid carrying amount and cannot be stably operated; meanwhile, because the environment temperature is not particularly low, the exhaust temperature can be controlled within a reasonable range only by adjusting the air supplement amount. Thus, in the chamberThe outside air temperature is higher than the set value t of the outdoor environment temperature1During the process, the suction gas of the compressor 1 keeps the superheat degree of more than 1 ℃ and less than 5 ℃, and the exhaust temperature is controlled within a reasonable range only by adjusting the gas supplement amount. By adopting the control method, the compressed air source heat pump unit can stably run in the environment of more than 40 ℃ below zero, and the low-temperature performance of the unit is greatly improved.
The invention mainly comprises two parts: when the ambient temperature is higher than the set value t of the outdoor ambient temperature1When the air is exhausted, the air intake of the compressed air source heat pump unit has a certain superheat degree, and the exhaust temperature is reduced by adjusting the air supplement amount; and when the ambient temperature is lower than the set value t of the outdoor ambient temperature1When the compressor air source heat pump unit is used, the exhaust temperature is reduced by adjusting the air supplement amount, and the exhaust temperature of the compressor 1 is further reduced by sucking air with part of liquid refrigerant. Through sectional control, the compressed air source heat pump unit can stably run at both a high-temperature section and a low-temperature section.
In order to gasify the liquid refrigerant carried in the air suction of the compressor 1, firstly, the air suction flows downwards through a motor of the compressor 1, and the liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat of the motor to be gasified; if the liquid refrigerant is too rich and not completely gasified, the liquid refrigerant falls into the oil pool of the compressor 1 due to inertia and gravity, and absorbs the heat of the oil in the oil pool to be further gasified, so that wet compression is avoided. In order to prevent the compressor 1 from liquid impact and the lubricating oil from being too low in temperature caused by too much liquid refrigerant brought by suction, the oil temperature in the oil groove is used for controlling the liquid carrying amount of suction.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (2)
1. A control method for ensuring the stable operation of an air source heat pump at the low exhaust temperature of minus 40 ℃ is completed by a compressor (1), an indoor heat exchanger (2), an outdoor heat exchanger (3), an economizer (4), a main electronic expansion valve (5) and an air supply electronic expansion valve (6), wherein an air outlet of the compressor (1) is communicated with an air inlet of the indoor heat exchanger (2), an air outlet of the indoor heat exchanger (2) is communicated with an air inlet of a main refrigerant loop of the economizer (4), one air outlet of the main refrigerant loop of the economizer (4) is communicated with the air inlet of the outdoor heat exchanger (3) through the main electronic expansion valve (5), and the air outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger (3) is communicated with an air suction port of the compressor (1); the other gas outlet of the main refrigerant loop of the economizer (4) is communicated with a gas inlet of a gas supplementing branch of the economizer (4) through a gas supplementing electronic expansion valve (6), and an outlet of the gas supplementing branch of the economizer (4) is communicated with a gas supplementing port of the compressor (1); the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: the outdoor heat exchanger (3) measures the outdoor environment temperature, and if the outdoor environment temperature is higher than the set outdoor environment temperature value, S2 is carried out; otherwise, go to S7;
s2: adjusting the opening degree of the main electronic expansion valve (5) to ensure that the suction superheat degree of the compressor (1) is more than 1 ℃ and less than 5 ℃;
s3: measuring the exhaust temperature of the compressor (1), and entering S4 if the exhaust temperature is not lower than 60 ℃, or entering S6 if the exhaust temperature is not lower than 60 ℃;
s4: adjusting the opening degree of the air supply electronic expansion valve (6) to ensure that the air supply superheat degree of the compressor (1) is more than 3 ℃ and less than 15 ℃;
s5: checking the opening degree of the main electronic expansion valve (5) to ensure that the suction superheat degree of the compressor (1) is more than 1 ℃ and less than 5 ℃, if the suction superheat degree meets the standard, finishing the adjustment, and checking the opening degrees of the main electronic expansion valve (5) and the air supply electronic expansion valve (6) and the exhaust temperature of the compressor (1); otherwise, go to S2;
s6: checking whether the opening degree of the gas supplementing electronic expansion valve (6) is 0, if the opening degree of the gas supplementing electronic expansion valve (6) is 0, entering S5, otherwise, entering S3 after the opening degree of the gas supplementing electronic expansion valve (6) is readjusted;
s7: the opening degree of the main electronic expansion valve (5) is adjusted to ensure that the suction superheat degree of the compressor (1) is 0 ℃ and t isOilThe conditions are satisfied: t is tOil, low+5℃＜tOil＜tOil, low+10℃；
Wherein:
toilOil temperature in the compressor sump, tOil, low-the lowest oil temperature allowed in the compressor sump;
s8: adjusting the opening degree of the air supply electronic expansion valve (6) to ensure that the air supply superheat degree of the compressor (1) is more than 3 ℃ and less than 15 ℃;
s9: judging the oil temperature in the oil pool of the compressor (1) again, finishing the adjustment if the oil temperature meets the standard, and checking the opening degrees of the main electronic expansion valve (5) and the air supplement electronic expansion valve (6) and the exhaust temperature of the compressor (1); otherwise, the process proceeds to S7.
2. The control method for ensuring the stable operation of the air source heat pump at the low exhaust temperature of-40 ℃ according to the claim 1, characterized in that: the compressor (1) is a quasi-two-stage compressor or a two-stage compressor.
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| CN111623556A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Control method for accelerating defrosting speed of air source heat pump |
| CN113405289A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-17 | 广东纽恩泰新能源科技发展有限公司 | Heat pump exhaust temperature adjusting method |
| CN114353378A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-04-15 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Heat pump unit control method and device and heat pump unit |
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