CN111486014B - Multistage control method based on marine fuel oil electric heater - Google Patents
Multistage control method based on marine fuel oil electric heater Download PDFInfo
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- CN111486014B CN111486014B CN202010262969.1A CN202010262969A CN111486014B CN 111486014 B CN111486014 B CN 111486014B CN 202010262969 A CN202010262969 A CN 202010262969A CN 111486014 B CN111486014 B CN 111486014B
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- electric heater
- temperature
- fuel oil
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
- F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
- F02M31/12—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating electrically
- F02M31/125—Fuel
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Control Of Temperature (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a multistage control method based on a marine fuel oil electric heater, which comprises a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a plurality of groups of electric heaters, wherein the first group of electric heaters are connected by using a solid-state relay, and the rest groups of electric heaters are connected by using an alternating current contactor KM; the PLC receives detection signals of the temperature sensor and the viscosity sensor and initial setting signals from a human-computer interface, carries out PID operation, distributes PID values, controls the on-off of the solid-state relay and the alternating current contactor, and achieves stepless power regulation of the high-power electric heater.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to the technical field of fuel oil heating control methods, in particular to a multistage control method based on a marine fuel oil electric heater.
Background
The ship needs fuel oil to provide power, and the viscosity of the fuel oil is influenced by temperature, so that the fuel oil needs to be subjected to temperature control when being used, and steam heating or electric heating is generally used.
The prior high-power electric heater mainly has two control modes, one mode is that a universal temperature controller is used for increasing the voltage regulation of a power controlled silicon to realize stepless power regulation, the maintenance cost is high, and higher harmonics generated by the controlled silicon have influence on other equipment on a power grid; the other is divided into a plurality of groups for control, but the groups are independent, the operation is inconvenient, and the control precision is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Solves the technical problem
The invention mainly provides a multistage control method based on a marine fuel electric heater, which is used for solving the technical problems of high control and maintenance cost, mutual independence among groups, inconvenience in operation and low control precision of the conventional electric heater in the background art.
Technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the multistage control method based on the marine fuel oil electric heater comprises a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a plurality of groups of electric heaters, wherein the first group of electric heaters are connected by using a solid-state relay, and the rest groups of electric heaters are connected by using an alternating current contactor KM; and the PLC receives detection signals of the temperature sensor and the viscosity sensor and initial setting signals from a human-computer interface, performs PID operation, distributes PID values and controls the on-off of the solid-state relay and the alternating current contactor.
Further, the temperature sensor is arranged on the oil outlet and the pipe wall of the electric heater.
Further, a group of the electric heaters comprises 3 electric heating pipes, and at least 4 groups of the electric heaters are arranged.
Further, the initial setting signal includes control parameter setting, electric heater parameter setting, PID parameter setting, and electric heater operating time setting.
Further, the control parameter setting comprises setting temperature, upper and lower limit deviation of temperature, setting viscosity and upper and lower limit deviation of viscosity; the electric heater parameter setting comprises power, temperature deviation, temperature return difference, viscosity deviation and viscosity return difference of each group; the PID parameter settings include a proportional gain coefficient Kc, an integral time constant Ti, and a derivative time constant Td for both temperature and humidity.
Further, a plurality of fuses and three-phase circuit breakers are used to protect the circuit.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has reasonable design, the electric heaters are divided into a plurality of groups, the first group is connected by the solid-state relay, the other groups are connected by the AC contactor, a man-machine interface and the PLC are adopted to transmit the temperature or viscosity sensor signal to the PLC, the PLC carries out PID operation according to the sensor signal and an initial set value, then distributes the PID value and controls the AC contact and the on-off of the solid-state relay so as to realize the stepless power regulation of the high-power electric heater.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which several embodiments of the invention are shown, but which may be embodied in many different forms and are not limited to the embodiments described herein, but rather are provided for the purpose of providing a more thorough disclosure of the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present; when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present; the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs; the terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention; as used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Example 1
Referring to the attached figure 1, the multistage control method based on the marine fuel oil electric heater comprises a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a plurality of groups of electric heaters, wherein temperature sensors are arranged on an oil outlet and the pipe wall of the electric heater, the oil temperature and the electric heater are respectively monitored in real time, the damage of elements caused by overhigh temperature is prevented, the oil temperature and the pipe temperature of the electric heater can be limited, and an alarm signal is generated when the temperature is overhigh; the electric heaters are divided into a plurality of groups, namely EH1 and EH2.
Before the fuel is not heated, an operator sets an initial value through the human-computer interface, wherein the initial value comprises control parameter setting, electric heater parameter setting, PID parameter setting and electric heater working time setting; the control parameter setting comprises setting temperature, upper and lower limit deviation of temperature, setting viscosity and upper and lower limit deviation of viscosity; the electric heater parameter setting comprises power, temperature deviation, temperature return difference, viscosity deviation and viscosity return difference of each group; the PID parameter settings include a proportional gain coefficient Kc, an integral time constant Ti, and a derivative time constant Td for both temperature and humidity.
And performing PID operation according to a formula:
PID=Kc*(SP
n
-PV
n
)+Kc*Ts/Ti*(SP
n
-PV
n
)+Mx+Kc*Td/Ts*(SP
n
-PV
n
-
SP n-1 -PV n-1 ),
wherein, SPnIs the value of the set point at the sampling time n, SPn-1Is the value of the set point at sample time n-1, PVnIs the value of the process variable at the sampling time n, PVn-1The value of the process variable at sampling time n-1, Mx is the value of the integral term at sampling time n-1.
The first group of electric heaters EH1 are connected by using a solid state relay SSR, and the rest groups are respectively connected by using alternating current contactors KM1, KM2 and KM3.. KMn, wherein n is more than or equal to 4, and one group of the alternating current contactors are corresponding to one group of the electric heaters; the three-phase power supply provides power for the circuit, a plurality of fuses FU1, FU2 and FU3 are arranged on the lines of the first group of electric heaters EH1, and three-phase circuit breakers QS1, QS2 and QS3.. QSn are respectively arranged on the lines of the power input end and the second and third groups.. n-th groups of electric heaters; the fuse and the three-phase circuit breaker protect the circuit, and power-off protection is carried out when circuit faults such as overcalar, overload and the like occur.
The PLC receives detection signals of the temperature sensor and the viscosity sensor and initial setting signals from a human-computer interface, carries out PID operation, distributes PID values, controls the on-off of the SSR and the AC contactor KM, and achieves stepless power regulation of the high-power electric heater.
In conclusion, the invention has reasonable design, is generally used for the condition that the power is more than 18kW, and is characterized in that the electric heaters are divided into a plurality of groups, the first group is connected by the solid-state relay, the other groups are connected by the alternating current contactor, a human-computer interface and the PLC are adopted to transmit a temperature or viscosity sensor signal to the PLC, the PLC carries out PID operation according to the sensor signal and an initial set value, and then distributes a PID value to control the on-off of the alternating current contact and the solid-state relay so as to realize the stepless power regulation of the high-power electric heater.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express a certain implementation mode of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention; it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which are within the protection scope of the present invention; therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The multistage control method based on the marine fuel oil electric heater is characterized by comprising the following steps: the electric heating device comprises a PLC (programmable logic controller) and a plurality of groups of electric heaters, wherein the first group of electric heaters are connected by using a solid-state relay, and the rest groups of electric heaters are connected by using an alternating current contactor; the PLC receives detection signals of the temperature sensor and the viscosity sensor and initial setting signals from a human-computer interface, performs PID operation, distributes PID values and controls the on-off of the solid-state relay and the alternating current contactor;
the initial setting signal comprises control parameter setting, electric heater parameter setting, PID parameter setting and electric heater working time setting, wherein the control parameter setting comprises setting temperature, upper and lower limit deviation of temperature, set viscosity and upper and lower limit deviation of viscosity; the parameter setting of the electric heater comprises power, temperature deviation, temperature return difference, viscosity deviation and viscosity return difference of each group; the PID parameter settings include a proportional gain coefficient Kc, an integral time constant Ti, and a derivative time constant Td for both temperature and humidity; and carrying out PID operation according to a formula:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the value of the set point at sample time n,
is the value of the set point at sample time n-1,
is the value of the process variable at sample time n,
the value of the process variable at sample time n-1,
is the integral term value at sampling instant n-1.
2. The multistage control method based on the marine fuel oil electric heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature sensors are arranged on the oil outlet and the pipe wall of the electric heater.
3. The multistage control method based on the marine fuel oil electric heater according to the claim 1, characterized in that: the group of electric heaters comprises 3 electric heating pipes, and at least 4 groups of electric heaters are arranged.
4. The multistage control method based on the marine fuel oil electric heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: a circuit is protected using a plurality of fuses and three-phase circuit breakers.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010262969.1A CN111486014B (en) | 2020-04-07 | 2020-04-07 | Multistage control method based on marine fuel oil electric heater |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010262969.1A CN111486014B (en) | 2020-04-07 | 2020-04-07 | Multistage control method based on marine fuel oil electric heater |
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| CN111486014B true CN111486014B (en) | 2022-06-10 |
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| CN112947619B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-04-01 | 山东皓隆环境科技有限公司 | Safe and simple all-in-one heating control system convenient to control |
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| CN102468609A (en) * | 2010-11-08 | 2012-05-23 | 于光 | Oil well three-phase large power ultra-long heating device power distribution cabinet |
| CN205955860U (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2017-02-15 | 上海鼎衡船务有限责任公司 | Electric auxiliary heating's boats and ships fuel oil system |
| CN106125785B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-05-04 | 安庆三维电器有限公司 | A kind of electric control circuit based on PLC |
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