CN111484898B - Yellow solid phospholipid - Google Patents
Yellow solid phospholipid Download PDFInfo
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- CN111484898B CN111484898B CN202010454405.8A CN202010454405A CN111484898B CN 111484898 B CN111484898 B CN 111484898B CN 202010454405 A CN202010454405 A CN 202010454405A CN 111484898 B CN111484898 B CN 111484898B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/02—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/16—Refining fats or fatty oils by mechanical means
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of phospholipid processing, and particularly relates to yellow solid phospholipid. The yellow solid phospholipid is prepared from soybean oil residue by a hydration method, and mainly comprises phospholipid, oil and water, wherein the water content is 3-10g/100g, the content of dry acetone insoluble substances is more than or equal to 85g/100g, and the sensory index is yellow solid. The invention overcomes the defects that the product of the solid phospholipid prepared by the existing hydration method has dark color and long process time and can not realize industrial production; the method is used for solving the defect that the industry depends on chemical bleaching for a long time for decolorization. The invention relates to hydration method solid phospholipid, the drying time is shortened to be within 20min, and the color of the solid phospholipid is natural yellow without bleaching. The yellow solid phospholipid is used for preparing the powdered phospholipid, solves the technical problem that the powdered phospholipid cannot be industrially produced by the existing hydration method, eliminates the environmental pollution caused by organic solvents and the hidden food safety hazards caused by solvent residues, and reduces the production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of phospholipid processing, and particularly relates to yellow solid phospholipid.
Background
The raw material for processing the phospholipid is soybean oil residue, which is called hydrated oil residue for short, is a byproduct of a hydration degumming process in the soybean oil refining process in the field of oil processing, and is also called hydrated oil residue, wherein the main components comprise 30-45g/100g of phospholipid, 20-30g/100g of soybean oil and 30-50g/100g of water, and the trace components comprise metal ions, such as calcium, magnesium, iron and the like, and exist in the form of phospholipid metal salts, such as iron ion content, usually 50-100mg/kg calculated by acetone insoluble substances, and the content is up to more than 150mg/kg in individual cases.
The method for processing the industrial phospholipid mainly comprises two methods, one is that the concentrated phospholipid is prepared by a hydration method, namely the concentrated phospholipid is obtained by directly drying and dehydrating after soybean oil residue is extracted from crude soybean oil in a hydration manner, and the concentrated phospholipid is also called as fluid phospholipid due to the fluidity, and the content of dry acetone insoluble substances is 60-65g/100 g; and secondly, preparing the powdered phospholipid by a solvent method, namely taking soybean oil residue or concentrated phospholipid as a raw material, and extracting the raw material by using acetone to remove grease to obtain the powdered phospholipid, wherein the content of dry acetone insoluble substances is 95-98g/100 g. The mainstream product in the market is concentrated phospholipid, and the ratio of the powdered phospholipid in the market is less than 5%.
Although the soybean oil residue is mostly processed into concentrated phospholipids, the concentrated phospholipids have a great disadvantage. For example, documents "a process for producing concentrated phospholipids from soybean (Huxing. a process for producing concentrated phospholipids from soybean [ J ]. China fat, 2007,32(9):20-21) and" a process for preparing concentrated phospholipids (Houqing et al. a process for preparing concentrated phospholipids [ J ]. China fat, 2002,27(1):39-40) describe a method for producing concentrated phospholipids by dehydrating and oxidizing and bleaching hydrated oil residues as raw materials. The process has the disadvantages that the content of acetone insoluble substances in the concentrated phospholipid is too low (60-65g/100g), chemical bleaching is needed, the market price is only 0.4 ten thousand yuan/ton, and the price has a large difference with the price of 4 ten thousand yuan/ton of powder phospholipid.
Chinese patent CN103665029A discloses a method for preparing soybean powder phospholipid, which adopts acetone as solvent to extract hydrated oil residue, separates out acetone insoluble substances, and then carries out low-temperature vacuum drying on the acetone insoluble substances to remove the solvent, thus obtaining the powder phospholipid. The method has the defects that an acetone solvent is used, the production cost is high, the potential safety hazard of environmental pollution and solvent residue exists, and the method is difficult to popularize generally, so that the structure upgrade of a product converted from concentrated phospholipid to powdered phospholipid in the field of oil processing cannot be promoted, and the current situation of high oil refining loss cannot be improved.
For example, chinese patent CN107325125A discloses a method for preparing a phospholipid hydrate from soybean oil residue and a phospholipid hydrate (hereinafter referred to as phospholipid hydrate) prepared by the method, and the method includes the following steps: adding softened water into soybean oil residue, mixing, standing, and performing chromatography; after the chromatography is finished, controlling the temperature to be 85-95 ℃, and carrying out centrifugal separation to obtain the hydrated phospholipid, wherein the acetone insoluble matter can reach 90-92%. This patent has the following drawbacks:
(1) the dry acetone insoluble content of the hydrated phospholipids is low: the patent is a homogeneous hydration method, namely oil residue and water are mixed uniformly, emulsification inevitably occurs when the mixing is uniform, and phospholipid and oil are difficult to re-separate if the emulsification is serious. In order to avoid serious emulsification, the patent adopts two measures, namely strictly controlling the water adding amount which is 0.25-0.74 times of the weight of oil residue; second, sodium hydroxide or sulfuric acid is added, acting as a demulsifier. The problem brought by the measures is that the main components of phospholipid, grease and phospholipid metal salt in the soybean oil residue are not effectively separated, the content of dry acetone insoluble substances of the hydrated phospholipid reaches only 92 percent at most, and has a certain difference compared with 95-98 percent of acetone insoluble substances in a solvent method;
(2) hydrated phospholipids are not completely dehydrated and lack industrial utility: the hydrated phospholipid is subjected to concentration dehydration, preservative addition, pasteurization and packaging to obtain an aqueous phospholipid product with the water content of 22.5-41.2 percent, but the aqueous phospholipid product does not meet the regulation of national standard GB28401 food additive phospholipid on that the water content cannot exceed 2 percent and cannot be sold; if the drying is performed according to the existing method for preparing powdered phospholipids, the drying time is too long, the productivity is too low, and the industrial production is not feasible, and the powdered phospholipids can not be sold or further processed, so that the powdered phospholipids are not industrially used.
Another prior art for extracting phospholipid by hydration method is disclosed in the document "research on liquid crystal separation and purification of soybean phospholipid" (Leziming et al. research on liquid crystal separation and purification of soybean phospholipid [ J ]. Chinese food and oil institute, 2007,22(1):31-32), hereinafter referred to as liquid crystal phospholipid. The method of the document has the following technical defects: (1) the content of insoluble acetone on dry basis of the liquid crystal state phospholipid is low: the homogeneous hydration method is adopted, the water adding amount is 0.67 times of oil residue, and the content of the obtained liquid crystal state phospholipid in dry acetone insoluble matters is only 86.05 percent, which is the same as the defect of the hydrated phospholipid; (2) lack of industrial use: the drying problem of the liquid crystal phospholipid is the same as that of the hydrated phospholipid, although the liquid crystal phospholipid is obtained into powder phospholipid by a batch vacuum drying mode, the drying time is too long, and the color of the phospholipid product is dark (brown), so that the liquid crystal phospholipid cannot be applied to industrial production.
Chinese patent CN102517148A discloses a two-step decolorization method of phospholipid, which adopts two-step decolorization methods of hydrogen peroxide bleaching and silica gel adsorption, and has the following defects: (1) chemical bleaching and decoloring, so that phospholipid generates oxidation byproducts, the naturalness of the phospholipid is damaged, and meanwhile, food safety risks exist and the method does not conform to the large trend of green development; (2) the adsorption and decoloration effects of silica gel are poor, and the invalid silica gel becomes waste residue, which is not beneficial to environmental protection; (3) bleaching destroys the beneficial antioxidant components in the phospholipid, reduces the antioxidant and nutritive values of the phospholipid, and shortens the shelf life of the phospholipid.
The literature "rheological Properties of surfactant aggregates" (M.M.H.rheological Properties of surfactant aggregates [ J. daily chemical industry, 2002,32(2):38-40) describes the basic theory of colloidal elastomers. Although the elastomer of colloid chemistry is a mature concept, from the industrial technology perspective, the preparation of the elastomer from soybean aqueous phospholipid, the drying method of the elastomer, the change of the body color of the elastomer and the application of the elastomer in the preparation of solid phospholipid and powder phospholipid are not reported.
In the phospholipid processing field, the substitution of the powdered phospholipid for the concentrated phospholipid is the future direction from the product perspective, the substitution of the hydration method for the solvent method is the future direction from the method perspective, and although some researches on the hydration method exist at present, the purity of the phospholipid prepared by the hydration method is not high enough, the color improvement is not separated from the chemical bleaching method, the dehydration efficiency of the hydration method does not reach the industrial level, and the process technology is not enough in the aspects of integrity and continuity.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a yellow solid phospholipid which can solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide yellow solid phospholipid, which overcomes the defects that the product of the existing hydration method solid phospholipid has dark color and long process time and can not realize industrial production; also solves the defect that the industry depends on chemical bleaching for a long time for decolorization. The invention relates to hydration method solid phospholipid, the drying time is shortened to be within 20min, and the color of the solid phospholipid is natural yellow without bleaching. The yellow solid phospholipid is used for preparing the powdered phospholipid, and solves the technical problem that the powdered phospholipid cannot be industrially produced by the existing hydration method. The yellow solid phospholipid is not reported in the phospholipid processing field and related researches.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the yellow solid phospholipid, which has simple process and shortened preparation time.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the yellow solid phospholipid in preparing powder phospholipid.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the yellow solid phospholipid comprises main components of phospholipid, grease and water, the water content is 3-10g/100g, the content of dry acetone insoluble substances is not less than 85g/100g, and the sensory index is yellow solid.
Preferably, the preparation method of the yellow solid phospholipid comprises the following steps: taking the water-containing phospholipid, stirring to obtain a water-containing phospholipid elastomer, and drying to obtain yellow solid phospholipid.
More preferably, the main components of the water-containing phospholipid are phospholipid, grease and water, the water content is 25-65g/100g, and the content of dry-base acetone insoluble substances is more than or equal to 85g/100 g.
More preferably, the sensory index of the aqueous phospholipid is a brown translucent fluid.
More preferably, the rotation speed of the stirring is 800-.
More preferably, the stirring is continuous stirring.
More preferably, the continuous stirring is to push the aqueous phospholipid into a stirrer at a speed of 10-100cm/min for 5-30s to obtain the aqueous phospholipid elastomer which is continuously output.
More preferably, the aqueous phospholipid elastomer has a storage modulus G '5 to 10 times greater than the loss modulus G' and has a solid character much greater than a liquid character.
More preferably, the aqueous phospholipid elastomer is a yellow opaque semi-solid.
More preferably, the temperature of the drying is 120-160 ℃.
More preferably, the drying time is 6-20 min.
More preferably, the drying is continuous drying under atmospheric pressure or vacuum.
More preferably, the aqueous phospholipid is prepared from soybean oil residue by a hydration method.
More preferably, the source of the aqueous phospholipid comprises liquid crystal state aqueous phospholipid (water content is less than or equal to 65% and dry acetone insoluble content is 86.05%) prepared from soybean oil foot in the literature, "research on liquid crystal state separation and purification of soybean phospholipid"), or hydrated phospholipid (water content is less than or equal to 65% and dry acetone insoluble content is 90-92%) prepared from soybean oil foot in patent CN107325125A, or aqueous phospholipid prepared from soybean oil foot by other hydration methods.
More preferably, the preparation method of the aqueous phospholipid comprises the following two methods:
the method (1) for preparing self-aggregating aqueous phospholipid from soybean oil residue and concentrating the aqueous phospholipid to obtain aqueous phospholipid comprises the following steps:
preparing self-aggregating aqueous phospholipids: soaking soybean oil residue in water to obtain saturated water-absorbing oil residue, and naturally settling to obtain self-aggregating water-containing phospholipid.
The obtained self-aggregation water-containing phospholipid comprises main components of phospholipid, grease and water, and the drying decrement of the water content is 70-80g/100 g; the content of acetone insoluble substances is 92.5-95.5g/100g on a dry basis; the sensory index was a brown translucent fluid.
② preparing the aqueous phospholipid: concentrating the water content of the self-aggregating aqueous phospholipid to 25-65g/100g to obtain the aqueous phospholipid.
Or the method (2) prepares the low-iron aqueous phospholipid from the soybean oil residue and then concentrates the low-iron aqueous phospholipid into the aqueous phospholipid, and comprises the following steps:
preparing low-iron water-containing phospholipid: soaking soybean oil residue in water to obtain saturated water-absorbing oil residue, centrifuging, settling, removing phospholipid metal salt to obtain fluid, standing, and layering to obtain low-iron water-containing phospholipid.
The obtained low-iron water-containing phospholipid comprises phospholipid, oil and water as main components, and has water content of 70-80g/100 g; the content of acetone insoluble substances is 92.5-95.5g/100g on a dry basis; the iron content is less than or equal to 18mg/kg based on the acetone insoluble substance.
② preparing the aqueous phospholipid: concentrating the water content of the low-iron aqueous phospholipid to 25-65g/100g to obtain the aqueous phospholipid.
The soaking in the method (1) and the method (2) means that the soybean oil residue is in a dispersed phase in water, and the water is in a continuous phase, so that a soaking system is formed.
More preferably, the mass ratio of the soybean oil foot to the water is 1: 1-3.5.
When the weight of the water is less than 1.0 time of that of the oil residue, the soybean oil residue can not be effectively soaked in the water, and the combination of the phospholipid and the water is further influenced. When the water is more than 3.5 times of the mass of the oil residue, although the soaking of the soybean oil residue is facilitated, the cost of water, the energy consumption and the volume of the equipment are increased.
More preferably, the temperature of the soaking is 60-95 ℃.
In water at 0 ℃ to 100 ℃, the combination of phospholipid and water can occur, and the combination efficiency is higher at higher temperature. Therefore, the water temperature is increased, and the soaking time can be shortened. However, in boiling water, stabilization of self-aggregating aqueous phospholipids is not favored, and boiling evaporation of water wastes energy. The temperature of the soaking is therefore preferably 60-95 ℃. When the temperature is above 60 deg.C, the sterilization temperature can prevent oil residue from deteriorating during soaking, and when the temperature is below 95 deg.C, water can be prevented from boiling.
More preferably, the soaking time is 1-3 h.
The soaking time refers to the time required for obtaining the saturated water-absorbing oil foot, and the soaking time is from the time when the soybean oil foot is in a granular shape and stands still in water for soaking until brown self-aggregation water-containing phospholipid begins to appear in the soybean oil foot. The soybean oil residue in the soaking was yellow and the self-aggregating aqueous phospholipid appeared brown, so that it was possible to visually judge whether the end time of the soaking was reached.
More preferably, the soaking is still soaking.
During the soaking period, stirring operation is not suitable to prevent emulsification.
More preferably, the soybean oil foot is broken up into particles in water with stirring before soaking.
More preferably, the particle size of the soybean oil foot particles is less than or equal to 5 mm.
More preferably, the particle size of the soybean oil foot particles is 0.3 to 3 mm.
The smaller the particle size of the soybean oil residue is, the larger the contact area of the oil residue and water is, and the mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency of phospholipid and water in the soybean oil residue is improved. However, the soybean oil residue has a too small particle size, and there is a risk that the soybean oil residue and water are uniformly mixed and homogenized, and the soaking system is damaged.
More preferably, the preparation method further comprises adding an electrolyte to the soaking system.
More preferably, the electrolyte has a mass fraction in water of 0.01 to 0.3%.
The proper amount of electrolyte is beneficial to the combination of the phospholipid and water in the soybean oil residue, the combination of the phospholipid and the water can be inhibited when the electrolyte is too much, and the water content of the self-aggregation water-containing phospholipid is higher when the electrolyte is too little or not added, so that the energy waste during dehydration is caused.
More preferably, the electrolyte includes at least one of an acid, a base, and a salt.
More preferably, the electrolyte is at least one of DL-sodium malate, L-malic acid, DL-malic acid, glacial acetic acid, citric acid, potassium citrate, sodium citrate, monosodium citrate, sodium gluconate, lactic acid, potassium lactate, sodium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, and sodium chloride.
More preferably, the natural settling time of the method (1) is 3 to 8 hours.
As a result of said natural sedimentation, self-aggregating aqueous phospholipids are obtained. At the end of natural sedimentation, two components, namely the self-aggregating aqueous phospholipid and the residue of the oil residue, are obtained from the saturated water-absorbing oil residue. During the natural settling period, stirring operation is not suitable to prevent emulsification.
More preferably, the centrifugal sedimentation of the method (2) is batch centrifugal sedimentation.
The intermittent centrifugal sedimentation means that the loading and unloading are necessarily carried out at the shutdown. Continuous centrifuges cannot be used here because they cause severe emulsification of the material during the feeding and discharge and do not achieve the desired separation effect. Because the saturated water absorption oil foot and the fluid obtained by centrifugal sedimentation are all fluids with excellent fluidity and can be automatically loaded and unloaded, the operation of the batch centrifuge can be automated through program design so as to meet the requirement of large-scale industrial production.
In the centrifugal sedimentation process, the saturated water absorption oil foot is divided into two components of slag and fluid in a batch centrifuge, wherein the slag is mainly phospholipid metal salt and is tightly attached to the rotary drum wall of the centrifuge in the form of slag, and the slag is taken out from the upper part of the centrifuge in a slag discharging mode. The fluid is primarily grease, water and low iron aqueous phospholipids, and is referred to as a fluid because it can flow. After the shutdown, the fluid can automatically flow into the standing layering tank from the bottom of the centrifuge, and grease, water and low-iron water-containing phospholipid in the fluid are divided into three layers due to different specific gravities.
More preferably, the temperature of the centrifugal sedimentation is 60 to 95 ℃.
More preferably, the rotational speed of the centrifugal sedimentation is 500-2000 rpm.
More preferably, the time of the centrifugal sedimentation is 5-15 min.
More preferably, the temperature for standing and layering in the method (2) is 60-95 ℃.
The invention also relates to a preparation method of the yellow solid phospholipid, which comprises the following steps:
taking the water-containing phospholipid, stirring at 800-;
the main components of the water-containing phospholipid are phospholipid, grease and water, the water content is 25-65g/100g, the content of dry acetone insoluble substances is more than or equal to 85g/100g, and the sensory index is brown translucent fluid.
The invention also relates to application of the yellow solid phospholipid in preparation of powder phospholipid.
Preferably, the yellow solid phospholipid is used for preparing powder phospholipid, and the method comprises the following steps:
crushing the yellow solid phospholipid, sieving, and vacuum drying at 60 deg.C for 30-60min to obtain powder phospholipid with water content of less than or equal to 2g/100g, insoluble content of dry acetone of more than or equal to 85g/100g, and yellow powder as sensory index, which meets national standard GB28401 food additive phospholipid.
The moisture content of the powder phospholipid is equal to the drying decrement of the national standard GB28401 food additive phospholipid.
Preferably, the vacuum is 0.01-0.004 MPa.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the yellow solid phospholipid is an intermediate necessary for producing hydration method powder phospholipid: from the viewpoints of environmental protection, food safety and production cost, hydration method powder phospholipid replaces solvent method powder phospholipid, and is the development direction of the industry. The yellow solid phospholipid is an intermediate necessary for producing the hydration method powder phospholipid, solves the technical problems of continuous drying from the water-containing phospholipid to the solid phospholipid and natural yellow color maintenance, and optimizes the technical route from the water-containing phospholipid to the solid and from the solid to the powder.
(2) The yellow solid phospholipid is a quick drying product, breaks through the technical bottlenecks of long drying and dehydration time and easy browning of the water-containing phospholipid: the yellow solid phospholipid is prepared by drying the aqueous phospholipid elastomer, the water content of the aqueous phospholipid can be reduced to 3-10g/100g at the temperature of below 160 ℃ within 20min, and the short-time high-temperature continuous drying process ensures that the phospholipid does not generate thermal browning reaction. This is because the phospholipid elastomer containing water has a remarkable solid characteristic, the skeleton is stiff during drying, a porous honeycomb structure is formed during surface moisture evaporation, the internal moisture can be continuously and rapidly evaporated, the temperature of the material can be timely reduced, and the phospholipid can be prevented from generating thermal browning reaction due to heating.
(3) The yellow solid phospholipid of the invention is natural yellow without chemical bleaching: brown or brown phospholipid with deep color is not accepted by the market, and in order to meet the market demand, the prior art generally adopts chemical bleaching and decoloring, the quality guarantee period is greatly shortened by the bleaching and decoloring, and potential safety hazards of food also exist; the solid phospholipid is stirred to change the water-containing phospholipid from brown to yellow by a physical method, and then is combined with a short-time quick continuous drying process to keep the color of the phospholipid to be natural yellow without chemical bleaching and decoloring.
The preparation process is simple, improves the production efficiency, can realize automation and is beneficial to large-scale industrial production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for preparing yellow solid phospholipid by stirring and converting aqueous phospholipid into aqueous phospholipid elastomer and then drying.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a process for preparing yellow solid phospholipid by stirring and converting aqueous phospholipid into aqueous phospholipid elastomer and then drying.
FIG. 3 is a process flow diagram for the preparation of self-aggregating aqueous phospholipids from soybean oil foot.
FIG. 4 is a process flow diagram for preparing low iron aqueous phospholipids from soybean oil foot.
FIG. 5 is a graph of the rheological characteristics of storage modulus G 'versus loss modulus G' for the aqueous phospholipid elastomer of example 2.
FIG. 6 is a graph of the rheological characteristics of storage modulus G 'versus loss modulus G' for the aqueous phospholipid elastomer of example 4.
Wherein: (1) is an aqueous phospholipid; (2) is an aqueous phospholipid elastomer; (3) is a yellow solid phospholipid. A is a speed-regulating gear pump; b is a pipeline stirrer; and C, a continuous dryer.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds. These examples are illustrative only and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The experimental methods described in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials, unless otherwise indicated, are commercially available; the vacuum is 0.01-0.004 MPa.
Example 1
A yellow solid phospholipid and application thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) preparation of self-aggregating aqueous phospholipids, see fig. 3, comprising the following steps:
soaking: adding soybean oil residue into water, and stirring to break the oil residue into granules in water to form a soaking system with soybean oil residue granules as disperse phase and water as continuous phase, wherein the soaking temperature is 60 ℃, and the soaking time is 3h to obtain saturated water-absorbing oil residue. The saturated water-absorbing oil foot is marked by the initial appearance of brown self-aggregating aqueous phospholipids.
The soybean oil residue is from Zhongliangyouyue (Tianjin) Co., Ltd, and the material composition is as follows: the water content was 41.03g/100g, the content of acetone insolubles on a dry basis was 61.13g/100 g; the water is drinking water; the mass ratio of oil residue to water is 1: 1; the grain diameter of the oil residue particles is 0.3-3 mm.
Secondly, natural sedimentation: and (3) saturating the water-absorbing oil residue, and keeping the soaking temperature for natural settling for 3h to obtain the self-aggregation water-containing phospholipid and the oil residue.
The resulting self-aggregating aqueous phospholipid had a water content of 77.78g/100g, a dry acetone insoluble content of 93.81g/100g, and a sensory index of brown translucent fluid.
(2) Preparation of aqueous Phospholipids: concentrating the self-aggregated aqueous phospholipid obtained in step (1) in a vacuum thin film evaporator at 90 deg.C to water content of 65g/100g to obtain aqueous phospholipid with dry acetone insoluble content of 93.81g/100g, and sensory index of brown translucent fluid;
(3) preparation of aqueous phospholipid elastomer: referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the aqueous phospholipid obtained in step (2) is fed into a stirrer at a speed of 100cm/min at 800rpm for 5s to obtain a continuous output of aqueous phospholipid elastomer having the same water content and acetone insoluble content as the aqueous phospholipid but changing sensory index to yellow opaque semi-solid;
(4) preparing solid phospholipid: referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the continuously discharged aqueous phospholipid elastomer from step (3) is fed into a normal pressure continuous dryer through a feed inlet with an aperture of 2mm, and dried at 160 ℃ for 6min to obtain continuously discharged solid phospholipid with a water content of 9.95g/100g, a dry acetone insoluble content of 93.81g/100g, and a sensory index of yellow strip solid;
(5) preparing powder phospholipid: and (3) crushing the strip-shaped solid phospholipid obtained in the step (4), sieving the powder with a 18-mesh sieve, and performing vacuum drying in a double-cone rotary vacuum dryer at 60 ℃ for 40min to obtain powder phospholipid, wherein the water content of the powder phospholipid is 1.85g/100g, the content of the dry acetone insoluble substances is 93.81g/100g, the sensory index of the powder phospholipid is yellow powder, and the product meets the national standard GB28401 food additive phospholipid.
Example 2
A yellow solid phospholipid and application thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) preparation of self-aggregating aqueous phospholipids, see fig. 3, comprising the following steps:
soaking: adding soybean oil residue into water, and stirring to break the oil residue into granules in water to form a soaking system with soybean oil residue granules as disperse phase and water as continuous phase, wherein the soaking temperature is 70 deg.C, and the soaking time is 3 hr to obtain saturated water-absorbing oil residue. The saturated water-absorbing oil foot is marked by the initial appearance of brown self-aggregating aqueous phospholipids.
The oil residue is from the food and grain industry (Jiujiang) limited company, and the material composition of the oil residue is as follows: the water content was 37.56g/100g, the dry acetone insoluble content was 60.87g/100 g; the water is purified drinking water, salt and sodium chloride are added into the water, and the adding amount of the salt and the sodium chloride is 0.07 percent of the weight of the purified drinking water; the mass ratio of oil residue to water is 1: 1.5; the grain diameter of the oil residue particles is 0.3-3 mm.
Secondly, natural sedimentation: and (3) saturating the water-absorbing oil residue, and keeping the soaking temperature for natural sedimentation for 8h to obtain the self-aggregation water-containing phospholipid and the oil residue.
The resulting self-aggregating aqueous phospholipid had a water content of 74.00g/100g, a dry acetone insoluble content of 93.75g/100g, and a sensory index of brown translucent fluid.
(2) Preparation of aqueous Phospholipids: concentrating the self-aggregated aqueous phospholipid obtained in step (1) in a vacuum thin film evaporator at 95 deg.C to water content of 55g/100g to obtain aqueous phospholipid with dry acetone insoluble content of 93.75g/100g, and sensory index of brown semitransparent fluid;
(3) preparation of aqueous phospholipid elastomer: referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the aqueous phospholipid obtained in step (2) is fed into a stirrer at a speed of 80cm/min at 900rpm for 10s to obtain a continuous output aqueous phospholipid elastomer having the same water content and acetone insoluble content as the aqueous phospholipid but changing the sensory index to a yellow opaque semi-solid;
(4) preparing solid phospholipid: referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the aqueous phospholipid elastomer continuously output in step (3) is fed into a normal pressure continuous dryer through a feed inlet with the aperture of 3mm, and dried for 8min at 150 ℃ to obtain the solid phospholipid with the continuous output, the water content of the solid phospholipid is 7.23g/100g, the content of the dry acetone insoluble substances is 93.75g/100g, and the sensory index is yellow strip-shaped solid;
(5) preparing powder phospholipid: and (3) crushing the strip-shaped solid phospholipid obtained in the step (4), sieving the powder with a 18-mesh sieve, and performing vacuum drying in a double-cone rotary vacuum dryer at 60 ℃ for 40min to obtain powder phospholipid, wherein the water content of the powder phospholipid is 1.43g/100g, the content of the dry acetone insoluble substances is 93.75g/100g, the sensory index of the powder phospholipid is yellow powder, and the product meets the national standard GB28401 food additive phospholipid.
Example 3
A yellow solid phospholipid and application thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) preparation of self-aggregating aqueous phospholipids, see fig. 3, comprising the following steps:
soaking: adding soybean oil residue into water, and stirring to break the oil residue into granules in water to form a soaking system with soybean oil residue granules as disperse phase and water as continuous phase, wherein the soaking temperature is 80 deg.C, and the soaking time is 2 hr to obtain saturated water-absorbing oil residue. The saturated water-absorbing oil foot is marked by the initial appearance of brown self-aggregating aqueous phospholipids.
The oil residue is from the food, grain and oil industry (Huanggang) Co., Ltd, and the material composition is as follows: the water content is 38.42g/100g, and the content of acetone insoluble matter is 61.02g/100 g; the water is purified drinking water, food additive lactic acid with the concentration of 80% is added into the water, and the adding amount is 0.05% of the weight of the purified drinking water; the mass ratio of oil residue to water is 1: 2; the grain diameter of the oil residue particles is 0.3-3 mm.
Secondly, natural sedimentation: and (3) saturating the water-absorbing oil residue, and keeping the soaking temperature for natural settling for 4 hours to obtain the self-aggregation water-containing phospholipid and the oil residue.
The resulting self-aggregating aqueous phospholipid had a water content of 73.12g/100g, a dry acetone insoluble content of 92.53g/100g, and a sensory index of brown translucent fluid.
(2) Preparation of aqueous Phospholipids: concentrating the self-aggregated aqueous phospholipid obtained in step (1) in a vacuum thin film evaporator at 100 deg.C to water content of 50g/100g to obtain aqueous phospholipid with dry acetone insoluble content of 92.53g/100g, and sensory index of brown semitransparent fluid;
(3) preparation of aqueous phospholipid elastomer: referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the aqueous phospholipid obtained in step (2) is fed into a stirrer at a speed of 60cm/min at 1000rpm for 15s to obtain a continuous output aqueous phospholipid elastomer having the same water content and acetone insoluble content as the aqueous phospholipid but changing the sensory index to a yellow opaque semi-solid;
(4) preparing solid phospholipid: referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the continuously discharged aqueous phospholipid elastomer from step (3) is fed into a normal pressure continuous dryer through a feed inlet with a pore diameter of 3.5mm, and dried at 140 ℃ for 10min to obtain continuously discharged solid phospholipid with a water content of 6.59g/100g, a dry acetone insoluble content of 92.53g/100g and a sensory index of yellow strip solid;
(5) preparing powder phospholipid: and (3) crushing the strip-shaped solid phospholipid obtained in the step (4), sieving the powder with a 18-mesh sieve, and performing vacuum drying in a double-cone rotary vacuum dryer at 60 ℃ for 60min to obtain powder phospholipid, wherein the water content of the powder phospholipid is 0.41g/100g, the content of the dry acetone insoluble substances is 92.53g/100g, the sensory index of the powder phospholipid is yellow powder, and the product meets the national standard GB28401 food additive phospholipid.
Example 4
A yellow solid phospholipid and application thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) preparation of self-aggregating aqueous phospholipids, see fig. 3, comprising the following steps:
soaking: adding soybean oil residue into water, and stirring to break the oil residue into granules in water to form a soaking system with soybean oil residue granules as disperse phase and water as continuous phase, wherein the soaking temperature is 90 deg.C, and the soaking time is 2 hr to obtain saturated water-absorbing oil residue. The saturated water-absorbing oil foot is marked by the initial appearance of brown self-aggregating aqueous phospholipids.
The oil foot is from the Pongji (Nanjing) grain and oil Co., Ltd, and the material composition of the oil foot is as follows: the water content is 39.78g/100g, and the content of acetone insoluble matter is 62.05g/100 g; the water is purified drinking water, and a food additive sodium hydroxide is added into the water, wherein the addition amount of the sodium hydroxide is 0.03 percent of the weight of the purified drinking water; the mass ratio of oil residue to water is 1: 2.5; the grain diameter of the oil residue particles is 0.3-3 mm.
Secondly, natural sedimentation: and (3) saturating the water-absorbing oil residue, and keeping the soaking temperature for natural settling for 5h to obtain the self-aggregation water-containing phospholipid and the oil residue.
The resulting self-aggregating aqueous phospholipid had a water content of 77.56g/100g, a dry acetone insoluble content of 95.42g/100g, and a sensory index of brown translucent fluid.
(2) Preparation of aqueous Phospholipids: concentrating the self-aggregated aqueous phospholipid of step (1) in a vacuum thin film evaporator at 105 deg.C to water content of 45g/100g to obtain aqueous phospholipid with dry acetone insoluble content of 95.42g/100g, and sensory index of brown translucent fluid;
(3) preparation of aqueous phospholipid elastomer: referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the aqueous phospholipid obtained in step (2) was fed into a stirrer at a speed of 40cm/min at 1100rpm for 20s to obtain a continuous output of aqueous phospholipid elastomer having the same water content and acetone insoluble content as the aqueous phospholipid but changed in sensory index to a yellow opaque semi-solid;
(4) preparing solid phospholipid: referring to fig. 1 and 2, feeding the continuously outputted water-containing phospholipid elastomer in step (3) into a vacuum continuous dryer through a feeding hole with the aperture of 4mm, and drying at 130 ℃ for 15min to obtain continuously outputted strip-shaped solid phospholipid, wherein the water content of the strip-shaped solid phospholipid is 5.32g/100g, the content of the dry acetone insoluble substances is 95.42g/100g, and the sensory index of the strip-shaped solid is yellow strip-shaped solid;
(5) preparing powder phospholipid: and (3) crushing the strip-shaped solid phospholipid obtained in the step (4), sieving the powder with a 18-mesh sieve, and performing vacuum drying in a double-cone rotary vacuum dryer at 60 ℃ for 30min to obtain powder phospholipid, wherein the water content of the powder phospholipid is 1.18g/100g, the content of the dry acetone insoluble substances is 95.42g/100g, the sensory index of the powder phospholipid is yellow powder, and the product meets the national standard GB28401 food additive phospholipid.
Example 5
A yellow solid phospholipid and application thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) preparation of self-aggregating aqueous phospholipids, see fig. 3, comprising the following steps:
soaking: adding soybean oil residue into water, and stirring to break the oil residue into granules in water to form a soaking system with soybean oil residue granules as disperse phase and water as continuous phase, wherein the soaking temperature is 95 deg.C, and the soaking time is 1 hr to obtain saturated water-absorbing oil residue. The saturated water-absorbing oil foot is marked by the initial appearance of brown self-aggregating aqueous phospholipids.
The oil residue is from the grain and oil limited company of Zhongbao Zhenjiang, and the material composition is as follows: the water content was 37.69g/100g, the content of acetone insolubles on a dry basis was 63.45g/100 g; the water is purified drinking water, food additives of citric acid and common salt and sodium chloride are added into the water, the addition amount of the citric acid is 0.028 percent of the weight of the purified drinking water, and the addition amount of the common salt is 0.052 percent of the weight of the purified drinking water; the mass ratio of oil residue to water is 1: 3; the grain diameter of the oil residue particles is 0.3-3 mm.
Secondly, natural sedimentation: and (3) saturating the water-absorbing oil residue, and keeping the soaking temperature for natural settling for 6 hours to obtain the self-aggregation water-containing phospholipid and the oil residue.
The resulting self-aggregating aqueous phospholipid had a water content of 72.33g/100g, a dry acetone insoluble content of 93.65g/100g, and a sensory index of brown translucent fluid.
(2) Preparation of aqueous Phospholipids: concentrating the self-aggregated aqueous phospholipid obtained in step (1) in a vacuum thin film evaporator at 110 deg.C to water content of 35g/100g to obtain aqueous phospholipid with dry acetone insoluble content of 93.65g/100g, and sensory index of brown semitransparent fluid;
(3) preparation of aqueous phospholipid elastomer: referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the aqueous phospholipid obtained in step (2) is fed into a stirrer at a speed of 25cm/min at 1200rpm for 25s to obtain a continuous output aqueous phospholipid elastomer having the same water content and acetone insoluble content as the aqueous phospholipid but changing sensory index to a yellow opaque semi-solid;
(4) preparing solid phospholipid: referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the aqueous phospholipid elastomer continuously output in step (3) is fed into a vacuum continuous dryer through a feed inlet with the aperture of 5mm, and dried at 120 ℃ for 20min to obtain the solid phospholipid with continuous output, the water content of the solid phospholipid is 3.03g/100g, the content of the dry acetone insoluble substances is 93.65g/100g, and the sensory index is yellow strip solid;
(5) preparing powder phospholipid: and (3) crushing the strip-shaped solid phospholipid obtained in the step (4), sieving the powder with a 18-mesh sieve, and performing vacuum drying in a double-cone rotary vacuum dryer at 60 ℃ for 30min to obtain powder phospholipid, wherein the water content of the powder phospholipid is 0.58g/100g, the content of the dry acetone insoluble substances is 93.65g/100g, the sensory index of the powder phospholipid is yellow powder, and the product meets the national standard GB28401 food additive phospholipid.
Example 6
A yellow solid phospholipid and application thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) preparation of self-aggregating aqueous phospholipids, see fig. 3, comprising the following steps:
soaking: adding soybean oil foot into water, and stirring to break the oil foot into granules in water to form a soaking system with soybean oil foot granules as disperse phase and water as continuous phase, wherein the soaking temperature is 95 ℃, and the soaking time is 1h to obtain saturated water absorption oil foot. The saturated water-absorbing oil foot is marked by the initial appearance of brown self-aggregating aqueous phospholipids.
The oil foot is from China spinning grain oil (Dongguan) Co., Ltd, and the material composition of the oil foot is as follows: the water content was 40.23g/100g, the content of acetone insolubles on a dry basis was 62.39g/100 g; the water is purified drinking water, and a food additive citric acid is added into the water, wherein the addition amount of the citric acid is 0.038 percent of the weight of the purified drinking water; the mass ratio of oil residue to water is 1: 3.5; the grain diameter of the oil residue particles is 0.3-3 mm.
Secondly, natural sedimentation: and (3) saturating the water-absorbing oil residue, and keeping the soaking temperature for natural sedimentation for 7 hours to obtain the self-aggregation water-containing phospholipid and the oil residue.
The resulting self-aggregating aqueous phospholipid had a water content of 73.01g/100g, a dry acetone insoluble content of 94.18g/100g, and a sensory index of brown translucent fluid.
(2) Preparation of aqueous Phospholipids: concentrating the self-aggregated aqueous phospholipid obtained in step (1) to a water content of 25g/100g in a vacuum thin film evaporator at 110 deg.C to obtain an aqueous phospholipid with a dry acetone insoluble content of 94.18g/100g and a sensory index of brown translucent fluid;
(3) preparation of aqueous phospholipid elastomer: referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the aqueous phospholipid obtained in step (2) is fed into a stirrer at a speed of 10cm/min at 1200rpm for 30s to obtain a continuous output of aqueous phospholipid elastomer having the same water content and acetone insoluble content as the aqueous phospholipid but changing organoleptic properties to a yellow opaque semi-solid;
(4) preparing solid phospholipid: referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the continuously outputted aqueous phospholipid elastomer from step (3) is fed into a vacuum continuous dryer through a feed inlet with the aperture of 6mm, and dried at 120 ℃ for 6min to obtain the continuously outputted solid phospholipid with the water content of 4.61g/100g, the content of insoluble dry acetone of 94.18g/100g and the sensory index of yellow strip solid;
(5) preparing powder phospholipid: and (3) crushing the strip-shaped solid phospholipid obtained in the step (4), sieving the powder with a 18-mesh sieve, and performing vacuum drying in a double-cone rotary vacuum dryer at 60 ℃ for 30min to obtain powder phospholipid, wherein the water content of the powder phospholipid is 0.98g/100g, the content of the dry acetone insoluble substances is 94.18g/100g, the sensory index of the powder phospholipid is yellow powder, and the product meets the national standard GB28401 food additive phospholipid.
Example 7
A yellow solid phospholipid and application thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) preparation of low iron aqueous phospholipid, see fig. 4, comprising the following steps:
soaking: adding soybean oil residue into water, and stirring to break the oil residue into granules in water to form a soaking system with oil residue granules as disperse phase and water as continuous phase, wherein the soaking temperature is 90 deg.C, and the soaking time is 2 hr to obtain saturated water-absorbing oil residue. The saturated water-absorbing oil foot obtained is marked by the beginning of the appearance of brown low-iron water-containing phospholipids.
The oil foot is from the food and grain and oil industry (nido lake) limited company, and the material composition of the oil foot is as follows: the water content was 37.68g/100g, the content of acetone insolubles on a dry basis was 62.58g/100g, and the iron content was 78.08mg/kg based on the acetone insolubles; the water is purified drinking water, and a food additive sodium hydroxide is added into the water, wherein the addition amount of the sodium hydroxide is 0.03 percent of the weight of the purified drinking water; the mass ratio of oil residue to water is 1: 2.5; the grain diameter of the oil residue particles is 0.3-3 mm.
Centrifugal sedimentation: and (3) centrifugally settling the saturated water absorption oil residue, separating out phospholipid metal salt in the form of slag to obtain a fluid substance, wherein the centrifugal rotation speed is 2000rpm, the time is 5min, and the temperature of centrifugal settling is the same as the soaking temperature.
Standing and layering: standing and layering the obtained fluid to obtain the low-iron water-containing phospholipid, wherein the standing and layering temperature is the same as the soaking temperature.
The resulting low-iron aqueous phospholipid had a water content of 78.33g/100g, a dry acetone insoluble content of 95.41g/100g, an iron content of 10.98mg/kg, based on acetone insoluble, and a brown translucent fluid as sensory index.
(2) Preparation of aqueous Phospholipids: concentrating the self-aggregated aqueous phospholipid of step (1) in a vacuum thin film evaporator at 105 deg.C to water content of 45g/100g to obtain aqueous phospholipid with dry acetone insoluble content of 95.41g/100g and sensory index of brown semitransparent fluid;
(3) preparation of aqueous phospholipid elastomer: referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the aqueous phospholipid obtained in step (2) was fed into a stirrer at a speed of 40cm/min at 1100rpm for 20s to obtain a continuous output of aqueous phospholipid elastomer having the same water content and acetone insoluble content as the aqueous phospholipid but changed in sensory index to a yellow opaque semi-solid;
(4) preparing solid phospholipid: referring to fig. 1 and 2, feeding the continuously outputted water-containing phospholipid elastomer in step (3) into a vacuum continuous dryer through a feeding hole with the aperture of 4mm, and drying at 130 ℃ for 15min to obtain continuously outputted strip-shaped solid phospholipid, wherein the water content of the strip-shaped solid phospholipid is 5.47g/100g, the content of the dry acetone insoluble substances is 95.41g/100g, and the sensory index of the strip-shaped solid is yellow strip-shaped solid;
(5) preparing powder phospholipid: and (3) crushing the strip-shaped solid phospholipid obtained in the step (4), sieving the powder with a 18-mesh sieve, and performing vacuum drying in a double-cone rotary vacuum dryer at 60 ℃ for 30min to obtain powder phospholipid, wherein the water content of the powder phospholipid is 1.23g/100g, the content of the dry acetone insoluble substances is 95.41g/100g, the sensory index of the powder phospholipid is yellow powder, and the product meets the national standard GB28401 food additive phospholipid.
Example 8
A yellow solid phospholipid and application thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) preparation of low iron aqueous phospholipid, see fig. 4, comprising the following steps:
soaking: adding soybean oil residue into water, and stirring to break the oil residue into granules in water to form a soaking system with oil residue granules as disperse phase and water as continuous phase, wherein the soaking temperature is 70 deg.C, and the soaking time is 3 hr to obtain saturated water-absorbing oil residue. The saturated water-absorbing oil foot obtained is marked by the beginning of the appearance of brown low-iron water-containing phospholipids.
The oil residue is from the Shandong limited company of the Chinese grain yellow sea grain and oil industry and comprises the following substances: the water content was 38.57g/100g, the content of acetone-insoluble matter on a dry basis was 63.61g/100g, and the iron content was 63.45mg/kg in terms of acetone-insoluble matter; the water is purified drinking water, salt and sodium chloride are added into the water, and the adding amount of the salt and the sodium chloride is 0.07 percent of the weight of the purified drinking water; the mass ratio of oil residue to water is 1: 1.5; the grain diameter of the oil residue particles is 0.3-3 mm.
Centrifugal sedimentation: and (3) centrifugally settling the saturated water absorption oil residue, separating out phospholipid metal salt in the form of slag to obtain a fluid substance, wherein the centrifugal rotation speed is 2000rpm, the time is 5min, and the temperature of centrifugal settling is the same as the soaking temperature.
Standing and layering: standing and layering the obtained fluid to obtain the low-iron water-containing phospholipid, wherein the standing and layering temperature is the same as the soaking temperature.
The resulting low-iron aqueous phospholipid had a water content of 74.32g/100g, a dry acetone insoluble content of 93.98g/100g, an iron content of 7.62mg/kg, based on acetone insoluble, and a sensory index of brown translucent fluid.
(2) Preparation of aqueous Phospholipids: concentrating the self-aggregated aqueous phospholipid obtained in step (1) in a vacuum thin film evaporator at 95 deg.C to water content of 55g/100g to obtain aqueous phospholipid with dry acetone insoluble content of 93.98g/100g, and sensory index of brown semitransparent fluid;
(3) preparation of aqueous phospholipid elastomer: referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the aqueous phospholipid obtained in step (2) is fed into a stirrer at a speed of 80cm/min at 900rpm for 10s to obtain a continuous output aqueous phospholipid elastomer having the same water content and acetone insoluble content as the aqueous phospholipid but changing the sensory index to a yellow opaque semi-solid;
(4) preparing solid phospholipid: referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the continuously discharged aqueous phospholipid elastomer from step (3) is fed into a normal pressure continuous dryer through a feed inlet with a pore diameter of 3mm, and dried at 150 ℃ for 8min to obtain continuously discharged solid phospholipid with a water content of 7.33g/100g, a dry acetone insoluble content of 93.98g/100g, and a sensory index of yellow strip solid;
(5) preparing powder phospholipid: and (3) crushing the strip-shaped solid phospholipid obtained in the step (4), sieving the powder with a 18-mesh sieve, and performing vacuum drying in a double-cone rotary vacuum dryer at 60 ℃ for 40min to obtain powder phospholipid, wherein the water content of the powder phospholipid is 1.38g/100g, the content of the dry acetone insoluble substances is 93.98g/100g, the sensory index of the powder phospholipid is yellow powder, and the product meets the national standard GB28401 food additive phospholipid.
Example 9
A yellow solid phospholipid and application thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) the method for preparing the liquid crystal state phospholipid comes from the research on the separation and purification of the soybean phospholipid in the liquid crystal state in the literature, and comprises the following steps:
adding 0.67 times of drinking purified water to soybean oil residue, mixing, heating to 70 deg.C, standing for 4 hr, and centrifuging at 70 deg.C and 4500r/min for 5min to obtain liquid crystal phospholipid. The soybean oil foot was produced by Zhongwan grain oil (Dongguan) Co., Ltd., and had a water content of 40.23g/100g and a dry acetone insoluble content of 62.39g/100 g.
The obtained liquid crystalline phospholipid had a water content of 63.89g/100g, a dry acetone insoluble content of 86.23g/100g, and a sensory index of brown translucent fluid.
(2) Preparation of aqueous phospholipid elastomer: referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the liquid crystal phospholipid obtained in step (1) is pushed into a stirrer at a speed of 100cm/min, the rotation speed is 800rpm, and the time is 5s, so as to obtain a continuously output aqueous phospholipid elastomer, wherein the water content and the acetone insoluble content of the aqueous phospholipid elastomer are the same as those of the liquid crystal phospholipid, but the sensory index of the aqueous phospholipid elastomer is changed into yellow opaque semisolid;
(3) preparing solid phospholipid: referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the aqueous phospholipid elastomer continuously output in step (2) is fed into a normal pressure continuous dryer through a feed inlet with the aperture of 2mm, and dried for 6min at 160 ℃ to obtain the solid phospholipid with continuous output, the water content of the solid phospholipid is 9.28g/100g, the content of the dry acetone insoluble substances is 86.23g/100g, and the sensory index is yellow strip-shaped solid;
(4) preparing powder phospholipid: and (3) crushing the strip-shaped solid phospholipid obtained in the step (3), sieving the powder with a 18-mesh sieve, and performing vacuum drying in a double-cone rotary vacuum dryer at 60 ℃ for 40min to obtain powder phospholipid, wherein the water content of the powder phospholipid is 1.69g/100g, the content of the dry acetone insoluble substances is 86.23g/100g, the sensory index of the powder phospholipid is yellow powder, and the product meets the national standard GB28401 food additive phospholipid.
Example 10
A yellow solid phospholipid and application thereof comprise the following steps:
(1) the preparation method of the hydrated phospholipid is derived from a method for preparing the hydrated phospholipid by using soybean oil foot disclosed in patent CN107325125A, and comprises the following steps:
adding 0.53 times of drinking purified water and 0.03% of sulfuric acid into soybean oil residue, heating to 85 deg.C, standing for 6 hr, and centrifuging at 85 deg.C and 4500r/min for 5min to obtain hydrated phospholipid. The soybean oil residue is produced by the food and grain and oil industry (Huanggang) Co Ltd, the water content is 38.42g/100g, and the content of dry acetone insoluble matter is 61.02g/100 g.
The resulting hydrated phospholipid had a water content of 64.03g/100g, a dry acetone insoluble content of 90.01g/100g, and a sensory index of brown translucent fluid.
(2) Preparation of aqueous phospholipid elastomer: referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the hydrated phospholipid obtained in step (1) is fed into a stirrer at a speed of 100cm/min at a rotation speed of 800rpm for 5s to obtain a continuously-fed aqueous phospholipid elastomer having the same water content and acetone insoluble content as liquid crystalline phospholipids but changed in sensory index into a yellow opaque semi-solid;
(3) preparing solid phospholipid: referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the aqueous phospholipid elastomer continuously output in step (2) is fed into a normal pressure continuous dryer through a feed inlet with the aperture of 2mm, and dried for 6min at 160 ℃ to obtain the solid phospholipid with continuous output, the water content of the solid phospholipid is 9.31g/100g, the content of the dry acetone insoluble substances is 90.01g/100g, and the sensory index is yellow strip-shaped solid;
(4) preparing powder phospholipid: and (3) crushing the strip-shaped solid phospholipid obtained in the step (3), sieving the powder with a 18-mesh sieve, and performing vacuum drying in a double-cone rotary vacuum dryer at 60 ℃ for 40min to obtain powder phospholipid, wherein the water content of the powder phospholipid is 1.70g/100g, the content of the dry acetone insoluble substances is 90.01g/100g, the sensory index of the powder phospholipid is yellow powder, and the product meets the national standard GB28401 food additive phospholipid.
Comparative example 1
A method for preparing liquid crystal state phospholipid and further preparing solid phospholipid and powder phospholipid from soybean oil residue is from the research on liquid crystal state separation and purification of soybean phospholipid in the literature, and comprises the following steps:
adding 0.67 times of drinking purified water to soybean oil residue, mixing, heating to 70 deg.C, standing for 4 hr, and centrifuging at 70 deg.C and 4500r/min for 5min to obtain liquid crystal phospholipid. The soybean oil foot was produced by Zhongwan grain oil (Dongguan) Co., Ltd., and had a water content of 40.23g/100g and a dry acetone insoluble content of 62.39g/100 g.
The obtained liquid crystalline phospholipid had a water content of 63.89g/100g, a dry acetone insoluble content of 86.23g/100g, and a sensory index of brown translucent fluid.
Liquid crystal state phospholipid is distributed on a drying tray through a circular feed port with the aperture of 2mm, and is dried for 240min at 65 ℃ in an intermittent vacuum drying oven to obtain brown massive solid phospholipid, the water content of which is 6.38g/100g, and the content of dry acetone insoluble substances is 86.23g/100 g; and (3) crushing the brown solid phospholipid, sieving the crushed brown solid phospholipid by a 18-mesh sieve, and drying the powder phospholipid in a vacuum drying oven at 60 ℃ for 30min to obtain powder phospholipid, wherein the water content of the powder phospholipid is 1.24g/100g, the content of dry acetone insoluble substances is 86.23%, and the sensory index of the powder phospholipid is brown powder.
Compared with comparative example 1, the main differences of the invention include the following aspects:
first, difference in drying time: the drying time for preparing the solid phospholipid in the comparative example 1 is 240min, and the method is characterized in that the drying is carried out at low temperature for a long time, the drying efficiency is too low, if the drying in the comparative example 1 is changed into the drying at high temperature (120 ℃ C. and 160 ℃ C.), thermal browning can occur, and the obtained solid phospholipid is black; the drying time for preparing the solid phospholipid in the embodiment 9 is 6min, and the method is characterized by high-temperature (120-.
Second, the difference in phospholipid color: the solid phospholipid prepared in comparative example 1 was brown, the powdered phospholipid was brown, and the color of the phospholipid was too dark; the solid phospholipid and the powder phospholipid prepared by the invention are natural yellow, and meet the market demand for light-colored phospholipid.
Test example 1
To further confirm the rheological properties of the aqueous phospholipid elastomers obtained by stirring according to the present invention, the aqueous phospholipid elastomers obtained in examples 2 and 4 were subjected to rheological characterization, and the results of the tests are shown in fig. 5 and 6. The instruments and parameters used for detection are as follows: RS6000 rotational rheometer (HAAKE, Germany), the measuring rotor used a Z41Ti coaxial drum sensing system (drum and rotor diameters 43.40mm and 41.42mm, respectively) with a sample thickness of 3mm in the center of the sensing system.
As can be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6, the aqueous phospholipid elastomers provided in examples 2 and 4 have storage modulus G 'more than 5 times larger than loss modulus G' in the measured frequency range, and they are almost independent of frequency, indicating that elasticity is much larger than viscosity, showing stronger solid characteristics (elasticity), while liquid characteristics (viscosity) become weaker and belong to elastomers.
The above detailed description is specific to one possible embodiment of the present invention, and the embodiment is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent implementations or modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention should be included in the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The yellow solid phospholipid is characterized in that main components of the yellow solid phospholipid are phospholipid, grease and water, the water content is 3-10g/100g, the content of dry-base acetone insoluble substances is more than or equal to 85g/100g, and sensory indexes are yellow solids;
the preparation method of the yellow solid phospholipid comprises the following steps: taking water-containing phospholipid, stirring to obtain a water-containing phospholipid elastomer, and drying to obtain yellow solid phospholipid; the stirring speed is 800-1200 rpm;
the main components of the water-containing phospholipid are phospholipid, grease and water, the water content is 25-65g/100g, the content of dry acetone insoluble substances is more than or equal to 85g/100g, and the sensory index is brown translucent fluid.
2. The yellow solid phospholipid of claim 1, wherein the aqueous phospholipid is prepared by a hydration method of soybean oil residue.
3. The yellow solid phospholipid of claim 1, wherein the stirring is continuous stirring, and the aqueous phospholipid is pushed into the stirrer at a speed of 10-100cm/min for 5-30s to obtain a continuous output of the aqueous phospholipid elastomer.
4. The yellow solid phospholipid of claim 1, wherein the aqueous phospholipid elastomer has a storage modulus G ʹ specific loss modulus
5-10 times larger, and is yellow opaque semi-solid.
5. The yellow solid phospholipid as defined in claim 1, wherein the drying temperature is 120-160 ℃ and the drying time is 6-20 min; the drying is continuous drying under normal pressure or vacuum.
6. A method for preparing a yellow solid phospholipid according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which comprises the following steps:
taking the water-containing phospholipid, stirring at 800-;
the main components of the water-containing phospholipid are phospholipid, grease and water, the water content is 25-65g/100g, the content of dry acetone insoluble substances is more than or equal to 85g/100g, and the sensory index is brown translucent fluid.
7. Use of the yellow solid phospholipid according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the yellow solid phospholipid obtained by the preparation method according to claim 6 in the preparation of powder phospholipid.
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| JPS5948492A (en) * | 1982-09-10 | 1984-03-19 | Asahi Denka Kogyo Kk | Preparation of phospholipid with low content of fat and oil |
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| JPS5948492A (en) * | 1982-09-10 | 1984-03-19 | Asahi Denka Kogyo Kk | Preparation of phospholipid with low content of fat and oil |
| CN110382190A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2019-10-25 | 日本瑞翁株式会社 | The manufacturing device of the drying means of elastomer, elastomer production method, the drying device of elastomer and elastomer |
| CN107325125A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-11-07 | 山东中阳生物科技有限公司 | Soybean oil residue prepares the method and its obtained hydrated phospholipids of hydrated phospholipids |
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| 液晶态分离提纯大豆磷脂的研究;李子明，等;《中国粮油学报》;20170131;第22卷(第1期);第31,33页 * |
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