CN111484145B - Membrane pollution prevention membrane bioreactor - Google Patents

Membrane pollution prevention membrane bioreactor Download PDF

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CN111484145B
CN111484145B CN202010333179.8A CN202010333179A CN111484145B CN 111484145 B CN111484145 B CN 111484145B CN 202010333179 A CN202010333179 A CN 202010333179A CN 111484145 B CN111484145 B CN 111484145B
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membrane
activated carbon
carbon felt
anode
cathode
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CN111484145A (en
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李先宁
张皓驰
张翀
刘燕青
侯登峰
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Southeast University
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Southeast University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/005Combined electrochemical biological processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D65/00Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/02Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/1236Particular type of activated sludge installations
    • C02F3/1268Membrane bioreactor systems
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/08Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/14Maintenance of water treatment installations
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a membrane bioreactor capable of preventing membrane pollution, which comprises a water inlet pump, a water outlet pump, an anode conductive film, a resistor and a cathode activated carbon felt, wherein the water inlet pump is connected to the lower end of a wastewater pond, the anode conductive film is arranged in the wastewater pond, the anode conductive film is connected with the water outlet pump, the cathode activated carbon felt is connected with the anode conductive film in series through the resistor, the cathode activated carbon felt is horizontally placed on the water surface in the wastewater pond, and the anode conductive film is vertically placed in wastewater in the wastewater pond. The membrane bioreactor utilizes a bioelectrochemical system to improve the degradation rate of organic matters on the surface of a membrane material, the highest removal efficiency of COD (chemical oxygen demand) of organic wastewater reaches 91.7 percent, and the removal efficiency of refractory organic matters reaches 45 percent; meanwhile, the granular or viscous organic matters blocked on the surface and in the pores of the membrane are subjected to in-situ degradation, so that the membrane pollution is effectively inhibited, the cleaning cost of the membrane component is reduced, and the condition of membrane damage is avoided.

Description

Membrane pollution prevention membrane bioreactor
Technical Field
The invention relates to a membrane bioreactor, in particular to a membrane bioreactor for preventing membrane pollution.
Background
Membrane Bioreactors (MBR) are an important class of wastewater treatment technology, and are widely used in the treatment process of high-concentration organic wastewater, but because the Membrane pores are blocked by particulate or viscous organic matters, the Membrane bioreactors often cause the problem of Membrane pollution, the transmembrane pressure difference rises after Membrane pollution, the Membrane flux is reduced, the Membrane is more easily damaged, and therefore the development and popularization of the MBR technology are restricted. At present, the problem of membrane pollution is generally solved by manually or mechanically cleaning the membrane component regularly, the working efficiency is low, the pollution problem is solved thoroughly, and the cleaning cost is high. The current MBR technology still has the following problems: in the process of treating high-load organic polluted wastewater, organic matters with large molecular weight and stable structure are difficult to decompose and mineralize.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide a membrane bioreactor capable of preventing membrane pollution, which can decompose organic matters and does not produce membrane pollution.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a membrane bioreactor capable of preventing membrane pollution, which comprises a water inlet pump, a water outlet pump, an anode conductive membrane, a resistor and a cathode activated carbon felt, wherein the water inlet pump is connected to the lower end of a wastewater pool, the anode conductive membrane is arranged in the wastewater pool and is connected with the water outlet pump, the cathode activated carbon felt is connected with the anode conductive membrane in series through the resistor, the cathode activated carbon felt is horizontally placed on the water surface in the wastewater pool, and the anode conductive membrane is vertically placed in wastewater in the wastewater pool.
Wherein a pressure gauge is connected between the anode conductive film and the water outlet pump; the cathode active carbon felt consists of a porous active carbon felt conducting layer and a supporting layer, wherein the supporting layer is positioned between the two porous active carbon felt conducting layers and is fixed by using titanium wires; the thickness of the porous activated carbon felt is 3 mm-10 mm, and the supporting layer is a metal net; the anode conducting film consists of a lining plate, a flow guide cloth, a base film layer and a hydrophilic conducting coating, wherein the flow guide cloth, the base film layer and the hydrophilic conducting coating are symmetrically covered on the lining plate layer by layer; the flow guide cloth is made of hydrophilic non-woven fabrics; the hydrophilic conductive coating is a high-molecular coating material with conductive property; the components such as graphene and carbon fiber in the coating are beneficial to the enrichment of electrochemical active microorganisms, and the hydrophilic property of the coating is beneficial to the degradation of organic matters and the transfer of extracellular electrons by the electrochemical active microorganisms; the base membrane layer is a supporting base membrane with permeability; the conductive polymer composite material is prepared by mixing pyrrole, graphene, carbon fiber and metal oxide powder; the conductive basal membrane is a polytetrafluoroethylene-based membrane immersed with anthraquinone disulfonic acid sodium solution; the resistor is a constant value resistor or a variable resistor of 10 omega-10000 omega.
The working principle is as follows: according to the invention, an electric field is formed locally at the negative electrode and the positive electrode of bioelectrochemistry, so that a large amount of organic matters are obtained by carrying ionic groups in organic wastewater, charged bodies such as particles, colloids and zoogles are formed, the charged particles and colloids move towards the two electrodes in a directional manner under the action of the electric field force, the potential difference, the redox potential and the redox reaction rate of the negative electrode and the positive electrode in MBR are controlled by regulating and controlling external resistance, when the resistance value is high, a larger potential difference is formed between the positive electrode of a membrane material and the negative electrode of an activated carbon felt, the surface and the interior of the membrane material are at lower electrode potentials, and some organic matters which are difficult to degrade are subjected to electrode half-reaction under the electrode potentials to release protons and electrons, and in the porous activated carbon felt negative electrode, oxygen molecules are used as final electron acceptors and are subjected to cathode half-reaction with the electrons and protons; when the external resistance value is reduced, the quantity of the electric charge of the electrons transferred from the bioelectrochemistry anode to the cathode is greatly increased, the directional flow of the electrons promotes the continuous degradation of the organic substrate of the anode, the degradation rate of the organic matter is improved, and the granular or viscous organic matter blocked on the surface and in the pores of the membrane is degraded in situ, so that the membrane pollution is inhibited.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that: 1. by utilizing a bioelectrochemical system, the degradation rate of organic matters on the surface of the membrane material is improved, the highest removal efficiency of COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the organic wastewater reaches 91.7%, and the removal efficiency of the organic matters which are difficult to degrade reaches 45%; 2. the granular or viscous organic matters blocked on the surface and in the pores of the membrane are subjected to in-situ degradation, so that the membrane pollution is effectively inhibited, and the cleaning cost of the membrane component is reduced; 3. avoiding the generation of membrane damage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an anode conductive film structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the reaction on the anode conductive film.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the membrane bioreactor for preventing membrane fouling comprises a water inlet pump 1, a water outlet pump 2, an anode conductive film 4, a resistor 5 and a cathode active carbon felt 6, wherein the water inlet pump 1 is connected to the lower end of a wastewater tank, the anode conductive film 4 is arranged in the wastewater tank, the anode conductive film 4 is connected to the water outlet pump 2, a pressure gauge 3 is connected between the anode conductive film 4 and the water outlet pump 2, the cathode active carbon felt 6 is connected in series with the anode conductive film 4 through the resistor 5, the resistor 5 is a variable resistor of 10 Ω -1000 Ω, the cathode active carbon felt 6 is horizontally arranged on the water surface in the wastewater tank, the anode conductive film 4 is vertically arranged in rows in the wastewater tank, the cathode active carbon felt 6 is composed of a porous active carbon felt conductive layer and a titanium mesh, the titanium mesh is arranged between the two porous active carbon felt conductive layers and fixed by titanium wires, the porous active carbon felt is 6mm in thickness, the anode conductive film 4 is composed of a lining plate 41, a flow guide cloth 42, a base film layer 43 and a hydrophilic conductive coating 44 as shown in fig. 2, the flow guide cloth 42, the hydrophilic conductive coating 44 is symmetrically coated on the lining plate 41 layer, the hydrophilic conductive coating 44, the hydrophilic coating is a hydrophilic base film 43, the hydrophilic conductive coating is a hydrophilic base film layer, the hydrophilic coating material, the hydrophilic coating is a hydrophilic base film 44, the hydrophilic base film 43 is prepared by the hydrophilic base film material, and the hydrophilic base film 44, the hydrophilic conductive material has the following steps: soaking a conductive base membrane polytetrafluoroethylene-based membrane into an anthraquinone disulfonic acid sodium solution, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10 min, drying for later use, dissolving pyrrole in an ethanol aqueous solution, and mixing with graphene, carbon fiber and metal oxide powder to obtain a composite material; soaking the polytetrafluoroethylene-based membrane with the anthraquinone disulfonic acid sodium into the composite material for surface polymerization adsorption, taking out, cleaning with pure water and drying.
The method takes artificially prepared organic wastewater as a treatment object, and comprises the following specific components in 1L of solution: 400 mg glucose, 330 mg NaCl, 134 mg NH 4 Cl、33 mg NaH 2 PO 4 、18 mg Na 2 HPO 4 、340 mg NaHCO 3 、15 mg MgSO 4 •7H 2 O、2 mg ZnSO 4 •7H 2 O、2.2 mg MnSO 4 •H 2 O、1 mg FeSO 4 、0.24 mg CoCl 2 •6H 2 O、15 mg CaCl 2 And 1.17 mg (NH) 4 ) 6 Mo 7 O 24 •4H 2 O, the refractory organic matters are 50 mg/L acenaphthene and 50 mg/L pyrene in the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. When the wastewater treatment device works, the water inlet pump 1 pumps wastewater into the wastewater tank, high-concentration organic wastewater is fully degraded by activated sludge flocs or zoogloea, organic matters which are difficult to degrade are decomposed and mineralized by electrochemical active microorganisms on the surface of a membrane material to be effectively removed, negative pressure is formed by the water outlet pump 2 to pump the wastewater out of the tank from the tank, and the wastewater is filtered from the water outlet 47 through the anode conducting film 4, so that the activated sludge can be intercepted. Working on the anodic conductive membrane 4 is shown in FIG. 3, the particulate state blocking the membrane pores or sticking during conventional MBR membrane foulingThe organic matter 46 is utilized by the electrochemically active microorganisms 45 enriched on the conductive film material, and the following anodic half-reactions occur:
organic + H 2 O → CO 2 + H + + e -
Organic matter is degraded to finally generate CO 2 Hydrogen ion H + And an electron e - The electrons are transferred to the cathode activated carbon felt 6 through a wire connected to the anode conductive film 4, and the electrons generate electric energy when passing through the resistor 5. At the initial stage of operation, the external circuit is disconnected, the potential difference between two electrodes is monitored, when the potential difference reaches more than 400mV, the anode is proved to have the enrichment of electrochemically active microorganisms, and the external circuit is connected and a resistor is inserted.
By adjusting the external resistance value, the potential difference between the two bioelectrochemical electrodes can be changed, and the oxidation-reduction potential on the anode conductive film 4 is also controlled. When the resistance value of the resistor 5 is 500 omega and 1000 omega, the membrane bioreactor for preventing membrane pollution has better degradation efficiency on organic matters in wastewater, particularly pollutants which are difficult to degrade, and the unit flux of the anode conductive membrane 4 is 1000L/(h.m) 2 ) The COD removal efficiency of the organic wastewater is up to 91.7% at most, the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons which are organic matters and are difficult to degrade is up to 37% -45%, meanwhile, in the operation process of the membrane bioreactor for preventing membrane pollution, the electrogenesis performance of a bioelectrochemical system can be up to 500 mV at most, the anode conductive membrane 4 degrades granular and dissolved organic matters on the surface of the membrane module, the blocking and scaling of membrane fibers are prevented, the increase of transmembrane pressure difference is greatly delayed, the transmembrane pressure difference reaches 40 kPa for 60 days under the condition that the hydraulic retention time is 4 days, and the effective working time is far longer than that of an MBR using a traditional fiber membrane.

Claims (8)

1. The membrane bioreactor for preventing membrane pollution is characterized by comprising a water inlet pump (1), a water outlet pump (2), an anode conducting film (4), a resistor (5) and a cathode activated carbon felt (6), wherein the water inlet pump (1) is connected to the lower end of a wastewater pool, the anode conducting film (4) is arranged in the wastewater pool, the anode conducting film (4) is connected with the water outlet pump (2), the cathode activated carbon felt (6) is communicated with the anode conducting film (4) through the resistor (5) to form an external current loop, the cathode activated carbon felt (6) is horizontally arranged on the water surface in the wastewater pool, and the anode conducting film (4) is vertically arranged in wastewater in the wastewater pool; the anode conductive film (4) consists of a lining plate (41), a flow guide cloth (42), a base film layer (43) and a hydrophilic conductive coating (44), wherein the flow guide cloth (42), the base film layer (43) and the hydrophilic conductive coating (44) are symmetrically covered on the lining plate (41) layer by layer; controlling the potential difference, the oxidation-reduction potential and the oxidation-reduction reaction rate of the anode and the cathode of the MBR by regulating and controlling an external resistor, wherein when the resistance value is high, a larger potential difference is formed between the anode of the membrane material and the cathode of the activated carbon felt, the surface and the interior of the membrane material are at a lower electrode potential, some organic matters which are difficult to degrade are subjected to electrode half-reaction at the electrode potential to release protons and electrons, and in the porous activated carbon felt cathode, oxygen molecules are used as a final electron acceptor and are subjected to cathode half-reaction with the electrons and the protons; when the external resistance value is reduced, the quantity of the electric charge of the electrons transferred from the bioelectrochemistry anode to the cathode is greatly increased, the directional flow of the electrons promotes the continuous degradation of the organic substrate of the anode, the degradation rate of the organic matter is improved, and the granular or viscous organic matter blocked on the surface and in the pores of the membrane is degraded in situ, so that the membrane pollution is inhibited; the hydrophilic conductive coating (44) is loaded on the base membrane layer (43) through the preparation process: firstly, immersing a polytetrafluoroethylene-based film of a conductive base film into an anthraquinone disulfonic acid sodium solution, performing ultrasonic treatment, drying for later use, dissolving pyrrole in an ethanol water solution, and mixing with graphene, carbon fiber and metal oxide powder to obtain a composite material; soaking the polytetrafluoroethylene-based membrane with the anthraquinone disulfonic acid sodium into the composite material for surface polymerization and adsorption, taking out, cleaning with pure water, and airing.
2. The membrane bioreactor for preventing membrane pollution according to claim 1, wherein a pressure gauge (3) is connected between the anode conductive membrane (4) and the water outlet pump (2).
3. The membrane bioreactor for preventing membrane pollution, according to claim 1, wherein said cathode activated carbon felt (6) is composed of a porous activated carbon felt conductive layer and a supporting layer, said supporting layer is located between two porous activated carbon felt conductive layers and is fixed by titanium wire.
4. The membrane bioreactor for preventing membrane pollution according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of the porous activated carbon felt conductive layer is 3 mm-10 mm, and the supporting layer is a metal mesh.
5. The membrane bioreactor for preventing membrane pollution according to claim 4, wherein the flow guide cloth (42) is made of hydrophilic non-woven fabric, and the hydrophilic conductive coating (44) is a polymer coating material with conductive property.
6. The membrane bioreactor for preventing membrane fouling according to claim 4, characterized in that the base membrane layer (43) is a supporting base membrane with permeability.
7. The membrane bioreactor for preventing membrane pollution, according to claim 5, wherein said polymer coating material is made by mixing pyrrole, graphene, carbon fiber, metal oxide powder.
8. The membrane bioreactor for preventing membrane pollution according to claim 1, wherein the resistor (5) is a constant value resistor or a variable resistor of 10 Ω -10000 Ω.
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CN114653209B (en) * 2022-03-21 2023-04-25 东南大学 Preparation method and application of magnetic conductive microfiltration membrane
CN114950141B (en) * 2022-06-08 2024-01-26 林金龙 Conductive separation film bag and application thereof
CN115069096B (en) * 2022-07-08 2023-03-31 辽宁工程技术大学 Inorganic membrane and preparation method and application thereof

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