CN111483387B - Improved air chamber and powder tank truck using same - Google Patents
Improved air chamber and powder tank truck using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN111483387B CN111483387B CN202010331680.0A CN202010331680A CN111483387B CN 111483387 B CN111483387 B CN 111483387B CN 202010331680 A CN202010331680 A CN 202010331680A CN 111483387 B CN111483387 B CN 111483387B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P3/00—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects
- B60P3/22—Tank vehicles
- B60P3/224—Tank vehicles comprising auxiliary devices, e.g. for unloading or level indicating
- B60P3/2245—Adaptations for loading or unloading
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Abstract
The invention discloses an improved air chamber and a powder tanker using the same, wherein the air chamber is provided with an air inlet for introducing air and an air outlet for discharging air. According to the invention, the air chamber of the powder tank truck is moved upwards, the ventilation ratio of the cloth bag is changed, and the intelligent ash discharge system is added, so that the ash deposition problem of three parts of the traditional powder tank truck which are easy to deposit ash is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of powder transportation, in particular to an improved air chamber and a powder tank truck using the same.
Background
The powder tanker is a special vehicle for loading and transporting bulk powder such as cement, stone powder, flour, chemical powder and the like used in cement plants, cement warehouses and large-scale construction sites, and the unloading speed is the core content of the powder tanker, so that the powder tanker has important influence on enhancing the core competitiveness of products, saving energy and reducing consumption.
The existing powder tanker has various structures and is mainly divided into a vertical tank body and a horizontal tank body, and the horizontal tank body has the advantages of high unloading operation speed, high efficiency and the like, so that the powder tanker is widely applied. The traditional tank car mainly comprises air chamber, fluidized bed, admission line, discharge pipeline, etc., its more commonly used unloading mode is pneumatic unloading, let in compressed air in the admission line through the air compressor at first, the admission line is divided into two, lead to two air chambers respectively, compressed air flows to the fluidized bed through the air chamber again, the fluidized bed generally comprises 8 (or 6) ventilative areas, for the sliding material board welded on the tank body in ventilative area both sides, compressed air makes the powder material close to ventilative layer in the suspended state through the ventilative layer of fluidization cloth on the perforated plate, when the suspension velocity of the material is in 1.9-5.473 mm/s, the material can realize the fluidization, and then make the material flow out by the discharge pipeline, reach the mesh of unloading.
However, the fluidized bed structure has a great disadvantage in discharging, which causes a great accumulation of materials in three parts. Firstly, because the joint of the end enclosure air chamber and the fluidized bed is a windless dead zone and the height difference exists between the joint part and the tank body, the part can not form fluidization, thereby the material accumulation phenomenon occurs. From the point of view of on-site ash deposition, the ash deposition of this part is relatively high, accounting for about 1/3 or more of the total ash deposition. Secondly, because the fluidized bed comprises the sack, and the sack has the ventilative structure in ventilative upper portion of below, and this kind of structure is in case after letting in compressed air in the sack, and the sack inflation can cause a difference in height of jar wall and expanded sack, and this part is airtight, causes this part material can not produce the fluidization, and then the material phenomenon of piling up appears. Finally, in the latter period of unloading, most of the compressed air flows out from the exposed area due to the exposure of the fluidized bed, and a small part of the compressed air enters the material accumulation area. The fluid at the exposed part flows in the tank body to supply pressure to the material accumulation area in turn, so that the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the fluidized bed in the area is reduced, and the material accumulation in the area is further increased. Moreover, because the operation is improper in the existing ash discharging process, a supercharging device is not arranged in the discharging process, and a full-open valve discharges materials during discharging, the pressure in the tank body is small; moreover, the air compressor machine is fixed, and the inboard pressure of fluidized bed is certain, can make the inside and outside both sides pressure differential increase delta P of fluidized bed like this, and after the fluidized bed exposes, delta P increases, causes most gas to flow away from the fluidized bed that exposes, and the fluidized bed part gas that does not expose is not enough, and the material can not fluidize completely, also can cause the deposition phenomenon.
This has both increased the waste of resource, has also great reduction the efficiency of unloading. Therefore, a method capable of well solving the phenomenon is needed, so that the powder tank truck can discharge more efficiently and quickly, the energy consumption is reduced, and the economic benefit and the social benefit are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to avoid and overcome the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides an improved air chamber and a powder tank truck using the same. According to the invention, the air chamber of the powder tank truck is moved upwards, the ventilation ratio of the cloth bag is changed, and the intelligent ash discharge system is added, so that the ash deposition problem of three parts of the traditional powder tank truck which are easy to deposit ash is solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an improved air chamber is provided with an air inlet for introducing air and an air outlet for discharging the air, and is characterized in that a flow limiting plate is arranged in the air chamber, the flow limiting plate divides the air chamber into an air inlet chamber with the air inlet and an air outlet chamber with the air outlet, and a gap for allowing air to pass through and rectifying and accelerating the air is arranged on the flow limiting plate and/or between the flow limiting plate and the wall of the air chamber.
As a further scheme of the invention: the flow limiting plate is horizontally arranged, the plate end of the side of the flow limiting plate where the gap is located is bent towards the direction of the air outlet so as to form a guide section, and the top end of the guide section is provided with a flow guide section; an 'eight' -shaped flow guide structure with an opening gradually expanding outwards along the airflow advancing direction is formed between the flow guide section and the wall of the air chamber.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the guide section is parallel to the wall of the gas chamber close to the guide section, the distance delta between the guide section and the wall of the gas chamber close to the guide section is 1/20 d-1/5 d, the length L of the guide section is 1/12 d-1 d, wherein d is the diameter of the gas inlet, and the included angle theta between the guide section and the flow guide section is 15-60 degrees.
The powder tanker using the improved air chamber is characterized by comprising a tank body for loading, separating and drying materials, wherein the tank body is provided with a pipeline system for gas conveying and discharging; a fluidized bed used for converting materials in the tank body into fluidization is arranged in the tank body, and the fluidized bed consists of at least one breathable cloth bag; the tank is characterized in that air chambers are arranged at the front end and the rear end in the tank body and at the positions higher than the fluidized bed, and the two ends of the fluidized bed are communicated with the air outlets of the air chambers.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the air chamber is formed by sealing and enclosing a first fixing plate, a second fixing plate and the tank wall of the tank body, and an air outlet of the air chamber is formed in the bottom of the air chamber.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the fluidized bed comprises two sections which are not connected with each other in the front and the back, one end of each of the two fluidized beds is directly connected with the air outlets of the front air chamber and the back air chamber, the end, far away from the air chambers, of each of the two fluidized beds is in a closed state, and a blank area convenient for discharging is formed between the closed ends of the two fluidized beds.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the upper part of a cloth bag of the fluidized bed is a breathable part, the lower part of the fluidized bed is an airtight part, and the ratio of the breathable part to the airtight part of the cloth bag at the inner side of the fluidized bed is 1: 1, the ratio of the air permeable part to the air impermeable part of the outermost cloth bag of the fluidized bed is 7: 5-43: 29, so that the part, which is not in contact with the tank body, of the surface of the outermost cloth bag is in an air permeable state when the cloth bag is filled with air and rises.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the gas chamber is arranged at the top of the front end and the rear end of the tank body, and the two ends of the fluidized bed correspondingly extend upwards and are communicated with the gas outlet of the gas chamber; the front end and the rear end of the tank body are arc-shaped, an excessive bending area is formed at the intersection of the arc-shaped surfaces of the front end and the rear end and the bottom of the tank body, a transition plate for preventing the cloth bag from being excessively bent is obliquely arranged in the excessive bending area, the transition plate is positioned between the tank body and the cloth bag, and the included angle between the transition plate and the horizontal plane is 30-35 degrees.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the pipeline system comprises a main air inlet pipe for introducing high-pressure air into the tank body, a discharge pipe for discharging materials out of the tank body and an intelligent control ash discharging system for controlling the pressure difference between the air chamber and the tank body; the main air inlet pipe is arranged on the outer side of the tank body, one end of the main air inlet pipe is connected with an air compressor capable of generating compressed air, the other end of the main air inlet pipe is divided into a front air inlet pipe and a rear air inlet pipe, one end, far away from the main air inlet pipe, of the front air inlet pipe penetrates through the tank body and is communicated with an air inlet of an air chamber at the front end of the tank body, one end, far away from the main air inlet pipe, of the rear air inlet pipe penetrates through the tank body and is communicated with an air inlet of an; the discharge tube runs through the tank body, the one end that the discharge tube is located the tank body is external is connected with the unloading pump, the one end mouth of pipe that the discharge tube is located the tank body is just to tank body bottom.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the intelligent control ash unloading system comprises an external air source connected to a main air inlet pipe, a forward air control valve arranged at an air inlet of an air chamber at the front end of a tank body, a backward air control valve arranged at an air inlet of an air chamber at the rear end of the tank body and a pressure relief control valve arranged on the tank body and used for relieving pressure in the tank, wherein the external air source is provided with the external air source control valve, flow meters are arranged at the upstream parts of the forward air control valve, the backward air control valve, the pressure relief control valve and the external air source control valve, and pressure sensors for measuring pressure intensity are arranged on the wall of the air chamber in the two air chambers and the wall of the; the discharge pipe is provided with a discharge control valve, the main air inlet pipe is provided with a secondary blowing-assisting control valve for assisting in discharging, and flowmeters are arranged at the upstream of the discharge control valve and the secondary blowing-assisting control valve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. when the gas guiding device is used, in the discharging process, high-pressure gas is introduced into the top of the gas chamber, the high-pressure gas is secondarily compressed in the gas chamber through a gap between the guiding section and the wall of the gas chamber, the gas is rectified and accelerated to move towards the gas outlet, the gas passing through the guiding section is uniformly diffused under the action of the guiding section, and finally the gas enters the fluidized bed through the gas outlet; because of the flow limiting plate, the gas in the gas chamber can flow faster without overlarge volume of the gas chamber, and the gas can be diffused more uniformly, so that the volume of the gas chamber can be reduced to achieve the purpose of light weight, the weight of the gas chamber reaches about two thirds of the original weight, and more powder can be loaded in the tank body.
2. When the invention is used, after the air chamber moves upwards, the material moves downwards under the action of the gravity of the air chamber, thereby solving the problem of material accumulation caused by the height difference between the joint part of the original bag-type fluidized bed and the tank body.
3. When the invention is used, after the ventilation proportion of the outermost cloth bag of the traditional cloth bag is changed, the part of the surface which is not contacted with the tank body is in a ventilation state when the outermost cloth bag is filled with gas and is expanded, thereby eliminating the phenomenon of dust accumulation at two sides of the fluidized bed.
4. When the invention is used, compressed gas enters the fluidized bed from the bottom of the air chamber, and because the pressure in the fluidized bed is higher than the pressure in the tank body, high-pressure gas enters the tank body through the cloth bag, powder and particle materials close to the breathable cloth in the tank body are in a suspension state, and when the suspension speed of the materials is 1.9-5.473 mm/s, the materials can be fluidized, so that the materials are discharged through the discharge pipe, are connected with the air compressor through the main air inlet pipe, and continuously convey compressed air for the air chamber, so that the discharging process is more stable, and the compressed air is used as high-pressure gas, and the cost is low; the discharge pump control discharge tube is unloaded, and the discharge tube mouth of pipe aims at jar body bottom central point and puts, has effectively improved the efficiency of unloading.
5. When the invention is used, in the latter half-stage discharging process, because the material is reduced and the tank body is in a V shape, the part of the surface of the fluidized bed close to the gas chamber is gradually exposed, most of the gas flows into the tank body from the exposed area of the fluidized bed, so that the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the exposed area of the fluidized bed is larger, only a small part of the gas flows out from the area subjected to material accumulation, the gas flowing out from the exposed area of the fluidized bed flows in the tank body and reversely forms a downward force on the material accumulation area, so that the gas flow of the area subjected to material accumulation of the fluidized bed is further reduced, the material above the material accumulation area can not form fluidization and can not flow smoothly to a discharge port to form material accumulation, at the moment, the intelligent control ash discharging system starts to work, the pressure difference between the gas chamber and the tank body is fed back by the, when the detected pressure difference is too low, the opening sizes of an external air source control valve, a front seal head air inlet control valve, a rear seal head air inlet control valve and a tank internal pressure relief control valve are increased, so that the pressure difference returns to the range of 0.15-0.22 Mpa; when the detected pressure difference is too high, the opening sizes of an external air source control valve, a front seal head air inlet control valve, a rear seal head air inlet control valve and a tank internal pressure relief control valve are reduced, so that the pressure difference returns to the range of 0.15-0.22 Mpa; meanwhile, the flow meter monitors the flow in real time, so that the material accumulation of the latter half of discharging is effectively prevented, and the discharging efficiency is accelerated; meanwhile, the unloading rate can be manually controlled by adjusting the unloading control valve and the secondary blowing-assisting control valve.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the powder tanker.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the powder tanker after the gas chamber moves upwards.
Fig. 3A and 3B are schematic structural views of the gas chamber of the powder tanker.
Fig. 4A and 4B are schematic structural views of the powder tanker after the gas chamber moves upwards.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the restrictor plate.
Fig. 6A, 6B, 6C, and 6D are schematic cross-sectional views of the runner groove.
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the tank body of the powder tanker.
Fig. 8 is a plan view of the fluidized bed in the powder tanker.
FIG. 9 is an analysis diagram of the reason for the middle ash deposit during the fluidized bed unloading in the existing powder tanker.
Fig. 10A is a schematic cross-sectional view of the outermost cloth bag in the existing powder tanker.
Fig. 10B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the outermost cloth bag in the powder tanker.
Fig. 11 is an optimized schematic diagram of the outermost cloth bag in the powder tanker.
Fig. 12 is a schematic position diagram of the transition plate in the powder tank truck.
Fig. 13 is a schematic sectional view of the flow dividing strip in the powder tanker.
FIG. 14 is a schematic sectional view of a fluidized bed using a flow dividing strip in the present powder tanker.
FIG. 15 is a top view of three fluidized beds using a flow dividing strip in the powder tanker.
Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent control ash discharge system in the powder tanker.
In the figure: 1-air chamber 2-flow limiting plate 3-tank 4-fixing plate one 5-fixing plate two
6-fluidized bed 7-main air inlet pipe 8-rear air inlet pipe 9-discharge pipe 10-front air inlet pipe
11-transition plate 12-shunt strip 13-air compressor 14-external air source
a-guide section b-guide section C-overbending region D-permeable section E-impermeable section
F-diversion area X-first diversion area Y-second diversion area Z-third diversion area
A1-external air supply control valve A2-front air control valve A3-rear air control valve
A4-secondary blowing-aid control valve A5-pressure-relief control valve A6-discharge control valve
A7-flowmeter A8-pressure sensor
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 16, in the embodiment, the powder tanker comprises the following components:
the tank body 3 is used for loading powder and particle dry materials, and a pipeline system for gas transmission and discharging is arranged on the tank body 3;
the gas chamber 1 is arranged at the front end and the rear end of the tank body 3, a gas inlet for introducing gas is formed in the gas chamber 1, and a gas outlet for discharging gas is formed in the gas chamber 1;
the fluidized bed 6 is arranged at the bottom of the tank body 3 along the length direction of the tank body 3, and two ends of the fluidized bed 6 are communicated with the air outlet of the air chamber 1.
An air chamber part:
the air chamber 1 is internally provided with a flow limiting plate 2, the flow limiting plate 2 divides the air chamber 1 into an air inlet chamber with an air inlet and an air outlet chamber with an air outlet, and a gap for air flow to pass through and for rectification and acceleration of the air flow is formed on the flow limiting plate 2 and/or between the flow limiting plate 2 and the air chamber wall.
There are three cases of the gap here:
1. the flow restriction plate 2 is provided with a gap for air flow to pass through.
2. A gap for the gas flow to pass through is formed between the restrictor plate 2 and the wall of the gas chamber.
3. The restrictor plate 2 has a gap for air flow to pass through, and a gap for air flow to pass through is also formed between the restrictor plate 2 and the air chamber wall.
The preferred embodiment is here that the restrictor plate 2 forms a gap between the chamber wall through which the gas flow passes.
The air chamber 1 is formed by sealing and enclosing a first fixing plate 4, a second fixing plate 5 and the tank wall of the tank body 3; the connection mode of the first fixing plate 4 and the second fixing plate 5 with the tank body 3 can be selected as welding; the air inlet is preferably arranged at the top of the air chamber 1, and the air outlet is preferably arranged at the bottom of the air chamber 1; the air chamber 1 has two mounting modes:
1) as shown in figure 1, the air chamber 1 is arranged at the front end and the rear end of the tank body and is not higher than the fluidized bed 6; here, the height of the fluidized bed 6 is not higher, which means that the gas outlet of the gas chamber 1 is not higher than the height of the fluidized bed 6. At this time, as shown in fig. 3A and 3B, the first fixing plate 4 is located below the second fixing plate 5, the first fixing plate 4 is vertical, and the second fixing plate 5 is inclined.
Because installed the current-limiting plate additional and made air chamber 1 not need too big volume can make the air current reach the homogeneous state, consequently can shorten fixed plate 4 length, simultaneously with two 5 downstream of fixed plate to reduce the air chamber 1 volume and in order to reach the purpose of lightweight, let air chamber 1 weight reach about two-thirds of original weight, make the internal energy of jar 3 load more powder.
2) As shown in FIG. 2, the gas chamber 1 is arranged at the front end and the rear end of the tank body 3 and is higher than the fluidized bed 6; the height higher than the fluidized bed 6 means that the gas outlet of the gas chamber 1 is higher than the height of the fluidized bed 6, and the gas chamber 1 is preferably arranged at the tops of the front end and the rear end of the tank 3. At this time, as shown in fig. 4A and 4B, the first fixing plate 4 is located below the second fixing plate 5, the first fixing plate 4 is inclined, and the second fixing plate 5 is vertical.
Make air chamber 1 not need too big volume can make the air current reach the homogeneous state owing to install current-limiting plate 2 additional after, consequently can shorten two 5 lengths of fixed plate, move fixed plate one 4 upwards simultaneously to reduce air chamber 1 volume and in order to reach the lightweight purpose, let air chamber 1 weight reach about two-thirds of original weight, make the internal energy of jar 3 load more powder.
The flow restriction plate 2 is horizontally arranged, the plate end of the side of the gap of the flow restriction plate 2 is bent towards the direction of the air outlet to form a guide section a, and the top end of the guide section a is provided with a flow guide section b; an 'eight' -shaped flow guide structure with an opening gradually expanding outwards along the airflow advancing direction is formed between the flow guide section b and the wall of the air chamber. The intersection of the flow restriction plate 2, the guide section a and the guide section b is in smooth transition.
The guide section a is parallel to the wall of the gas chamber close to the guide section a, the distance delta between the guide section a and the wall of the gas chamber close to the guide section a is 1/20 d-1/5 d, the length L of the guide section a is 1/12 d-1 d, wherein d is the diameter of the gas inlet, and the included angle theta between the guide section a and the flow guide section b is 15-60 degrees.
The restrictor plate may be welded or riveted to the gas chamber wall, wherein the restrictor plate has a variety of mounting locations, as exemplified by:
the flow limiting plate is fixed on the tank wall of the tank body, and the guide plate is parallel to the first fixing plate
② the flow limiting plate is fixed on the tank wall of the tank body, the guide plate is parallel to the second fixing plate
The current limiting plate is fixed on the first fixing plate, and the guide plate is parallel to the tank wall
Fourthly, the current-limiting plate is fixed on the second fixed plate, and the guide plate is parallel to the tank wall
In the above-described embodiment, the restrictor plate 2 is not limited to be installed horizontally, and the restrictor plate 2 itself may be inclined.
The restrictor plate 2, the first fixing plate 4 and the second fixing plate 5 are preferably made of light metal material or carbon fiber material.
Fluidized bed part:
the fluidized bed 6 comprises two sections which are not connected with each other in the front and the back, one end of each of the two fluidized beds 6 is directly connected with the air outlets of the two air chambers 1 in the front and the back respectively, one end of each of the two fluidized beds 6, which is far away from the air chambers 1, is in a closed state, and a blank area which is convenient for discharging is formed between the closed ends of the two fluidized beds 6. The blank area here is in the shape of a "medium" as shown in fig. 8, and may be in the shape of a long bar in addition to the "medium" shape.
There are at least three options for the fluidized bed 6, one listed below:
1) the fluidized bed 6 is composed of at least one air-permeable cloth bag
The number of the cloth bags is preferably 6-8
The upper part of a cloth bag of the fluidized bed 6 is provided with an air-permeable part D, the lower part of the cloth bag is provided with an air-impermeable part E, and the ratio of the air-permeable part D to the air-impermeable part E of the cloth bag at the inner side of the fluidized bed is 1: 1, the ratio of the air permeable part D and the air impermeable part E of the outermost cloth bag of the fluidized bed 6 is 7: 5-43: 29, so that the parts of the outermost cloth bag, which are not in contact with the tank body when the inside of the cloth bag is filled with air and rises as shown in figure 11, are all in an air permeable state.
When the air chamber 1 moves upwards, the end part of the cloth bag correspondingly extends upwards and is communicated with the air outlet of the air chamber 1.
As the front end and the rear end of the tank body (3) are arc-shaped, the intersection of the arc-shaped surfaces of the front end and the rear end and the bottom of the tank body (3) forms an over-bending area (C) as shown in figure 12, the over-bending area (C) is obliquely provided with a transition plate (11) for preventing the cloth bag from being excessively bent, the transition plate (11) is positioned between the tank body (3) and the cloth bag, and the included angle between the transition plate (11) and the horizontal plane is 30-35 degrees
2) The fluidized bed 6 is at least two flow dividing strips 12
The shunt strip 12 here has two meanings
1. The flow dividing strips 12 refer to various convex structures, a flow channel groove is formed between two convex structures, the 6-8 convex structures are connected together to form the fluidized bed, the flow channel groove has various shapes, and the cross sections are shown in fig. 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D, which are listed as follows:
the cross section of the runner groove is a semicircle with an upward opening. The radius r of the semicircle is 0.3-0.6 d, wherein d is the diameter of the air inlet.
And secondly, the cross section of the runner groove is a boss type structure consisting of a semicircle and a trapezoid, and the runner groove is formed between the adjacent boss type structures. The lower half part of the boss type structure is an isosceles trapezoid, the upper half part of the boss type structure is a semicircle with a downward opening, the diameter of the semicircle is equal to the length of the upper bottom of the isosceles trapezoid, the radius r of the semicircle is 0.25 d-0.75 d, the height h of the isosceles trapezoid is 0.18 d-0.07 d, the length b of the lower bottom of the isosceles trapezoid is 1.7 d-0.7 d, the bottoms of the adjacent boss type structures can be directly connected or have a certain distance x, the length of the distance x is 0.6 d-1 d, and d is the diameter of an air inlet.
The cross section of the runner groove is an isosceles triangle with an upward tip, and the runner groove is formed between every two adjacent isosceles triangles. The height c of the isosceles triangle is 0.26 d-0.6 d, the length t of the bottom side of the isosceles triangle is 1 d-2 d, and d is the diameter of the air inlet.
The cross section of the runner groove is formed by connecting a semicircle with an upward opening and one end of a semicircle with a downward opening, the cross section of the runner groove is wavy after being integrally connected, the radius r of the semicircle is 0.25 d-0.75 d, and d is the diameter of the air inlet.
The runner groove is paved with a breathable material and forms a fluid channel together with the breathable material. The air-permeable material is air-permeable cloth, including leather cloth, cotton linen cloth, chemical fiber cloth, etc. When the breathable cloth is laid, the breathable cloth can be fixed by using rivets, meanwhile, the surface of the breathable cloth is tightly pressed by using a pressing strip, and the pressing strip is an arc-shaped pressing strip which can prevent dust from remaining on the pressing strip. If the ventilating cloth is too long at the interface of the fluidized bed 6 and the air chamber 1, the too long part of the ventilating cloth can be tightly pressed and fixed on the air chamber 1 by the pressing strip.
The runner groove structure is preferably directly arranged at the bottom of the tank body 3, so that the bottom of the tank body 3 is in the shape of the runner groove; the runner groove can also be formed and fixed at the bottom of the tank body 3, wherein the forming process can be integrated forming or sectional casting and finally welding together.
When the air chamber 1 moves upwards, the runner groove and the breathable cloth correspondingly extend upwards along the tank body so as to be communicated with the air outlet of the air chamber 1.
2. The shunt strips 12 are here, as literally understood, strip-shaped
The cross section of the flow dividing strip 12 is formed by connecting a square part below the cross section shown in figure 13 and an isosceles trapezoid part above the cross section shown in figure 13 into a whole, wherein the length c of the square part is 12-16 mm, the width b of the square part is 8-12 mm, the width b of the square part is equal to the length of the lower bottom of the isosceles trapezoid part, the height h of the isosceles trapezoid part is 3-7 mm, and the upper bottom a of the isosceles trapezoid part is 1-3 mm.
The distributing strips 12 are paved with air-permeable materials, and the runner grooves formed by the adjacent distributing strips 12 are matched with the air-permeable materials to form fluid channels. The air-permeable material is air-permeable cloth, including leather cloth, cotton linen cloth, chemical fiber cloth, etc. When the breathable cloth is laid, the breathable cloth can be fixed by using rivets, meanwhile, the surface of the breathable cloth is tightly pressed by using a pressing strip, and the pressing strip is an arc-shaped pressing strip which can prevent dust from remaining on the pressing strip. If the ventilating cloth is too long at the interface of the fluidized bed 6 and the air chamber 1, the too long part of the ventilating cloth can be tightly pressed and fixed on the air chamber 1 by the pressing strip.
The shunting bars 12 are preferably directly arranged at the bottom of the tank body 3, so that the bottom of the tank body 3 is in a shunting bar shape, and the number of the shunting bars 12 is preferably 14-16; the flow dividing strips 12 can also be formed and welded to the bottom of the can body 3.
When the air chamber 1 moves upwards, the flow dividing strips and the breathable cloth correspondingly extend upwards along the tank body so as to be communicated with the air outlet of the air chamber 1
The flow dividing strips 12 can be arranged in parallel or in a staggered manner as shown in fig. 15, and when the flow dividing strips are arranged in a staggered manner, the fluidized bed 6 is divided into four areas, namely a flow guiding area F, a first flow dividing area X, a second flow dividing area Y and a third flow dividing area Z in sequence from the air inlet end to the direction far away from the air inlet end of the fluidized bed 6; the flow guiding region F here communicates directly with the air outlet of the air chamber 1.
If the positions of the diversion strips arranged in the diversion area F, the first diversion area X, the second diversion area Y and the third diversion area Z are divided into odd columns and even columns, the diversion area F is provided with the diversion strips 12 in the odd columns and the even columns, and the diversion strips 12 in the first diversion area X, the second diversion area Y and the third diversion area Z are arranged under the following conditions
Firstly, the first shunt area X, the second shunt area Y and the third shunt area Z are all provided with shunt bars 12 at odd-numbered rows;
the first sub-flow area X, the second sub-flow area Y and the third sub-flow area Z are provided with flow dividing strips 12 at even-numbered rows;
thirdly, the first shunt area X is provided with shunt strips 12 at odd-numbered rows, and the second shunt area Y and the third shunt area Z are both provided with shunt strips 12 at even-numbered rows;
the first flow dividing area X and the third flow dividing area Z are both provided with flow dividing strips 12 at odd-numbered columns, and the second flow dividing area Y is provided with flow dividing strips 12 at even-numbered columns;
the first flow dividing area X and the second flow dividing area Y are both provided with flow dividing strips 12 at odd-numbered rows, and the third flow dividing area Z is provided with flow dividing strips 12 at even-numbered rows;
sixthly, the first flow dividing area X is provided with flow dividing strips 12 at even column positions, and the second flow dividing area Y and the third flow dividing area Z are provided with flow dividing strips 12 at odd column positions;
the first current dividing area X and the second current dividing area Y are provided with current dividing strips 12 at even column positions, and the third current dividing area Z is provided with current dividing strips 12 at odd column positions;
and the first shunting areas X and the third shunting areas Z are provided with shunting bars 12 at even column positions, and the second shunting areas Y are provided with shunting bars 12 at odd column positions.
Wherein, the length of the diversion area F is fixed and the total length of the first diversion area X, the second diversion area Y and the third diversion area Z is not changed, but the length of each area of the first diversion area X, the second diversion area Y and the third diversion area Z can be changed; the preferable length ratio among the diversion area F, the first diversion area X, the second diversion area Y and the third diversion area Z is 1:5:5:5 or 3:10:15:20 or 3:20:15:10, and the ratio can be adjusted in a floating mode.
3) The fluidized bed 6 is at least one salient point structure
The salient point structures are cylindrical salient points, or conical salient points, prismatic salient points and the like, the number of the salient point structures is determined according to the length of the powder tank truck, the distance between the adjacent salient point structures is 5-8cm, and the salient point structures can be uniformly and alternately arranged like the shunt strips.
The salient point structure is paved with a breathable material and matched with the breathable material to form a staggered and shunted fluid channel. The breathable material is breathable cloth, and comprises leather cloth, cotton linen cloth, chemical fiber cloth and the like.
The salient point structure is directly arranged at the bottom of the tank body 3 or welded at the bottom of the tank body 3 after being processed and formed.
When the air chamber 1 moves upwards, the salient point structure and the breathable cloth correspondingly extend upwards along the surface of the tank body 3, so that the end part of the fluidized bed 6 can be communicated with the air outlet.
A pipeline system:
the pipeline system comprises a main air inlet pipe 7 for introducing high-pressure air into the tank body 3, a discharge pipe 9 for discharging materials out of the tank, and an intelligent control ash discharging system for controlling the pressure difference between the air chamber 1 and the tank body 3; the main air inlet pipe 7 is arranged on the outer side of the tank body 3, one end of the main air inlet pipe 7 is connected with an air compressor 13 capable of generating compressed air, the other end of the main air inlet pipe 7 is divided into a front air inlet pipe 10 and a rear air inlet pipe 8, one end, far away from the main air inlet pipe 7, of the front air inlet pipe 10 penetrates through the tank body 3 and is communicated with an air inlet of the air chamber 1 at the front end of the tank body 3, one end, far away from the main air inlet pipe 7, of the rear air inlet pipe 8 penetrates through the tank body 3 and is communicated with an air inlet of the air chamber; the discharge tube 9 runs through the tank body 3, the end of the discharge tube 9, which is positioned outside the tank body 3, is connected with a discharge pump, and the orifice of the end of the discharge tube 9, which is positioned inside the tank body 3, is opposite to the bottom of the tank body 3.
The tank body 3 is preferably a V-shaped tank body, and the pressure difference between the intelligent control ash discharging system control air chamber 1 and the tank body 3 is 0.15-0.22 MPa.
The intelligent control ash unloading system is shown in fig. 16, and comprises an external air source 14 connected to a main air inlet pipe 7, an air inlet control valve a2 arranged at an air inlet of an air chamber 1 at the front end of a tank body 3, a rear air control valve A3 arranged at an air inlet of an air chamber 1 at the rear end of the tank body 3, and a pressure relief control valve a5 arranged on the tank body 3 for relieving pressure in the tank, wherein the external air source 14 is provided with the external air source control valve a1, flow meters a7 are arranged at the upstream of the air inlet control valve a2, the rear air control valve A3, the pressure relief control valve a5 and the external air source control valve a1, and pressure sensors A8 for measuring pressure are arranged on the wall of the air chamber in the two air chambers 1 and the wall of the tank; the discharging pipe 9 is provided with a discharging control valve A6, the main air inlet pipe 7 is provided with a secondary blowing-assisting control valve A4 for assisting discharging, and flow meters A7 are arranged at the upstream parts of the discharging control valve A6 and the secondary blowing-assisting control valve A4.
The valve end of the secondary blowing-assisting control valve A4 is externally connected with a secondary blowing-assisting pipe for assisting in discharging air injected into the main air inlet pipe.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the invention is used, in the discharging process, high-pressure gas is introduced into the top of the gas chamber 1, the high-pressure gas is secondarily compressed in the gas chamber 1 through a gap between the guide section and the wall of the gas chamber, the gas is rectified and accelerated to move towards the gas outlet, the gas passing through the guide section is uniformly diffused under the action of the guide section, and finally enters the fluidized bed 6 through the gas outlet; because of the flow limiting plate, the gas in the gas chamber can flow faster without overlarge volume of the gas chamber, and the diffusion is more uniform, so that the volume of the gas chamber 1 can be reduced to achieve the purpose of light weight, the weight of the gas chamber reaches about two thirds of the original weight, and more powder can be loaded in the tank body 3.
After the air chamber 1 moves upwards, the material moves downwards under the action of the gravity of the material, so that the problem of material accumulation caused by the height difference between the joint part of the original bag type fluidized bed and the tank body is solved.
After the ventilation proportion of the outermost cloth bag of the traditional cloth bag is changed, the part of the surface, which is not contacted with the tank body when the outermost cloth bag is filled with gas and is raised, is in a ventilation state, and the phenomenon of dust deposition on two sides of a fluidized bed is eliminated.
The fluidized bed with the traditional cloth bag structure is cancelled, and the fluidized bed is changed into a flow distribution strip or convex point structure with the surface paved with breathable cloth, so that the surface of the fluidized bed is changed into a fully breathable state, and the phenomenon of dust deposition on two sides of the fluidized bed is eliminated; and the shunting strips and the salient point structures are directly arranged at the bottom of the tank body, the end part of the fluidized bed is directly connected with the air outlet of the air chamber, no air dead zone at the joint of the cloth bag and the air chamber exists, and the problem of material accumulation caused by the height difference between the joint of the original cloth bag type fluidized bed and the tank body is solved.
The shunting strips or the salient point structures are arranged in a staggered mode, so that airflow in the fluidized bed flows more uniformly, and the fluidization effect on materials is better.
Compressed gas enters the fluidized bed 6 from the bottom of the air chamber 1, and because the pressure in the fluidized bed 6 is higher than the pressure in the tank body 3, high-pressure gas enters the tank body 3 through the breathable cloth, so that powder and particle materials close to the breathable cloth in the tank body 3 are in a suspension state, when the suspension speed of the materials is 1.9-5.473 mm/s, the materials can be fluidized, and are discharged through the discharge pipe 9, and are connected with the air compressor 13 through the main air inlet pipe 7 to continuously convey compressed air to the air chamber 1, so that the discharging process is more stable, and the compressed air is used as high-pressure gas, so that the cost is low; the control of discharge pump discharge tube 9 unloads, and the 9 mouths of tubes of discharge tube aim at jar body bottom central point and put, have effectively improved the efficiency of unloading.
In the second half of the discharging process, because the material is reduced and the tank body 3 is V-shaped, the part of the surface of the fluidized bed 6 close to the air chamber 1 is gradually exposed, most of the gas flows into the tank body 3 from the exposed area of the fluidized bed 6, so that the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the exposed area of the fluidized bed 6 is larger, only a small part of the gas flows out from the area where the material is stacked, the gas flowing out from the exposed area of the fluidized bed 6 flows in the tank body 3 and forms a downward force on the material stacking area, so that the gas flow of the area where the material is stacked of the fluidized bed 6 is further reduced, the material above the material stacking area can not form fluidization and can not flow smoothly to a discharging opening to form material stacking, at the moment, the intelligent control ash discharging system starts to work, the pressure difference between the air chamber 1 and the tank body 3 is fed back through the, when the detected pressure difference is too low, the opening sizes of an external air source control valve, a front seal head air inlet control valve, a rear seal head air inlet control valve and a tank internal pressure relief control valve are increased, so that the pressure difference returns to the range of 0.15-0.22 Mpa; when the detected pressure difference is too high, the opening sizes of an external air source control valve, a front seal head air inlet control valve, a rear seal head air inlet control valve and a tank internal pressure relief control valve are reduced, so that the pressure difference returns to the range of 0.15-0.22 Mpa; meanwhile, the flow meter monitors the flow in real time, so that the material accumulation of the latter half of discharging is effectively prevented, and the discharging efficiency is accelerated; meanwhile, the unloading rate can be manually controlled by adjusting the unloading control valve and the secondary blowing-assisting control valve.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An improved air chamber is characterized in that a flow limiting plate (2) is arranged in the air chamber (1), the flow limiting plate (2) divides the air chamber (1) into an air inlet chamber with an air inlet and an air outlet chamber with an air outlet, and a gap for air flow to pass through and for rectification and acceleration of the air flow is formed on the flow limiting plate (2) and/or between the flow limiting plate (2) and the wall of the air chamber;
the flow limiting plate (2) is horizontally arranged, the plate end of the side of the gap of the flow limiting plate (2) is bent towards the direction of the air outlet to form a guide section (a), and the top end of the guide section (a) is provided with a flow guide section (b); an eight-shaped diversion structure with an opening gradually expanding outwards along the airflow advancing direction is formed between the diversion section (b) and the wall of the air chamber.
2. An improved gas cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein said guide section (a) is parallel to the adjacent cell wall at a distance δ of 1/20 d-1/5 d, said guide section (a) has a length L of 1/12 d-1 d, where d is the diameter of the gas inlet, and the angle θ between said guide section (a) and said guide section (b) is 15-60 °.
3. A powder tanker using an improved air chamber according to claim 1, characterized by comprising a tank body (3) for loading separated and dried materials, wherein the tank body (3) is provided with a pipeline system for gas transmission and discharge; a fluidized bed (6) for converting materials in the tank body (3) into fluidization is arranged in the tank body (3), and the fluidized bed (6) consists of at least one breathable cloth bag; the air chamber (1) is arranged at the position higher than the fluidized bed (6) at the front end and the rear end in the tank body (3), and the two ends of the fluidized bed (6) are communicated with the air outlet of the air chamber (1).
4. The powder tanker according to claim 3, wherein the air chamber (1) is formed by sealing and enclosing a first fixing plate (4), a second fixing plate (5) and the tank wall of the tank body (3), and the air outlet of the air chamber (1) is arranged at the bottom of the air chamber (1).
5. The powder tanker according to claim 3, wherein the fluidized bed (6) comprises two sections that are not connected with each other, one end of the two fluidized beds (6) is directly connected with the air outlets of the front and rear air chambers (1), the end of the fluidized bed (6) far away from the air chambers (1) is closed, and a blank area for facilitating discharging is formed between the closed ends of the two fluidized beds (6).
6. The powder tanker according to claim 3, wherein the fluidized bed (6) has an air permeable part (D) above the cloth bag and an air impermeable part (E) below the cloth bag, and the ratio of the air permeable part (D) to the air impermeable part (E) of the cloth bag inside the fluidized bed is 1: 1, the ratio of the air permeable part (D) to the air impermeable part (E) of the outermost cloth bag of the fluidized bed (6) is 7: 5-43: 29, so that the part, which is not contacted with the tank body, of the outermost cloth bag surface is in an air permeable state when the cloth bag is filled with gas and rises.
7. The powder tanker according to claim 3, wherein the gas chamber (1) is arranged at the top of the front and rear ends of the tank (3), and the two ends of the fluidized bed (6) extend upward correspondingly and are communicated with the gas outlet of the gas chamber (1); the front end and the rear end of the tank body (3) are arc-shaped, an excessive bending area (C) is formed at the intersection of the arc-shaped surfaces of the front end and the rear end and the bottom of the tank body (3), a transition plate (11) for preventing the cloth bag from being excessively bent is obliquely arranged in the excessive bending area (C), the transition plate (11) is positioned between the tank body (3) and the cloth bag, and the included angle between the transition plate (11) and the horizontal plane is 30-35 degrees.
8. The powder tanker according to claim 3, characterized in that the piping system comprises a main inlet pipe (7) for introducing high pressure gas into the tank (3), a discharge pipe (9) for discharging the gas out of the tank, and an intelligently controlled ash discharge system for controlling the pressure difference between the gas chamber (1) and the tank (3); the main air inlet pipe (7) is arranged on the outer side of the tank body (3), one end of the main air inlet pipe (7) is connected with an air compressor (13) capable of generating compressed air, the other end of the main air inlet pipe (7) is divided into a front air inlet pipe (10) and a rear air inlet pipe (8), one end, far away from the main air inlet pipe (7), of the front air inlet pipe (10) penetrates through the tank body (3) and is communicated with an air inlet of the air chamber (1) at the front end of the tank body (3), one end, far away from the main air inlet pipe (7), of the rear air inlet pipe (8) penetrates through the tank body (3) and is communicated with an air inlet of the air chamber (1) at the rear end of the; the discharging pipe (9) penetrates through the tank body (3), one end, located outside the tank body (3), of the discharging pipe (9) is connected with a discharging pump, and the pipe orifice of one end, located inside the tank body (3), of the discharging pipe (9) is just opposite to the bottom of the tank body (3).
9. The powder tanker according to claim 8, wherein the intelligent control ash discharge system comprises an external air source (14) connected to the main air inlet pipe (7), an air inlet control valve (A2) arranged at the air inlet of the air chamber (1) at the front end of the tank body (3), an air inlet control valve (A3) arranged at the air inlet of the air chamber (1) at the rear end of the tank body (3), and a pressure relief control valve (A5) arranged on the tank body (3) for relieving pressure in the tank, an external air source control valve (A1) is arranged on the external air source (14), flow meters (A7) are arranged at the upstream parts of the front air control valve (A2), the rear air control valve (A3), the pressure relief control valve (A5) and the external air source control valve (A1), and pressure sensors (A8) for measuring pressure intensity are arranged on the wall of the air chamber in the two air chambers (1) and the wall of the tank in the tank body (3); the device is characterized in that a discharging control valve (A6) is arranged on the discharging pipe (9), a secondary blowing-assisting control valve (A4) for assisting discharging is arranged on the main air inlet pipe (7), and flow meters (A7) are arranged at the upstream parts of the discharging control valve (A6) and the secondary blowing-assisting control valve (A4).
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| EP1772310A1 (en) * | 2005-10-06 | 2007-04-11 | Vincenzo Munzio | Hopper structure |
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