CN111483036A - Ultrahigh-performance concrete fiber orienting device and pouring method thereof - Google Patents
Ultrahigh-performance concrete fiber orienting device and pouring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/52—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres, e.g. asbestos cement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
- B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
- B28B13/023—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo by using a feed box transferring the moulding material from a hopper to the moulding cavities
- B28B13/025—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo by using a feed box transferring the moulding material from a hopper to the moulding cavities the feed box being vibrated, e.g. to promote discharging of the material
Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-high performance concrete fiber orienting device which comprises a feeding structure, vertical parallel channels, an inclined parallel channel wound with a coil for generating a constant magnetic field and a fixed frame, wherein the feeding structure comprises a feeding hole, a vertical parallel channel, an inclined parallel channel wound with a coil for generating a constant magnetic field and a fixed frame; the feeding structure is arranged at an upper port of the vertical parallel channel, the vertical parallel channel comprises a plurality of vertical single channels which are arranged in parallel, the inclined parallel channel comprises a plurality of inclined single channels which are arranged in parallel, the joint of each vertical single channel and each corresponding inclined single channel forms a movable joint, and an angle adjusting device is arranged between each inclined parallel channel and the fixed frame so that the inclined parallel channel can rotate relative to the vertical parallel channel; and a vibration device for vibrating the fixed frame is installed on the fixed frame. The invention also discloses a directional pouring method for the ultra-high performance concrete fiber. The invention can adapt to the ultrahigh-performance concrete with different workability, and the fiber orientation effect of the ultrahigh-performance concrete is more ideal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ultra-high performance concrete fiber orientation technology, in particular to an ultra-high performance concrete fiber orientation device. In addition, the method also relates to a directional pouring method of the ultra-high performance concrete fiber.
Background
Concrete is one of the most widely used and mature basic materials in civil engineering. With the development of science and technology, the invention and application of high efficiency water reducing agent, mineral ultrafine powder and fiber material, the concrete material develops to the ultra-high performance concrete with the main characteristics of ultra-high strength and ultra-high durability. Marked by strength, the development of concrete has undergone the development process of common strength concrete (NSC), High Strength Concrete (HSC) and ultra high strength concrete (UHPC). The ultra-high performance concrete has the strength of more than 150Mpa, the tensile strength of more than 5Mpa, the elastic modulus of more than 40GMPa, and good ductility and durability. In order to ensure good ductility and durability of the ultra-high performance concrete, fibers need to be doped to enhance the crack resistance of the concrete. The doped fiber can effectively share the tensile stress and prevent the cracks from generating prematurely. Theoretically, only when the distribution direction of the fibers is consistent with the tensile direction of the concrete, the bonding performance of the fibers in the concrete can improve the tensile performance of the concrete to the maximum extent, the effect of the fibers in other directions on improving the bending tensile strength and the toughness of the concrete is reduced along with the deviation of the directions, and the fibers perpendicular to the tensile stress direction have little effect on improving the crack resistance of the concrete.
The orientation of the fibers in Ultra High Performance Concrete (UHPC) is influenced by the flow characteristics of the slurry of the ultra high performance concrete, the flow direction and the process of the slurry during the casting process. Accordingly, the scholars (Boulekbache B, Hamrat M, Chemrouk M, et. Flowability of fiber-reinforced concrete and its effect on the mechanical properties of the Materials [ J ]. Construction and Construction Materials,2010,24(9):1664-1671.) adopt a slurry flow method to realize the directional pouring of fibers, and the concrete slurry with ultra-high performance is poured into one side of a mold, and the self-flow channel is made to be the other side of the automatic flow channel by utilizing the gravity and the self-compaction fluidity of the concrete slurry with ultra-high performance, and the test results show that the fiber directional effect is good. This test also found that the effect of fiber orientation was related to the velocity gradient of the slurry flowing in the channel, which is affected by the channel width and the average flow rate of the slurry. For ultrahigh-performance concrete with poor workability, the lower fluidity causes the average flow rate and the velocity gradient of the concrete in a channel to be lower, thereby influencing the fiber orientation effect. Therefore, the method cannot be applied to ultra-high performance concrete with poor workability, such as ultra-high performance concrete with a high fiber content. In addition, the flow process of slurry is difficult to control effectively by adopting a mode of direct flow casting in a mould in the test, so that the whole fiber orientation effect of the ultra-high performance concrete is poor, and the bearing capacity of the test piece is improved slightly.
For fibres of magnetically conductive material, such as steel fibres, the magnetic properties can be used to achieve fibre orientation. The prior device for realizing fiber orientation of ultra-high performance concrete by using magnetic field, for example, chinese patent CN106378857B, includes: (1) a cylindrical and truncated cone-shaped closed circulation channel through which UHPC slurry needs to pass; (2) the spiral coil is arranged in the channel wall interlayer for providing magnetic field action, and the direct current power supply and the control switch are connected with the spiral coil; (3) a push rod plus piston to push the flow of UHPC slurry. As shown in FIG. 1, the main technical principle of the technical scheme is that the fibers in UHPC slurry are controlled to rotate towards the direction of magnetic induction lines through a magnetic field, so that fiber orientation is realized. The main problem of the device is that the slurry pressure is increased in the process of extruding the slurry by using the piston to make the slurry flow, so that the resistance to the steel fiber is higher when the steel fiber rotates under the action of the magnetic field, and the actual fiber orientation effect is poor. Therefore, the device is not suitable for ultra-high performance concrete with poor workability. In addition, the discharge port of the device is small, so that the device is difficult to realize large-scale directional pouring of the ultrahigh-performance concrete fibers.
In conclusion, in actual casting, the fiber orientation effect in the ultrahigh-performance concrete of the two fiber orientation methods is not ideal enough.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an ultra-high performance concrete fiber orienting device which can adapt to ultra-high performance concrete with different workability, so that the effect of orienting the ultra-high performance concrete fibers is more ideal.
The invention further aims to solve the technical problem of providing the directional pouring method for the ultra-high performance concrete fibers, and the directional pouring method for the ultra-high performance concrete fibers can enable the directional effect of the ultra-high performance concrete fibers to be more ideal.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an ultrahigh-performance concrete fiber orienting device in a first aspect, which comprises a feeding structure, vertical parallel channels, an oblique parallel channel wound with coils for generating a constant magnetic field, and a fixed frame; the feeding structure is arranged at an upper port of the vertical parallel channel, the vertical parallel channel comprises a plurality of vertical single channels which are arranged in parallel, the inclined parallel channel comprises a plurality of inclined single channels which are arranged in parallel, a movable joint is formed at the joint of each vertical single channel and each corresponding inclined single channel, and an angle adjusting device is arranged between each inclined parallel channel and the fixed frame so that the inclined parallel channel can rotate relative to the vertical parallel channel; and a vibration device for vibrating the fixed frame is installed on the fixed frame.
Preferably, the angle adjusting device comprises a rotating shaft and a lifting device which are installed on the fixed frame, the rotating shaft is connected with the upper surface of the inclined parallel channel and is opposite to the movable joint area, and the lifting device is arranged between the lower surface of the inclined parallel channel and the fixed frame.
Preferably, the vibration device includes a vibration motor mounted on the fixed frame and an elastic structure provided at a bottom of the fixed frame.
Typically, the fixed frame bottom is also provided with a movable base, and the elastic structure is located between the fixed frame bottom and the movable base.
More preferably, the width of the vertical single channel and the width of the oblique single channel are both 2.5 to 3 times the fiber length, and the cross-sectional area of the oblique single channel is larger than that of the vertical single channel.
The invention provides a directional pouring method of ultra-high performance concrete fibers, which comprises the following steps: s1, placing the lower port of the inclined parallel channel above the bottom plate of the pouring mold; s2, pouring UHPC slurry doped with fibers into the vertical parallel channel, and enabling the vertical parallel channel and the inclined parallel channel to be in a vibration state; s3, enabling the oblique parallel channels to be in a constant magnetic field; s4, enabling the vertical parallel channels and the inclined parallel channels to move together relative to the pouring mold; s5, after a layer of UHPC slurry is poured, lifting the lower port of the oblique parallel channel to enable the lifting height to be equal to the thickness of the layer of UHPC slurry; s6, repeating the steps S4 and S5 until the pouring mold is completely filled, and finishing the directional pouring of the ultra-high performance concrete fibers.
Preferably, in step S1, the lower edge of the lower port of the diagonal parallel channel has an initial height from the bottom plate of the casting mold of 2 to 3 times the fiber length.
More preferably, in step S4, the relative movement rate between the vertical parallel channel and the diagonal parallel channel and the casting mold is 2 times of the flow rate of the UHPC slurry in the diagonal parallel channel.
Specifically, the magnetic induction intensity of the constant magnetic field is 0-20 × 10-3T, and the cross-sectional area of an oblique single channel of the oblique parallel channel is larger than that of a vertical single channel of the vertical parallel channel.
Typically, when a reinforced UHPC component is poured, UHPC slurry needs to be poured to the height of the reinforced bar, the reinforced bar is placed, and then the UHPC slurry is continuously poured.
Through the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects
In the basic technical scheme of the invention, compared with the mode that a push rod is adopted to drive concrete slurry to flow in a channel in the prior art, the mode that a vertical parallel channel and an inclined parallel channel are combined is adopted, so that UHPC slurry can flow under the self gravity, the flow rate of the UHPC slurry can be accelerated through a vibration device, the vibration device can also ensure the stability of the flow rate of the UHPC slurry in the flowing process, and the fiber orientation effect at different positions in a pouring mould is more stable, therefore, when the UHPC slurry flows through the inclined parallel channel, the resistance generated by the pressure of the UHPC slurry can be reduced under the action of a constant magnetic field, and the resistance received when the fiber rotates under the action of the constant magnetic field is smaller; that is to say, the UHPC slurry jointly promotes the fiber orientation under the flow effect and the magnetic field effect in the channel, and a more ideal ultra-high performance concrete fiber orientation effect is obtained; moreover, the vertical parallel passage is composed of a plurality of vertical single passages arranged in parallel, the oblique parallel passage is composed of a plurality of oblique single passages arranged in parallel, the width of the vertical single passage and the width of the oblique single passage are not far larger than the length of the fiber, and for a single fiber, the speed difference of UHPC slurry actually wrapping the fiber is larger, a better fiber orientation effect is obtained, and the bearing capacity of the test piece is improved.
In the pouring process, the vertical parallel channel and the inclined parallel channel move together, and the relative movement rate between the vertical parallel channel and the inclined parallel channel and the pouring mold is 2 times of the flow rate of UHPC slurry in the inclined parallel channel, so that the two ends of the UHPC slurry have enough speed difference in a dead space state, and the UHPC slurry is dragged at the point to generate enough plastic deformation.
Further advantages of the present invention, as well as the technical effects of preferred embodiments, are further described in the following detailed description.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a forming device for directionally reinforcing ultrahigh-performance concrete by steel fibers in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an ultra high performance concrete fiber orienting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a connection relationship between vertical parallel channels and diagonal parallel channels according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the articulation formed at the junction of the vertical side-by-side channel and the diagonal side-by-side channel of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is one of the load/stress-deflection curves obtained from the flexural test of the poured test piece according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a second graph of load/stress-deflection curves obtained from a flexural test conducted on a poured test piece according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is one of the load/stress-displacement/strain curves obtained from the flexural test of a poured test piece in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a second graph of load/stress-displacement/strain curves obtained from a flexural test conducted on a poured test piece in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a block flow diagram of a method for directionally casting ultra-high performance concrete fibers in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an elevation view of a test piece size in a straight pull test according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a side view of a sample size in a straight pull test according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a load transfer device and a displacement measuring device in a straight pull test according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1 feeding structure 2 vertical parallel channels
3 coils 4 oblique parallel passage
41 Movable joint 5 fixing frame
61 rotating shaft 62 lifting device
71 elastic structure of vibration motor 72
8 AC power supply of mobile base 91
92 DC power supply 1a piston
2a push rod 3a cylindrical outer cylinder
4a cylindrical inner cylinder 5a first coil
6a circular truncated cone outer cylinder and 7a circular truncated cone inner cylinder
8a second coil T1 universal ball joint
T3 electronic extensometer of T2 test piece clamp
T4 extensometer fixing frame
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, and therefore the features defined "first", "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features described.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any combination thereof. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
It is to be understood that for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, the terms "upper", "lower" and "bottom" are based on the ultra high performance concrete fiber orientation device itself, for example, the feeding structure 1 is located at the upper end of the vertical parallel passage 2, the diagonal parallel passage 4 is located at the lower end of the vertical parallel passage 2, and the moving base 8 is located at the bottom of the fixed frame 5; the terminology is based on the orientations and positional relationships illustrated in the drawings and is not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and is not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Chinese invention patent CN106378857B provides a forming device of steel fiber directional reinforced ultra-high performance concrete, in its technical scheme, as shown in figure 1, a cylindrical outer cylinder 3a is sleeved on a cylindrical inner cylinder 4a, a first coil 5a is wound between the two, a truncated cone-shaped outer cylinder 6a is sleeved on a truncated cone-shaped inner cylinder 7a, a second coil 8a is wound between the two, after a power supply is connected, a push rod 2a pushes UHPC slurry to flow through the cylindrical inner cylinder 4a and the truncated cone-shaped inner cylinder 7a in sequence through a piston 1a, because the piston 1a extrudes the UHPC slurry, the pressure of the UHPC slurry is increased, thereby causing the resistance received when the fiber rotates under the action of a magnetic field to be larger, and the actual fiber directional effect to be worse; and the discharge port is small, so that the device is difficult to realize large-scale directional pouring of the ultrahigh-performance concrete fibers.
Furthermore, in experiments conducted by scholars (Boulekbache B, Hamrat M, Chemrouk M, et al. Flowability of fiber-reinforced composites and its effects on the mechanical properties of the Materials [ J ]. Construction and Construction Materials,2010,24(9):1664-1671.), it was difficult to effectively control the flow of UHPC slurry by means of direct flow casting in a casting mold, on the one hand, because the width of the channel was much greater than the length of the fiber, so that the difference in the velocity of the UHPC slurry actually wrapping a fiber was not large, so that the fiber orientation was poor; on the other hand, the flow rate of the UHPC slurry is difficult to control, and the rate of the UHPC slurry is gradually reduced in the flowing process, so that the fiber orientation effect at different positions in the casting mould is different.
That is to say, the two fiber orientation methods only adopt a single fiber orientation principle to realize the fiber orientation casting of the ultra-high performance concrete, and cannot combine a plurality of fiber orientation principles, so that the fiber orientation effect is not ideal during actual casting.
Therefore, the invention combines the fiber orientation principle, and adopts the mode that a plurality of vertical single channels which are arranged in parallel form a vertical parallel channel 2, a plurality of oblique single channels which are arranged in parallel form an oblique parallel channel 4, and a coil 3 generates a constant magnetic field, so that the width of the single channel does not exceed the length of the fiber too much, and the resistance influence of the pressure of UHPC slurry on the fiber when the fiber rotates under the action of the magnetic field is reduced; and the vibrating device can accelerate the flow velocity of UHPC slurry and ensure the stability of the fiber orientation effect at different positions in the pouring mould. The technical idea of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the ultra-high performance concrete fiber orienting apparatus according to the basic embodiment of the present invention includes a feeding structure 1, a vertical parallel passage 2, an inclined parallel passage 4 wound with a coil 3 for generating a constant magnetic field, and a fixing frame 5; the feeding structure 1 is installed at an upper port of the vertical parallel channel 2, the vertical parallel channel 2 comprises a plurality of vertical single channels which are arranged in parallel, the inclined parallel channel 4 comprises a plurality of inclined single channels which are arranged in parallel, a movable joint 41 is formed at the joint of each vertical single channel and each corresponding inclined single channel, and an angle adjusting device is arranged between the inclined parallel channel 4 and the fixed frame 5 so that the inclined parallel channel 4 can rotate relative to the vertical parallel channel 2; a vibration device for vibrating the fixed frame 5 is attached to the fixed frame 5.
In the basic technical scheme, the vertical parallel channel 2 and the oblique parallel channel 4 are divided into narrower single channels, so that the size of the fiber length is reduced, the vibration device can accelerate the flow velocity of UHPC slurry, and the flow process of the UHPC slurry is effectively controlled, so that the UHPC slurry has higher velocity gradient when flowing in the channels; moreover, the UHPC slurry can flow under the action of self gravity, and the vibration device can further promote the flow of the UHPC slurry, namely the flow of the UHPC slurry does not need to be pushed by a piston, so that the influence of the pressure of the UHPC slurry on the resistance of the fiber when the fiber rotates under the action of a magnetic field is reduced; therefore, the fiber orientation effect is more ideal, and the bearing capacity of the test piece is improved; in addition, although the vertical parallel channel 2 and the inclined parallel channel 4 are divided into narrow single channels, the large-scale directional pouring of the ultrahigh-performance concrete fibers is not influenced; furthermore, a movable joint 41 is formed at the joint of the vertical parallel passage 2 and the inclined parallel passage 4, and the position of the lower port of the inclined parallel passage 4 can be adjusted by matching with an angle adjusting device, so that layered pouring is performed.
Wherein, the lower extreme passageway part of each vertical single channel of vertical parallel passage 2 and the upper end passageway part of each slant single channel of slant parallel passage 4 are the arc segment and all circular arcs are the concentric circles, the width of vertical single channel and the width of slant single channel are about 2.5-3 times fiber length, the cross-sectional area of vertical single channel is slightly less than the cross-sectional area of slant single channel, each vertical single channel can insert in each slant single channel that corresponds and do not have direct contact, thereby each vertical single channel forms freely movable joint 41 with the connected portion of each slant single channel that corresponds, that is to say, freely movable joint 41 is non-contact nested structure. A dc power supply 92 is connected to the coil 3 to supply energy to the coil 3 for generating a constant magnetic field.
As a specific example, as shown in fig. 1, the angle adjusting device is composed of a rotating shaft 61 and a lifting device 62, the rotating shaft 61 is installed on the fixed frame 5, and the rotating shaft 61 is connected with the upper surface of the inclined parallel passage 4, the movable joint 41 is located on the lower surface of the inclined parallel passage 4, i.e. the rotating shaft 61 is arranged opposite to the area where the movable joint 41 is located and close to the upper port of the inclined parallel passage 4, one end of the lifting device 62 is connected with the lower surface of the inclined parallel passage 4, the other end is connected with the fixed frame 5, and the lifting device 62 is far away from the movable joint 41, preferably, the lifting device 62 is connected with the middle area of the lower surface of. The lifting device 62 is a conventional device capable of lifting and extending, such as a pneumatic lifting rod, an extensible rod, and an oil cylinder. Through the matching of the rotating shaft 61, the lifting device 62 and the movable joint 41, the inclined parallel passage 4 can rotate for a certain angle relative to the vertical parallel passage 2, and the multilayer pouring operation is realized.
In a specific example, the vibration device comprises a vibration motor 71 and an elastic structure 72, the elastic structure 72 is arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame 5, the vibration motor 71 is mounted on the fixed frame 5, and the vibration motor 71 is connected with an alternating current power supply 91; the elastic structure 72 may be an elastic member such as a spring.
In the pouring process, in order to enable the ultrahigh-performance concrete fiber orienting device and the pouring mold to move relatively, the ultrahigh-performance concrete fiber orienting device can be installed at a specified position and fixed, the pouring mold is placed on the moving platform, the ultrahigh-performance concrete fiber orienting device and the pouring mold move relatively, and the pouring mold reciprocates to pour in layers; alternatively, the ultrahigh-performance concrete fiber orienting device of the present invention may be moved, and the casting mold may be fixed, for example, the moving base 8 is disposed at the bottom of the fixed frame 5, and the elastic structure 72 is disposed between the bottom of the fixed frame 5 and the moving base 8, so that the vibration motor 71 drives the inclined parallel passage 4 and the vertical parallel passage 2 to vibrate when in operation.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the ultra-high performance concrete fiber orienting device according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises a feeding structure 1, a vertical parallel passage 2, an oblique parallel passage 4 and a fixed frame 5, wherein a coil 3 is wound around the outer surface of the oblique parallel passage 4, and the coil 3 is connected with a direct current power supply 92, so as to generate a constant magnetic field to act on the fibers in the UHPC slurry to rotate directionally; the feeding structure 1 is arranged at the upper end port of a vertical parallel channel 2, the vertical parallel channel 2 is arranged in a fixed frame 5, the vertical parallel channel 2 is composed of a plurality of vertical single channels which are arranged in parallel, an oblique parallel channel 4 is composed of a plurality of oblique single channels which are arranged in parallel, the width of the vertical single channel and the width of the oblique single channel are about 3 times of the fiber length, the lower end part of the vertical single channel and the upper end part of the oblique single channel are both arc sections, all arcs are concentric circles, the lower end port of the vertical single channel can be inserted into the upper end port of the corresponding oblique single channel, the connecting part of the vertical parallel channel 2 and the oblique parallel channel 4 forms a movable joint 41, the upper surface of the oblique parallel channel 4 and the part corresponding to the movable joint 41 are connected with a rotating shaft 61, the two ends of the rotating shaft 61 are respectively rotatably connected with two corresponding frames on the fixed frame 5, the lifting device 62 is driven to stretch and contract, and the inclined parallel passage 4 can rotate relative to the vertical parallel passage 2 by matching with the movable joint 41 and the rotating shaft; in addition, a vibration motor 71 is arranged on the bottom plate of the fixed frame 5, an elastic structure 72 is arranged between the bottom of the fixed frame 5 and the movable base 8, and the flow performance and the flow rate of the UHPC slurry in the channel can be improved through the vibration effect of the vibration motor 71.
In order to better understand the ultra-high performance concrete fiber orienting device of the present invention, the ultra-high performance concrete fiber orienting method of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the ultra-high performance concrete fiber orienting device of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 9, the ultra-high performance concrete fiber directional casting method according to the basic embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, placing the lower port of the inclined parallel channel 4 above the bottom plate of the pouring mould;
s2, pouring UHPC slurry doped with fibers into the vertical parallel channel 2, and simultaneously enabling the vertical parallel channel 2 and the oblique parallel channel 4 to be in a vibration state;
s3, enabling the inclined parallel channel 4 to be in a constant magnetic field;
s4, enabling the vertical parallel passage 2 and the inclined parallel passage 4 to move together relative to the pouring mold;
s5, after a layer of UHPC slurry is poured, lifting the lower port of the oblique parallel channel 4 to enable the lifting height to be equal to the thickness of the layer of UHPC slurry;
s6, repeating the steps S4 and S5 until the pouring mold is completely filled, and finishing the directional pouring of the ultra-high performance concrete fibers.
According to the pouring method, the vertical parallel channel 2 and the inclined parallel channel 4 are vertically arranged, and the other inclined parallel channel is obliquely arranged, so that UHPC slurry flows to the inclined parallel channel 4 under the action of gravity; moreover, the vertical parallel channels 2 and the oblique parallel channels 4 are arranged in parallel by a plurality of single channels, and the vertical parallel channels 2 and the oblique parallel channels 4 are in a vibration state, so that the flow velocity of UHPC slurry is accelerated, and the two aspects of the channel width and the average flow rate of the UHPC slurry are improved, thereby improving the velocity gradient of the UHPC slurry flowing in the channels and ensuring that the fiber orientation effect in the ultra-high performance concrete is more ideal; in addition, the effect of fiber orientation can be further enhanced by subjecting the UHPC slurry flowing in the diagonal parallel passage 4 to a constant magnetic field.
Therefore, the ultrahigh-performance concrete fiber orienting device and the ultrahigh-performance concrete fiber orienting and pouring method can adapt to fiber orientation of ultrahigh-performance concrete with different workability; the workability is a concept reflecting the properties of fresh concrete, and means that concrete mixtures are easy to transport, pour and vibrate, do not generate component segregation and are easy to trowel in the whole construction process from stirring to trowelling, and the properties of the concrete with stable volume and compact structure are obtained; here, the emphasis is on the flowability, segregation resistance, volume stability, and the like of fresh concrete.
It should be noted that the ultra-high performance concrete fiber orienting device of the present invention is suitable for metal fibers having magnetic permeability, such as steel fibers and copper-plated steel fibers, and is also suitable for fibers having no magnetic permeability. When the magnetic field generating device is applied to fibers without magnetic conductivity, only the direct current power supply 92 needs to be turned off, and the coil 3 does not generate a constant magnetic field. In the same way, the method is also suitable for the directional pouring method of the ultra-high performance concrete fiber. In addition, in practical operation, steps S2 and S3 may be performed simultaneously or in reverse order, and the casting process is not adversely affected.
Referring to fig. 2, the specific fiber directional casting process of the present invention is as follows:
mixing and preparing UHPC slurry mixed with fibers in advance, starting an alternating current power supply 91 to start a vibration motor 71, placing the ultra-high performance concrete fiber orienting device in the casting direction of the mold, and placing the lower port of the oblique parallel channel 4 above the bottom plate of the casting mold; then, UHPC slurry is continuously poured into the feeding structure 1, so that the UHPC slurry reaches the movable joint 41 through the vertical parallel channel 2 under the vibration effect, the UHPC slurry flows into the inclined parallel channel 4, and meanwhile, the direct-current power supply 92 is turned on to enable the coil 3 to generate a constant magnetic field; UHPC slurry rapidly passes through the inclined parallel channel 3 to reach the lower port of the UHPC slurry under the action of vibration and a magnetic field, simultaneously, the ultra-high performance concrete fiber orienting device or the pouring mould is moved rapidly and unidirectionally along the pouring direction of the mould until a layer is poured, the lifting device 62 is used for adjusting the inclination angle of the inclined parallel channel 4, the rising height of the lower port of the UHPC slurry is equal to the thickness of the UHPC slurry layer, then the moving direction of the ultra-high performance concrete fiber orienting device or the moving direction of the pouring mould is reversed, and the pouring of a second layer is completed at; and repeating the process, pouring multiple layers of UHPC slurry until the mold is completely filled, and finishing the directional fiber pouring. And finally, naturally curing to obtain the test piece.
It should be noted that, when casting is started, the initial position of the lower edge of the lower port of the diagonal parallel channel 4 needs to be 2 times to 3 times higher than the length of the fibers of the bottom plate of the casting mold, so that sufficient dead time of the UHPC slurry can be ensured, and the UHPC slurry is dragged at the point to generate sufficient plastic deformation. Moreover, the relative movement rate between the ultra-high performance concrete fiber orienting device and the pouring mold needs to be about 2 times of the flow velocity of the UHPC slurry in the oblique parallel channel 4, so that the two ends of the UHPC slurry have enough velocity difference in a dead space state, and the UHPC slurry is dragged at the point to generate enough plastic deformation.
When pouring of each layer of UHPC slurry is completed, the lifting height of the lower port of the inclined parallel channel 3 needs to be equal to the thickness of each layer of UHPC slurry, so that the same fiber orientation effect of each layer of UHPC slurry can be obtained, the vibration effect is mainly used for improving the flow property and the flow rate of the UHPC slurry in the channel, the specific strength of vibration can be adjusted by testing the fluidity of the UHPC slurry, the magnetic induction intensity of a magnetic field generated by the coil 3 is 0-20 × 10-3T, and the adjustment is specifically made according to the viscosity of the UHPC slurry and the size of fibers.
Moreover, in order to prevent the UHPC slurry from overflowing from the movable joint 41, the area of the single-channel cross section of the inclined parallel channel 4 is required to be larger than that of the single-channel cross section of the vertical parallel channel 2, and the UHPC slurry in the inclined parallel channel 4 is always in an unfilled state in the pouring process.
In addition, the ultra-high performance concrete fiber orienting device is suitable for casting the UHPC component without the reinforcing bars and is also suitable for casting the UHPC component with the reinforcing bars. When a UHPC component with reinforcing bars is poured, the reinforcing bars are required to be arranged in stages; for example, when the UHPC slurry is poured to the height of the reinforcement position, the reinforcement can not be placed, when the UHPC slurry is poured to the height of the reinforcement, the reinforcement is placed, and then the UHPC slurry is continuously poured, so that the feasibility of fiber-oriented pouring of the reinforced UHPC component is ensured.
In order to intuitively understand the technical effects of the ultra-high performance concrete fiber orienting device and the ultra-high performance concrete fiber orienting and pouring method in the aspects of improving the fiber orientation coefficient, the breaking strength, the tensile strength, the ductility and the like of the UHPC along the fiber orientation direction, the following description is provided by simple experimental comparison.
The fiber orientation coefficient is a main parameter for representing the fiber orientation effect, and the calculation formula is as follows, the value is between 0 and 1, and the fiber orientation coefficient is 1 when the fiber is completely oriented. In the formula, n represents the number of fibers in a cross section of the test piece, AfMeans the cross-sectional area, V, of the fibrefThe volume of the fiber is added, and A is the area of the section of the test piece.
The tensile strength of UHPC refers to the ratio of ultimate load to cross-sectional area of UHPC under the action of direct tension, the breaking strength of UHPC refers to the strength measured by non-standard test pieces of the breaking test in the concrete physical mechanical property test method Standard (GBT 50081-2019) and calculated according to the regulation 10.0.5, and the ductility refers to the deformation capacity or strain of UHPC when the UHPC is under tension or bending.
The raw materials of the UHPC matrix for pouring in the test are cement, quartz sand, quartz powder, silica fume, fly ash, a polycarboxylate superplasticizer (HRWRA) and water, and the specific mixing ratio is shown in the following table 1. The steel fiber in the UHPC is the copper-plated end hook steel fiber with the volume percent of 2 percent and the copper-plated end hook steel fiber with the volume percent of 1 percent and the copper-plated straight steel fiber with the volume percent of 8 percent. UHPC respectively pouring two groups of test pieces for comparison according to a common pouring mode and by adopting the ultra-high performance concrete fiber directional device and the ultra-high performance concrete fiber directional pouring method, wherein the test pieces are respectively R-UHPC which is subjected to common pouring and A-UHPC which is subjected to fiber directional pouring; the test piece is naturally cured, and the curing age is 28 days.
TABLE 1 UHPC base mix ratio
The two groups of test pieces respectively measure the strength difference and the ductility difference of the UHPC test piece in a bending state and a pure-drawing state through an anti-bending test and a straight-pull test. The test scheme of the anti-bending test specifically refers to "standard of concrete physical mechanical property test method (GBT 50081-2019)", wherein the size of the test piece refers to a non-standard test piece in the standard regulation 10.0.2, the actually adopted loading equipment is a meist YAW4206 microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo pressure tester (maximum test force 2000kN), the loading process records load data in real time, and meanwhile, a dial indicator is adopted to measure the mid-span deflection value. The loading device and the test piece size (unit: mm) of the straight pull test specifically refer to fig. 10 to 12, the loading device is not shown in the figures, the loading device is a Meister SHT4505 microcomputer control electro-hydraulic servo universal testing machine, in addition, the load transfer device also comprises a universal ball joint T1 and a test piece clamp T2, and the displacement measuring device comprises a steel grinding Nake YYU-10/25 electronic extensometer T3 and an extensometer fixing frame T4; when a straight pull test piece is loaded, the electro-hydraulic servo universal testing machine is controlled to generate forced displacement at two ends and load is implemented by taking the displacement as a control parameter, the load transmits tensile force to the test piece through the load transmission device, the displacement data of the test piece in the loading process are measured through the displacement measurement device, and meanwhile, the load data are synchronously recorded. Three test pieces are tested in each group, three original curves can be drawn according to load and displacement data directly measured in the test, the mean value of the load of the three test pieces is taken to obtain the mean value curve of the three test pieces, the load/stress-deflection curve obtained in the anti-bending test is shown in figure 5(R-UHPC) and figure 6(A-UHPC), and the load/stress-displacement/strain curve obtained in the straight-pull test is shown in figure 7(R-UHPC) and figure 8 (A-UHPC). Referring to the above calculation methods for the fiber orientation coefficient, the tensile strength of UHPC, the flexural strength of UHPC, and the like, the strength, ductility, and fiber orientation coefficient of the two test pieces are shown in table 2 below. According to the data in the table, the fiber orientation coefficient of a UHPC test piece poured by the ultra-high performance concrete fiber orientation device and the ultra-high performance concrete fiber orientation pouring method is improved by 24%, the flexural strength is improved by 71%, the ductility is improved by 74% in a bending state, and the tensile strength is improved by 66% and the ductility is improved by 309% in a tension state.
TABLE 2 comparison of UHPC indexes before and after fiber orientation
As can be seen from the comparative tests, the ultra-high performance concrete fiber orienting device and the ultra-high performance concrete fiber orienting and pouring method have very obvious technical effects on the aspects of improving the fiber orientation coefficient, the breaking strength, the tensile strength, the ductility and the like of the UHPC test piece along the fiber orientation direction.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, numerous simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including combinations of the individual specific technical features in any suitable way. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition. Such simple modifications and combinations should be considered within the scope of the present disclosure as well.
Claims (10)
1. An ultra-high performance concrete fiber orienting device is characterized by comprising a feeding structure (1), a vertical parallel passage (2), an oblique parallel passage (4) wound with a coil (3) for generating a constant magnetic field and a fixed frame (5); the feeding structure (1) is installed at an upper port of the vertical parallel passage (2), the vertical parallel passage (2) comprises a plurality of vertical single passages arranged in parallel, the inclined parallel passage (4) comprises a plurality of inclined single passages arranged in parallel, a movable joint (41) is formed at the joint of each vertical single passage and each corresponding inclined single passage, and an angle adjusting device is arranged between the inclined parallel passage (4) and the fixed frame (5) so that the inclined parallel passage (4) can rotate relative to the vertical parallel passage (2); and a vibration device for vibrating the fixed frame (5) is arranged on the fixed frame (5).
2. The ultra-high performance concrete fiber orienting device according to claim 1, wherein the angle adjusting means comprises a rotating shaft (61) and a lifting device (62) mounted on the fixed frame (5), the rotating shaft (61) is connected with the upper surface of the inclined parallel passage (4) and is opposite to the movable joint (41) region, and the lifting device (62) is arranged between the lower surface of the inclined parallel passage (4) and the fixed frame (5).
3. Ultra high performance concrete fibre orientation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the vibration means comprise a vibration motor (71) mounted on the fixed frame (5) and a resilient structure (72) arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame (5).
4. Ultra high performance concrete fibre orientation device according to claim 3, characterized in that the fixed frame (5) bottom is further provided with a moving base (8), the resilient structure (72) being located between the fixed frame (5) bottom and the moving base (8).
5. The ultra-high performance concrete fiber orientation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the width of the vertical single channel and the width of the angled single channel are each 2.5-3 times the fiber length, and the cross-sectional area of the angled single channel is greater than the cross-sectional area of the vertical single channel.
6. An ultra-high performance concrete fiber directional pouring method comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the lower port of the inclined parallel channel (4) above the pouring mould bottom plate;
s2, pouring UHPC slurry doped with fibers into the vertical parallel channel (2), and simultaneously enabling the vertical parallel channel (2) and the oblique parallel channel (4) to be in a vibration state;
s3, enabling the oblique parallel channel (4) to be in a constant magnetic field;
s4, the vertical parallel channel (2) and the inclined parallel channel (4) move together relative to the pouring mold;
s5, after a layer of UHPC slurry is poured, lifting the lower port of the oblique parallel channel (4) to enable the lifting height to be equal to the thickness of the layer of UHPC slurry;
s6, repeating the steps S4 and S5 until the pouring mold is completely filled, and finishing the directional pouring of the ultra-high performance concrete fibers.
7. The ultra-high performance concrete fiber directional casting method according to claim 6, wherein in step S1, the lower edge of the lower port of the diagonal juxtaposition channel (4) is 2-3 times the fiber length from the initial height of the casting mold bottom plate.
8. The ultra-high performance concrete fiber directional casting method according to claim 6, wherein in step S4, the relative movement rate of the vertical parallel channel (2) and the oblique parallel channel (4) together with the casting mold is 2 times of the flow rate of the UHPC slurry in the oblique parallel channel (4).
9. The ultra-high performance concrete fiber directional pouring method according to claim 6, wherein the magnetic induction intensity of the constant magnetic field is 0-20 × 10-3T, and the cross-sectional area of the oblique single channel of the oblique parallel channel (4) is larger than that of the vertical single channel of the vertical parallel channel (2).
10. The ultra-high performance concrete fiber directional casting method according to claim 6, wherein when the reinforced UHPC component is cast, UHPC slurry is cast to the height of the reinforced bar, the reinforced bar is placed, and the UHPC slurry is cast continuously.
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