CN111481785A - Constant-current type low-ineffective-cavity breathing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a constant-current low-ineffective cavity breathing machine, which comprises a three-way pipe formed by connecting an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, wherein one end of the air inlet pipe is communicated with a tracheal catheter, the other end of the air inlet pipe is communicated with an oxygen supply pipeline of a constant-current oxygen supply mechanism, a connector communicated with the inlet end of the air outlet pipe is arranged on the pipe wall of the air inlet pipe close to one end of the tracheal catheter, the outlet end of the air outlet pipe is connected with a breathing control mechanism, and the breathing control mechanism can cyclically and alternately open and close the outlet end according to a set time proportion so as to ventilate. The breathing machine has the advantages of overcoming the defects that the existing breathing machine is difficult to rapidly allocate or flexibly transfer in a large amount in a temporarily-set shelter hospital or an emergency treatment center or a ward due to the characteristics of complex structure, high hardware requirement, high manufacturing cost, difficult movement and the like, having simple structure, portability, low manufacturing cost and low requirement on oxygen supply equipment, and simultaneously solving the problems of overlarge mechanical invalid cavity and cross infection of the existing breathing machine.

Description

Constant-current type low-ineffective-cavity breathing machine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a constant-current low-ineffective-cavity breathing machine.

Background

At present, due to the high economic cost, the difficulty in transfer, the complex use program and other reasons, most hospitals and wards are not equipped with ventilators, so that when critical patients in wards need assisted breathing for emergency rescue, the central oxygen supply and oxygen inhalation pipe of the multi-purpose ward is still used after trachea intubation and is connected with a simple respiratory ball, namely, manual assisted breathing is performed, long-time manual assisted breathing and chest compression are often very tense and physical effort consuming works, manual assistance needs one more medical personnel to participate, ventilation stability and effectiveness can not be guaranteed after the physical effort of the medical personnel is consumed for a long time in the critical state, in addition, obvious mechanical ineffective cavities can be generated by a laparoscope when the existing ventilators or anaesthetics are used, the mechanical ineffective cavities comprise a laryngeal mask, a tracheal catheter, a breathing loop Y-shaped breathing loop Y-connected with a carbon dioxide filter and the like, wherein the mechanical ineffective breathing loop is used for detecting carbon dioxide in a respiratory tube 352-plus a carbon dioxide inhalation tube, and the carbon dioxide discharge is generated in a high carbon dioxide inhalation procedure of the infant, and carbon dioxide discharge of the infant is detected by a carbon dioxide discharge tube (MGE-460) detection procedureThe carbon absorption is superposed, which often causes serious carbon dioxide accumulation and even forms carbon dioxide anesthesia, and part of the time, part of anesthesiologists (Different anesthesiologists may have Different methods)Even manual assisted breathing has to be done intermittently with simple breathing balloons to expel carbon dioxide by reducing the mechanical dead space.

At present, the breathing mode of a patient under general anesthesia is divided into two modes of spontaneous breathing and mechanical control breathing, wherein the spontaneous breathing refers to that the patient breathes by self power, the patient has insufficient ventilation per minute due to the respiratory depression effect of anesthetic and the existence of a mechanical ineffective cavity, so that the concentration of carbon dioxide in blood is increased, hypercapnia is formed, the hypercapnia is expressed as blood pressure increase, heart rate is accelerated, the breathing frequency is accelerated, and even the hypercapnia is formed, the mechanical control breathing refers to that the patient breathes autonomously by a respirator, the breathing is assisted by the respirator, the respirator needs to provide larger ventilation volume and airway pressure or faster breathing frequency to maintain effective breathing due to the existence of the mechanical ineffective cavity, so that the risk of respiratory tract and lung injury is caused.

In general, the currently used mechanical controlled breathing ventilators or anaesthesia machines have the following disadvantages: the structure is comparatively complicated, controls breathing by the artificial lung pressurization of bellows formula, and is high to the physical hardware requirement, and the cost is high, shifts inconveniently, and is high to the requirement of oxygen supply equipment, and ordinary oxygen cylinder and the general central oxygen suppliment oxygen uptake pipe in ward can't satisfy its operation requirement. And its connection and venting manner determine a relatively large mechanically inactive chamber.

In addition, the airflow of the whole respiratory system of the existing anesthesia machine or respirator may be repeatedly communicated with the airway of a patient, the respiratory loop can be replaced by one time, but the respiratory system of the anesthesia machine or respirator is difficult to sterilize by one time (the sterilization consumes long time, special machines and disinfectants are needed, the cost is high, and at present, no hospital in China can sterilize by one time). The simple breathing control mechanism of the breathing machine is positioned at the exhaust port, and the fresh gas continuously flows in to promote the waste gas to be continuously discharged, so that when the simple breathing machine is continuously used among a plurality of different patients, only the T-shaped pipe (which can be used as a disposable) needs to be replaced, and the cross infection can be reduced.

The theoretical basis for the simple respirator is that the oxygen pressure of a low-pressure system of a common constant-current oxygen supply device can reach 0.5KPa at most, which is enough to promote the lung to re-open, for example, the current clinical intermittent oxygen supply type respirator utilizes the self pressure of oxygen to realize inspiration. When oxygen supply is stopped, the air in the lung can be automatically exhausted and collapsed by virtue of the elastic retractive force of the air in the lung, so that expiration can be completely realized, for example, in artificial respiration, the air is often blown into the lung of a patient without sucking waste gas.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a constant-flow type low-invalid-cavity breathing machine, which is constant-flow type controlled ventilation equipment and aims to overcome the defects of the existing bellows type artificial lung pressurization breathing machine.

The constant-flow low-ineffective-cavity breathing machine comprises a three-way pipe (also called T-shaped pipe) formed by connecting an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, wherein one end of the air inlet pipe is communicated with a tracheal catheter, the other end of the air inlet pipe is communicated with an oxygen supply pipeline of a constant-flow oxygen supply mechanism, a connector communicated with the inlet end of the air outlet pipe is arranged on the pipe wall of the air inlet pipe close to one end of the tracheal catheter, the outlet end of the air outlet pipe is connected with a breathing control mechanism, and the breathing control mechanism can cyclically and alternately open and close the outlet end according to a set time proportion to change the air flow direction so as to realize ventilation to the lung of a patient or exhaust from the lung to the. .

On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can also be used as the following alternative scheme.

Further, breathe control mechanism and include cylindric valve casing and be located fan-shaped cubic case in the valve casing, be equipped with air inlet and gas outlet on the valve casing, the air inlet with the exit end intercommunication of blast pipe, the valve casing is equipped with servo motor outward, servo motor's pivot with case fixed connection can drive the case is in at the uniform velocity rotates in the valve casing and opens and close with circulation is alternative the air inlet. In essence the breathing control mechanism is an electrically operated valve.

The breathing control mechanism (electric valve) has the advantages that the breathing control mechanism (electric valve) is designed in a matched manner for each breathing machine, each electric valve corresponds to the fan-shaped valve core with a specific central angle, and the electric valve is connected with the outlet of the exhaust pipe through the appropriate electric valve according to the actual condition of a patient.

Furthermore, the air inlets are arranged on the cylindrical side wall of the valve casing, the number of the valve cores is two, the two valve cores are fixedly connected with a rotating shaft of the servo motor at the circle centers, the two valve cores are arranged on the valve casing at intervals of 180 degrees in the circumferential direction, and the central angle of each valve core is 45-90 degrees.

The further structural improvement has the advantages that the structure is simple, the eccentric vibration problem does not exist during rotation, and the patient breathes twice when the servo motor rotates for one circle; the central angle of the valve core is preferably 45, 60 or 90 degrees, and the corresponding breathing ratio is 3: 1. 2:1 and 1: 1.

furthermore, the air inlet is arranged on the cylindrical side wall of the valve casing, the number of the valve cores is only one, the circle centers of the valve cores are fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of the servo motor, and the central angle of each valve core is 90-180 degrees.

The advantage of adopting the further structural improvement is that the structure is simpler, but the eccentric vibration problem exists, so the valve core is preferably made of a material with lighter weight; the central angle of the valve core is preferably 90, 120 and 180, and the corresponding breathing ratio is 3: 1. 2:1 and 1: 1. .

Further, the gas outlet set up in on the circular terminal surface of valve casing, the case orientation circular arc groove has been seted up on the fan-shaped wall of the circular terminal surface of valve casing just the circular arc groove with the gas outlet corresponds in order to guarantee the valve casing inner space communicates with the external world all the time.

Adopt above-mentioned further institutional advancement's benefit to be, can never block up the gas outlet when the case rotates, so the gas outlet can communicate with valve casing inner space always, guarantees to have unobstructed exhaust effect.

Further, breathe control mechanism and include square tube-shape valve casing and be located shutoff piece and the eccentric wheel of valve casing, the valve casing both ends are equipped with air inlet and gas outlet respectively, the air inlet with the exit end intercommunication of blast pipe, the valve casing be equipped with outside servo motor and its pivot with eccentric wheel fixed connection, during servo motor at the uniform velocity rotates, the eccentric wheel can drive the shutoff piece reciprocates with the alternative opening of circulation and closes the air inlet.

The advantage of adopting the above further structural improvement is that it provides a feasible alternative structure for closing and opening the air inlet, and its structure is simple.

Further, the breathing control mechanism comprises a timer, a power supply and an electromagnetic valve, wherein the timer is electrically connected with the power supply and the electromagnetic valve and can set the time proportion of the electromagnetic valve to be opened and closed alternately in a circulating mode.

The breathing control device has the advantages that the timer can set the opening time and the closing time of the electromagnetic valve respectively and maintain the set time proportion to be opened and closed alternately in a circulating mode, the breathing control device can be adjusted continuously, continuous adjustment is achieved through breathing, the applicability is better, a plurality of breathing control mechanisms do not need to be designed in a matched mode for one breathing machine, and the breathing control mechanisms do not need to be disassembled and assembled when the breathing control device is used.

Furthermore, the breathing control mechanism comprises a pressure sensor, a power supply, an electromagnetic valve and a controller, the controller is electrically connected with the power supply, the pressure sensor and the electromagnetic valve, the pressure sensor is arranged on the three-way pipe to monitor the gas pressure in the three-way pipe in real time, and the controller can open or close the electromagnetic valve according to pressure signals transmitted by the pressure sensor.

The advantage of adopting above-mentioned further configuration amendment is, has realized that respiratory mechanism opens or the operation of closing according to the pressure value, and the security is more guaranteed relatively speaking. The opening and closing time proportion is in certain relation with the opening and closing pressure critical value set by the electromagnetic valve, the flow rate of oxygen supply and the pipe diameters of the air inlet pipe and the exhaust pipe, wherein the maximum relation is the pipe diameter ratio of the air inlet pipe and the exhaust pipe, and the opening and closing time proportion is close to the pipe diameter ratio. In addition, when the opening and the closing are controlled according to the pressure signal, the electromagnetic valve can be replaced by an electric valve with controllable opening degree.

Furthermore, the constant-current oxygen supply mechanism supplies oxygen to the oxygen absorption tube with a flowmeter or the oxygen bottle with a constant-current valve in the center of the ward.

The oxygen supply and absorption tube at the center of the ward is easy to obtain, and most of the sickrooms of the hospital are provided with the humidifying and oxygen absorption tube controlled by the flow meter, and can be used by directly connecting the humidifying and oxygen absorption tube with the respirator, so that the cost is low; the oxygen bottle with the constant flow valve has the advantages of being convenient to carry, suitable for being used under the condition outside a hospital, especially for emergency treatment outside the hospital, and not recommended to be used for controlling the breathing time in the transfer process due to high oxygen consumption of the breathing machine.

Furthermore, a connector used for connecting a breath-last carbon dioxide monitor is preset at one end of the air inlet pipe close to the tracheal catheter, and a pressure safety valve is further arranged on the three-way pipe.

Adopt above-mentioned further institutional advancement's benefit to be, set up exhale last carbon dioxide monitor and breathe monitoring and pressure relief valve and prevent the barotrauma, the security is better.

Further, the present design suggests a ventilator in which the T-shaped breathing tube is disposable (one for one), and the mechanism for controlling breathing is located in the exhaust passage.

The advantage of adopting above-mentioned further structural improvement is, under the condition of uniting its constant current oxygen suppliment mode, make the waste gas that the patient discharged hardly have the refluence, can reduce the cross infection when a plurality of patients use in succession.

Furthermore, a self-operated pressure regulating valve is arranged at the air outlet to realize positive pressure ventilation at the end of respiration.

The further structural improvement has the advantages that the Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) is realized, namely when the respirator is applied, a certain positive pressure is kept in the respiratory tract at the end expiration stage, the early closing of alveoli is avoided, and a part of alveoli losing ventilation function due to exudation, atelectasis and the like expand, so that the reduced functional residual capacity is increased, and the purpose of improving the blood oxygen is achieved.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the low-invalid-cavity breathing machine provided by the invention has the advantages that the structure is simple, the breathing machine is portable, the manufacturing cost is low, the requirement on oxygen supply equipment is low, meanwhile, invalid cavities can be reduced to the maximum extent, and a series of problems caused by the fact that mechanical invalid cavities are relatively too large can be effectively avoided; in addition, cross-infection can be reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a constant flow type low dead volume ventilator provided in the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the breathing control mechanism of the ventilator of FIG. 1 when it has a dual fan-shaped valve core;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the breathing control mechanism of the ventilator of FIG. 1 when having a single fan-shaped valve cartridge;

FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a sector valve core of the breathing control mechanism of FIG. 2 or FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the breathing control mechanism of the ventilator of FIG. 1 having an eccentric;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the breathing control mechanism of the breathing apparatus shown in fig. 1, which includes a solenoid valve and a timer.

In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:

1. an air inlet pipe; 2. an exhaust pipe; 3. a tracheal tube; 4. a breathing control mechanism; 41. a valve housing; 42. a valve core; 43. an air inlet; 44. an air outlet; 45. a rotating shaft; 46. an arc groove; 47. a plugging sheet; 48. an eccentric wheel; 49. a limit polished rod; 50. a spring; 51. a first adjustment knob; 52. a second adjustment knob.

Detailed Description

The principles and features of this invention are described in connection with the drawings and the detailed description of the invention, which are set forth below as examples to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, if terms indicating orientation such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., are used, they indicate orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a constant-flow low-dead-volume respirator, which comprises a three-way pipe formed by connecting an air inlet pipe 1 and an air outlet pipe 2, wherein one end of the air inlet pipe 1 is communicated with a tracheal catheter 3, the other end of the air inlet pipe 1 is communicated with an oxygen supply pipeline of a constant-flow oxygen supply mechanism, a pipe wall of the air inlet pipe 1 near one end of the tracheal catheter 3 is provided with a connector communicated with an inlet end of the air outlet pipe 2, an outlet end of the air outlet pipe 2 is connected with a respiration control mechanism 4, and the respiration control mechanism 4 can cyclically and alternately open and close the outlet end according to a set time proportion so as to ventilate the lung of. The intake pipe can set up a plurality of different model entries so that can directly connect different oxygen supply equipment, and the one end that the intake pipe is close to endotracheal tube sets up to unified model usually.

It should be noted that, the time ratio of cyclically and alternately opening and closing the outlet port is the breathing ratio in general, and the low dead space ventilator provided by the invention is mainly used for realizing mechanical control breathing of a patient instead of spontaneous breathing. When the exhaust passage is continuously opened, the device can also be used for constant-flow oxygen inhalation and carbon dioxide elimination during spontaneous respiration, but does not have the main purpose.

Generally, a ward oxygen inhalation tube is provided with a flow meter of a humidifier, the oxygen flow is set, the required minute ventilation of a patient is obtained according to the weight or the actual condition of the patient, the inhalation ratio is set, the required constant flow oxygen flow is adjusted to be equal to the Minute Ventilation (MV) × (inhalation time + exhalation time)/inhalation time, namely, when the minute ventilation required by a certain patient is 3L and the inhalation ratio is set to be 1:2, the respiration frequency is set to be in the range of 6-40 times/minute, and the required constant flow fresh gas flow is 3 L× (1+2)/1 equal to 9L.

When the anesthesia machine is connected for use, the anesthesia machine is mainly used by children with lower weight (the significance in the operation is more important), the invalid cavity is low, and carbon dioxide in the anesthesia operation process can be effectively discharged; when in use, the anesthesia machine can be driven to a manual state, fresh gas can be pure oxygen or mixed gas of oxygen and air, or inhalation anesthetic gas with a certain concentration, and a breathing loop of the anesthesia machine is connected with the simple respirator and then is connected with the tracheal catheter to realize breathing control. Because the fresh gas flow, the oxygen concentration and the anesthetic gas proportion provided by the anesthesia machine are accurate, the method has great significance for avoiding carbon dioxide accumulation in anesthesia of newborns and even low-weight infants. When the fresh gas contains anesthetic gas, the outlet of the simple respirator is connected with a waste gas recovery device or a negative pressure suction device to avoid air pollution.

In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, the breathing control mechanism 4 includes a cylindrical valve housing 41 and a fan-shaped block-shaped valve core 42 located in the valve housing 41, an air inlet 43 and an air outlet 44 are provided on the valve housing 41, the air inlet 43 is communicated with the outlet end of the exhaust pipe 2, a servo motor is provided outside the valve housing 41, and a rotating shaft 45 of the servo motor is fixedly connected to the valve core 42 and can drive the valve core 42 to rotate at a constant speed in the valve housing 41 to cyclically and alternately open and close the air inlet 43. The air inlets 43 are disposed on the cylindrical side wall of the valve housing 41, the number of the valve cores 42 is two, and the two valve cores 42 are fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 45 of the servo motor at the circle center, the two valve cores 42 are spaced by 180 degrees in the circumferential direction of the valve housing 41, and the central angle of each valve core 42 is 45-90 degrees.

It should be noted that, in the above embodiment, the servo motor is connected to the power supply, and has a control switch and a unit for adjusting the rotation speed of the servo motor, the servo motor drives the valve core to rotate at a constant speed, when the central angle corresponding to each segment of the valve core is 60 degrees, the servo motor rotates for one circle to breath twice, and the breathing ratio of each breath is 2: 1; each respirator is matched with a plurality of breathing control mechanisms, and the breathing ratio at least covered is 1: 1,2: 1 and 3: 1, more preferably also 1.2: 1,1.5: 1,1.8: 1 and 2.5: 1, etc. so as to select different breathing control mechanisms according to different patients, and the air inlet is detachably connected with the outlet end of the exhaust pipe.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the air inlet 43 is disposed on the cylindrical side wall of the valve housing 41, the number of the valve cores 42 is only one, the center of the valve core is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 45 of the servo motor, and the central angle of the valve core 42 is 90-180 degrees.

It will be appreciated that the number of valve elements in the valve housing may be three or more, in addition to the one or two case described above, so that one revolution of the motor will result in three or more breaths being completed by the patient.

In the above two embodiments, the air outlet 44 is disposed on the circular end surface of the valve housing 41, an arc groove 46 is opened on the fan-shaped wall of the valve core 42 facing the circular end surface of the valve housing 41, and the arc groove 46 corresponds to the air outlet 44 to ensure that the internal space of the valve housing 41 is always communicated with the outside.

It should be noted that, the alternative structure for achieving the air outlet always communicating with the inner space of the valve housing is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and any embodiment conceivable by those skilled in the art should be included in the protection scope of the present invention, for example, the air outlet may be disposed at the center of the circular end surface of the valve housing, one of the two circular end surfaces of the valve housing is used for inserting the rotating shaft, the other is disposed with the air outlet, and the valve core becomes thicker gradually from the center of the circle to the outer edge.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the respiration control mechanism 4 includes a square-tube-shaped valve housing 41, and a blocking piece 47 and an eccentric wheel 48 located inside the valve housing 41, wherein the valve housing 41 is provided with an air inlet 43 and an air outlet 44 at two ends, respectively, the air inlet 43 is communicated with the outlet end of the exhaust pipe 2, a servo motor is provided outside the valve housing 41 and a rotating shaft 45 thereof is fixedly connected with the eccentric wheel 48, and when the servo motor rotates at a constant speed, the eccentric wheel 48 can drive the blocking piece 47 to move up and down to cyclically and alternately open and close the air inlet 43.

It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 5, the blocking piece 47 can be limited at two sides by a limiting polished rod 49, a sliding hole for the limiting polished rod to pass through is provided on the blocking piece, a spring 50 is sleeved at the upper end of the limiting polished rod, and when the eccentric wheel rotates away from the blocking piece 47, the spring pushes the blocking piece away from the air inlet 43, that is, the air inlet is opened. The central angle corresponding to the eccentric wheel is also within 90-180 degrees; like other embodiments, each respirator is also provided with a plurality of breathing control mechanisms, and when the respirator is used, the breathing control mechanisms with proper breathing ratio are selected according to actual needs to be connected with the air outlet end of the exhaust pipe.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the breath control mechanism 4 comprises a timer, a power supply and a solenoid valve, wherein the timer is electrically connected with the power supply and the solenoid valve, and the breath ratio and the time length of the cyclically alternating opening and closing of the solenoid valve can be set to control the breath times.

It should be noted that, in fig. 6, the timer, the power supply and the solenoid valve are all enclosed in a casing, the casing has an air inlet at the upper end and an air outlet at the lower end, the timer has a first adjusting knob 51 and a second adjusting knob 52, wherein the first adjusting knob adjusts the time length of each opening state when the solenoid valve is opened and closed alternately in a cycle, and the second adjusting knob adjusts the time length of each closing state when the solenoid valve is opened and closed alternately in a cycle. The structural principle of the respiration control mechanism with the structure is similar to that of a commercial micro-spray flower watering timer (a double-dial-up electromagnetic valve timer or a timing irrigation controller), the opening duration of the electromagnetic valve is equal to the single watering time, the closing duration of the electromagnetic valve is equal to the interval time between two times of automatic watering, and the conventional timing irrigation controller can realize automatic circulation watering, namely automatic circulation operation is realized after the watering time and the interval time between two times of watering are set. In one possible embodiment of the invention, the first adjusting knob can be adjusted for a time ranging from 1.5 to 2.5s, and the second adjusting knob can be adjusted for a time ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 s; for example, when the first adjusting knob and the second adjusting knob are both adjusted to 1.5s, the corresponding number of breaths per minute is 20, and the breathing ratio is 1: 1; for another example, when the first adjustment knob is adjusted to 2s and the second adjustment knob is adjusted to 1s, the corresponding number of breaths per minute is also 20, but the breathing ratio is 2: 1.

In another embodiment of the invention, the respiration control mechanism comprises a pressure sensor, a power supply, an electromagnetic valve and a controller, the controller is electrically connected with the power supply, the pressure sensor and the electromagnetic valve, the pressure sensor is arranged on the three-way pipe to monitor the gas pressure in the three-way pipe in real time, and the controller can open or close the electromagnetic valve according to the pressure signal transmitted by the pressure sensor.

It should be noted that the controller may be a P L C or a single chip microcomputer, which may preset an opening pressure value and a closing pressure value, the former is greater than the latter, when the pressure signal surface pressure value transmitted to the controller by the pressure sensor is higher than the opening pressure value, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve to open, and then when the pressure drops to a value less than the closing pressure value, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve to close again, so as to perform the cyclic reciprocation, thereby implementing the respiration control.

In the above embodiments, the constant-current oxygen supply mechanism may be an oxygen supply and absorption tube with a flow meter or an oxygen bottle with a constant-flow valve in the center of the ward.

In the above embodiments, a connector for connecting a carbon dioxide monitor at the end of the air inlet pipe 1 close to the endotracheal tube 3 may be preset, and the three-way pipe may further be provided with a pressure safety valve.

In the above embodiments, the air outlet 44 is provided with a self-operated pressure regulating valve to realize Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP), and the pressure of the self-operated pressure regulating valve is in the range of 0-20cm H₂Adjustable in O.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (10)

1. The constant-flow low-ineffective-cavity breathing machine is characterized by comprising a three-way pipe formed by connecting an air inlet pipe (1) and an air outlet pipe (2), wherein one end of the air inlet pipe (1) is communicated with a tracheal catheter (3), the other end of the air inlet pipe is communicated with an oxygen supply pipeline of a constant-flow oxygen supply mechanism, a connector communicated with the inlet end of the air outlet pipe (2) is arranged on the pipe wall of one end, close to the tracheal catheter (3), of the air inlet pipe (1), the outlet end of the air outlet pipe (2) is connected with a breathing control mechanism (4), and the breathing control mechanism (4) can be opened and closed alternately in a circulating mode according to a set time proportion to change the air flow direction so that the air is ventilated to the lung of a patient.

2. The constant-flow type low dead volume breathing machine according to claim 1, wherein the breathing control mechanism (4) comprises a cylindrical valve housing (41) and a fan-shaped block-shaped valve core (42) positioned in the valve housing (41), the valve housing (41) is provided with an air inlet (43) and an air outlet (44), the air inlet (43) is communicated with the outlet end of the exhaust pipe (2), a servo motor is arranged outside the valve housing (41), and a rotating shaft (45) of the servo motor is fixedly connected with the valve core (42) and can drive the valve core (42) to rotate at a constant speed in the valve housing (41) to open and close the air inlet (43) alternately in a circulating manner.

3. The constant-flow type low dead volume breathing machine according to claim 2, wherein the air inlet (43) is arranged on the cylindrical side wall of the valve casing (41), the number of the valve cores (42) is two, the two valve cores are fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (45) of the servo motor at the circle center, the two valve cores (42) are spaced by 180 degrees in the circumferential direction of the valve casing (41), and the circle center angle of each valve core (42) is 45-90 degrees.

4. The constant-flow type low dead volume breathing machine according to claim 2, wherein the air inlet (43) is arranged on the cylindrical side wall of the valve housing (41), the number of the valve cores (42) is only one, the center of the valve cores is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (45) of the servo motor, and the central angle of the valve cores (42) is 90-180 degrees.

5. The constant-flow type low dead volume breathing machine according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the air outlet (44) is arranged on the circular end surface of the valve housing (41), the sector wall of the valve core (42) facing the circular end surface of the valve housing (41) is provided with an arc groove (46), and the arc groove (46) corresponds to the air outlet (44) to ensure that the internal space of the valve housing (41) is always communicated with the outside.

6. The constant-flow type low dead space breathing machine according to claim 1, wherein the breathing control mechanism (4) comprises a square-tube-shaped valve housing (41), and a blocking piece (47) and an eccentric wheel (48) which are positioned in the valve housing (41), an air inlet (43) and an air outlet (44) are respectively arranged at two ends of the valve housing (41), the air inlet (43) is communicated with the outlet end of the exhaust pipe (2), a servo motor is arranged outside the valve housing (41), a rotating shaft (45) of the servo motor is fixedly connected with the eccentric wheel (48), and when the servo motor rotates at a constant speed, the eccentric wheel (48) can drive the blocking piece (47) to move up and down to open and close the air inlet (43) alternately in a circulating manner.

7. A constant flow, low dead volume, breathing machine according to claim 1, wherein the breathing control means (4) comprises a timer, a power source and a solenoid valve, the timer being electrically connected to both the power source and the solenoid valve and being capable of setting the time proportion of the solenoid valve to be cyclically and alternately opened and closed.

8. The constant-current low dead volume respirator of claim 1, wherein the breathing control mechanism comprises a pressure sensor, a power supply, a solenoid valve and a controller, the controller is electrically connected to the power supply, the pressure sensor and the solenoid valve, the pressure sensor is arranged on the three-way pipe to monitor the gas pressure in the three-way pipe in real time, and the controller can open or close the solenoid valve according to a pressure signal transmitted by the pressure sensor.

9. The constant-current low dead space breathing machine according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the constant-current oxygen supply mechanism is an oxygen supply and inhalation tube or an oxygen bottle with a constant-current valve for central ward, a connector for connecting a carbon dioxide monitor at the end of the air inlet tube (1) close to the tracheal catheter (3) is preset, and a pressure safety valve is further arranged on the three-way tube.

10. The constant-flow low dead space breathing machine according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein a self-operated pressure regulating valve is arranged at the air outlet (44) to realize positive end-breathing pressure ventilation, and the pressure regulating valve can regulate the pressure in the range of 0-25cm water column.

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