CN111481282A - Self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fracture - Google Patents
Self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fracture Download PDFInfo
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- CN111481282A CN111481282A CN202010510006.9A CN202010510006A CN111481282A CN 111481282 A CN111481282 A CN 111481282A CN 202010510006 A CN202010510006 A CN 202010510006A CN 111481282 A CN111481282 A CN 111481282A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/72—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
- A61B17/7233—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone
- A61B17/725—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone with locking pins or screws of special form
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Abstract
The invention provides a self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fracture, which comprises a main nail, wherein the main nail comprises a main nail proximal section and a main nail distal section, one end of the main nail proximal section is connected with the main nail distal section, the other end of the main nail proximal section is of a cylindrical structure, and a cylindrical hollow groove is arranged in the cylindrical structure; the self-locking deformation device is arranged in the columnar hollow groove in a penetrating manner; the right side end of the head end of the self-locking pressurizing screw is provided with a clamping groove; the matched screwdriver is connected with one end of the tail sleeve at one end close to the columnar hollow groove, the other end of the tail sleeve is connected with the inner wall of the columnar hollow groove through threads, an axial screw is arranged in the matched screwdriver, and one end of the axial screw close to the self-locking pressurizing screw is connected with the self-locking pressurizing screw through a clamping groove; the invention reduces the condition of the iatrogenic injury of the common peroneal nerve caused by the poor position of the interlocking nail through self-locking fixation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fracture.
Background
The proximal fibula is an important part constituting the knee joint, and as a non-major load bearing bone, the fibula bears a load of about 1/6 of the knee joint, and therefore, the conventional view is that: proximal fibula fractures do not require fixation.
But recent studies have shown that: the knee joint posterolateral structure is mainly composed of a tibiofibula superior joint structure and a series of ligament tissue structures, the fibula is an important part in the structure although not a main load bearing bone, and the main related structures are as follows: fibula (supporting the posterolateral tibial plateau structure); the lateral collateral ligament (one end is attached to the proximal fibula and is composed of a fibula ligament, an arch ligament and the like); tibiofibular upper joint complex (anterior, medial and posterior tibiofibular upper ligament, etc.); the biceps femoris muscle is long and short, and the fibula is long. Studies have shown that the medial condyle of the tibial plateau is denser and mildly higher than the lateral condyle, while the proximal fibula is often used to cortical support the tibial plateau, and therefore, it can be found that: in the lateral knee joint structure, the fibula actually serves to provide bony support to the lateral and posterior sides of the tibial plateau. In a fibular fracture that involves a tibial plateau fracture, the tibiofibular upper ligament may cause the displaced proximal fibular fracture block to pull on the tibial plateau fracture block, thereby impeding the reduction of the tibial plateau fracture. In addition, the destruction of the proximal fibula anatomy also results in mechanical destruction of the posterior-lateral complex ligament system of the knee joint. Therefore, the proximal fibula fracture is not only the loss of tibial plateau support, but also changes the stability of the knee joint posterolateral ligament tissue system, and finally leads to the instability of the knee joint posterolateral structure.
Through 16 years of observation and research, more scholars consider that medial and lateral differential settlement of a tibial plateau, which causes loosening and degeneration by a lateral fibula support, is a decisive factor for secondary knee joint force line inward movement and knee varus deformity. According to the theory, if the proximal fibula osteotomy weakens the support of the outer side of the tibial plateau, the lower limb load force line is restored to a certain extent, the knee joint load moves outwards, the biological stress of the inner side joint surface of the knee joint is reduced, the tibial plateau is prevented from continuously generating uneven settlement, the tension of the soft tissue of the outer side of the knee joint is relieved, and the knee joint pain is relieved.
The traditional view is that the common peroneal nerve crosses the proximal fibula, and the nerve paralysis is caused by the separation of the common peroneal nerve in the operation, which causes iatrogenic injury, so that conservative treatment is usually selected clinically for the proximal fibula fracture. However, at present, anatomy and clinical application show that the proximal common fibula of the fibula is relatively fixed in position, the operation is safe and effective before the biceps femoris tendon, and meanwhile, the fibula belongs to a hollow tubular bone, so that the implantation of the intramedullary nail is really feasible theoretically. At present, intramedullary nail solutions for distal fibula fracture exist in the market, but intramedullary nails for proximal fibula fracture do not exist.
Therefore, there is a need for an intramedullary nail system suitable for the fixation of proximal fibular fractures to address the problems presented above.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fracture, which reduces the condition of common peroneal neuroiatrogenic injury caused by poor position of the locking nail through self-locking fixation.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fracture, comprising: the main nail comprises a main nail near section and a main nail far section, one end of the main nail near section is connected with the main nail far section, the other end of the main nail near section is of a cylindrical structure, and a cylindrical hollow groove is formed in the cylindrical structure; the self-locking deformation device is arranged in the columnar hollow groove in a penetrating manner; the upper end and the lower end of the head end of the self-locking pressurizing screw are in threaded connection with the inner wall of the columnar hollow groove, a clamping groove is formed in the right side end of the head end of the self-locking pressurizing screw, the left side end of the head end of the self-locking pressurizing screw is connected with the columnar end of the self-locking pressurizing screw, and the columnar end of the self-locking pressurizing screw is inserted into the columnar hollow groove; supporting screwdriver, supporting screwdriver is close to the one end in the cylindrical hollow groove is connected with the one end of tail cover, the other end of tail cover with cylindrical hollow inslot wall passes through threaded connection, supporting screwdriver internally mounted has the axial screw rod, the axial screw rod is close to the one end of auto-lock forcing screw is passed through the chucking groove with the auto-lock forcing screw is connected.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the clamping groove is an inner hexagonal groove, and a shape of one end of the axial screw rod close to the self-locking compression screw matches the inner hexagonal groove.
In an embodiment of the invention, one end of the main nail proximal section connected with the main nail distal section is provided with an arc, and the arc is the same as the arc of the anatomical shape of the proximal medullary cavity of the fibula.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the arc is 2 °.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the toughness of the material of one end of the main nail distal section away from the main nail proximal section is greater than the toughness of the material of the other positions of the main nail distal section.
In an embodiment of the invention, the self-locking deformation device is elastic damping.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the radial cross-sectional structure of the main nail distal section is triangular, and the thickness of each position of the main nail distal section is different.
As described above, the self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fracture of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The deformation of the self-locking deformation device is realized through the extrusion of the self-locking pressurizing screw, so that the main nail is fixed in the fibula to realize self-locking, and the condition of peroneal nerve iatrogenic injury caused by poor positions of the interlocking nails is reduced;
(2) The cylindrical structure of the proximal section of the main nail plays a role in blocking through the outer end part of the self-locking pressurizing screw, so that soft tissues can be effectively prevented from growing into a cavity in the main nail of the fibula, and a protection effect is achieved;
(3) The structural shape of the main nail conforms to the anatomical shape of the fibula medullary cavity, and operation is convenient to carry out.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the intramedullary nail device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a main nail structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the self-locking deforming device of the main nail of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the proximal section of the primary staple of the present invention.
Description of the element reference numerals
1-main nail; 11-main nail proximal section; 12-a main nail distal section; 13-cylindrical configuration; 14-column hollow slots; 2-self-locking deformation device;
3-self-locking compression screw; 31-a clamping groove; 4-matched screwdriver; 41-tail sleeve; 42-axial screw.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions of the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical significance. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.
The self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fracture is used for solving the problem that the powder fluidization height of the self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fracture is inconsistent in the prior art, so that the product coating height is inconsistent.
The principle and embodiments of the self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fracture of the present invention will be described in detail below, so that those skilled in the art can understand the self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fracture without creative efforts.
See fig. 1-4. The self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fracture provided by the embodiment realizes the deformation of the self-locking deformation device through the extrusion of the self-locking compression screw, so that the main nail is fixed in the fibula to realize self-locking, and the condition of peroneal nerve iatrogenic injury caused by poor position of the interlocking nail is reduced; the cylindrical structure of the proximal section of the main nail plays a role in blocking through the outer end part of the self-locking pressurizing screw, so that soft tissues can be effectively prevented from growing into a cavity in the main nail of the fibula, and a protection effect is achieved; the structural shape of the main nail conforms to the anatomical shape of the fibula medullary cavity, and operation is convenient to carry out.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in one embodiment, the self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fracture of the present invention comprises:
The main nail 1, main nail 1 is including the nearly section 11 of main nail and main nail far-end 12, the nearly section 11 one end of main nail with main nail far-end 12 is connected, the nearly section 11 other end of main nail is cylindrical structure 13, cylindrical structure 13 inside is provided with post type hollow groove 14.
And the self-locking deformation device 2 is arranged on the inner wall of the column-shaped hollow groove 14 in a penetrating manner.
In an embodiment, the self-locking deformation device 2 is elastic damping, specifically, variable spring damping, and after being extruded, the self-locking deformation device 2 can realize deformation, is expanded outwards under the deformation effect, and is fixed on the bone marrow cavity wall at the proximal end of the fibula under the static friction effect, so that the self-locking of the whole main nail 1 in the marrow is completed, and the operation is convenient. Further, the self-locking deformation device 2 can also be formed by an elastic metal plate, a radial through hole or a groove is arranged in the cylindrical structure of the main nail near section 11, a threaded hole is arranged at the axis of the cylindrical structure at the far side of the cylindrical structure, a through hole is arranged at the axis of the cylindrical structure at the near side of the cylindrical structure, when the self-locking compression screw 3 is screwed in, the distance between the far side metal plate and the near side metal plate of the self-locking deformation device is reduced, the distance between the intersection points of the two ends of the far side metal plate and the near side metal plate is increased, and the self-locking deformation device is inserted into the bone structure at the outer side through the radial through. The upper end and the lower end of the nail head end of the self-locking pressurizing screw 3 are in thread connection with the inner wall of the cylindrical hollow groove 14, the right side end of the nail head end of the self-locking pressurizing screw 3 is provided with a clamping groove 31, the left side end of the nail head end of the self-locking pressurizing screw 3 is connected with the cylindrical end of the self-locking pressurizing screw 3, and the cylindrical end of the self-locking pressurizing screw 3 is inserted into the cylindrical hollow groove 14;
Supporting screwdriver 4, supporting screwdriver 4 is close to the one end of post type hollow groove 14 is connected with the one end of tail cover 41, the other end of tail cover 41 with post type hollow groove 14 inner wall passes through threaded connection, 4 internally mounted of supporting screwdriver has axial screw 42, axial screw 42 is close to the one end of auto-lock forcing screw is passed through chucking groove 31 with auto-lock forcing screw 3 is connected.
When the operation is performed, the matched screwdriver 4 is matched with the clamping groove 31 on the self-locking compression screw 3 through the axial screw 42 under the rotation action of the matched screwdriver 4, the self-locking compression screw 3 is rotated on the inner wall thread of the cylindrical structure 13 of the main nail near section 11 through the thread by rotating the matched screwdriver 4, the axial screw 42 and the columnar end of the self-locking compression screw 3 are positioned on the same horizontal line, so that the acting force of the matched screwdriver 4 can directly act on the self-locking compression screw 3 when the matched screwdriver 4 rotates to apply pressure, the rapid positioning and operation of the matched screwdriver 4 are realized, the self-locking compression screw 3 is enabled to continuously move towards the inside of the main nail near section 11, the self-locking compression screw 3 extrudes the self-locking deformation device 2 to cause the self-locking deformation device 2 to deform and expand outwards under the deformation action, and is fixed on the bone marrow cavity wall at the proximal section of the fibula under the action of static friction force, thereby completing the self-locking of the whole main nail 1 in the marrow and facilitating the operation.
When the self-locking deformation device 2 needs to be loosened, the self-locking compression screw 3 returns to the original position only by reversely rotating the matched screwdriver 4, the self-locking deformation device 2 loses the extrusion effect of the self-locking compression screw 3 and automatically returns to the original shape, the tightness adjustment of the whole intramedullary main nail 1 is realized, and the reset work of the whole self-locking deformation device 2 is completed.
When the matched screwdriver 4 rotates to pressurize, the axial screw 42 arranged inside the matched screwdriver 4 can directly apply acting force to the whole self-locking pressurizing screw 3, so that the whole pressurizing process is more stable, and deviation is not easy to occur.
It should be noted that the main nail 1 in the scheme comprises a main nail proximal section 11 and a main nail distal section 12, and the structural appearance of the main nail 1 conforms to the anatomical angle shape of the medullary cavity of the fibula, so that the operation is convenient.
In an embodiment, the clamping groove 31 is an inner hexagonal groove, the shape of one end of the shaft rod 42 close to the self-locking pressurizing screw 3 is matched with the inner hexagonal groove, and one end of the shaft rod 42 is matched with the inner hexagonal groove, so that the rotation of the shaft rod 42 can drive the whole self-locking pressurizing screw 3 to rotate, thereby realizing self-locking pressurization.
In one embodiment, the end of the main nail proximal section 11 connected with the main nail distal section 12 is arc-shaped, the arc is the same as the anatomical shape of the proximal medullary cavity of the fibula, and the arc of the main nail proximal section 11 is the same as the anatomical shape of the proximal medullary cavity of the fibula, so that the main nail 1 is more stable and tightly attached after being inserted into the intramedullary cavity.
In one embodiment, the arc is 2 °.
In one embodiment, the toughness of the material of the end of the main nail distal section 12 far away from the main nail proximal section 11 is greater than that of the material of the rest position of the main nail distal section 12, and the toughness of the end of the main nail distal section 12 inserted into the intramedullary cavity is set to be greater, so that the main nail 1 can be conveniently and stably inserted into the intramedullary rod of the fibula to match different intramedullary cavity structures.
In one embodiment, the radial cross-sectional structure of the main nail distal section 12 is triangular, and the thickness of each position of the main nail distal section is different, so that when the main nail distal section 12 is inserted into the fibula intramedullary cavity, the main nail 1 can be effectively prevented from being launched and rotated, and the failure during the resetting operation can be prevented.
Specifically, during the operation, the width of the proximal medullary cavity of the fibula of the patient is determined through CT examination before the operation, a plan before the operation is made, and the approximate diameter of the distal end and the proximal end of the main nail 1 in the medullary is selected.
During the actual operation, the doctor can firstly reset the fractured end or reset through the intramedullary main nail 1, but the protection of the common peroneal nerve is required.
Before a main nail 1 implanted in marrow is implanted, an arc-shaped incision is made in front of a fibula, the fibula is touched, biceps femoris tendon and lateral collateral ligament are recognized, a hook is used for drawing, the proximal triangular position of the fibula is exposed, a medical mouth gag is used for opening at the top end, a guide pin is guided in, a fluoroscopy machine is used for observing that the guide pin is in the right middle of the lateral position of a medullary cavity, the marrow is opened by a proximal marrow opener (with the diameter of 5 mm), and the guide pin is taken out. The entire intramedullary nail device with the screwdriver holder installed is inserted into the patient's medullary cavity (during which identification and orientation adjustments may be made by a fluoroscopy machine).
After the proximal section of the main nail 1 in the intramedullary nail is 2mm below the needle insertion point during operation fluoroscopy, the self-locking pressurizing device 2 is pressurized by the matched screwdriver 4 until the locking is realized, and the tail cap nail and the tail screw are placed after the matched screwdriver 4 is taken out to complete the operation process.
In conclusion, the self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fracture realizes the deformation of the self-locking deformation device through the extrusion of the self-locking compression screw, so that the main nail is fixed in the fibula to realize self-locking, and the condition of the iatrogenic injury of the peroneal nerve caused by the poor position of the interlocking nail is reduced; the cylindrical structure of the proximal section of the main nail plays a role in blocking through the outer end part of the self-locking pressurizing screw, so that soft tissues can be effectively prevented from growing into a cavity in the main nail of the fibula, and a protection effect is achieved; the structural shape of the main nail conforms to the anatomical angle shape of the fibula medullary cavity, so that the operation is convenient; therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fractures, comprising:
The main nail comprises a main nail near section and a main nail far section, one end of the main nail near section is connected with the main nail far section, the other end of the main nail near section is of a cylindrical structure, and a cylindrical hollow groove is formed in the cylindrical structure;
The self-locking deformation device is arranged in the columnar hollow groove in a penetrating manner;
The upper end and the lower end of the head end of the self-locking pressurizing screw are in threaded connection with the inner wall of the columnar hollow groove, a clamping groove is formed in the right side end of the head end of the self-locking pressurizing screw, the left side end of the head end of the self-locking pressurizing screw is connected with the columnar end of the self-locking pressurizing screw, and the columnar end of the self-locking pressurizing screw is inserted into the columnar hollow groove;
Supporting screwdriver, supporting screwdriver is close to the one end in the cylindrical hollow groove is connected with the one end of tail cover, the other end of tail cover with cylindrical hollow inslot wall passes through threaded connection, supporting screwdriver internally mounted has the axial screw rod, the axial screw rod is close to the one end of auto-lock forcing screw is passed through the chucking groove with the auto-lock forcing screw is connected.
2. The self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fractures according to claim 1, wherein the clamping groove is a hexagonal socket, and an end of the axial screw rod near the self-locking compression screw is shaped to match the hexagonal socket.
3. The self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fracture according to claim 1, wherein the end of the main nail proximal section connected with the main nail distal section is provided with an arc shape, and the arc shape has the same arc shape as the anatomical shape of the proximal fibula medullary cavity.
4. The self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fractures according to claim 3, wherein the arc of the arc is 2 °.
5. The self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fracture according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the toughness of the material of the distal main nail section at the end far away from the proximal main nail section is greater than the toughness of the material of the other positions of the distal main nail section.
6. The self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fractures according to claim 1, wherein the self-locking deformation device is elastically damped.
7. The self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fractures according to claim 1, wherein the radial cross-sectional configuration of the distal main nail section is triangular and the thickness of the distal main nail section varies at each location.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010510006.9A CN111481282A (en) | 2020-06-08 | 2020-06-08 | Self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fracture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010510006.9A CN111481282A (en) | 2020-06-08 | 2020-06-08 | Self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fracture |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111481282A true CN111481282A (en) | 2020-08-04 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010510006.9A Pending CN111481282A (en) | 2020-06-08 | 2020-06-08 | Self-locking intramedullary nail device for proximal fibula fracture |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111481282A (en) |
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2020
- 2020-06-08 CN CN202010510006.9A patent/CN111481282A/en active Pending
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