CN111481211A

CN111481211A - Positioning device for blood drawing

Info

Publication number: CN111481211A
Application number: CN202010292322.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 江雪梅; 张艳玲
Original assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of PLA Military Medical University
Current assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of PLA Military Medical University
Priority date: 2020-04-14
Filing date: 2020-04-14
Publication date: 2020-08-04
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-14
Also published as: CN111481211B

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, and particularly discloses a positioning device for blood drawing. The needle positioning device comprises a positioning rod, a positioning plate and a limiting unit, wherein the positioning plate is opposite to the needle head, the positioning rod is positioned between the positioning plate and the needle head, and the positioning rod is perpendicular to the moving direction of the needle head; the limiting unit is located on one side, away from the needle head, of the positioning rod, the limiting unit comprises a limiting plate and a driving piece, the limiting plate can slide towards one side, close to the needle head, of the limiting plate, the driving piece is used for driving the limiting plate to slide, and the limiting plate is opposite to the positioning rod. The positioning device for blood drawing can fix the arm of a patient so as to facilitate the needle to position the blood vessel.

Description

Positioning device for blood drawing

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a positioning device for blood drawing.

Background

When a hospital needs a doctor, blood drawing and examination are common examination means, when the number of people who need the doctor is large, the workload of medical staff who take charge of blood drawing and examination is large, and the workload of the medical staff who take charge of blood drawing is large because the number of the medical staff is limited and the number of the medical staff who take charge of blood drawing is limited; moreover, under the condition that part of the medical staff is responsible for the blood drawing work, the medical staff responsible for the test is reduced, and the test for the blood also needs a certain time, so the patient usually needs to wait for a long time to receive the result, which undoubtedly prolongs the medical time of the patient, and under the difficult condition that the patient has serious illness, the patient suffers from pain because of the long-time waiting.

In view of the above problems, there is a device capable of automatic blood drawing, as disclosed in the patent application No. 201711300831.0, a machine for drawing blood from a blood vessel includes a fixing unit for fixing a body to be drawn; the fixing unit comprises a first sub-piece and a second sub-piece; a gravity sensor that detects a gravity value on the fixed unit; the lifting platform is arranged at the lower part of the fixing unit and lifts the fixing unit; the image acquisition unit acquires skin images of a patient and sends the acquired skin images to the control unit; the control unit obtains the corresponding position information of the blood vessel in the body according to the skin image; the puncture assembly is arranged on the mechanical arm and comprises a needle head and a pressure sensor; when the gravity sensor detects a gravity value, the control unit combines the movable end of the first sub-piece and the movable end of the second sub-piece to fix a body of blood to be extracted, controls the lifting platform to ascend so that the fixing unit ascends to a preset position, and controls the needle head to extract the blood in the blood vessel according to a preset strategy; the preset strategy is that (1) the mechanical arm is controlled to move according to the position information, so that the needle head is positioned above the blood vessel; (2) the needle head is parallel to the blood vessel; (3) and adjusting the included angle between the needle head and the blood vessel, and controlling the needle head to puncture into the blood vessel to draw blood.

When the machine is used, the first sub-piece and the second sub-piece are pressed on the arm of a patient from two sides to clamp and fix the arm of the patient, but when the first sub-piece and the second sub-piece apply larger pressure to the patient, on one hand, the skin and muscle of the arm of the patient are easy to move, so that the position of a blood vessel is deviated, and the puncture of a needle head is adversely affected; on the other hand, the patient's arm is squeezed, which hinders the flow of blood and adversely affects the blood withdrawal. If the first sub-piece and the second sub-piece exert small pressure on the patient, the arm of the patient cannot be completely fixed easily, and after the needle head penetrates into the human body, the patient easily contracts the hand in a conditioned reflection manner under the action of pain suddenly generated, so that the needle head is easily broken.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a positioning device for blood drawing for fixing the arm of a patient, which is convenient for positioning a blood vessel by a needle.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the positioning device for blood drawing comprises a positioning rod, a positioning plate and a limiting unit, wherein the positioning plate is opposite to the needle head, the positioning rod is positioned between the positioning plate and the needle head, and the positioning rod is perpendicular to the moving direction of the needle head; the limiting unit is located on one side, away from the needle head, of the positioning rod, the limiting unit comprises a limiting plate and a driving piece, the limiting plate can slide towards one side, close to the needle head, of the limiting plate, the driving piece is used for driving the limiting plate to slide, and the limiting plate is opposite to the positioning rod.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does:

1. patient's arm is palm center and keeps away from syringe needle one side from the locating lever and removes to locating lever below back, and patient's palm can be held on the locating lever, when drawing blood, even the patient experiences pain, and conventional conditioned reflex is for holding the palm, withdraw the arm to one's body, nevertheless because patient's palm holds on the locating lever, the patient can't withdraw the arm to avoid the relative syringe needle motion of arm, make the syringe needle rupture.

2. Can restrict patient's finger after the locating plate roll-off for patient's palm keeps holding the gesture of locating lever, avoids at syringe needle roll-off in-process, and the patient relaxs the locating lever, guarantees that the patient still keeps holding the gesture of locating lever when experiencing pain, avoids patient's arm to withdraw because of pain, further avoids the relative syringe needle motion of arm, makes the syringe needle rupture.

Further, be equipped with the ejector pad between locating lever and the limiting plate, but the ejector pad is relative the locating lever slip and the slip direction of ejector pad is the same with the moving direction of syringe needle, the ejector pad is connected with the disinfection unit, the disinfection unit includes the disinfect box, the shower nozzle, piston and push rod, the disinfect box is located the locating lever and is close to syringe needle one side, the piston is fixed with disinfect box sliding seal and push rod one end and piston, the piston is kept away from piston one end and is run through the disinfect box and with disinfect box sliding connection, the piston is kept away from push rod one end and is the disinfection chamber, the piston lateral wall is fixed with the first check valve with the disinfect box intercommunication, shower.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: after crossing the locating lever, the patient finger is crooked gradually, the in-process of holding on the locating lever can promote the ejector pad to being close to syringe needle one side, promote the piston along the disinfect box, make the antiseptic solution in the disinfect box from the shower nozzle blowout, disinfect patient's hand, avoid the germ adhesion of patient's hand on the locating lever, after the palm was held on the locating lever in next patient's blood drawing in-process, the germ adhesion on the locating lever is at next patient's palm, cause cross infection.

Furthermore, the spray head is positioned on one side of the positioning rod away from the positioning plate.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: when the patient held on the locating lever, the palm was direct and the locating lever contact, and when holding, patient's palm was towards syringe needle one side, and the shower nozzle in this scheme is just to patient's palm, can directly spout the antiseptic solution in patient's palm, and the germ on killing the palm that can be better to avoid the germ adhesion on the palm on the locating lever.

Further, the first one-way valve is communicated with a liquid storage tank.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: when the piston resets, the antiseptic solution that stores up in the liquid reserve tank can be inhaled in the disinfect box, in time supplements the antiseptic solution in the disinfect box, avoids the antiseptic solution in the disinfect box to run out, can't disinfect again.

Furthermore, the locating rod includes the sleeve, and the sleeve lateral wall is equipped with a plurality of suction channel, and the sleeve intercommunication has the air compression spare that is used for filling into and exhaust gas in to the sleeve.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: the air pressing part during operation can make and form the negative pressure in the sleeve to make external gas get into in the sleeve through the passageway of breathing in, and gas makes the gas flow rate around the palm increase when patient's palm, thereby improves the evaporation rate of the antiseptic solution of adhesion on the palm, avoids antiseptic solution to drip to the locating lever below in a large number, and antiseptic solution evaporation rate increases and also can avoid remaining liquid antiseptic solution on the palm for a long time, brings the discomfort for the patient.

Furthermore, a sealing block is connected in the air suction channel in a sliding manner, an elastic limiting block is fixed on the sealing block, a guide rod for guiding the sealing block is arranged in the air suction channel, and the thickness of the sealing block is more than or equal to the wall thickness of the sleeve; the locating lever still includes the elasticity gasbag, and the elasticity gasbag is located the sleeve and elasticity gasbag both ends can be fixed relatively, is fixed with the second check valve on the elasticity gasbag, and pneumatic pressing piece and elasticity gasbag intercommunication.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: can make the elasticity gasbag inflation when aerifing in to the elasticity gasbag, make the elasticity gasbag outwards promote and cross the elasticity stopper with sealed piece, sealed piece blocks up the passageway of breathing in, the patient grips back on the locating lever, the sealed piece that receives patient pressure is reverse to reset, open the passageway of breathing in, external air current is only inhaled from the passageway of breathing in around the palm this moment, avoid a large amount of air currents to be inhaled from the passageway of breathing in of keeping away from palm department, it is slower to lead to the gas flow rate around the palm, can't make the antiseptic solution on the palm evaporate fast.

Furthermore, the air suction channel is in a cone-barrel shape, one end of the air suction channel close to the elastic air bag is larger than the other end of the air suction channel.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: the diameter of one end of the air suction channel, which is far away from the elastic air bag, is smaller, so that the sealing block which slides outwards can be limited, and the sealing block is prevented from being separated from the air suction channel completely.

Furthermore, one end of the sealing block, which is far away from the elastic air bag, is provided with an arc-shaped convex part.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: the convex part can increase the length that sealed piece is kept away from elasticity gasbag one end from the inspiratory channel and is stretched out to improve and be pushed the distance that moves after, thereby make the gap increase between sealed piece and the inspiratory channel, allow more gas to pass through in the unit interval, thereby increase the velocity of flow of gas around the palm, further promote the antiseptic solution evaporation on the patient palm.

Furthermore, an inner rod is axially arranged in the sleeve, the elastic air bag is coated on the outer wall of the inner rod, and two ends of the elastic air bag are fixed with the inner rod.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: the inner rod is located in the sleeve, so that the positioning rod is of a double-layer structure, the strength of the positioning rod is improved, and the deformation of the positioning rod is avoided.

Furthermore, a condensation cavity is arranged in the inner rod.

The beneficial effect of this scheme does: in summer, the temperature of the inner rod and the sleeve can be reduced by introducing low-temperature gas or low-temperature liquid into the condensation cavity, and the palm of a patient is more comfortable when holding the sleeve. When alcohol is used as a disinfectant, evaporated ethanol is wrapped in gas and enters between the air bag and the inner rod, heat in gaseous ethanol is gradually transferred to low-temperature gas or low-temperature liquid in the condensation cavity, the temperature of the ethanol is reduced to be liquid and attached to the outer wall of the inner rod, the outer wall of the inner rod is disinfected, and propagation of germs on the inner rod is inhibited, and even germs are killed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front longitudinal sectional view of example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a positioning rod in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a positioning plate 1, a needle 2, a sleeve 3, a sealing block 31, an air suction channel 32, an elastic limiting block 33, a groove 34, a convex block 35, an elastic air bag 4, a second one-way valve 41, a disinfection box 5, a piston 51, a first one-way valve 52, a push block 53, a spray head 54, disinfection strength 55, a liquid storage box 6, a hydraulic cylinder 7, a limiting plate 71, a cushion 72, a pressure sensor 73, an inner rod 8 and a condensation chamber 81.

Example 1

Draw blood and use positioner, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, including frame, locating lever, locating plate 1 and spacing unit, the needle 2 vertical setting and the needle point of device of drawing blood are taken as the example down to this embodiment, and locating plate 1 is located the below of needle 2 and welds in the frame, and the locating lever is located between locating plate 1 and the needle 2 and is located 2 right sides of needle. The locating lever transversely sets up and with frame threaded connection, and spacing unit is located the right side of locating lever.

Spacing unit in this embodiment includes limiting plate 71 and driving piece, and limiting plate 71 is located the right side of locating lever and is relative with the locating lever, and limiting plate 71 is arc and limiting plate 71 right-hand member welding on the push rod of pneumatic cylinder 7, and during the concrete implementation, the left wall of limiting plate 71 passes through the bolt fastening and has pressure sensor 73 and the cementing have blotter 72, and is specific, and blotter 72 adopts the sponge material. The driving piece is located the limiting plate 71 right side, and the driving piece passes through the bolt fastening in the frame, and the driving piece in this embodiment adopts pneumatic cylinder 7. The hydraulic cylinder 7 is connected to the control unit of the blood drawing device and the push rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7 is extended while the needle 2 is extended and the push rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7 is retracted while the needle 2 is retracted.

A pushing block 53 is arranged between the positioning rod and the limiting plate 71, and the vertical projection of the pushing block 53 is located between the positioning rod and the limiting plate 71. Ejector pad 53 top is equipped with the disinfection unit, and the disinfection unit includes disinfect box 5, shower nozzle 54, piston 51 and push rod, and disinfect box 5 welds in the frame, and piston 51 is located disinfect box 5 and with disinfect box 5 sliding seal, and the welding of the vertical setting of push rod and push rod upper end is on piston 51, and the push rod lower extreme runs through disinfect box 5 and welds at ejector pad 53 top, is equipped with the gap between push rod and the disinfect box 5 to slide from top to bottom for the push rod. The inner chamber of piston 51 top is the disinfection chamber, and the disinfection intracavity has stored up the antiseptic solution, and 5 upper ends of disinfect box are equipped with inlet channel, and the rubber joint has the first check valve 52 that allows one-way entering disinfection chamber of liquid in the inlet channel, and the welding has the liquid reserve tank 6 that has the antiseptic solution in the interior storage in the frame, and inlet channel passes through pipeline and liquid reserve tank 6 intercommunication. The spray head 54 is positioned above the positioning rod, the spray head 54 is glued at the lower end of the push rod, and the spray head 54 is communicated with the disinfection cavity through a pipeline.

The locating lever includes sleeve 3 and

elastic airbag

4, and 3 rear ends of sleeve and frame threaded connection, elastic airbag 4 are located sleeve 3 and elastic airbag 4 front and back both ends glue respectively on 3 inner walls of sleeve. The 3 lateral walls of sleeve are equipped with a plurality of breathing in passageways 32, breathing in passageway 32 in this embodiment is the awl tubbiness that the diameter that is close to 4 one end of elasticity gasbag is greater than the other end diameter, all be equipped with sealed piece 31 and elasticity stopper 33 in every breathing in passageway 32, sealed piece 31 and breathing in passageway 32 sliding seal and sealed piece 31 are greater than the diameter that the elasticity gasbag 4 one end was kept away from to breathing in passageway 32, the thickness of sealed piece 31 is greater than the wall thickness of sleeve 3, it is concrete, the one end that the gasbag was kept away from to sealed piece 31 in this embodiment is equipped with and is the outside bellied epirelief of arc, guarantee that the tip of lug 35 is from the upper end or the lower extreme protrusion of breathing in passageway.

The elastic block is positioned at one end of the suction channel 32 close to the elastic air bag 4 and is glued on the side wall of the suction channel 32. The side wall of the elastic block is integrally formed with a convex block 35, the side wall of the air suction channel 32 is provided with a groove 34 for accommodating the convex block 35, a guide rod is welded in the groove 34 along the length direction of the air suction channel 32, and the guide rod penetrates through the convex block 35 and is in clearance fit with the convex block 35, so that the convex block 35 can slide along the axial direction of the guide rod.

The frame is fixed with the air compression part through the bolt, the air compression part in this embodiment includes air pump and inflation air pump, the inlet end of air pump and the end of giving vent to anger of inflation air pump all communicate with 4 inner chambers of elastic airbag through the pipeline, 4 lateral walls of elastic airbag glue joint have the second check valve 41 that allows gas to get into elastic airbag 4, in the time of practical implementation, air pump and inflation air pump all are connected with the control unit of the device of drawing blood, and when syringe needle 2 stretches out, the air pump that bleeds begins work in step, when syringe needle 2 retracts, the air pump that inflates begins work in step.

In this embodiment, alcohol is selected as the disinfectant, and the specific implementation process is as follows:

initially, the positioning plate 1 is located at the right side of the pushing block 53, the piston 51 is located at the lower end of the sterilizing box 5 under the action of the pushing block 53, alcohol in the sterilizing cavity and self weight, the elastic air bag 4 is in a contracted state, and the sealing block 31 closes the air suction channel 32. The patient's arm is the ascending gesture of palm even locating plate 1 top, and the finger stretches into from between locating plate 1 and the sleeve 3 to push away ejector pad 53 upwards when the finger is crooked, grip gradually on sleeve 3, make piston 51 upwards slide, push out the disinfection chamber with the alcohol of disinfection intracavity, make alcohol from shower nozzle 54 blowout, fall and disinfect to the palm on patient's palm. When the palm of the patient is held on the sleeve 3, the sealing block 31 opposite to the palm is pressed into the sleeve 3, and the inhalation passage 32 opposite to the palm is opened.

The patient starts the blood drawing device after holding on the sleeve 3 with the palm, when the needle 2 extends out to draw blood, the air pump starts, the push rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7 extends out, the hydraulic cylinder 7 enables the limiting plate 71 to press on the finger of the patient, the finger is limited, the pressure sensor 73 detects the pressure, and the hydraulic cylinder 7 is closed when the pressure reaches a preset value. The air pump forms negative pressure in the elastic air bag 4, after the air in the sleeve 3 enters the elastic air bag 4, negative pressure is formed in the sleeve 3, the air around the palm is sucked into the sleeve 3 through the air suction channel 32 opposite to the palm, the air around the palm is enabled to flow, and therefore alcohol on the palm is enabled to evaporate.

After the blood drawing is completed, when the needle head 2 retracts, the inflation air pump is started synchronously, the air pump stops working, the push rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7 retracts, the limiting plate 71 gradually releases the fingers of the patient, the inflation air pump inflates the elastic air bag 4 to expand the elastic air bag 4, after the needle head 2 is completely pulled out, the palm of the patient releases the sleeve 3, the arm can be retracted from the position between the sleeve 3 and the positioning plate 1, the elastic air bag 4 enables the sealing block 31 to reset, and the air suction channel 32 is closed again.

Example 2

On the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 3, an inner rod 8 is disposed in the sleeve 3 in this embodiment, two ends of the inner rod 8 penetrate two ends of the elastic airbag 4, the elastic airbag 4 in this embodiment is wrapped on the outer wall of the inner rod 8, and specifically, two ends of the elastic airbag 4 are glued on the inner rod 8. A condensation cavity 81 is arranged in the inner rod 8, and the left end and the right end of the inner rod 8 are both connected with pipelines in a glued mode.

When the positioning device for blood drawing in the embodiment is used, the pipeline connected with one end of the inner barrel can be communicated with external refrigeration equipment such as an air conditioner, low-temperature gas is introduced into the inner rod 8, the temperature of the inner rod 8 and the sleeve 3 is reduced after the low-temperature gas enters the inner rod 8, the lower end of the inner rod 8 is discharged from the other end of the inner rod, after the alcohol is sucked into the elastic air bag 4, the temperature of the alcohol in contact with the inner rod 8 is reduced, part of the alcohol is liquefied and is in contact with the outer wall of the inner rod 8, and the outer wall of the inner rod 8 is disinfected. Otherwise, other operations in this embodiment are the same as those in embodiment 1, and are not described again in this embodiment.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various changes and modifications without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these should be construed as the scope of protection of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent. The techniques, shapes, and structural parts, which are omitted from the description of the present invention, are all known techniques.

Claims

1. Positioner is used in blood drawing, its characterized in that: the needle positioning device comprises a positioning rod, a positioning plate and a limiting unit, wherein the positioning plate is opposite to a needle head, the positioning rod is positioned between the positioning plate and the needle head, and the positioning rod is perpendicular to the moving direction of the needle head; the limiting unit is located on one side, away from the needle head, of the positioning rod, the limiting unit comprises a limiting plate and a driving piece, the limiting plate can slide towards one side, close to the needle head, of the limiting plate, the driving piece is used for driving the limiting plate to slide, and the limiting plate is opposite to the positioning rod.

2. The positioning device for blood drawing according to claim 1, wherein: be equipped with the ejector pad between locating lever and the limiting plate, but the ejector pad relative positioning lever slides and the slip direction of ejector pad is the same with the moving direction of syringe needle, the ejector pad is connected with the disinfection unit, the disinfection unit includes disinfect box, shower nozzle, piston and push rod, the disinfect box is located the locating lever and is close to syringe needle one side, the piston is fixed with disinfect box sliding seal and push rod one end and piston, the push rod is kept away from piston one end and is run through the disinfect box and with disinfect box sliding connection, the piston is kept away from push rod one end and is the disinfection chamber, the piston lateral wall is fixed with the first check valve with the disinfect box intercommunication, shower nozzle and disinfection chamber intercommunication.

3. The positioning device for blood drawing according to claim 2, wherein: the spray head is positioned on one side of the positioning rod away from the positioning plate.

4. The positioning device for blood drawing according to claim 3, wherein: the first one-way valve is communicated with a liquid storage tank.

5. The positioning device for blood drawing according to claim 2, wherein: the locating rod comprises a sleeve, a plurality of air suction channels are formed in the side wall of the sleeve, and the sleeve is communicated with an air pressing piece used for filling and discharging air into and out of the sleeve.

6. The positioning device for blood drawing according to claim 5, wherein: the air suction channel is internally provided with a guide rod for guiding the sealing block, and the thickness of the sealing block is more than or equal to the wall thickness of the sleeve; the positioning rod further comprises an elastic air bag, the elastic air bag is located in the sleeve, two ends of the elastic air bag can be fixed relative to the sleeve, a second one-way valve is fixed on the elastic air bag, and the air pressing piece is communicated with the elastic air bag.

7. The positioning device for blood drawing according to claim 6, wherein: the air suction channel is in a cone-barrel shape, one end of the air suction channel close to the elastic air bag is larger than the other end of the air suction channel.

8. The positioning device for blood drawing according to claim 7, wherein: one end of the sealing block, which is far away from the elastic air bag, is provided with an arc-shaped convex part.

9. The positioning device for blood drawing according to claim 6, wherein: an inner rod is axially arranged in the sleeve, the elastic air bag covers the outer wall of the inner rod, and two ends of the elastic air bag are fixed with the inner rod.

10. The positioning device for blood drawing according to claim 9, wherein: and a condensation cavity is arranged in the inner rod.