CN111478887B - Block chain Internet of things system and operation method - Google Patents
Block chain Internet of things system and operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111478887B CN111478887B CN202010196374.0A CN202010196374A CN111478887B CN 111478887 B CN111478887 B CN 111478887B CN 202010196374 A CN202010196374 A CN 202010196374A CN 111478887 B CN111478887 B CN 111478887B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
- H04L63/0823—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities using certificates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/10—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for controlling access to devices or network resources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/50—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols using hash chains, e.g. blockchains or hash trees
Abstract
The invention discloses a block chain Internet of things system and an operation method, wherein the system comprises: a cloud platform comprising: cloud CA units and block link points; a service end, comprising: a service CA unit and a service gateway; an equipment end; the block chain node is connected with the service end through the cloud CA unit in an authentication manner; the service gateway is connected with the equipment terminal through a service CA unit in an authentication way; the block chain node only provides a private interface for the service end, and the service end realizes the block chain function through the private interface. The method is applicable to the system. The block chain Internet of things system provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects: the connection is executed in an authentication mode, so that the identification of the access equipment can be realized, and the management capability of the block chain on the service level can be improved through a private interface.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of Internet of things, in particular to a block chain Internet of things system and an operation method.
Background
With the specialization of cloud computing and intelligent devices, the internet of things (such as smart homes and smart cities) has evolved into an application system formed by accessing cloud open platforms and products of various different service types (such as environment sensor manufacturers and intelligent switch manufacturers), and end users can access and control different devices through a unified interface provided by the cloud platforms.
1. When the system uses the block chain for networking, all nodes are equal due to the extremely strong de-neutralization characteristic of the traditional block chain, and no limitation is imposed on the added nodes. Therefore, in the application of the internet of things, the identification, addition and deletion of the access equipment are difficult to realize.
2. Because of the diversity and openness of the device types, it is not practical to manage the effective device types by the traditional blockchain itself. Meanwhile, different devices have service authority management (such as data isolation among services) due to different service types, which cannot be realized for the traditional block chain.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to at least alleviating one of the technical problems in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a block chain Internet of things system and an operation method.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a blockchain internet of things system, including: a cloud platform comprising: cloud CA units and block link points; a service end, comprising: a service CA unit and a service gateway; an equipment end; the block chain node is connected with the service end through the cloud CA unit in an authentication manner; the service gateway is connected with the equipment terminal through a service CA unit in an authentication way; the block chain node only provides a private interface for the service end, and the service end realizes the block chain function through the private interface.
The block chain Internet of things system provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects: the connection is executed in an authentication mode, so that the identification of the access equipment can be realized, and the management capability of the block chain on the service level can be improved through a private interface.
According to the blockchain Internet of things system based on some embodiments of the invention, a key pair is generated by blockchain link points, and a cloud CA unit signs and issues a certificate to a public key so as to complete cloud authorization; and carrying out information synchronization on the block chain nodes which finish cloud authorization and other authorized block chain nodes. By completing the signing and certificate issuance, the management capacity for the blockchain nodes can be increased.
Based on the blockchain Internet of things system of some embodiments of the invention, the business CA unit generates a key pair, and the cloud CA unit signs and issues a certificate to the public key to complete cloud authorization. By completing the signing and certificate issuance, the management capabilities for the business layer can be increased.
In the blockchain Internet of things system based on some embodiments of the invention, a device end outputs a service request; the service gateway generates a corresponding block chain script according to the service request; and allowing the block chain script to complete the corresponding block chain function by the cloud platform according to the authorization range. The block chain function is defined by the authorization scope, and the management capability of the equipment side can be increased.
The blockchain Internet of things system based on some embodiments of the invention comprises a plurality of service ends, and the service ends correspond to different service types. By setting different service ends according to the service types, the practicability of the system can be improved.
In the system of the invention, the system comprises a cloud CA unit and a service end, wherein the cloud CA unit is connected with the service end in an authentication way, and the cloud CA unit comprises: the block chain consensus mechanism specifies that: the information on the chain must include a certificate issued by the cloud CA unit; the block chain script can be executed; the blockchain script may be validated. Through a specific consensus mechanism, the realization of the functions of authentication and block chain script can be facilitated.
Based on the block chain Internet of things system of some embodiments of the invention, a business CA unit carries out the following steps aiming at a business gateway: the first authorization is as follows: allowing the service gateway to use the certificate of the service CA unit; and second authorization: and respectively authorizing different service gateways. Different authorization modes are carried out on the service gateway, authorization can be carried out according to different service requirements, and therefore adaptability is improved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the blockchain functionality includes chaining, querying, and executing blockchain scripts.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for operating a block chain internet of things, which is applicable to the system described above, and includes: the block chain node is connected with the service end through the cloud CA unit in an authentication manner; the service gateway is connected with the equipment terminal through a service CA unit in an authentication way; the block chain node only provides a private interface for the service end, and the service end realizes the block chain function through the private interface.
The block chain Internet of things system provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects: the connection is executed in an authentication mode, so that the identification of the access equipment can be realized, and the management capability of the block chain on the service level can be improved through a private interface.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the connectivity of one embodiment of a blockchain Internet of things system in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for operating a blockchain internet of things according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a cloud authorization block chain node in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a cloud authorization service layer in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a specific embodiment of service data processing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The concept and technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, if an orientation description is referred to, for example, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but not for indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. If a feature is referred to as being "disposed," "secured," "connected," or "mounted" to another feature, it can be directly disposed, secured, or connected to the other feature or indirectly disposed, secured, connected, or mounted to the other feature.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, if "a number" is referred to, it means one or more, if "a plurality" is referred to, it means two or more, if "greater than", "less than" or "more than" is referred to, it is understood that the number is not included, and if "greater than", "lower" or "inner" is referred to, it is understood that the number is included. If reference is made to "first" or "second", this should be understood to distinguish between features and not to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of indicated features or to implicitly indicate the precedence of the indicated features.
Referring to fig. 1, a blockchain internet of things system in an embodiment of the present invention is shown, including:
The cloud-side platform is specifically an operation body composed of servers, and in this embodiment, is mainly used for implementing a function of a block chain and managing an object accessed to the block chain. The equipment end is various electronic and mechanical equipment, namely a terminal of the Internet of things. The service end is a node of the management equipment end, and mainly comprises a company, an electronic system, an electronic platform and the like, and the service end authenticates the equipment end to realize the management of the accessed Internet of things equipment.
The definition of the authenticated connection is that the access (i.e. the exchange of data, including the connection of the device side to the service side, and the connection of the service side to the cloud) needs to obtain a signature and a certificate. The definition of the private interface is that the operation aiming at the block chain is towards a service end instead of directly connecting with a device end, and the specific access right is defined; the method is used for improving the management capability of the terminal equipment.
Among them, the cloud platform (being the cloud) includes: the system comprises a cloud terminal root CA (proprietary authentication authority certificate issue, namely a cloud terminal CA unit) and a plurality of block chain nodes.
All the block chain nodes are authorized by the cloud root CA, and when a new block chain node is added, the cloud root CA is required to issue a certificate;
the cloud root CA provides certificate authorization for the service layer;
the block chain node point has the same main function as the traditional block chain node server, but has two differences:
in the blockchain consensus mechanism, all information on the chain must contain the root CA issuance certificate (i.e., the root CA signature can be verified);
different from the conventional block chain, the block chain link point pair of the embodiment provides a private interface only for the service layer, and the private interface can uplink data of the service end, and the service end can also obtain the block data of the same certificate through the private interface, and can also provide other services according to specific requirements.
Wherein, the service layer (i.e. the service end) includes: service CA belonging to different service platforms and service gateway.
Each service end has its own service CA, and is signed and authorized by the cloud root CA.
The service CA of each service end authorizes the service gateway to which the service CA belongs; the service end has flexibility for authorization of different services: for example, for small services, the certificate of the service CA can be directly used without authorization; therefore, the authentication process can be reduced, and the efficiency can be improved;
the service CA may issue certificates to its terminal devices simultaneously by their respective characteristics (which may be attributes such as service type).
The service gateway carries out service CA verification signature on the equipment end, if the verification is passed, the equipment is considered to be legal equipment, and if the verification is not passed, the equipment is illegal equipment; the service gateway of each service end can access the private port of the block chain node, so as to access the data belonging to the service end in the block node; the service gateway can provide corresponding block chain functions for related services, such as uplink, query, execution of block chain scripts and the like.
The equipment end: the Internet of things equipment with different service certificates.
The operation process of the block chain Internet of things system comprises the following steps:
a cloud authorization block chain node;
a cloud authorization service layer;
a service layer authorizes an equipment terminal;
the equipment end is connected with a business layer and provides an application for utilizing the block chain function;
the service layer verifies the application and forms a script;
the cloud verifies the script and executes the script to implement the blockchain function.
The block chain Internet of things system provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects: the connection is executed in an authentication mode, so that the identification of the access equipment can be realized, and the management capability of the block chain on the service level can be improved through a private interface.
According to the blockchain Internet of things system based on some embodiments of the invention, a key pair is generated by blockchain link points, and a cloud CA unit signs and issues a certificate to a public key so as to complete cloud authorization; and carrying out information synchronization on the block chain nodes which finish cloud authorization and other authorized block chain nodes. By completing the signing and certificate issuance, the management capacity for the blockchain nodes can be increased.
Based on the blockchain Internet of things system of some embodiments of the invention, the business CA unit generates a key pair, and the cloud CA unit signs and issues a certificate to the public key to complete cloud authorization. By completing the signing and certificate issuance, the management capabilities for the business layer can be increased.
In the blockchain Internet of things system based on some embodiments of the invention, a device end outputs a service request; the service gateway generates a corresponding block chain script according to the service request; and allowing the block chain script to complete the corresponding block chain function by the cloud platform according to the authorization range. The block chain function is defined by the authorization scope, and the management capability of the equipment side can be increased.
The blockchain Internet of things system based on some embodiments of the invention comprises a plurality of service ends, and the service ends correspond to different service types. By setting different service ends according to the service types, the practicability of the system can be improved.
In the system of the invention, the system comprises a cloud CA unit and a service end, wherein the cloud CA unit is connected with the service end in an authentication way, and the cloud CA unit comprises: the block chain consensus mechanism specifies that: the information on the chain must include a certificate issued by the cloud CA unit; the block chain script can be executed; the blockchain script may be validated. Through a specific consensus mechanism, the realization of the functions of authentication and block chain script can be facilitated.
The block consensus, i.e. the protocol corresponding to the blockchain, is the consensus regarding the linkable chain of transactions (actually blockchain scripts) in the block in the conventional blockchain: 1. the script can be executed successfully; 2. and the script may pass the checkmark. In this embodiment, the consensus of "transaction entries" (actually blockchain scripts) in a block will be increased on the original basis:
3. the script is provided with a correct service certificate (a service certificate issued by a root CA);
4. the certificate of the service end to which the script belongs is legal, and the script operation authority is legal (the accessed block data has the access authority). When the above conditions are satisfied, it can be used as a valid block entry.
Based on the block chain Internet of things system of some embodiments of the invention, a business CA unit carries out the following steps aiming at a business gateway: the first authorization is as follows: allowing the service gateway to use the certificate of the service CA unit; and second authorization: and respectively authorizing different service gateways. Different authorization modes are carried out on the service gateway, authorization can be carried out according to different service requirements, and therefore adaptability is improved.
Wherein, the service end (namely a service CA unit) authorizes the service gateway, namely authorizes the corresponding service gateway according to the requirement of the service; that is, not all service gateways can be authorized at the same service end.
Specific authorization enforcement principles may include:
when the service is small enough, the service certificate issued by the root CA can be directly used;
if the traffic is relatively large, the traffic CA may issue different certificates to different traffic gateways.
The above-mentioned traffic size specifically refers to the size of traffic. For example: if the application amount of the service gateway for executing the service A is smaller in a period of time, the service gateway can be allowed to use a service certificate issued by a root CA;
correspondingly, if the application amount of the service gateway for executing the service A in a period of time is large, different certificates need to be issued to reasonably distinguish different services.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the blockchain functionality includes chaining, querying, and executing blockchain scripts.
Before the internet of things equipment corresponding to the service end is used, for example, when the equipment leaves a factory, the service end issues a certificate to the internet of things equipment. The specific issuance of certificates is similar to the authorization process described above.
The device with the authorization certificate is enabled in the network, and after the service gateway verifies that the certificate is valid (the certificate passes), the device can be allowed to perform service interaction with the service gateway.
The method for operating the block chain internet of things as shown in fig. 2 is applicable to the system, and includes:
s1, the block chain link points are connected with the service end through the cloud CA unit in an authentication manner;
s2, the service gateway is connected with the equipment terminal through the service CA unit;
and S3, the block chain link point only provides a private interface for the service end, and the service end realizes the block chain function through the private interface.
Example 2.
The purpose of this embodiment is to further describe the specific authentication flow and the operation flow of the system.
The process of cloud authorization block chain nodes (hereinafter referred to as nodes) shown in fig. 3:
s01, generating a key pair by the node, and submitting the public key to a cloud root CA;
s02, the cloud root CA judges whether the node is authorized according to the requirement (external factors), if the node is not authorized, the operation is finished, otherwise, S03 is executed;
s03, when the node is authorized, signing the public key and issuing a certificate;
s04, the node starts block data synchronization with other authorized nodes using the certificate.
The process of the cloud authorization service layer shown in fig. 4:
s11, the business end CA generates a key pair and submits the public key to the cloud root CA;
s12, the cloud root CA judges whether the business end CA is authorized according to the requirement (external factors);
s13, when the service end CA is not authorized, ending;
and S14, when the service end CA is authorized, signing the public key and issuing a certificate.
The corresponding flow of the service data processing shown in fig. 5 includes:
s20, the device side packs the service data, attaches the device certificate, signs and sends the service data;
s21, verifying the equipment certificate and the signature of the equipment by the service terminal, finishing the verification if the verification fails, or executing S23;
s23, the service gateway generates a corresponding block chain script according to the service requirement, attaches a certificate of the service gateway/CA, signs and sends the certificate to a private interface of the cloud;
s24, verifying the certificate of the service gateway/CA and the signature of the service end by the cloud, finishing verification if the verification fails, or executing S25;
s25, the cloud checks whether the authority of the block chain script exceeds the authorized range, if so, the block chain script is not executed, otherwise, the block chain script is executed S26;
and S26, the cloud end completes the function (uplink) of the block chain according to the script.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Claims (6)
1. A block chain Internet of things system is characterized by comprising:
a cloud platform comprising: cloud CA units and block link points;
a service end, comprising: a service CA unit and a service gateway;
an equipment end;
the block chain node is connected with the service end in an authentication way through the cloud CA unit;
the service gateway is connected with the equipment terminal through the service CA unit in an authentication way;
the block chain node only provides a private interface for the service end, and the service end realizes a block chain function through the private interface;
the block chain nodes generate key pairs and submit public keys to the cloud CA unit, the cloud CA unit signs the public keys submitted by the block chain link points and issues certificates to complete cloud authorization, and the block chain link points completing the cloud authorization and other authorized block chain nodes perform block data synchronization;
the business CA unit generates a key pair and submits a public key to the cloud CA unit, and the cloud CA unit signs the public key submitted by the business CA unit and issues a certificate to complete cloud authorization;
the device end outputs a service request, the service gateway generates a corresponding block chain script according to the service request, attaches a certificate and a signature of the service gateway or the service CA unit, and sends the certificate and the signature to the private interface of the cloud platform, and the cloud platform verifies the certificate and the signature of the service gateway or the service CA unit, and allows the block chain script to complete a corresponding block chain function according to an authorization range.
2. The blockchain internet of things system of claim 1, comprising a plurality of service terminals, wherein the service terminals correspond to different service types.
3. The blockchain internet of things system of claim 1, wherein the blockchain node is connected with the service end through the cloud CA unit by authentication, comprising:
the block chain consensus mechanism specifies that:
the information on the chain must include a certificate issued by the cloud CA unit;
the block chain script can be executed;
the blockchain script may be validated.
4. The blockchain internet of things system of claim 1, wherein the service CA unit performs, for the service gateway:
the first authorization is as follows: allowing the service gateway to use the certificate of the service CA unit;
and second authorization: and respectively authorizing different service gateways.
5. The blockchain internet of things system of claim 1, wherein the blockchain functions include uplink, query and execute blockchain scripts.
6. The method for operating the block chain Internet of things is applicable to the system of any one of claims 1 to 5, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the block chain node is connected with the service end through the cloud CA unit in an authentication manner;
the service gateway is connected with the equipment terminal through a service CA unit in an authentication way;
the block chain node only provides a private interface for the service end, and the service end realizes the block chain function through the private interface.
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