CN111478734B - Low intermediate frequency photon broadband radio frequency receiving method based on K-K detection - Google Patents
Low intermediate frequency photon broadband radio frequency receiving method based on K-K detection Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low intermediate frequency photon broadband radio frequency receiving method based on K-K detection, and relates to the technical field of optical communication and microwave. The method is shown in the attached figure and comprises a laser LD, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA1, a polarization controller PC, a double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DPMZM, a signal generator SG, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA2, an optical filter OF, a photoelectric detector PD, an analog-to-digital converter ADC and a digital signal processor DSP. The method comprises the steps of using DPMZM to respectively perform carrier double sideband suppression modulation on broadband high-frequency radio-frequency signals and high-frequency local oscillation signals, using a DSP to eliminate beat frequency interference among signals generated by direct detection by using a K-K detection algorithm, namely a Kramer-Crangoni detection algorithm after direct detection is performed by a single PD, enabling the broadband high-frequency radio-frequency signals to be converted to lower intermediate frequency, and recovering useful signals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical communication and microwave, in particular to microwave signal photonic broadband signal frequency conversion in the optical communication technology.
Background
Compared with the traditional radio frequency technology, the microwave photon radio frequency receiver has the characteristics of low loss, large bandwidth, electromagnetic interference resistance and the like, and is gradually applied and developed, such as the fields of broadband wireless communication, electronic countermeasure and the like.
An important part of a radio frequency receiver is down conversion, which produces an intermediate frequency signal at a lower frequency by mixing a high frequency radio frequency signal with a high frequency local oscillator signal, which can then be sampled using a lower rate analog-to-digital converter. The microwave photonic radio frequency receiver is generally implemented by: the high-frequency radio frequency signal and the high-frequency local oscillation signal are respectively modulated to optical carriers in a series or parallel connection mode, and after processing, the signals are subjected to frequency mixing through square rate detection of a photoelectric detector to generate low and medium frequency signals.
However, because a processing mode of direct detection by a single photodetector is adopted, beat frequency interference between signals is generated by a frequency difference between a broadband high-frequency radio-frequency signal and a high-frequency local oscillator signal, and in order to avoid the influence of beat frequency interference between signals, the frequency difference between the high-frequency radio-frequency signal and the high-frequency local oscillator signal should be larger than the bandwidth of the broadband high-frequency radio-frequency signal, so that the bandwidth of the intermediate-frequency signal after down-conversion is increased, the requirements on the photodetector, the analog-to-digital converter and the digital signal processor are increased, and the cost of the system is increased.
The traditional photon radio frequency receiver also solves the problem of beat frequency interference among signals caused by direct detection in a coherent orthogonal detection mode, and modulated radio frequency optical signals and modulated local oscillator optical signals are respectively input into an optical coherent receiver consisting of a 90-degree optical hybrid coupler and a balanced photoelectric detector so as to eliminate the beat frequency interference among the signals. However, this increases the complexity of the overall system. Or the 90-degree optical hybrid coupler can be replaced by a polarization controller and a polarization beam splitter to realize orthogonal mixing, but the stability of the system is greatly reduced because the polarization of light is very sensitive to external vibration. In addition, there is a problem of matching the lengths of the multiple paths in the multiple-path mode, which also increases the complexity of the system.
In the scheme of the self-coherent detection adopting the K-K detection, namely the Kramer-Crangure algorithm, the optical carrier is subjected to carrier-restraining single-sideband modulation through a high-frequency radio frequency signal and a high-frequency local oscillator signal, and the beat frequency interference among signals can also be eliminated, but the single-sideband modulation needs to carry out orthogonal processing on the radio frequency signal, which depends on the frequency of the radio frequency signal and has difficulty in the orthogonal processing of a broadband signal, thereby influencing the working frequency range of a system and the bandwidth of a receiver.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a low intermediate frequency photon broadband radio frequency receiving method based on K-K detection. The method uses a double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DPMZM), an upper sub-modulator and a lower sub-modulator work at a minimum point, carrier-suppression double-sideband modulation is respectively carried out on radio frequency signals and local oscillation signals, the main bias voltage of the DPMZM works at the minimum point, direct detection is carried out through a single PD, the signals are processed by adopting a K-K detection algorithm after passing through an analog-to-digital converter, interference generated by beat frequency between the signals can be eliminated through the scheme, and the intermediate frequency after frequency conversion can be made to be lower.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the device comprises a laser LD, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA1, a polarization controller PC, a double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DPMZM, a signal generator SG, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA2, an optical filter OF, a photoelectric detector PD, an analog-to-digital converter ADC and a digital signal processor DSP; the output port OF LD is connected with the input end OF EDFA1, the output end OF EDFA1 is connected with the input end OF PC, adjusting PC to reduce polarization related loss, the output end OF PC is connected with the input end OF DPMZM, high frequency radio frequency signal is loaded on the upper sub MZM OF DPMZM, the upper bias is biased at the minimum point, the high frequency radio frequency signal is subjected to suppression carrier double sideband modulation, the high frequency local oscillation signal is loaded on the lower sub MZM OF DPMZM, the lower bias is biased at the minimum point, the high frequency local oscillation signal is subjected to suppression carrier double sideband modulation, the main bias OF DPMZM is biased at the minimum point, the output end OF DPMZM is connected with the input end OF EDFA2, the output end OF EDFA2 is connected with the input end OF OF, the output end OF MZ is connected with the input end OF PD, the output end OF PD is connected with ADC, the input into DSP after ADC analog-to perform processing through K detection algorithm, interference generated by beat frequency among signals is eliminated, and useful signals are recovered.
The DPMZM comprises three sub MZM structures, an optical signal input to the DP-MZM is divided into two paths with equal power at a Y branch of the main MZM and is respectively injected into two X-MZM and Y-MZM modulators which are parallel up and down, one arm of the main MZM is further provided with a modulation electrode, and direct current bias can be loaded.
The X-MZM and the Y-MZM have the same structure and performance, and are provided with independent radio frequency ports and independent direct current bias ports.
The optical filter is a large-bandwidth band-pass filter and aims to filter out the out-of-band amplified spontaneous emission noise generated by the EDFA.
The invention comprises the following steps during working:
(1) the light waves emitted by the LD are amplified by the EDFA and then input into the DPMZM;
(2) the broadband high-frequency radio frequency signal and the high-frequency local oscillator signal are respectively accessed into an upper sub MZM and a lower sub MZM of the DPMZM, the upper sub MZM and the lower sub MZM are biased at a minimum point, carrier-restraining double-sideband modulation is carried out on the broadband radio frequency signal and the local oscillator signal, and in order to use K-K detection processing, a main MZM is biased at the minimum point;
(3) the modulation optical signal output from the DPMZM is amplified by the EDFA and then input into the optical filter, the bandwidth of the optical filter is large, the out-of-band amplified spontaneous emission noise generated by the EDFA is mainly filtered, and then the modulated optical signal is input into the photoelectric detector with low bandwidth for beat frequency, so that a low-frequency electrical signal with signal interference is obtained;
(4) the low-frequency electric signal generated by beat frequency is converted into digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter, then is input into DSP, and is processed by adopting K-K detection, thereby eliminating beat frequency interference among signals and recovering useful signals.
The invention provides a low intermediate frequency photon broadband radio frequency receiving method based on K-K detection, the scheme adopts simple carrier-restraining double-sideband modulation to high-frequency radio frequency signals and high-frequency local oscillation signals, only uses a single PD direct detection mode, can eliminate beat frequency interference among the signals and completely recover useful signals by adopting K-K detection processing in a digital domain, has simple structure, and greatly reduces the complexity and the cost of a receiver system.
The scheme can eliminate low-frequency interference generated by beat frequency between the broadband high-frequency radio-frequency signal and the high-frequency local oscillator signal, can enable the frequency of the high-frequency local oscillator signal to be close to that of the broadband high-frequency radio-frequency signal, realizes frequency conversion of the broadband high-frequency radio-frequency signal to a lower intermediate frequency, and recovers a useful signal.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a low intermediate frequency photon broadband radio frequency receiving method based on K-K detection according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a spectrum diagram containing a radio frequency signal and a local oscillator signal after being modulated by the DPMZM.
Fig. 3 is a power spectrum of an intermediate frequency signal with and without K-K detection processing.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the variation of the error vector magnitude EVM with the normalized intermediate frequency at the intermediate frequency normalized by half the signal bandwidth, with and without the K-K detection processing, and the local oscillator power and the radio frequency power are respectively 13dBm and 3dBm during the test.
Fig. 5 shows the variation of the error vector magnitude EVM with the input radio frequency signal power, with and without K-K detection processing, respectively, with a local oscillator power of 13dBm during testing.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: the present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation flow are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment includes: the device comprises a laser LD, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA1, a polarization controller PC, a vector signal generator VSG, a radio frequency signal source SG, a double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DPMZM, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA2, a polarization controller PC, an optical filter OF, a photoelectric detector PD, an analog-to-digital converter ADC and a digital signal processor DSP. The optical wave emitted by a laser enters a PC after being amplified by an EDFA, the optical wave enters a DPMZM after polarization related loss is reduced by the PC, optical carriers input to an upper sub MZM and a lower sub MZM respectively adopt suppression carrier double-sideband modulation on a broadband high-frequency radio frequency signal and a high-frequency local oscillation signal, the main bias point OF the DPMZM is adjusted to be a minimum point, an output modulated optical signal is input to an OF after being amplified by the EDFA to filter out-OF-band amplified spontaneous emission noise, then the output modulated optical signal is input to a PD for beat frequency, an electric signal generated by the beat frequency is input to a DSP after being sampled by an ADC, and the beat frequency interference among the signals can be eliminated by utilizing a K-K detection algorithm, and useful signals can be recovered.
In this example, the method is implemented by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the devices are connected according to a schematic diagram, the output optical power of the laser is about 8dBm (1550nm), and the output optical power of the laser is about 18.5dBm after being amplified by an EDFA1, and at the moment, the optical signal output by the laser can be represented as:
wherein, PinAnd ωcThe power and angular frequency of the optical carrier.
Step two: the high-frequency local oscillator signal and the broadband high-frequency radio frequency signal input into the DPMZM are respectively expressed as Elo(t)＝ELOcosωlt，Erf(t)＝Es(t)cosωrt, wherein ELOIs the amplitude of the high-frequency local oscillator signal, Es(t) is the complex envelope, ω, of the broadband high-frequency radio-frequency signallAnd ωrThe angular frequencies of the high-frequency local oscillator signal and the broadband high-frequency radio frequency signal are respectively. The frequency of a radio frequency signal adopted in the example is 26GHz, a useful signal carried by the radio frequency signal is a 16QAM signal generated by a vector signal generator, the symbol rate is 100MBaud, a baseband pulse is shaped by a raised cosine filter pulse with a roll-off coefficient of 0.2 to obtain a signal with the bandwidth of 120MHz, and the power of a broadband high-frequency radio frequency signal is 3 dBm; the frequency of the high-frequency local oscillation signal is 25.94GHz, the power is 13dBm, two sub MZMs in the DPMZM work at the minimum point, the carrier suppression double sideband modulation is adopted, and the output can be expressed as:
wherein
Is the phase change caused by the main bias point.
Step three: the modulated optical signal is input to an EDFA2 for amplification, an EDFA2 works in an automatic gain control mode, the output optical power is constant at 8.5dBm, out-OF-band amplified spontaneous emission noise generated by the amplifier is removed through OF filtering, the amplified spontaneous emission noise is input to a low-speed PD for beat frequency, the responsivity OF the PD is 1.09A/W, and the photoelectric current coefficient OF the beat frequency-removed electric signal can be expressed as: :
where Re () represents the real part of the complex signal, it can be seen from the above equation that the photocurrent after PD beat frequency includes: direct current, beat frequency interference among signals, signals down-converted to intermediate frequency, and high-order components and intermodulation components of high-frequency local oscillation and high-frequency radio frequency signals. Since a low-rate PD is used, higher-order frequency components can be suppressed and thus can be expressed as:
when the minimum phase condition is met, the PD output is input into the DSP after being sampled by the ADC, and can be processed by using a K-K detection algorithm, and the down-converted broadband radio-frequency signal can be completely recovered by the following formula:
wherein p.v. represents a cauchy principal value. The down-converted broadband radio frequency signal is sampled and digitized by a digital oscilloscope, a low-pass filter is introduced into the digital oscilloscope to filter unnecessary interference outside the signal bandwidth, and then the DSP is adopted for processing. And obtaining a baseband signal in the DSP after re-up-sampling, K-K detection for eliminating beat noise, direct current elimination, digital orthogonal down-conversion, matched filtering, time synchronization, down-sampling and phase judgment, and then performing symbol judgment and calculating the error vector magnitude EVM. Fig. 3 is a power spectrum of an intermediate frequency signal with and without K-K detection processing, where the bandwidth of the useful signal and the low-frequency interference generated by beat frequency are both 120MHz, the center frequency of the useful signal changed to the intermediate frequency is 180MHz, and the center frequency of the low-frequency interference generated by beat frequency is 60MHz, and it can be seen in fig. 3 that the low-frequency interference generated by beat frequency is higher when K-K detection is not used, after K-K detection is used, the low-frequency interference generated by beat frequency is greatly suppressed, and the error vector magnitude EVM after K-K detection is used is not decreased, which indicates that the use of K-K detection does not affect the quality of the useful signal.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the variation of error vector magnitude EVM with normalized intermediate frequency at an intermediate frequency normalized by half of the signal bandwidth, and without K-K detection, before K-K detection is used, when a broadband high-frequency RF signal is converted to a lower local oscillator, i.e., the frequency of the high-frequency RF signal is close to that of a high-frequency local oscillator signal, demodulation of a low-frequency useful signal is affected due to the low-frequency interference generated by beat frequency between signals, so that in a low-frequency stage, the error vector magnitude is smaller, after K-K detection is used, it can be seen that when the broadband RF signal is converted to the low-frequency local oscillator, the error vector magnitude is higher, which shows that the K-K detection can eliminate the low-frequency interference generated by beat frequency, so that the method can use the high-frequency local oscillator signal close to the high-frequency RF signal to perform down-conversion on the signal, the high frequency radio frequency signal is converted to a lower low frequency.
In summary, the PDMZM is used to perform carrier double sideband modulation on the broadband high-frequency radio frequency signal and the high-frequency local oscillator signal, and the PDMZM is used to perform direct detection through a single PD, so that the high-frequency radio frequency signal is down-converted to a low intermediate frequency by processing through a digital domain K-K detection algorithm, beat frequency interference between signals caused by direct detection is eliminated, and the original complex signal is recovered. The method adopts simple carrier-restraining double-sideband modulation and single PD, can enable the frequency of a high-frequency local oscillator signal to be close to that of a high-frequency radio-frequency signal, and can convert the high-frequency radio-frequency signal to a lower intermediate frequency.
In summary, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many equivalent modifications and substitutions can be made on the disclosure of the present invention, and the modification of parameters such as optical wavelength, optical power, rf signal power, frequency, local oscillator signal power, frequency, amplifier amplification factor, and optical filter should be considered as the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A low intermediate frequency photon broadband radio frequency receiving method based on K-K detection comprises a laser LD, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA1, a polarization controller PC, a double parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DPMZM, a signal generator SG, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA2, an optical filter OF, a photoelectric detector PD, an analog-digital converter ADC and a digital signal processor DSP, and is characterized in that light emitted by the LD enters the PC after being amplified by the EDFA1, enters the DPMZM after being adjusted by the PC to reduce polarization correlation loss, an upper sub MZM in the DPMZM is biased at a minimum transmission point to perform suppressed carrier double sideband modulation on broadband high frequency radio frequency signals, a lower sub MZM is biased at a minimum transmission point to perform suppressed carrier double sideband modulation on high frequency local oscillation signals, a main bias OF the DPMZM is biased at a minimum transmission point, suppressed carrier double sideband modulation optical signals output by the DPMZM are amplified by the EDFA2, are filtered out OF band noise and then input to the PD, the electric signal after PD beat frequency is sampled by ADC and enters DSP to be processed by K-K detection algorithm, i.e. Kramer-Crangoni detection algorithm, so that the low-frequency interference generated by beat frequency between signals can be eliminated, a smaller frequency difference can be kept between a high-frequency local oscillator signal and a broadband high-frequency radio-frequency signal, and the broadband high-frequency radio-frequency signal can be converted to a lower intermediate frequency.
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