CN1114730A - Comb-saw toothed reciprocating grate - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a comb sawtoothed reciprocating grate, relating to the field of boiler technology. The said grate consists of coal bunker, coal gate, coal-pushing plate, movable fire grate segments, fixed fire grate segments, side sealing block, air shutter, cross beam, air chamber partition plate, head and tail hydraulic driving devices, cinder plate, cinder pit, head and tail coupling cross beams, base seat and side wall plate. It is applicable to medium-scale and small-scale power station boiler, industrial boiler, domestic boiler and industrial kiln, and features simple structure, light weight, long service life and easy and reliable operation.

Description

Comb-saw toothed reciprocating grate

Comb-saw toothed reciprocating grate of the present invention relates to the boiler technology field.Be applicable to middle-size and small-size station boiler, Industrial Boiler, boiler for domestic, industrial furnace is as a kind of fire grate device of mechanization grate firing.

At present reciprocal grate uses more have cant and two kinds of reciprocal grates of horizontal sliding, chief editors such as light by dynamical system Lee of Harbin Institute of Technology, Tianjin science and technology version society publishes, book number is that ISBN7-5308-0063-9/TK.1's " disclose several versions of reciprocal grate in the 136th～144 page of the Industrial Boiler handbook, it has some groups of movable furnace grate plates and fixed grate film to be staggered front to back each other, overlap mutually, its lap of splice is generally between 50～180mm, at lap-joint's improper ventilation, especially when using low volatile, ash is few, during the golf calorific value coal, fire grate segment in the primary zone, the fire grate segment head temperature of lap-joint is the highest, this is because reciprocating furance row is subjected to the restriction of structure, cooling raio is generally about 3～5, and because the movement characteristic of reciprocal grate is reciprocating in the original place, and fire grate segment is generally ironcasting, the head of the fire grate segment in primary zone can not get effective cooling, when temperature surpasses the burning temperature,, destroy, thereby it is short to show as the life-span then by scaling loss, the coal applicability is wideless, particularly the repair rate height.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of comb-saw toothed reciprocating grate, make it to have installation, maintenance is convenient, reliable and characteristics that steel consumption is low.

The design of comb-saw toothed reciprocating grate of the present invention is: know that by Fig. 1, Fig. 2 the present invention is by coal bunker (1), coal flashboard (2), coal-pushing plate (3), movable furnace grate plate (4), fixed grate film (5), side sealing block (6), air register (7), put beam (8), wind storehouse dividing plate (9), hydraulic pressure reciprocating transmission device (10) end to end, slag plate (11) falls, slag bucket (12), movable furnace grate plate connect crossbeam (13) end to end, and base and framed side wallboard (14) are formed.

Coal bunker (1) is arranged in the head of this reciprocal grate, store coal and carry coal, be furnished with coal flashboard (2) near coal bunker (1) rear portion, can control the thickness of falling coal seam on the grate surface, to adapt to the variation of boiler different load and coal by the height of regulating it.The structure of movable furnace grate plate (4) sees that Fig. 5,6,9,10 is by movable furnace grate plate body (15), sawtooth (16) is formed, movable furnace grate plate body (15) upper edge width is δ, generally at 4～10mm, lower edge S is than the little 2～4mm of δ, sawtooth (16) upper edge width is 2 δ, and sawtooth (16) is welded on the movable furnace grate plate body (15).The height H of movable furnace grate plate (15) is generally 10～60mm, can determine that the size of cooling raio determines the H value according to the heat-resisting degree of needs that use coal and steel grade.General 30～the 60mm of sawtooth height h, relief angle β ° greater than anterior angle α °, and β ° generally at 60 °～90 °, and α is generally at 15 °～40 °.Fixed grate film (5) is seen Fig. 7,8,9,10, and by the sawtooth identical with movable furnace grate plate (16), fixed grate film body (17) is formed.Also by being welded into integral body.Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are the drawing in side sectional elevation of comb-saw toothed reciprocating grate of the present invention.Both sides are side sealing block (6), prevent that coal from missing from two sides, form many strap saws serrate slot with stoker surface.Movable furnace grate plate (4), fixed grate film (5) each interval interlaced arrangement, the sawtooth (16) of movable furnace grate plate of both sides (4) and fixed grate film (5) is made the suitably width of adjustment sawtooth according to the structure on two sides needs, to guarantee side close (6) and sawtooth, leaves suitable gap between the side.△ 1 value is the gap, and for ventilating, △ 1 value is generally between 1～3mm.For making the gap even, fixed grate film (5) lower edge with put beam (8) and weld the location, guaranteeing the location, and maintain static.Weld mutually with connecting crossbeam (13) end to end at movable furnace grate plate (4) two ends, under hydraulic pressure reciprocating transmission device (10) acts on end to end, makes activity screening (4) can realize moving back and forth together.And the sawtooth (16) on all fixed grate films (5) forms the equidistant zigzag crossbeam in some roads together on grate surface, in like manner, sawtooth (16) on the movable furnace grate plate (4) forms some roads along with the reciprocating together zigzag crossbeam of movable furnace grate plate (4), arrange with the equidistant zigzag girder space of fixed grate film formation again, and can produce relative front-rear reciprocation movement each other, coal-pushing plate (3) is arranged in the fire grate head, weld mutually with the head of movable furnace grate plate (4), promptly form the upper surface of movable furnace grate plate top coal-pushing plate, its edge and coal bunker lower edge are close to sealing, prevent that coal from leaking outside.The slag plate (11) that falls is contained in afterbody.Reach afterbody when coal burns, lime-ash is pushed on the slag plate (11), falls into slag bucket (12).Base and framed side wallboard (14) are the basis, bottom of fire grate, support on the one hand the weight of fire grate, seal from the side on the other hand, the fire grate lower space are separated or several wind storehouses independently with wind storehouse dividing plate, realize air zoning.Control the air output in each wind storehouse by air register (7).

Movable furnace grate plate (4) and fixed grate film (5) have several possible designs in addition in cross section, sawtooth place:

As Figure 11: adopt trapezoidal special pipe b, sawtooth a forms.Figure 12: adopt flat special pipe e, sawtooth d, band steel c.Figure 13: adopt flat special pipe i, sawtooth f, band steel h metal or nonmetal high temperature resistant sawtooth g form.

The course of work of the present invention is:

Start head and the tail hydraulic transmission (10), reciprocating stroke and speed can be controlled by it, connect crossbeam (13) from beginning to end by push-and-pull, also can adopt other machine driving form to finish reciprocating motion.Make movable furnace grate plate (4) make front-rear reciprocation movement, the coal-pushing plate (3) that is welded on the movable furnace grate plate (4) is also reciprocating together, when coal falls from coal bunker (1), regulate coal seam thickness by the height of regulating coal flashboard (2), when moving back and forth when afterbody moves, coal-pushing plate (3) promotes coal to afterbody, coal is pushed α angle to the β angle end face of the stationary saw dentation crossbeam that slips over fixed grate film (5) formation, reciprocating motion is when head movement, because the β angle is bigger, steeper, coal is blocked, and slips over the α edged surface sawtooth point of the zigzag crossbeam that movable furnace grate plate (4) forms and fall β angle one side, in like manner, continue when moving back and forth constantly, coal gradually from the fire grate head to the wavy motion of afterbody, from lighting, the burning while moving is up to burning.Move to the afterbody slag plate (11) that falls at last, fall into slag bucket (12), finish burning of coal.

The effect of comb-saw toothed reciprocating grate of the present invention is the advantage that compared with prior art has:

(1) Uniform Ventilation, the gap is little, and it is few to leak coal, and boiler thermal output improves.

(2) adopting which kind of steel grade and cooling raio is to decide according to the needs that use coal, reaches good cooling results, and cost is low, and being difficult for scaling loss is principle.Because it is simple in structure, even fracture damage appears in indivedual fire grate segment in service, the fire grate segment of damage does not influence operation in the middle of being clipped in the intact fire grate segment in both sides yet, the accident of blowing out can not occur being forced to owing to the fire grate segment scaling loss, therefore fault rate is low, and the life-span long running is reliable.During maintenance the fire grate segment that burns out is taken out, adorn the new fire grate segment of burn-oning and get final product.

(3) wind storehouse independence is good, and it is few to scurry wind, can be according to the intensity size of each section burning, and the air quantity that needs air-supply has reduced excess air, reduces heat loss due to exhaust gas.

(4) coal adaptability is wide, burning I～III class bituminous coal, and anthracite, brown coal are on the industrial furnace of meager coal applicable to the mechanization burning of the grate firing boiler of 0.5～130t/h and corresponding heat.

Fig. 1 is the front view of comb-saw toothed reciprocating grate of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is M among Fig. 2-M direction cutaway view, and revolves the figure that turn 90 degrees;

Fig. 4 is N among Fig. 2-N direction cutaway view, and revolves the figure that turn 90 degrees;

Fig. 5 is a movable furnace grate plate front view among Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is the left view of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a fixed grate film front view among Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 is the left view of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is A among Fig. 6,8-A direction cutaway view;

Figure 10 is B among Fig. 6,8-B direction cutaway view;

Figure 11 is that fixed grate film and movable furnace grate plate adopt trapezoidal special pipe structure chart among Fig. 1;

Figure 12, the 13rd, fixed grate film and movable furnace grate plate adopt flat special pipe structure chart among Fig. 1;

The embodiment of comb-saw toothed reciprocating grate of the present invention is: with the steam boiler of joining evaporation capacity 2t/h is example, employing fuel is anthracite, whole grate surface width is 1200mm (width promptly between two side sealing blocks), fire grate is long to be 4000mm (being that the coal flashboard is to the slag plate end that falls), wind isolation board under the fire grate segment, be separated into five sections and carry out air zoning, fire grate segment is made by the low-alloy refractory steel plate, thickness δ=6mm, fire grate segment two side ventilation gaps are 1mm, and face thickness S=3mm sawtooth adopts the compression moulding of heat-resistant high alloy steel plate under the cross section.Sawtooth thickness 2 δ are 12mm, below it cross section wide be 6mm, and weld mutually with the fire grate segment upper surface, the maximum cooling raio of fire grate segment height H=15～30mm is 10, minimum is 5, sawtooth anterior angle α=15 ° of relief angle β=85 ° tooth depth h=30mm, and two space widths are from 280mm (being the distance between adjacent two the sawtooth peaks of moving grate and fixed grate), reciprocal every 10000kg of hydraulic transmission thrust, side sealing block adopts heat-resisting cast iron spare.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of comb-saw toothed reciprocating grate, by coal bunker, coal flashboard, coal-pushing plate.Movable furnace grate plate, fixed grate film, side sealing block, air register, put beam, wind storehouse dividing plate is hydraulic transmission end to end, slag plate falls, slag bucket, connect crossbeam end to end, base and framed side wallboard are formed, it is characterized in that movable furnace grate plate and fixed grate film are that interval interlaced with each other is arranged, fixed grate film is fixed on to be put on the beam motionlessly, forms the fixed equidistant zigzag crossbeam in some roads by the sawtooth on the fixed grate film, and movable furnace grate plate links and makes front-rear reciprocation movement together by connecting crossbeam end to end, make sawtooth on the movable furnace grate plate form the equidistant zigzag girder space that the equidistant zigzag crossbeam in some roads can be reciprocating forms with fixed grate film more together and arrange, and can produce the comb-saw toothed reciprocating grate of relative front-rear reciprocation movement each other.

2, reciprocal grate according to claim 1, its spy is that the ventilation gap between movable furnace grate plate and the fixed grate film is 1～3mm, section configuration is up big and down small.

3, comb-saw toothed reciprocating grate according to claim 1 is characterized in that the sawtooth anterior angle on movable furnace grate plate and the fixed grate film is generally 15 °～40 ° for α °, and relief angle β ° is generally 60 °～90 °.

4, according to claim 1, described comb-saw toothed reciprocating grate is characterized in that movable and fixing comb-saw toothed fire grate segment can be that bar steel plate is made, the circle of also available middle water flowing cooling, and oval, trapezoidal prismatic pipe fitting is made.

5, comb-saw toothed reciprocating grate according to claim 1, the sawtooth that it is characterized in that movable furnace grate plate and fixed grate film can be metal or inlay nonmetallic materials.

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