CN111473081A - Hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber for intelligent automobile - Google Patents
Hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber for intelligent automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN111473081A CN111473081A CN202010313828.8A CN202010313828A CN111473081A CN 111473081 A CN111473081 A CN 111473081A CN 202010313828 A CN202010313828 A CN 202010313828A CN 111473081 A CN111473081 A CN 111473081A
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- shock absorber
- piston
- piston rod
- damping
- hydraulic cylinder
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/10—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial
- F16F9/14—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect
- F16F9/16—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts
- F16F9/18—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts with a closed cylinder and a piston separating two or more working spaces therein
- F16F9/19—Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts with a closed cylinder and a piston separating two or more working spaces therein with a single cylinder and of single-tube type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
- F16F9/3214—Constructional features of pistons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/3207—Constructional features
- F16F9/3221—Constructional features of piston rods
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/34—Special valve constructions; Shape or construction of throttling passages
- F16F9/3405—Throttling passages in or on piston body, e.g. slots
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/36—Special sealings, including sealings or guides for piston-rods
- F16F9/366—Special sealings, including sealings or guides for piston-rods functioning as guide only, e.g. bushings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/32—Details
- F16F9/50—Special means providing automatic damping adjustment, i.e. self-adjustment of damping by particular sliding movements of a valve element, other than flexions or displacement of valve discs; Special means providing self-adjustment of spring characteristics
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2222/00—Special physical effects, e.g. nature of damping effects
- F16F2222/12—Fluid damping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2228/00—Functional characteristics, e.g. variability, frequency-dependence
- F16F2228/06—Stiffness
- F16F2228/066—Variable stiffness
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber for an automobile, which is characterized in that part of the structure of the hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber is improved on the basis of the hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber commonly adopted by the existing automobile suspension system, a relevant sensing unit and a transmission and adjustment mechanism are arranged in the hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber, a micro pulse controlled servo motor and a required input and output signal interface are arranged outside the hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber, the functions of measuring the telescopic stroke and the telescopic frequency of the shock absorber and outputting information are realized through the arrangement, and meanwhile, the self damping characteristic of the shock absorber can be adjusted under the instruction of an external control program. The intelligent shock absorber can accurately sense the vibration state of a vehicle in running in real time, and provides the optimal suspension damping characteristic by changing the damping characteristic of the suspension shock absorber according to the preset program of the control system, thereby ensuring the most comfortable ride comfort of the vehicle and meeting the intelligent control requirement of a vehicle suspension system.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile intellectualization, and particularly relates to an intelligent hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber for an automobile.
[ background of the invention ]
With the rapid development of automobile technology and highways, the requirements for safety, comfort and economy of automobile operation are increasingly urgent. The traditional automobile suspension system is limited by the structure and is difficult to better meet the ever-increasing requirement of smoothness performance of vehicle users. In recent years, the rapid development of intelligent technologies based on electronic components provides a new idea for improving the performance of the conventional automobile suspension system. The intelligent vibration absorber has the advantages that the traditional suspension is modified by adopting an advanced intelligent technology, the vibration state of the vehicle suspension is sensed in time, the rigidity of an elastic element of the suspension system and the damping characteristic of the vibration absorber are adjusted in real time, the vehicle suspension system is ensured to be in the optimal jumping and vibration attenuation state all the time, the safer and smoother intelligent control of the suspension of a vehicle becomes an important field of the intelligent control development of the vehicle, and in the process, the development of the intelligent vibration absorber with the vibration characteristic sensing and damping characteristic adjusting functions of the suspension system in real time according to the suspension control requirements has important significance.
During the running of the vehicle, the suspension system is bounced due to the impact from the road surface, the elastic elements (various springs) generate compression and expansion strokes, the shock absorber is synchronously compressed and expanded, and in the process, the friction of liquid in the shock absorber when the liquid flows through the damping hole on the piston and the viscous friction of the liquid form vibration resistance, so that the vibration energy is converted into heat energy and is emitted to the ambient air, and the aim of quickly attenuating the vibration is fulfilled. Since the conditions of the automobile and the running road cannot be constant, and the damping characteristics of the conventional shock absorber are constant, optimal configuration which cannot be performed on vehicles in different conditions (such as empty and full load) and even different running states of the same vehicle cannot be achieved, and the optimal shock absorption effect cannot be achieved.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber for an intelligent automobile; the technical problems that the vibration state of a vehicle suspension can be sensed in time, the rigidity of an elastic element of the suspension system and the damping characteristic of a shock absorber are adjusted in real time, and the vehicle suspension system is always in the optimal jumping and vibration reduction state are solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
the intelligent hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber for the automobile comprises a working cylinder and a piston rod, wherein the upper end in the working cylinder is filled with a guide mechanism, and the lower end in the working cylinder is fixedly provided with a piston; the upper end of the piston rod is connected with a miniature direct current servo motor after penetrating through the guide mechanism; the lower end of the piston rod is inserted into the piston and is connected with a damping adjusting sheet;
the piston is provided with a plurality of damping holes penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface, the damping adjusting sheet is provided with a plurality of damping adjusting holes, and the distance from the long axis of each damping adjusting hole to the axis of the piston rod is equal to the distance from the center of each damping hole to the axis of the piston rod;
a permanent magnet material circular ring is fixedly arranged inside the guide mechanism and arranged around the piston rod; the piston rod is internally provided with a signal unit around its axis.
The invention is further improved in that:
preferably, the piston rod is provided with a transmission shaft along the axis thereof, the upper end of the transmission shaft is connected with the micro direct current servo motor, and the lower end of the transmission shaft is connected with the damping adjusting sheet.
Preferably, an inner layer structure is arranged between the movable transmission shaft and the signal unit; and bearing sealing structures are arranged at two ends of the piston rod around the transmission shaft.
Preferably, the outer part of the active signal unit is the outer wall of the piston rod, and the two ends of the signal unit are provided with the packaging materials.
Preferably, the radius of each orifice is different.
Preferably, each damping adjustment orifice has a different cross-sectional area.
Preferably, the signal unit is a reed switch or a waveguide wire.
Preferably, the upper end of the working cylinder is buckled with a dust cover, the upper end of the dust cover is connected with an upper connecting sleeve, and the miniature direct current servo motor is arranged in the upper connecting sleeve; the lower end of the working cylinder is connected with a lower connecting sleeve.
Preferably, the piston comprises an upper piston part and a lower piston part, and the damping adjusting sheet is arranged between the two parts; the piston rod is fixedly connected with the upper part of the piston through a piston connecting nut.
Preferably, the micro direct current servo motor is connected with an input and output signal interface, and the signal unit is connected with a signal output lead.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses an intelligent hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber for an automobile, which is characterized in that part of the structure of the hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber is improved on the basis of the hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber commonly adopted by the existing automobile suspension system, a relevant sensing unit and a transmission and adjustment mechanism are arranged in the hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber, a micro pulse controlled servo motor and a required input and output signal interface are arranged outside the hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber, the functions of measuring the telescopic stroke and the telescopic frequency of the shock absorber and outputting information are realized through the arrangement, and meanwhile, the self damping characteristic of the shock absorber can be adjusted under the instruction of an external control program. The intelligent shock absorber can accurately sense the vibration state of a vehicle in running in real time, and provides the optimal suspension damping characteristic by changing the damping characteristic of the suspension shock absorber according to the preset program of the control system, thereby ensuring the most comfortable ride comfort of the vehicle and meeting the intelligent control requirement of a vehicle suspension system.
Furthermore, the two ends of the transmission rod inside the piston rod are connected with the miniature direct-current servo motor and the damping adjusting sheet, so that when the motor drives the transmission rod to rotate, the motor can drive the damping adjusting sheet to rotate, and the area of the damping hole blocked by the damping adjusting sheet is adjusted.
Furthermore, a signal unit is arranged between the inner layer structure and the outer wall of the piston rod, so that current pulse and a magnetic field are generated, the transmission rod can rotate relative to the piston rod through the bearing sealing structures at the two ends, the sealing effect is achieved, and damping liquid is prevented from entering the interior of the piston rod.
Furthermore, the packaging materials on two sides of the signal unit can play a role in sealing.
Furthermore, the areas of different damping holes are different, and the areas of different damping adjusting holes are different, so that the piston mechanism has different effective working areas along with the rotation of the damping adjusting sheet.
Furthermore, the signal unit can be a reed switch or a waveguide wire, and the reed switch is low in measurement precision, low in cost, mature and reliable; the waveguide wire has high precision but higher cost, and which signal unit is selected is determined by actual requirements.
Furthermore, the upper end of the working cylinder is buckled with a dust cover for preventing dust from falling into the working cylinder, the upper part of the dust cover is connected with an upper connecting sleeve, the lower end of the working cylinder is connected with a lower connecting sleeve, the upper connecting sleeve is used for being connected with a vehicle frame, and the lower connecting sleeve is used for being connected with a vehicle axle.
Further, the piston is designed into two parts, the upper part and the lower part are connected into a whole through a threaded structure, the piston of the upper half part is connected with the piston rod, and the piston of the lower half part mainly plays a role in sealing and protecting.
Furthermore, the whole vibration damper realizes signal transmission through an input/output signal interface and a signal output wire.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an intelligent hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the piston rod structure of the intelligent hydraulic barrel shock absorber of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a piston of the intelligent hydraulic barrel damper;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a damping adjustment sheet surface of the intelligent hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber;
wherein: in the figure, 1-an upper connecting sleeve, 2-a miniature direct current servo motor, 3-a guide mechanism, 4-a permanent magnet material ring, 5-a dustproof cover, 6-a piston rod, 7-a working cylinder, 8-a first gasket, 9-an upper part of a piston, 10-a second gasket, 11-a piston connecting nut, 12-a damping adjusting sheet, 13-a transmission shaft, 14-a lower part of the piston, 15-a transmission shaft locking nut and 16-a lower connecting sleeve; 17-bearing sealing structure, 18-outer layer structure, 19-signal unit, 20-inner layer structure; 21-a cavity; 22-a damping orifice; 23-a connection hole; 24-mounting holes; 25-a damping adjustment aperture; 26-a through hole; 27-encapsulating material; 28-signal output conductors; 29-input output signal interface; 7-1-upper part; 7-2-lower part.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; furthermore, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and encompass, for example, both fixed and removable connections; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The invention provides an advanced intelligent shock absorber for an automobile, which aims to realize real-time measurement and output of stroke and frequency of a hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber used by a vehicle suspension along with vibration of the suspension, and can realize adjustment of damping characteristics of the shock absorber under the instruction of an external suspension system (or a whole automobile) control program, so as to meet the requirement of intelligent control of the vehicle suspension system. The hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber used by the conventional automobile suspension is taken as a basis, partial structure of the hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber is improved, a related sensing unit and a transmission and adjustment mechanism are arranged in the hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber, a micro pulse controlled servo motor and a required input and output signal interface are arranged outside the hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber, the functions of measuring the telescopic stroke and the telescopic frequency of the shock absorber and outputting information are realized through the arrangement, and meanwhile, the self damping characteristic of the shock absorber can be adjusted under the instruction of an external control program.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the damping device specifically includes an upper connection sleeve 1, a micro dc servo motor 2, a guide mechanism 3, a permanent magnet material ring 4, a dust cover 5, a piston rod 6, a working cylinder 7, a first gasket 8, an upper piston part 9, a second gasket 10, a piston connection nut 11, a damping adjustment sheet 12, a transmission shaft 13, a lower piston part 14, a transmission shaft locking nut 15, a lower connection sleeve 16, a bearing sealing structure 17, an outer layer structure 18, a signal unit (a clarinet or a waveguide structure) 19, an inner layer structure 20, a cavity 21, a damping hole 22, a connection hole 23, a mounting hole 24, a damping adjustment hole 25, a through hole 26, a packaging material 27, a signal output lead 28 and an input/output signal interface 29.
Referring to fig. 1, the main structure of the shock absorber includes a working cylinder 7, the working cylinder 7 is divided into an upper portion 7-1 and a lower portion 7-2 according to different cross-sectional diameters thereof, the length of the lower portion 7-2 is longer than that of the upper portion 7-1, the cross-sectional diameter of the lower portion 7-2 is larger than that of the upper portion 7-1, a piston is disposed inside the lower portion 7-2, the piston includes a piston upper portion 9 and a piston lower portion 14, a damping adjusting piece 12 is disposed between the piston upper portion 9 and the piston lower portion 14, the damping adjusting piece 12 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the piston rod 6, a groove is disposed on the lower surface of the piston upper portion 9 at the central portion thereof, a groove is disposed on the upper surface of the piston lower portion 14 at the central portion thereof, and the; the main body part of the piston rod 6 is arranged in the working cylinder 7, the upper end of the piston rod 6 penetrates through the guide mechanism 3 and protrudes out of the upper end surface of the working cylinder 7, the upper end of the piston rod 6 is fixedly connected with a micro direct current servo motor 2, the lower end of the piston rod 6 penetrates through the upper piston part 9 and is inserted into the cavity 21, the lower end of the piston rod 6 is matched with a connecting nut 11, so that the piston rod 6 is fixedly connected with the upper piston part 9, and a second gasket 10 is arranged between the connecting nut 11 and the upper piston part 9.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the upper piston part 9 is provided at a central portion thereof with a connection hole 23, the lower portion of the piston rod 6 is inserted into the cavity 21 through the connection hole 23, the piston is provided with a plurality of damping holes 22 penetrating the upper piston part 9 and the lower piston part 14, and all the damping holes 22 are disposed around the connection hole 23; the damping holes 22 are different in size, the damping holes 22 are circular, and the radius of the damping holes 22 is gradually increased or gradually reduced along the arrangement direction of the damping holes 22, so that the adding or withdrawing of the damping holes accords with the characteristics of a specific shock absorber in the working process of the piston, the working effective working area of the piston is smoothly changed, and large impact cannot be generated. Preferably, the damping holes 22 are provided in 8; a damping adjusting sheet 12 is fixedly arranged between the upper piston part 9 and the lower piston part 14, a mounting hole 24 for fixedly connecting the piston rod 6 is formed in the center of the damping adjusting sheet 12, a plurality of damping adjusting holes 25 are formed in the damping adjusting sheet 12 around the mounting hole 24, preferably, four damping adjusting holes 25 are formed, the damping adjusting holes 25 are of irregular oval structures, the axis of each damping adjusting hole 25 along the length direction is set to be a long axis, the long axis of each damping adjusting hole 25 is along the circumferential direction of the damping adjusting sheet 12, and the circular radius of one end of each damping adjusting hole 25 is larger than that of the other end of each damping adjusting hole 25. The distances between the long axes of the several damping adjusting holes 25 and the center of the damping adjusting sheet 12 are equal. The lower end of the piston rod 6 is fixedly connected with the damping adjusting sheet 12.
The piston and the piston rod 6 are coaxial, the axis passes through the center of the damping adjusting sheet 12, the distance from the center of the damping hole 22 to the axis of the upper part 9 of the piston is a, the distance between the long axis of the damping adjusting hole 25 and the center of the damping adjusting sheet 12 is a, the diameter of the damping hole 22 is determined by the diameter of the working cylinder of the shock absorber, and the diameter of the damping adjusting hole 25 is determined by the output mode to be met by the shock absorber.
A first washer 8 is arranged on the upper piston part 9, said first washer 8 being arranged around the piston rod 6. The area of the first pad 8 is larger than the area of the second pad 10.
A guide mechanism 3 is filled in an upper part 7-1 of the working cylinder 7, a permanent magnet material circular ring 4 is fixedly arranged in the lower part of the guide mechanism 3, and the permanent magnet material circular ring 4 is arranged around a piston rod 6; a dust cover 3 is reversely buckled on the outer part of the upper part of the working cylinder 7, the upper part of the dust cover 3 is fixedly connected with an upper connecting sleeve 1, a miniature direct-current servo motor 2 is fixedly arranged inside the lower part of the upper connecting sleeve 1, the upper end of a piston rod 6 is fixedly connected with the miniature direct-current servo motor 2, and the miniature direct-current servo motor 2 is connected with an input/output signal interface 29; the lower end of the working cylinder 7 is fixedly connected with a lower connecting sleeve 16.
The interior of the piston rod 6 is of a hollow structure, a through hole 26 is formed in the interior of the piston rod 6 along the length direction of the piston rod, the through hole 26 penetrates through the piston rod 6, and the side wall of the piston rod 6 is of an outer layer structure 18; a fine transmission shaft 13 communicated with the micro direct current servo motor 2 and the damping adjusting sheet 12 is fixedly arranged inside the piston rod 6, and the transmission shaft 13 and the piston rod 6 are coaxial; an inner layer structure 20 is arranged around the outside of the transmission shaft 13, and a gap is formed between the inner layer structure 20 and the transmission shaft 13; bearing sealing structures 17 are mounted at two ends of the through hole 26, the bearing sealing structures 17 enable the transmission shaft 13 to rotate relative to the whole piston rod, and two ends of the inner layer structure 20 are in contact with the bearing sealing structures 17 at two ends, namely, the inner layer structure 20 is sealed in the through hole 26 by the bearing sealing structures 17; the outer part of the inner layer structure 20 is surrounded by an encapsulating material 27 and a signal unit 19, the signal unit 19 is of a clarinet or waveguide structure, the thicknesses of the signal unit 19 and the encapsulating material 27 are the same, the two ends of the signal unit 19 are provided with the encapsulating material 27, one part of the inner wall of the encapsulating material 27 at each end is in contact with the bearing sealing structure 17, and the other part is in contact with the inner layer structure 20; the exterior of the potting material 27 and the signal element 19 is the side wall of the piston rod, i.e. the outer structure 18. From the above description, the cross section of the entire piston rod 6 is of three types from the inside to the outside: the first type is positioned at two ends of the whole piston rod 6 and sequentially comprises a transmission shaft 13 → a bearing sealing structure 17 → packaging material 27 → an outer layer structure 18 from inside to outside; the second type is that the transmission shaft 13 → the gap → the inner layer structure 20 → the encapsulating material 27 → the outer layer structure 18 are arranged at the position of the whole piston rod 6 near the end part from inside to outside; and the third type is located at the middle part of the whole piston rod 6 and sequentially comprises the transmission shaft 13 → the gap → the inner structure 20 → the signal unit 19 → the outer structure 18 from inside to outside. The lowermost end of the transmission shaft 13 of the piston rod 6 is fixedly connected with the damping adjusting sheet 12 through a transmission shaft locking nut 15, and the uppermost end is connected with the micro direct current servo motor 2, so that when the micro direct current servo motor 2 rotates, the transmission shaft 13 is driven, and then the damping adjusting sheet 12 is driven to rotate. The signal unit 19 can be configured with a reed switch and a waveguide wire according to different requirements of a suspension control system on measurement accuracy, wherein the measurement accuracy of the reed switch is low, basically 5 mm is taken as a measurement unit, but the cost is low, and the device is mature and reliable. The waveguide wire has high precision which can reach 1mm in a conventional product and 0.1mm in the latest product, but the cost is high, and the length of the signal unit is determined by the telescopic stroke of the shock absorber. Both the outer structure 18 and the inner structure 20 are preferably steel.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the diameter of the outer wall of the outer layer structure 18 is reduced in a step shape near the lower end, two steps are arranged on the outer wall of the whole outer layer structure 18, three diameter types are arranged on the outer wall, and the lowest end is chamfered; the outer end of the encapsulating material 27 at the upper end of the piston rod 6 is connected with a signal output lead 28.
The intelligent hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber for the automobile is based on a hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber used by a conventional automobile suspension, partial structure of the intelligent hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber is improved, a related sensing unit, a transmission shaft and an adjusting mechanism are arranged in the intelligent hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber, a micro pulse controlled direct current servo motor and a required input and output circuit interface are arranged outside the intelligent hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber, and functions of measuring the telescopic stroke and the telescopic frequency of the shock absorber and outputting information are realized through the arrangement, and meanwhile, the damping characteristic of the shock absorber can be adjusted under the instruction of an external control program. The shock absorber is based on a conventional hydraulic double-cylinder shock absorber for an automobile, a micro pulse-controlled servo motor is arranged at the position of an installation part of the shock absorber, a circular ring made of permanent magnet materials through which a piston rod 6 can freely pass is integrated in the structure of an original guider in the interior of a cylinder barrel of the shock absorber, the original solid piston rod is changed into a hollow multilayer tubular structure, two signal units of a reed pipe or a waveguide wire and related circuits thereof are configured between two pipes according to different requirements of a suspension control system on measurement accuracy, a thin driving shaft connected with the micro pulse-controlled servo motor is arranged in an inner-layer steel pipe, and a damping characteristic adjusting sheet is arranged at the top end of the shaft extending into the interior of a piston. Through the arrangement, when the shock absorber synchronously compresses and expands along with the elastic element of the suspension, the signal unit 19 measures the length of the piston rod 6 which is pulled out or pressed into the working cylinder 7 relative to the calibrated length, and then outputs the telescopic stroke information of the shock absorber, and outputs the telescopic frequency of the shock absorber according to the measured change time, and the control system of the suspension (or integrated in the whole vehicle) selects the optimal damping characteristic of the shock absorber under the vibration state according to the preset program, and then the micro direct current servo motor 2 which is arranged on the upper part of the shock absorber is instructed to rotate by a corresponding angle by a specific pulse, the damping adjusting sheet 12 in the shock absorber piston is driven to rotate by the slender transmission shaft 13 arranged in the hollow piston rod 6, the corresponding damping hole 22 on the piston is shielded or opened, and the preset damping characteristic of. Therefore, the information feedback of the vibration characteristic of the shock absorber to the shock absorber and the specific elastic unit of the suspension system is realized, the damping characteristic of the shock absorber is adjusted in real time under the control of a preset program, and the intelligent control requirement of the suspension system in the always optimal working state is met.
The working principle of the shock absorber of the invention is as follows:
when a driver starts a control system of a rear suspension (or integrated in a whole vehicle) of a vehicle to electrify a shock absorber, a signal unit 19 in a piston rod 6 of the shock absorber generates current pulses, the pulses are transmitted downwards along the signal unit 19 (a reed pipe or a waveguide wire) and generate an annular magnetic field, and a magnetic field always exists in a circular ring 4 made of permanent magnet materials integrated with a guide mechanism 3 in a working cylinder 7 of the shock absorber. When a vehicle runs, a piston rod 6 of the shock absorber extends and retracts along with the deformation of the elastic element of the suspension, a magnetic field is generated simultaneously by a circular ring made of a permanent magnet material circular ring 4 integrated on a guide mechanism 3 in a working cylinder 7 of the shock absorber, and when a current magnetic field of a signal unit 19 meets the circular magnetic field, a 'distortion' pulse, or a 'return' pulse is generated. The time difference between the "return" pulse and the current pulse is converted into a pulse signal, so that the relative position of the ring 4 on the piston rod 6 is derived, the length of the piston rod 6 drawn or pressed into the working cylinder 7 in relation to the nominal length is output according to a predetermined program, the expansion stroke of the shock absorber is obtained, the expansion frequency of the shock absorber is obtained according to the stroke change time, and the suspension (or integrated in the whole vehicle) control system selects the optimal damping characteristic of the shock absorber under the vibration state according to a preset program, then the micro DC servo motor 2 installed on the upper part of the shock absorber is rotated by a corresponding angle according to a specific pulse command, the slender shaft arranged in the hollow piston rod 6 drives the damping adjusting sheet in the shock absorber piston to rotate, so that the corresponding damping hole 22 on the piston is shielded or opened, and the effective working area of the piston is changed to realize the preset damping characteristic of the shock absorber.
Through the process, the information feedback of the vibration characteristic of the shock absorber to the shock absorber and the specific elastic unit of the suspension system is realized, and the damping characteristic of the shock absorber is adjusted in real time under the control of a preset program, so that the intelligent control requirement of the suspension system in the always optimal working state is met. In the running process of the vehicle, aiming at different road conditions, the vibration state of the vehicle is quickly identified through the shock absorber, and the optimal suspension vibration attenuation characteristic is provided by changing the damping characteristic of the suspension shock absorber according to a control program, so that the most comfortable vehicle smoothness is ensured.
When a driver powers on a vehicle, a suspension (or a whole vehicle) control system energizes a shock absorber, a signal unit 19 in a shock absorber piston rod 6 generates a current pulse which is transmitted downwards along the piston rod 6 and generates an annular magnetic field, the shock absorber piston rod 6 drives a piston mechanism (comprising a piston upper part 9, a second gasket 10, a piston connecting nut 11, a damping adjusting sheet 12, a transmission shaft 13, a piston upper part 14 and a locking nut 15) to reciprocate in a working cylinder 7 along with the deformation of a suspension elastic element, in the process, when liquid in the shock absorber passes through a damping hole 22 which is not shielded by a damping adjusting sheet 12 on the piston mechanism, the flowing friction and the viscous friction of the liquid form vibration resistance, the vibration energy is converted into heat energy and is emitted into the surrounding air to achieve the purpose of rapidly attenuating the vibration, when the current magnetic field of the signal unit 19 meets the magnetic field of the annular ring 4, a "twist" pulse, or "return" pulse, is generated. The time difference between the return pulse and the current pulse is converted into a pulse signal, so that the relative position of the circular ring 4 on the piston rod 6 is obtained, the length of the piston rod 6 which is pulled out or pressed into the working cylinder 7 relative to the calibrated length is output according to a preset program, the telescopic stroke of the shock absorber is measured, and the real-time working frequency of the shock absorber is obtained according to the stroke change time.
When a suspension (or integrated in a whole vehicle) control system selects the optimal damping characteristic of the shock absorber under the vibration state according to the obtained real-time working frequency of the shock absorber and a preset program, then the micro direct current servo motor 2 arranged at the upper part of the shock absorber rotates by a corresponding angle according to a specific pulse instruction, a fine driving shaft 13 arranged in a hollow piston rod 6 drives a damping adjusting sheet 12 in a piston mechanism of the shock absorber to rotate, the rotating angle of the damping adjusting sheet 12 corresponds to the overlapping area of an adjusting hole on the damping adjusting sheet and a damping hole 22 on a piston 9, and different rotating angles correspond to different effective working areas of the piston mechanism and further correspond to different damping characteristics of the shock absorber. The real-time adjustment of the damping characteristic of the shock absorber is realized by driving the rotation angle of the damping adjustment sheet 12, so as to meet the intelligent control requirement of the suspension system in the always optimal working state.
In the running process of the vehicle, aiming at different road conditions, the vibration state of the vehicle is quickly identified through the shock absorber, and the optimal suspension vibration attenuation characteristic is provided by changing the damping characteristic of the suspension shock absorber according to a control program, so that the most comfortable vehicle smoothness is ensured.
A piston rod of the intelligent shock absorber is of a composite structure of a double-layer hollow tube and a solid shaft, and a signal unit (a reed pipe or a waveguide wire) and a related circuit thereof are arranged between two concentric steel tubes. A solid shaft for driving a damping characteristic adjustment sheet is arranged in the inner-layer steel pipe, two small bearings are arranged between the solid shaft and the inner-layer steel pipe, a rubber sealing device is arranged at the end, connected with the piston, of the steel pipe, and the rubber is sealed in a bearing sealing structure 17 to prevent damping liquid from entering the piston rod. The appearance of the piston of the intelligent shock absorber is the same as that of a conventional shock absorber piston, but an upper split structure and a lower split structure are adopted, the upper part and the lower part are connected into a whole through a threaded structure, the upper half part is connected with a piston rod, a shock absorber damping characteristic adjusting sheet is arranged on a central shaft exposed out of the piston rod, and the lower half part mainly plays a role in sealing and protecting.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The intelligent hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber for the automobile is characterized by comprising a working cylinder (7) and a piston rod (6), wherein the upper end in the working cylinder (7) is filled with a guide mechanism (3), and the lower end in the working cylinder is fixedly provided with a piston; the upper end of the piston rod (6) is connected with a micro direct current servo motor (2) after passing through the guide mechanism (3); the lower end of the piston rod (6) is inserted into the piston and is connected with a damping adjusting sheet (12);
the piston is provided with a plurality of damping holes (22) penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface, the damping adjusting sheet (12) is provided with a plurality of damping adjusting holes (25), and the distance from the long axis of each damping adjusting hole (25) to the axis of the piston rod (6) is equal to the distance from the circle center of each damping hole (22) to the axis of the piston rod (6);
a permanent magnet material circular ring (4) is fixedly arranged inside the guide mechanism (3), and the permanent magnet material circular ring (4) is arranged around the piston rod (6); the piston rod (6) is internally provided with a signal unit (19) around its axis.
2. The hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber for the intelligent automobile according to claim 1, wherein the piston rod (6) is provided with a transmission shaft (13) along the axis thereof, the upper end of the transmission shaft (13) is connected with the micro direct current servo motor (2), and the lower end of the transmission shaft (13) is connected with the damping adjustment sheet (12).
3. The hydraulic drum shock absorber for intelligent automobile according to claim 2, characterized in that an inner layer structure (20) is arranged between the transmission shaft (13) and the signal unit (19); two ends of the piston rod (6) are provided with bearing sealing structures (17) around the transmission shaft (13).
4. The hydraulic cylinder shock absorber for intelligent automobile according to claim 3, wherein the outside of the signal unit (19) is the outer wall of the piston rod (6), and both ends of the signal unit (19) are provided with the packing material (27).
5. A hydraulic cylinder shock absorber for an intelligent automobile according to claim 1, wherein the radius of each orifice (22) is different.
6. The hydraulic tube shock absorber for an intelligent automobile as set forth in claim 1, wherein each of the damping adjusting holes (12) is different in sectional area.
7. The hydraulic drum shock absorber for intelligent automobile according to claim 1, wherein the signal unit (19) is a reed switch or a waveguide wire.
8. The hydraulic drum type shock absorber for the intelligent automobile according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the working cylinder (7) is buckled with a dust cover (5), the upper end of the dust cover (5) is connected with an upper connecting sleeve (1), and the micro direct current servo motor (2) is arranged in the upper connecting sleeve (1); the lower end of the working cylinder (7) is connected with a lower connecting sleeve (16).
9. The hydraulic cylinder shock absorber for intelligent automobile as recited in claim 1, wherein the piston comprises a piston upper part (9) and a piston lower part (14), and the damping adjustment sheet (12) is between the two parts; the piston rod (6) is fixedly connected with the upper part (9) of the piston through a piston connecting nut (11).
10. The hydraulic drum type damper for the intelligent automobile according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the input and output signal interface (29) is connected to the micro-dc servo motor (2), and the signal output lead (28) is connected to the signal unit (19).
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| CN202010313828.8A CN111473081B (en) | 2020-04-20 | 2020-04-20 | Hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber for intelligent automobile |
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| CN202010313828.8A CN111473081B (en) | 2020-04-20 | 2020-04-20 | Hydraulic cylinder type shock absorber for intelligent automobile |
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| CN115030976A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-09-09 | 江苏科技大学 | Piston rod damping method of automobile damper based on phononic crystal |
| CN115199700A (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2022-10-18 | 山西润世华新能源技术服务有限公司 | Composite tuned damper and wind generating set |
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| US6199671B1 (en) * | 1998-09-14 | 2001-03-13 | New Joules Engineering (Sales) Proprietary) Limited | Shock absorber |
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| CN115199700A (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2022-10-18 | 山西润世华新能源技术服务有限公司 | Composite tuned damper and wind generating set |
| CN115199700B (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2022-11-29 | 山西润世华新能源技术服务有限公司 | Composite tuned damper and wind generating set |
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| CN111473081B (en) | 2021-08-17 |
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