CN111473071A - Hydraulic cylinder speed regulation type magnetorheological fluid retarder - Google Patents
Hydraulic cylinder speed regulation type magnetorheological fluid retarder Download PDFInfo
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- CN111473071A CN111473071A CN202010319482.2A CN202010319482A CN111473071A CN 111473071 A CN111473071 A CN 111473071A CN 202010319482 A CN202010319482 A CN 202010319482A CN 111473071 A CN111473071 A CN 111473071A
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- piston
- crankshaft
- cylinder body
- magnetorheological fluid
- cavity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D57/00—Liquid-resistance brakes; Brakes using the internal friction of fluids or fluid-like media, e.g. powders
- F16D57/002—Liquid-resistance brakes; Brakes using the internal friction of fluids or fluid-like media, e.g. powders comprising a medium with electrically or magnetically controlled internal friction, e.g. electrorheological fluid, magnetic powder
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D57/00—Liquid-resistance brakes; Brakes using the internal friction of fluids or fluid-like media, e.g. powders
- F16D57/06—Liquid-resistance brakes; Brakes using the internal friction of fluids or fluid-like media, e.g. powders comprising a pump circulating fluid, braking being effected by throttling of the circulation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic cylinder speed regulation type magnetorheological fluid retarder which comprises a cylinder body, a bottom cover, a piston, a crankshaft and a connecting rod, wherein the bottom cover is fixed at the bottom of the cylinder body, and a closed cavity is formed between the cylinder body and the bottom cover; an electromagnet is fixed at the bottom of the cavity; two ends of the crankshaft are respectively and rotatably connected to the top of the cylinder body, and one end of the crankshaft is in transmission connection with a power system; the upper end of the connecting rod is rotatably sleeved with a crank pin of the crankshaft, and the lower end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected with the upper end of the piston through a piston pin; the piston is sleeved in the cavity in a sliding mode, and the crankshaft rotates to drive the piston to move up and down in the cylinder body repeatedly; the piston is provided with an inner hole which penetrates through the upper end and the lower end of the piston. The invention seeks a method for obtaining higher magnetorheological fluid retarding resistance moment by using the piston cylinder and the electromagnet capable of obtaining a higher magnetic field, and can overcome the mechanical structure of the retarder with the wall surface slippage phenomenon of the magnetofluid so as to fully utilize the shear stress, and the crankshaft retarding effect is obvious and the reliability is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of retarders, in particular to a hydraulic cylinder speed regulation type magnetorheological fluid retarder.
Background
The magnetorheological fluid is a stable suspension formed by uniformly dispersing carbonyl iron powder in a proper base fluid, and is characterized in that the viscosity and the shear stress can instantaneously increase by several orders of magnitude when encountering a strong magnetic field, and the magnetorheological fluid is changed into a solid from a fluid with good fluidity; and once the magnetic field is removed, the original state can be recovered instantaneously, and the time is millisecond. The excellent characteristic enables the magnetorheological system to become a simple, quiet and quick-response intermediate device between an electrical control system and a mechanical system, and the unique magnetorheological effect and the good rheological property of the magnetorheological system are widely applied to mechanical structures such as intelligent dampers, clutches and the like. The characteristic is utilized in the retarder, so that the effect of stepless speed change and retarding can be achieved by actively changing the resisting moment of the retarder in real time, and various downhill road conditions can be met.
The magnetorheological fluid is applied to the vane type retarder, when the magnetic field intensity 132Gs rises to 300Gs, the rotating speed of a driving motor connected with the vane type retarder is gradually reduced to 80r/min from 156r/min at first, and the experimental data show that the driving motor has obvious retarding effect at low speed, but the retarding effect at high speed is not ideal. The existing known magnetorheological fluid has a wall surface slippage phenomenon, which is characterized in that when the shear stress borne by the magnetorheological fluid at the position of a gap wall surface exceeds a certain value in the shearing or flowing process, the wall surface cannot provide a strong enough adhesion effect, and the liquid tightly attached to the wall surface can relatively slip along the wall surface. According to the improved rear blade type magnetorheological fluid, after the wall surface is subjected to zigzag treatment and the magnetic field intensity is enhanced, when the magnetic field intensity is increased to 800Gs and the rotating speed of a driving motor connected with the blade type retarder is reduced to the maximum, the rotating speed is reduced to 2400r/min from 3000r/min with the maximum initial speed. Obviously, the slowing effect is not enough, and the characteristics of the magnetorheological fluid that the wall surface slippage phenomenon is needed to be overcome and the shear strength of the magnetorheological fluid is low are needed to be overcome.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the background, the invention aims to provide a hydraulic cylinder speed-regulating type magnetorheological fluid retarder with a better speed-regulating effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a hydraulic cylinder speed regulation type magnetorheological fluid retarder comprises a cylinder body, a bottom cover, a piston, a crankshaft and a connecting rod,
the bottom cover is fixed at the bottom of the cylinder body, and a closed cavity is formed between the cylinder body and the bottom cover;
an electromagnet is fixed at the bottom of the cavity;
two ends of the crankshaft are respectively and rotatably connected to the top of the cylinder body, and one end of the crankshaft is in transmission connection with a power system;
the upper end of the connecting rod is rotatably sleeved with a crank pin of the crankshaft, and the lower end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected with the upper end of the piston through a piston pin;
the piston is sleeved in the cavity in a sliding mode, and the crankshaft rotates to drive the piston to move up and down in the cylinder body repeatedly;
the piston is provided with an inner hole which penetrates through the upper end and the lower end of the piston.
Furthermore, a circular ring for axially limiting the top of the electromagnet is fixed in the cavity.
Furthermore, the two ends of the crankshaft are connected with the cylinder body through bearings, and the two bearings are axially positioned through bearing end covers fixedly connected to the cylinder body respectively.
Furthermore, two O-shaped sealing rings and a piston ring are arranged on the outer cylindrical wall of the piston at intervals along the axial direction of the piston.
By adopting the technology, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the mode that a piston cylinder and an electromagnet with a higher magnetic field can be obtained is utilized to find a method for obtaining a higher magnetorheological fluid retarding resistance moment, and a retarder mechanical structure capable of overcoming the wall surface slippage phenomenon of the magnetofluid is utilized to fully utilize the shear stress, so that the crankshaft retarding effect is obvious, and the reliability is high.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description;
FIG. 1 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the piston.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in one of figures 1-3, the hydraulic cylinder speed-regulating type magnetorheological fluid retarder of the invention comprises a cylinder body 1, a bottom cover 2, a piston 3, a crankshaft 4 and a connecting rod 5,
the bottom cover 2 is fixed at the bottom of the cylinder body 1, and a closed cavity is formed between the cylinder body 1 and the bottom cover 2;
an electromagnet 6 is fixed at the bottom of the cavity;
two ends of the crankshaft 4 are respectively and rotatably connected to the top of the cylinder body 1, and one end of the crankshaft 4 is used for being in transmission connection with a power system;
the upper end of the connecting rod 5 is rotatably sleeved with a crank pin of the crankshaft 4, and the lower end of the connecting rod 5 is rotatably connected with the upper end of the piston 3 through a piston pin;
the piston 3 is sleeved in the cavity in a sliding manner, and the crankshaft 4 rotates to drive the piston 3 to move up and down in the cylinder body 1 repeatedly;
the piston 3 is provided with an inner hole 31 penetrating the upper and lower ends thereof.
A ring 9 for axially limiting the top of the electromagnet 6 is fixed in the cavity.
The two ends of the crankshaft 4 are connected with the cylinder body 1 through bearings 7, and the two bearings 7 are axially positioned through bearing end covers 8 fixedly connected to the cylinder body 1 respectively.
The material of the cylinder body 1 must adopt non-magnetic conductive aluminum alloy or 1Cr18Ni9Ti and other materials, which is beneficial to magnetic isolation, otherwise, magnetic leakage is caused and the magnetic field intensity is reduced. The material of the circular ring 9 must be iron or the like with high magnetic conductivity, so that the magnetic field lines outside the electromagnet 6 can pass through the circular ring 9 and then pass through the magnetorheological fluid to reach the inside of the electromagnet 6.
The two ends of the crankshaft 4 are designed into a step-shaped structure, so that parts on the shaft are convenient to position, and the strength is reliable; the main journal, crank and crank pin are formed as three parts of the crankshaft 4, and have a shape that ensures sufficient rigidity and strength, and as far as possible, prevents stress from being excessively concentrated, increases fatigue resistance, and makes them light in weight and easy to process. By adopting the general design rule that the diameter of the main journal is more than 10 percent of the diameter of the crank, the mass distribution of the balance weight enables the gravity center to be far away from the rotation center of the main shaft, and the effect of offsetting the rotation mass, the reciprocating inertia force and the moment is generated. The material is selected from the materials with the characteristics of higher strength, good shock absorption performance and smaller notch sensitivity.
Considering the working environment of the piston 3 in the cylinder 1, the piston needs to bear high enough mechanical load and high speed reciprocating sliding, the selected material has to have enough strength and rigidity, the weight can be reduced as much as possible, and the characteristic of non-magnetic material needs to be satisfied without interfering the magnetic circuit, so the materials such as aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, high nickel austenitic stainless steel and the like can be selected.
Two O-shaped sealing rings 10 and a piston ring 11 are arranged on the outer cylindrical wall of the piston 3 at intervals along the axial direction. The O-shaped sealing rings 10 are made of rubber materials, and a piston ring 11 is additionally arranged behind the two O-shaped sealing rings 10, so that the strength and the positioning are increased, the O-shaped sealing rings 10 are prevented from deviating, and the service life and the sealing performance are prolonged to some extent.
An additional O-shaped sealing ring is additionally arranged between the cylinder body 1 and the electromagnet 6 and is tightly sealed between the bottom cover 2 and the circular ring 9. The bearing 7 is a sealed bearing as a secondary sealing component.
The radial load borne by the bearing 7 of the magnetorheological fluid retarder is the main load, and the axial positioning is considered. Therefore, the bearing 7 selected by the invention is a deep groove ball bearing.
The electromagnet 6 in the embodiment can be a DC24V direct current electromagnet with the diameter and height of the size parameter of 80mm × 80mm, the maximum suction force of the electromagnet reaches 200kg, and the maximum magnetic field intensity is 000Gs, and meanwhile, the current of the electromagnet 6 is controlled by increasing or decreasing the adjustable resistance of the external circuit, the magnetic field intensity on the iron core of the electromagnet 6 is changed, and the suction force of the magnetorheological fluid and the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid are further changed.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
firstly, the magnetorheological fluid acts in the cylinder body 1, and a magnetic field is given to the magnetorheological fluid in one direction in the cylinder. The volume of the magnetorheological fluid when full is equal to the volume of the inner bore 31 of the piston 3, so that the piston 3 is moved to press the magnetorheological fluid into the inner bore 31 thereof.
Under the condition of zero magnetic field, the magnetorheological fluid belongs to a Newtonian fluid state, on the premise of not considering fluid leakage, the piston 3 is designed to have the effective compression area equal to the area of the liquid inlet hole on the piston 3, the volume of the compressed liquid is equal to the increased volume of the inner hole 31 in the piston 3, and at the moment, the piston 3 only overcomes the on-way resistance loss of the fluid.
When the magnetic field starts to increase, in the downward compression process of the piston 3, due to the strong magnetic conductivity of the magnetorheological fluid, the iron core of the electromagnet 6 is in contact with the liquid, a magnetic circuit is formed between the iron core and the liquid to form a suction force, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid starts to increase, the flow on the inner hole 31 of the piston 3 is reduced, and the movement speed of the piston 3 is reduced; the increase of the magnetic field intensity can enhance the extrusion stress and the compression elastic modulus of the magnetorheological fluid, increase the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid and increase the suction force; thereby increasing the resistance to movement of the piston 3 and increasing the amount of reduction in speed.
In the process that the piston 3 returns upwards, the volume in the cylinder is increased to enhance the pressure of the magnetic fluid, the air on the upper part of the piston 3 presses the liquid back to the lower part of the piston 3, and the magnetic field suction force can also help to return the magnetic fluid.
While the invention has been described in connection with the above embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and that those skilled in the art will understand that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (4)
1. Pneumatic cylinder speed governing formula magnetorheological suspensions retarber, its characterized in that: which comprises a cylinder body, a bottom cover, a piston, a crankshaft and a connecting rod,
the bottom cover is fixed at the bottom of the cylinder body, and a closed cavity is formed between the cylinder body and the bottom cover;
an electromagnet is fixed at the bottom of the cavity;
two ends of the crankshaft are respectively and rotatably connected to the top of the cylinder body, and one end of the crankshaft is in transmission connection with a power system;
the upper end of the connecting rod is rotatably sleeved with a crank pin of the crankshaft, and the lower end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected with the upper end of the piston through a piston pin;
the piston is sleeved in the cavity in a sliding mode, and the crankshaft rotates to drive the piston to move up and down in the cylinder body repeatedly;
the piston is provided with an inner hole which penetrates through the upper end and the lower end of the piston.
2. The hydraulic cylinder speed-regulating magnetorheological fluid retarder according to claim 1, characterized in that: a circular ring for axially limiting the top of the electromagnet is fixed in the cavity.
3. The hydraulic cylinder speed-regulating magnetorheological fluid retarder according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two ends of the crankshaft are connected with the cylinder body through bearings, and the two bearings are axially positioned through bearing end covers fixedly connected to the cylinder body respectively.
4. The hydraulic cylinder speed-regulating magnetorheological fluid retarder according to claim 1, characterized in that: two O-shaped sealing rings and a piston ring are arranged on the outer cylindrical wall of the piston at intervals along the axial direction of the piston.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010319482.2A CN111473071A (en) | 2020-04-21 | 2020-04-21 | Hydraulic cylinder speed regulation type magnetorheological fluid retarder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010319482.2A CN111473071A (en) | 2020-04-21 | 2020-04-21 | Hydraulic cylinder speed regulation type magnetorheological fluid retarder |
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|---|---|
| CN111473071A true CN111473071A (en) | 2020-07-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010319482.2A Pending CN111473071A (en) | 2020-04-21 | 2020-04-21 | Hydraulic cylinder speed regulation type magnetorheological fluid retarder |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050150731A1 (en) * | 2003-07-07 | 2005-07-14 | Gregory Hitchcock | Controllable compressible fluid damper |
| KR20090131479A (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2009-12-29 | 현대모비스 주식회사 | Magneto-rheological damper |
| CN102003491A (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2011-04-06 | 重庆仪表材料研究所 | Electromagnetic double-cylinder magneto-rheological damper |
| CN104019152A (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-09-03 | 浙江师范大学 | Piston-type magneto-rheological clutch |
| CN104595412A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-05-06 | 重庆材料研究院有限公司 | Double-barrel-structure magneto-rheological shock absorber based on flow mode |
| CN207945000U (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-10-09 | 浙江师范大学 | A kind of magnetorheological muffler of the automobile-used noise piezo-electric generating self energizing of motor |
| CN109826903A (en) * | 2019-02-13 | 2019-05-31 | 杨泽达 | Set channel MR damper in a kind of bottom of band sedimentation Active dispersion devices |
-
2020
- 2020-04-21 CN CN202010319482.2A patent/CN111473071A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050150731A1 (en) * | 2003-07-07 | 2005-07-14 | Gregory Hitchcock | Controllable compressible fluid damper |
| KR20090131479A (en) * | 2008-06-18 | 2009-12-29 | 현대모비스 주식회사 | Magneto-rheological damper |
| CN102003491A (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2011-04-06 | 重庆仪表材料研究所 | Electromagnetic double-cylinder magneto-rheological damper |
| CN104019152A (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2014-09-03 | 浙江师范大学 | Piston-type magneto-rheological clutch |
| CN104595412A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-05-06 | 重庆材料研究院有限公司 | Double-barrel-structure magneto-rheological shock absorber based on flow mode |
| CN207945000U (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-10-09 | 浙江师范大学 | A kind of magnetorheological muffler of the automobile-used noise piezo-electric generating self energizing of motor |
| CN109826903A (en) * | 2019-02-13 | 2019-05-31 | 杨泽达 | Set channel MR damper in a kind of bottom of band sedimentation Active dispersion devices |
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Application publication date: 20200731 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |