CN111472776A - Underwater expansion rock cracking construction process of gas-induced cracking pipe - Google Patents
Underwater expansion rock cracking construction process of gas-induced cracking pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN111472776A CN111472776A CN202010274960.2A CN202010274960A CN111472776A CN 111472776 A CN111472776 A CN 111472776A CN 202010274960 A CN202010274960 A CN 202010274960A CN 111472776 A CN111472776 A CN 111472776A
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- underwater
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
- E21C37/14—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole by compressed air; by gas blast; by gasifying liquids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of underwater rock cracking construction methods, and discloses an underwater expansion cracking construction process of a gas cracking pipe, which comprises the following steps: and (3) additionally arranging a sleeve and a drill hole, arranging a fracturing pipe, and plugging a blast hole by using an underwater expansion coagulant to initiate fracturing rocks. Compared with the prior art, the underwater expansion cracking rock construction process for the gas-induced cracking pipe adopts a trepanning mode to realize drilling operation, and simultaneously utilizes the sleeve as a guide channel for the cracking pipe and the underwater expansion coagulant during loading, so that the blockage of a cracking hole is effectively avoided, the loading of the cracking pipe is facilitated, and the loading of the underwater expansion coagulant is also facilitated to fix the cracking pipe. When the gas-induced cracking pipe expands, the expansion force is controllable, and explosion shock waves are not generated, so that the underwater expansion cracking rock construction process of the gas-induced cracking pipe is suitable for sensitive areas incapable of causing strong vibration, is beneficial to protecting aquatic organisms and fishes in an operating water area, and is beneficial to environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underwater rock cracking construction methods, and particularly relates to an underwater expansion rock cracking construction process of a gas cracking pipe.
Background
The carbon dioxide cracking device is used for cracking rocks or coal by heating, gasifying and expanding liquid carbon dioxide and then quickly releasing high-pressure gas. The expansion force is controllable, the power is high, the explosion shock wave is not generated, and the like, so that the expansion force is widely applied to the fields of urban construction, mineral exploitation and the like. The related technology discloses a construction process for realizing rock fracturing in a land environment by using carbon dioxide fracturing equipment, which comprises the steps of drilling a fracturing hole, putting a fracturing pipe into the fracturing hole, and then triggering the carbon dioxide fracturing equipment to fracture the rock. The disadvantages of the related art are that the construction process using the land environment in the related art cannot be directly applied to the underwater environment, and specifically: for underwater rocks in the range of several meters or even more than ten meters under water and deeper, after the fracturing hole is drilled, the technical problems of blockage of the fracturing hole, difficulty in loading the fracturing pipe and difficulty in fixing the fracturing pipe easily occur.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a new underwater expansion cracking construction process of gas-induced cracking pipe to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: provides an underwater expansion rock-cracking construction process of a gas-induced cracking pipe suitable for underwater operation.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: an underwater expansion rock cracking construction process of a gas-induced cracking pipe comprises the following steps:
s1, casing and drilling are added: taking a tubular sleeve, wherein the sleeve is tubular with an inner cavity, one open end of the sleeve is set as an abutting end, the other open end of the sleeve is set as an inlet end, taking a drill bit, the drill bit is arranged in the inner cavity of the sleeve, the sleeve is moved to be close to underwater rock, the abutting end abuts against the surface of the underwater rock under the action of a compression force, the inlet end extends towards the water surface, a fracture hole is drilled in the underwater rock by the drill bit, and after drilling is finished, the drill bit is drawn out of the inner cavity of the sleeve;
s2, installing a cracking tube: taking a fracturing pipe, wherein the fracturing pipe comprises an expansion pipe and an initiation line, the expansion pipe is placed from the inlet end, the expansion pipe extends out from the abutting end after passing through the inner cavity of the sleeve and enters the fracturing hole, and the arrangement position of the fracturing pipe is set as a fracturing area;
s3, adding an underwater expansion coagulant: filling an underwater expansion coagulant into the inner cavity of the fracturing pipe through the inlet end, wherein the underwater expansion coagulant enters the fracturing hole through the abutting end and coats the peripheral part of the expansion pipe, the expansion pipe is fixed in the fracturing hole after the underwater expansion coagulant is coagulated and expanded, one end of the initiation line is connected with the expansion pipe, and the other end of the initiation line extends out of the inlet end;
s4, initiating cracking of rock: and removing the sleeve, and triggering the expansion pipe through one end of the triggering line extending out of the inlet end to rapidly expand the gas in the expansion pipe so as to realize fracturing of the underwater rock.
Preferably, in step S1, the inlet end is disposed to extend out of the water surface above the underwater rock.
Preferably, the sleeve is cylindrical tubular.
Preferably, in step S1, the drill bit drills one or more than two spaced apart fracturing holes in the underwater rock.
Preferably, in step S3, when the underwater expansion coagulant is added, one end of the expansion pipe away from the initiation line is in a state of abutting against the bottom of the fracture hole, and the underwater expansion coagulant is coated on the outer sidewall of the expansion pipe and the top of the expansion pipe.
Preferably, before the step of taking the fracturing pipe in the step S2, filling gas into the expansion pipe to realize the field hole external filling of the fracturing pipe.
Preferably, the gas filled into the expansion pipe is liquid carbon dioxide.
Preferably, a drill rod is arranged on the drill bit, a power part is arranged at one end of the drill rod, which is far away from the drill bit, and one end of the sleeve, which is far away from the underwater rock, is connected to the power part; the power part is used for driving the drill bit to move, the pressing force is provided by the power part, and when the sleeve is moved to be close to the underwater rock, the drill bit is close to the underwater rock at the same time.
Preferably, the power unit is fixed to a ship, one end of the initiation line is located on the ship, and after step S3 is completed and before step S4 is started, the ship carries the one end of the initiation line to leave the water area opposite to the fracturing area.
Preferably, before step S1, the method further includes a pre-step, where the pre-step is: setting a drilling center point of the surface of the underwater rock as a point A to determine an underwater drilling position, and in step S1, when the sleeve is moved to be close to the underwater rock, an axial center of the sleeve faces the point A, and an axial center of the drill bit faces the point A to drill the fracture hole.
Compared with the prior art, the underwater expansion cracking rock construction process for the gas-induced cracking pipe adopts a trepanning mode to realize drilling operation, and simultaneously utilizes the sleeve as a guide channel for the cracking pipe and the underwater expansion coagulant during loading, so that the blockage of a cracking hole is effectively avoided, the loading of the cracking pipe is facilitated, and the loading of the underwater expansion coagulant is also facilitated to fix the cracking pipe. When the gas-induced cracking pipe expands, the expansion force is controllable, and explosion shock waves are not generated, so that the underwater expansion cracking rock construction process of the gas-induced cracking pipe is suitable for sensitive areas incapable of causing strong vibration, is beneficial to protecting aquatic organisms and fishes in an operating water area, and is beneficial to environmental protection.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of step S1 (casing and drilling) in the underwater expansion rock cracking construction process of a gas-induced cracking pipe of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of step S2 (installing the fracturing pipe) in the process of underwater expansion cracking of the gas fracturing pipe of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of step S3 (adding underwater expansion solidifying agent) in the underwater expansion rock cracking construction process of the gas-induced cracking pipe of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of step S4 (initiating cracking rock) in the underwater expansion cracking rock construction process of the gas-induced cracking pipe of the invention.
In the figure:
1. the method comprises the following steps of (1) casing, 2 drill bit, 3 drill rod, 4 fracturing hole, 5 fracturing pipe, 6 underwater expansion coagulant, 7 water surface and 8 underwater rock;
11. inner cavity, 12 abutting end, 13 inlet end;
51. an expansion tube, 52, an initiation wire;
a: a borehole center point of the underwater rock surface.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to the attached drawings 1-4, the invention relates to an underwater expansion rock cracking construction process of a gas-induced cracking pipe, which comprises the following steps:
s1, installing the casing 1 and drilling holes: taking a tubular sleeve 1, wherein the sleeve 1 is tubular with an inner cavity 11, one open end of the sleeve 1 is set as an abutting end 12, the other open end of the sleeve 1 is set as an inlet end 13, taking a drill bit 2, the drill bit 2 is arranged in the inner cavity 11 of the sleeve 1, moving the sleeve 1 to approach an underwater rock 8, the abutting end 12 abuts against the surface of the underwater rock 8 under the action of a compression force, the inlet end 13 extends towards the water surface 7, drilling a fracture hole 4 (the fracture hole is also called a blast hole) on the underwater rock 8 by using the drill bit 2, and after the drilling is finished, extracting the drill bit 2 from the inner cavity 11 of the sleeve 1. Specifically, a drill rod 3 is arranged on the drill bit 2, a power part is arranged at one end of the drill rod 3, which is far away from the drill bit 2, and one end of the casing 1, which is far away from the underwater rock 8, is connected to the power part; the power part is used for driving the drill bit 2 to move, the pressing force is provided by the power part, and when the sleeve 1 is moved to approach the underwater rock 8, the drill bit 2 simultaneously approaches the underwater rock 8.
S2, installing a cracking tube 5: taking a fracturing pipe 5, wherein the fracturing pipe 5 comprises an expansion pipe 51 and an initiation line 52, the expansion pipe 51 is placed from the inlet end 13, the expansion pipe 51 passes through the inner cavity 11 of the casing pipe 1 and then extends out of the abutting end 12 and enters the fracturing hole 4, and the arrangement position of the fracturing pipe 5 is set as a fracturing area.
S3, adding an underwater expansion coagulant 6: and filling an underwater expansion coagulant 6 into the inner cavity 11 of the fracturing pipe 5 through the inlet end 13, wherein the underwater expansion coagulant 6 enters the fracturing hole 4 through the abutting end 12 and coats the periphery of the expansion pipe 51, the expansion pipe 51 is fixed in the fracturing hole 4 after the underwater expansion coagulant 6 is coagulated and expanded, one end of the initiating wire 52 is connected with the expansion pipe 51, and the other end of the initiating wire 52 extends out of the inlet end 13.
S4, initiating cracking of rock: the casing 1 is removed and the expansion pipe 51 is initiated by the end of the initiation wire 52 protruding out of the inlet end 13, resulting in fracturing of the underwater rock 8.
The underwater expansion rock cracking construction process of the gas-induced cracking pipe is further explained as follows:
in one embodiment, the underwater drilling adopts a trepanning drilling mode, which specifically comprises the following steps: the sleeve 1 is sleeved outside the drill rod 3, the drill bit 2 is accommodated in an inner cavity 11 of the sleeve 1, before drilling, the drill bit 2 and the sleeve 1 move towards the direction close to the underwater rock 8, after the abutting end 12 of the sleeve 1 touches the rock, the sleeve 1 abuts against the surface of the underwater rock 8 and is in a static state, the drill bit 2 continues to move downwards, and a fracture hole 4 is drilled in the underwater rock 8. When drilling, the field operation personnel are positioned on the water vehicles such as ships above the fracturing area, and the fracturing pipe 5 is placed on the water vehicles such as ships. The number of the fracturing holes 4 drilled in the underwater rock 8 by the drill bit 2 is one or more than two arranged at intervals. The number and the hole positions of the specific drill holes can be determined according to the field working condition and the operation requirement. The sleeve 1 is cylindrical and tubular. In particular, the inlet end 13 is arranged to extend out of the water surface 7 above the underwater rock 8, which design facilitates operation.
Secondly, during operation, the fracturing pipe 5 needs to be filled outside the hole on site, namely liquid carbon dioxide is filled into the expansion pipe 51 on site. The field filling is beneficial to ensuring the use safety of the cracking tube 5, and the hole external filling is beneficial to improving the convenience of gas filling. After drilling is completed, the field crew can install the fracturing pipe 5 on the vessel. The method specifically comprises the following steps: the expansion pipe 51 is put in from the inlet end 13, and the expansion pipe 51 extends out from the abutting end 12 after passing through the inner cavity 11 of the casing 1 and enters the fracturing hole 4, so that one end of the initiation line 52 is ensured to extend out of the casing 1, and subsequent initiation is facilitated.
Thirdly, after the cracking tube 5 is placed in the cracking hole 4, in order to prevent tube flying when the cracking tube 5 is expanded, the cracking tube 5 needs to be effectively fixed. The underwater expansion coagulant 6 is filled around the fracturing pipe 5, the underwater expansion coagulant 6 can be grouting concreting including underwater concreting non-dispersive cement, the underwater expansion coagulant 6 can also be underwater building structural adhesive, and the underwater expansion coagulant 6 can also be other materials capable of realizing rapid solidification underwater. More specifically, when the underwater expansion coagulant 6 is added, one end of the expansion pipe 51 far away from the initiation line 52 is in a state of abutting against the bottom of the hole of the fracturing hole 4, and the underwater expansion coagulant 6 is coated on the outer side wall of the expansion pipe 51 and the top of the expansion pipe 51. When the underwater expansion coagulant 6 is added, an operator is positioned on a ship, and the sleeve 1 is used as a guide channel for filling the fracturing pipe 5 and the underwater expansion coagulant 6, so that the underwater expansion coagulant 6 is conveyed to the fracturing hole 4 and covers the fracturing pipe 5. The underwater expansion coagulant 6 can be quickly expanded and coagulated to fix the expansion pipe 51 of the cracking pipe 5 at the fixed position of the cracking hole 4.
And fourthly, after the fracturing pipe 5 is effectively fixed, the casing 1 is removed, and the casing 1 can be recycled. The crew member controls the end of the vessel carrying the initiation line 52 to move away from the body of water opposite the initiation area. After the ship is ensured to be positioned at a safe position, the expansion pipe 51 is initiated through one end of the initiation line 52 extending out of the inlet end 13, and the fracturing of the underwater rock 8 is realized. Of course, the triggering wire 52 can be controlled to trigger the expansion tube 51 by a wireless remote control.
It should be noted that, before drilling the fracture hole 4, a pre-step of determining the underwater drilling position may be further included. Specifically, the underwater rock 8 is explored, the number and the hole positions of specific drill holes can be determined according to the field working condition and the operation requirement, the central point of the drill hole on the surface of the underwater rock 8 is set as a point A, and the number of the points A can be multiple. When the sleeve 1 is moved to approach the underwater rock 8, the axial center of the sleeve 1 is over against the point A, and the axial center of the drill bit 2 is over against the point A to drill the fracture hole 4. This design is favorable to guaranteeing to the fracturing effect of rock 8 under water.
Compared with the prior art, the underwater expansion cracking rock construction process for the gas-induced cracking pipe adopts a trepanning mode to realize drilling operation, and simultaneously utilizes the sleeve as a guide channel for the cracking pipe and the underwater expansion coagulant during loading, so that the blockage of a cracking hole is effectively avoided, the loading of the cracking pipe is facilitated, and the loading of the underwater expansion coagulant is also facilitated to fix the cracking pipe. When the gas-induced cracking pipe expands, the expansion force is controllable, and explosion shock waves are not generated, so that the underwater expansion cracking rock construction process of the gas-induced cracking pipe is suitable for sensitive areas incapable of causing strong vibration, is beneficial to protecting aquatic organisms and fishes in an operating water area, and is beneficial to environmental protection.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The underwater expansion rock cracking construction process of the gas-induced cracking pipe is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, casing and drilling are added: taking a tubular sleeve, wherein the sleeve is tubular with an inner cavity, one open end of the sleeve is set as an abutting end, the other open end of the sleeve is set as an inlet end, taking a drill bit, the drill bit is arranged in the inner cavity of the sleeve, the sleeve is moved to be close to underwater rock, the abutting end abuts against the surface of the underwater rock under the action of a compression force, the inlet end extends towards the water surface, a fracture hole is drilled in the underwater rock by the drill bit, and after drilling is finished, the drill bit is drawn out of the inner cavity of the sleeve;
s2, installing a cracking tube: taking a fracturing pipe, wherein the fracturing pipe comprises an expansion pipe and an initiation line, the expansion pipe is placed from the inlet end, the expansion pipe extends out from the abutting end after passing through the inner cavity of the sleeve and enters the fracturing hole, and the arrangement position of the fracturing pipe is set as a fracturing area;
s3, adding an underwater expansion coagulant: filling an underwater expansion coagulant into the inner cavity of the fracturing pipe through the inlet end, wherein the underwater expansion coagulant enters the fracturing hole through the abutting end and coats the peripheral part of the expansion pipe, the expansion pipe is fixed in the fracturing hole after the underwater expansion coagulant is coagulated and expanded, one end of the initiation line is connected with the expansion pipe, and the other end of the initiation line extends out of the inlet end;
s4, initiating cracking of rock: and removing the sleeve, and triggering the expansion pipe through one end of the triggering line extending out of the inlet end to rapidly expand the gas in the expansion pipe so as to realize fracturing of the underwater rock.
2. The process of underwater expansion cracking of rock construction of a gas-induced cracking pipe of claim 1, wherein the inlet end is disposed to protrude above the water surface of the underwater rock in step S1.
3. The process of underwater expansion cracking of a gas-cracked pipe as claimed in claim 1, wherein the casing is cylindrical tubular.
4. The process of underwater expansion cracking of rock by gas cracking tube of claim 1, wherein in step S1, the drill bit drills one or more than two spaced holes in the underwater rock.
5. The process of claim 1, wherein in step S3, when the underwater expansion setting agent is added, the end of the expansion pipe far away from the initiation line is in a state of abutting against the bottom of the fracture hole, and the underwater expansion setting agent covers the outer sidewall of the expansion pipe and the top of the expansion pipe.
6. The process of underwater expansion cracking of rock construction of gas-cracked pipe as claimed in claim 1, wherein before the step of taking out the cracked pipe in step S2, filling gas into the expanded pipe to realize on-site hole external filling of the cracked pipe.
7. The process of underwater expansion cracking of a gas-cracked pipe as claimed in claim 6, wherein the gas charged into the expansion pipe is liquid carbon dioxide.
8. The underwater expansion rock cracking construction process of the gas fracturing pipe as claimed in claim 1, wherein a drill rod is arranged on the drill bit, a power part is arranged at one end of the drill rod, which is far away from the drill bit, and one end of the sleeve, which is far away from the underwater rock, is connected to the power part; the power part is used for driving the drill bit to move, the pressing force is provided by the power part, and when the sleeve is moved to be close to the underwater rock, the drill bit is close to the underwater rock at the same time.
9. The process of underwater expansion cracking of rock of claim 8, wherein the power unit is fixed to a ship, one end of the initiation line is located on the ship, and after completion of step S3 and before start of step S4, the ship is driven away from the water opposite to the cracking zone with the end of the initiation line.
10. The process for underwater expansion cracking of rock by gas-induced cracking of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein before step S1, the process further comprises the following steps: setting a drilling center point of the surface of the underwater rock as a point A to determine an underwater drilling position, and in step S1, when the sleeve is moved to be close to the underwater rock, an axial center of the sleeve faces the point A, and an axial center of the drill bit faces the point A to drill the fracture hole.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010274960.2A CN111472776A (en) | 2020-04-09 | 2020-04-09 | Underwater expansion rock cracking construction process of gas-induced cracking pipe |
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| CN202010274960.2A CN111472776A (en) | 2020-04-09 | 2020-04-09 | Underwater expansion rock cracking construction process of gas-induced cracking pipe |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114877753A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-08-09 | 广西新港湾工程有限公司 | Underwater carbon dioxide rock breaking pipe and using method |
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