CN111471904B - Processing technology of ultra-wide 6061 aluminum alloy plate for military test detection platform - Google Patents
Processing technology of ultra-wide 6061 aluminum alloy plate for military test detection platform Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
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- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy manufacturing, and relates to a processing technology of an ultra-wide 6061 aluminum alloy plate for a military test detection platform, wherein aluminum alloy raw materials are mixed according to the weight percentage, namely Si: 0.63-0.69%, Fe: 0.45-0.55%, Cu: 0.2-0.3%, Mn: 0.08-0.12%, Mg: 1.05-1.15%, Zn is less than or equal to 0.1%, Ti: 0.013-0.02%, Zr is less than or equal to 0.05%, single impurities are less than or equal to 0.05%, the total amount is less than or equal to 0.15%, and the balance is Al, idle rolling passes are added in the hot rolling process, the plate is cooled through a rolling mill blowing device during idle rolling so as to achieve the purpose of uniformly and slowly reducing the finish rolling temperature, waist collapse caused by too wide plate width is avoided, and the problems that the contradiction among the plate width, the plate flatness and the machining deformation of the ultra-wide 6061 aluminum alloy plate prepared by the existing machining process is prominent, and the customer requirements are difficult to meet are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy manufacturing, relates to a processing technology of an ultra-wide 6061 aluminum alloy plate for a military test detection platform, and particularly relates to a processing technology of an ultra-wide 6061 aluminum alloy medium plate for a military test detection platform with the thickness of 60-90 mm.
Background
With the continuous development of modern industry, aluminum alloy is widely used in industry due to its characteristics of high strength, good toughness, good heat resistance, excellent formability, damage resistance and the like. In particular, it is widely used for testing and inspecting platforms because of its excellent conductivity, corrosion resistance and weldability. For the military test detection platform, the ultra-wide range of more than four meters is required, the requirement on transverse and longitudinal flatness is also high, the internal stress is required to be released fully, the purpose of controllable or even non-deformable deformation after processing is achieved, and the stability and reliability of the platform in use are ensured.
At present, due to the capability of casting equipment and process technology, the maximum width of an aluminum flat ingot is more than two meters, the process of firstly cross rolling and then longitudinally rolling is mostly adopted for producing wide plates, and the mode of sawing the cast ingot to be 4000-4300 mm long and wide and rotating 90 degrees for directly cross rolling is mostly adopted for producing over-wide plates of more than four meters. The mode of firstly longitudinally rolling and then transversely rolling or directly transversely rolling well solves the requirement on width, but the T6/T651 state is generally required by customers of 6-series aluminum alloy such as 6061, deformation and residual large internal stress can be generated in the subsequent solution quenching process, and the problems of the required flatness and the use condition with high processing deformation are all in urgent need of solution. The contradiction between the width of the plate in a supply state of 6 series T6/T651 with the width more than 2000mm, particularly more than 4000mm, and the flatness and the internal stress is particularly outstanding.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a processing technology of an ultra-wide 6061 aluminum alloy plate for a military test detection platform, which aims to solve the problems that the width of the plate, the flatness of the plate and the processing deformation are contradictory and outstanding and the requirements of customers are difficult to meet in the ultra-wide 6061 aluminum alloy plate prepared by the existing processing technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a processing technology of an ultra-wide 6061 aluminum alloy plate for a military test detection platform, which comprises the following steps:
A. preparing materials: the aluminum alloy raw materials for preparing the aluminum alloy plate are proportioned according to the weight percentage, namely: si: 0.63-0.69%, Fe: 0.45-0.55%, Cu: 0.2-0.3%, Mn: 0.08-0.12%, Mg: 1.05-1.15%, Zn is less than or equal to 0.1%, Ti: 0.013-0.02%, Zr is less than or equal to 0.05%, single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05%, the total amount is less than or equal to 0.15%, and the balance is Al;
B. casting: placing the prepared aluminum alloy raw material into a smelting furnace to be smelted into liquid aluminum alloy, guiding molten aluminum into a refining furnace from the smelting furnace after slagging-off and filtering, refining, degassing and deslagging by the refining furnace, and casting the molten aluminum into aluminum alloy ingots;
C. homogenizing: carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the aluminum alloy ingot in a soaking furnace, wherein the homogenization heat treatment process comprises the following steps: heating the aluminum alloy ingot to 530-565 ℃, and preserving heat for 6-12 h;
D. sawing and milling the surface: sawing and milling the aluminum alloy ingot subjected to the homogenization heat treatment, removing a dummy ingot head and a sprue gate end of the ingot, and milling off a solidified shell layer on the surface of the ingot;
E. ingot casting and heating: placing the aluminum alloy ingot subjected to saw cutting and surface milling in a heating furnace for heating, wherein the temperature of the heating furnace is 480-520 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-18 h;
F. hot rolling: discharging the aluminum alloy ingot after heating and heat preservation for hot rolling, wherein the rolling pass is 20-21, the rolling reduction of the first 5 passes is 20-32 mm and gradually increases along with the pass, the rolling reduction of the middle 5-6 passes is 30-50 mm and gradually increases along with the pass, the rolling reduction of the last 10 passes is 50-18 mm and gradually decreases along with the pass, the rolling and the idle rolling are alternately performed for the last 10 passes, the plate is cooled by a rolling mill blowing device during the idle rolling so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the final rolling temperature of the plate, and the final rolling temperature of the plate is controlled to be 200-310 ℃;
G. sawing: cutting off the edge defects of the hot-rolled aluminum alloy plate, and reserving sufficient trimming amount for a finished product;
H. solution quenching: placing the sawed aluminum alloy plate in a roller hearth furnace for solution treatment, wherein the solution temperature is 535-565 ℃, the heat preservation time is 120-165 min, quenching and discharging are carried out after the heat preservation is finished, and the deformation is controlled under the condition that the aluminum alloy plate is completely quenched by uniformly and symmetrically spraying water by adjusting the water pressure during quenching;
I. stretching and straightening: placing the aluminum alloy plate subjected to solution quenching treatment in a stretching machine set for stretching treatment within 4 hours, wherein the stretching rate is controlled to be 2.8-3.0%;
J. aging: and (3) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy plate after stretching and straightening, wherein the aging temperature is 160-180 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 8-15 h, so as to obtain a 6061 aluminum alloy plate finished product.
And further, step B, sequentially putting the prepared aluminum alloy raw materials into a smelting furnace for smelting, refining and covering by using a flux, starting stirring when molten aluminum appears in the furnace, uniformly stirring, smelting into liquid aluminum alloy, smelting at the temperature of 730-750 ℃, pouring the smelted aluminum alloy melt into a refining furnace for refining, wherein the refining temperature is 720-740 ℃, the refining time is 20min, standing the refined aluminum alloy melt at 720 +/-5 ℃ for 20min, introducing high-purity argon into the refined aluminum alloy melt, stirring the melt, removing impurity gases in the aluminum alloy melt, and filtering the degassed aluminum alloy melt by using a foamed ceramic filter plate with the aperture of more than or equal to 50ppi, wherein the filtering temperature is 720 +/-5 ℃.
Further, the heating furnace in the step E is a pusher-type heating furnace.
And furthermore, after the surface is sawed and milled in the step E, the thickness of the aluminum alloy ingot is 595-615 mm, and the length of the aluminum alloy ingot is 5-5.5 m.
And further, the hot rolling in the step F adopts a cross rolling mode.
And further, preheating the roller before rolling in the step F to enable the roller to be at the working temperature, and polishing and cleaning the roller before rolling the wide material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the processing technology of the ultra-wide 6061 aluminum alloy plate for the military test detection platform, disclosed by the invention, the length of an aluminum alloy ingot is controlled within 5-5.5 m as much as possible by controlling the casting technology, so that the residual length after the ingot is sawn at the dummy head and the sprue gate end is just the required width, and the problem of excessive sawing waste of the ingot is avoided. And a blank rolling pass is added in the hot rolling process, and the plate is cooled by a blowing device of the rolling mill during blank rolling so as to achieve the purpose of uniformly and slowly reducing the finish rolling temperature and avoid waist collapse caused by too wide width of the plate. Meanwhile, the plate is uniformly quenched through adjusting the roller hearth furnace quenching process, and the elongation in the stretching process is increased, so that the internal stress of the plate is fully released. The plate has ultra-wide plate width through proper process combination, and simultaneously has excellent mechanical property, good flatness and processability.
2. The invention discloses a processing technology of an ultra-wide 6061 aluminum alloy plate for a military test detection platform, which is used for controlling the final rolling temperature, increasing idle rolling passes among each pass, cooling cast ingots by adjusting the rolling passes and increasing the idle rolling, and reducing the temperature to prevent the plate from collapsing due to too wide width. The technical effect of alternation of the idle rolling and the common rolling is to accelerate the temperature reduction, and mainly comprises (1) lubricating emulsion is sprayed on the plate as usual although no reduction is generated during the idle rolling, and the temperature of the plate can be reduced by utilizing the emulsion; (2) the temperature is reduced by strong wind at the inlet of the rolling mill during the idle rolling process. For the plate with the wide specification, the normal finish rolling temperature can generate the defect of waist collapse, and the temperature is controlled within the required range to ensure the flatness of the plate.
3. The invention discloses a processing technology of an ultra-wide 6061 aluminum alloy plate for a military test detection platform, which is a processing method capable of ensuring good flatness of a plate shape and sufficient release of internal stress, simplifies the processing technology of the ultra-wide aluminum alloy plate, improves the production efficiency, and ensures that a used product with higher requirements on flatness and internal stress removal is not limited by width any more.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Examples
A technology for processing ultra-wide 6061 aluminum alloy plates for military test detection platforms comprises the following steps:
A. preparing materials: the aluminum alloy raw materials for preparing the aluminum alloy plate are proportioned according to the weight percentage, namely
B. Casting: the method comprises the following steps of putting prepared aluminum alloy raw materials into a smelting furnace in sequence for smelting, refining and covering by using a flux, starting stirring when molten aluminum appears in the furnace, smelting the molten aluminum into liquid aluminum alloy after uniform stirring, wherein the smelting temperature is 730-750 ℃, pouring the smelted aluminum alloy melt into a refining furnace for refining, the refining temperature is 720-740 ℃, the refining time is 20min, standing the refined aluminum alloy melt at 720 +/-5 ℃ for 20min, introducing high-purity argon into the refined aluminum alloy melt, stirring the melt, removing impurity gases in the aluminum alloy melt, filtering the degassed aluminum alloy melt by a foamed ceramic filter plate with the aperture being more than or equal to 50ppi, and casting the aluminum alloy melt into an aluminum alloy ingot at the filtering temperature of 720 +/-5 ℃;
C. homogenizing: carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the aluminum alloy ingot in a soaking furnace, wherein the homogenization heat treatment process comprises the following steps: heating the aluminum alloy ingot to 560 ℃, and preserving heat for 8 hours;
D. sawing and milling the surface: sawing and milling the aluminum alloy ingot subjected to the homogenization heat treatment, removing a dummy ingot head and a gate end of the ingot, sawing the ingot to a length of 4200mm, milling a solidified shell layer on the surface of the ingot, wherein the thickness of the aluminum alloy ingot is 613 mm;
E. ingot casting and heating: placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot with the sawed and milled surface in a push type heating furnace for heating, wherein the temperature of the heating furnace is 480 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12 hours;
F. hot rolling: the aluminum alloy ingot after heating and heat preservation is taken out of the furnace for hot rolling, the roller is preheated before rolling, the roller is at the working temperature, the roller is polished and cleaned before rolling a wide material, the work of rolling a wide plate can not be arranged after rolling a narrow material, black wires and black lines are avoided, and the surface quality is guaranteed. The hot rolling adopts a cross rolling mode, the rolling passes are 21 times, wherein the rolling reduction of the first 5 passes is gradually increased along with the passes, the rolling reduction of the middle 6 passes is gradually increased along with the passes, the rolling reduction of the last 10 passes is gradually reduced along with the passes, the rolling and the idle rolling are alternately carried out for the last 10 passes, the plate is cooled by a rolling mill blowing device during the idle rolling so as to realize the purpose of reducing the final rolling temperature of the plate, and the final rolling temperature of the plate is controlled to be 290 ℃;
the hot rolling passes, the rolling reduction and the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate after each pass of rolling are as follows:
G. sawing: cutting off the edge defects of the hot-rolled aluminum alloy plate by a large saw, and reserving sufficient trimming amount for a finished product;
H. solution quenching: placing the sawed aluminum alloy plate in a roller hearth furnace for solution treatment, wherein the solution temperature is 560 ℃, the heat preservation time is 165min, quenching and discharging the aluminum alloy plate after the heat preservation is finished, and controlling the deformation amount under the condition of ensuring the aluminum alloy plate to be completely quenched by uniformly and symmetrically spraying water by adjusting the water pressure during quenching, wherein the water pressure parameter is as follows: HP1.6bar, LP0.8bar, QSP10m/min, HPP150 mm;
I. stretching and straightening: placing the aluminum alloy plates subjected to the solution quenching treatment in a stretching machine set at an interval of 3.5h for stretching treatment, wherein the stretching rate is controlled to be 2.9%;
J. aging: and (3) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy plate after stretching and straightening, wherein the aging temperature is 170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12h, so as to obtain a 6061 aluminum alloy plate finished product.
Comparative example
The comparative example differs from the example in that step D saws the ingot to a length of 2000 mm.
And F, hot rolling in the step F adopts a transverse rolling mode, the rolling passes are 21, the reduction of the first 5 passes is gradually increased along with the passes, the reduction of the middle 6 passes is gradually increased along with the passes, the reduction of the last 10 passes is gradually reduced along with the passes, and the final rolling temperature of the plate is 290 ℃.
The mechanical property test results of the aluminum alloy plates prepared in the examples and the comparative examples are shown in the table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the mechanical properties of the ultra-wide aluminum alloy plate prepared by the method can meet the production requirements, and the mechanical properties are not worse than those of the existing plate with the width of 2000mm, so that the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy plate prepared by the processing technology disclosed by the invention are not influenced by the widening of the plate width.
The flatness test results of the aluminum alloy plates prepared in the examples and the comparative examples are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2
| Transverse direction | Longitudinal direction | ||
| GB/T3880 | Finished product specification | ≤0.2％ | ≤0.2％ |
| Examples | 61*4200*9200 | Full width direction less than 5mm | 0.015％ |
| Comparative example | 63*2000*4200 | Full width direction less than 3mm | 0.014％ |
As can be seen from table 2, the flatness of the ultra-wide aluminum alloy plate prepared by the method is well controlled, the longitudinal flatness is good, the transverse flatness can still be smaller than 5mm in the ultra-wide direction of 4200mm, (the smaller value of 5mm is a value measured by an integral feeler gauge in the full-width range, which is equivalent to 5/4200 ═ 0.119%, and meets the requirement of not more than 0.2% in the GB/T3880 standard, and is superior to the result of 3/2000 ═ 0.15% in the comparative example), and the flatness is well controlled by adjusting the quenching parameters and increasing the stretching amount.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The processing technology of the ultra-wide 6061 aluminum alloy plate for the military test detection platform is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A. preparing materials: the aluminum alloy raw materials for preparing the aluminum alloy plate are proportioned according to the weight percentage, namely: si: 0.63-0.69%, Fe: 0.45-0.55%, Cu: 0.2-0.3%, Mn: 0.08-0.12%, Mg: 1.05-1.15%, Zn is less than or equal to 0.1%, Ti: 0.013-0.02%, Zr is less than or equal to 0.05%, single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05%, the total amount is less than or equal to 0.15%, and the balance is Al;
B. casting: placing the prepared aluminum alloy raw material into a smelting furnace to be smelted into liquid aluminum alloy, guiding molten aluminum into a refining furnace from the smelting furnace after slagging-off and filtering, refining, degassing and deslagging by the refining furnace, and casting the molten aluminum into aluminum alloy ingots;
C. homogenizing: carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the aluminum alloy ingot in a soaking furnace, wherein the homogenization heat treatment process comprises the following steps: heating the aluminum alloy ingot to 530-565 ℃, and preserving heat for 6-12 h;
D. sawing and milling the surface: sawing and milling the aluminum alloy ingot subjected to the homogenization heat treatment, removing a dummy ingot head and a sprue gate end of the ingot, and milling off a solidified shell layer on the surface of the ingot;
E. ingot casting and heating: placing the aluminum alloy ingot subjected to saw cutting and surface milling in a heating furnace for heating, wherein the temperature of the heating furnace is 480-520 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-18 h;
F. hot rolling: discharging the aluminum alloy ingot after heating and heat preservation for hot rolling, wherein the rolling pass is 20-21, the rolling reduction of the first 5 passes is 20-32 mm and gradually increases along with the pass, the rolling reduction of the middle 5-6 passes is 30-50 mm and gradually increases along with the pass, the rolling reduction of the last 10 passes is 50-18 mm and gradually decreases along with the pass, the rolling and the idle rolling are alternately performed for the last 10 passes, the plate is cooled by a rolling mill blowing device during the idle rolling so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the final rolling temperature of the plate, and the final rolling temperature of the plate is controlled to be 200-310 ℃;
G. sawing: cutting off the edge defects of the hot-rolled aluminum alloy plate, and reserving sufficient trimming amount for a finished product;
H. solution quenching: placing the sawed aluminum alloy plate in a roller hearth furnace for solution treatment, wherein the solution temperature is 535-565 ℃, the heat preservation time is 120-165 min, quenching and discharging are carried out after the heat preservation is finished, and the deformation is controlled under the condition that the aluminum alloy plate is completely quenched by uniformly and symmetrically spraying water by adjusting the water pressure during quenching;
I. stretching and straightening: placing the aluminum alloy plate subjected to solution quenching treatment in a stretching machine set for stretching treatment within 4 hours, wherein the stretching rate is controlled to be 2.8-3.0%;
J. aging: and (3) carrying out aging treatment on the aluminum alloy plate after stretching and straightening, wherein the aging temperature is 160-180 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 8-15 h, so as to obtain a 6061 aluminum alloy plate finished product.
2. The processing technology of an ultra-wide 6061 aluminum alloy plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step B, the prepared aluminum alloy raw materials are sequentially put into a smelting furnace to be smelted, a flux is used for refining and covering, stirring is started when molten aluminum appears in the furnace, the molten aluminum alloy is smelted into liquid aluminum alloy after being stirred uniformly, the smelting temperature is 730-750 ℃, the smelted aluminum alloy melt is poured into a refining furnace to be refined, the refining temperature is 720-740 ℃, the refining time is 20min, the refined aluminum alloy melt is kept stand at 720 +/-5 ℃ for 20min, high-purity argon is introduced into the refined aluminum alloy melt and the melt is stirred to remove impurity gases in the aluminum alloy melt, then the degassed aluminum alloy melt is filtered by a foamed ceramic filter plate with the aperture being more than or equal to 50ppi, and the filtering temperature is 720 +/-5 ℃.
3. The ultra-wide 6061 aluminum alloy sheet processing technology of claim 1, wherein the heating furnace in step E is a pusher furnace.
4. The ultra-wide 6061 aluminum alloy plate processing technology of claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy ingot after sawing and milling in the step E has a thickness of 595-615 mm and a length of 5-5.5 m.
5. The ultra-wide 6061 aluminum alloy plate processing technology of claim 1, wherein the step F hot rolling is cross rolling.
6. The ultra-wide 6061 aluminum alloy sheet processing technology of claim 1, wherein the rolls are preheated before rolling in step F to keep the rolls at operating temperature, and the rolls are ground and cleaned before rolling the wide stock.
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| CN112742871B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2023-03-24 | 广西南南铝加工有限公司 | High-efficiency 6000-series aluminum alloy medium plate hot rolling method |
| CN113369331B (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2023-03-31 | 云南铝业股份有限公司 | Continuous casting and rolling preparation method of 6061 aluminum alloy round rod |
| CN114277269A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-05 | 福建省南平铝业股份有限公司 | Fusion casting method for reducing unmelted phase in 6061 aluminum alloy microstructure |
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