CN111470753A - Sludge treatment agent for improving sludge dehydration rate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sludge treatment agent for improving sludge dehydration rate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/148—Combined use of inorganic and organic substances, being added in the same treatment step
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of sludge treatment, and particularly relates to a sludge treatment agent for improving sludge dehydration rate and a preparation method thereof.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sludge treatment, and particularly relates to a sludge treatment agent for improving the dehydration rate of sludge and a preparation method thereof.
Background
China can generate a large amount of 'three wastes' in the industrial development and production process. The "three wastes" generally refer to waste water, waste gas and solid wastes generated from industrial pollution sources, which may harm the life health of animals, plants and human beings if left untreated during the discharge process, so environmental management becomes one of the hot problems concerned by various countries. In fact, in the process of treating sewage and domestic wastewater, a large amount of sludge-like solid waste is generated, the water content of the sludge-like solid waste is generally up to more than 90%, and the subsequent treatment cannot be better performed due to the huge volume in the treatment process, so that how to reduce the volume of sludge becomes a key point in the current sludge treatment field.
Common treatment methods for sludge dehydration include direct landfill, mechanical-physical filter-press dehydration and chemical treatment agent dehydration. Among them, the direct landfill method is not advocated because it causes secondary pollution to land resources; and mechanical physics filter-pressing dehydration is about to carry out direct dehydration through the mode of filter-pressing with the mud that the moisture content is high, because moisture in the mud exists with the form of colloid bound water mostly, and contain a large amount of tiny granules, specific surface area is great, hydrophilicity is strong and the surface has a large amount of negative charges, consequently, the mud granule leads to mud can't subside the gathering well owing to the mutual repulsion of electrostatic repulsion, consequently dewater not only need consume a large amount of energy to mud through mechanical physics filter-pressing dehydration method, and the mud moisture content after the dehydration does not obtain obvious reduction, economic cost performance is on the low side. Compared with the direct landfill method and the mechanical physical filter pressing dehydration method, the chemical treatment agent dehydration method is the most cost-effective treatment method.
The chemical treatment agent is generally a flocculant which can perform sedimentation and flocculation on sludge with high water content. At present, the commonly used flocculants generally include artificially synthesized flocculants such as polymeric alumina, which are mainly iron salts and aluminum salts represented by inorganic flocculants, and artificially synthesized polymeric organic flocculants such as polyacrylamide, and the two flocculants are widely used due to the advantages of low price, large amount and the like. However, the aluminum salt flocculating agent contains a large amount of trivalent aluminum ions, the treated sludge contains a large amount of wastewater, the trivalent aluminum ions contained in the wastewater can remain in the water, and after being taken by a human body, the wastewater can cause irreversible damage to cranial nerves, so that the early aging of the brain of the human body is caused, and even the senile dementia is suffered in advance; the high-molecular organic flocculant polyacrylamide is difficult to degrade and does not conform to the principle of sustainable development, and even if the high-molecular organic flocculant polyacrylamide can be degraded, toxic acrylamide can be generated during degradation, and after the acrylamide is taken by a human body, a chromosome breaking agent can be generated, chromosome distortion and a neurotoxicity reaction can be induced, and the like. Chinese patent CN 109179933A discloses a sludge treatment agent and a preparation method thereof, wherein the sludge treatment agent is composed of polyacrylamide, zeolite powder, bentonite, talcum powder, carbon fiber and an auxiliary agent. The sludge treatment agent uses polyacrylamide as a flocculating and thickening agent, although the sludge treatment agent can achieve a good treatment effect, the treatment agent uses polyacrylamide, and the flocculating agent which is not easy to degrade has great harm to human health. Therefore, it is very important to provide a sewage treatment agent which is non-toxic, harmless, green and environment-friendly and can improve the sludge dehydration rate.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems of the sludge treatment agent in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the sludge treatment agent for improving the sludge dehydration rate and the preparation method thereof.
The invention provides a sludge treatment agent for improving the dehydration rate of sludge, which comprises the following components, by weight, 10-35 parts of a chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition, 10-53 parts of a silicon adsorbent, 0.05-0.1 part of a nonionic surfactant, 0.1-2 parts of a cationic surfactant, 15-35 parts of a wetting penetrant and 0.5-1.5 parts of citric acid.
Further, the sludge treatment agent for improving the sludge dehydration rate comprises, by weight, 18-25 parts of chitosan- β cyclodextrin, 20-35 parts of a silicon adsorbent, 0.06-0.08 part of a nonionic surfactant, 0.5-1.8 parts of a cationic surfactant, 20-30 parts of a wetting penetrant and 0.8-1.2 parts of citric acid.
Preferably, the sludge treatment agent for improving the sludge dehydration rate comprises 20 parts by weight of chitosan- β cyclodextrin, 28 parts by weight of silicon adsorbent, 0.06 part by weight of nonionic surfactant, 1.6 parts by weight of cationic surfactant, 26 parts by weight of wetting penetrant and 0.9 part by weight of citric acid.
In order to further improve the availability of the treated sludge and reduce the content of heavy metals in the dewatered sludge and the dewatered sludge wastewater, a silicon adsorbent is also added into the sludge treating agent, and the silicon adsorbent is selected from diatomite and/or montmorillonite.
Further, the mass ratio of the diatomite to the montmorillonite is (1.2-4): (0.5-2).
Preferably, the mass ratio of the diatomite to the montmorillonite is 2.5: 1.
further, the nonionic surfactant is selected from one or more of sorbitan fatty acid ester, alkyl glycoside and polysorbate.
Preferably, the nonionic surfactant is selected from the combination of alkyl glycoside and polysorbate, and the mass ratio of the alkyl glycoside to the polysorbate is 1 (1-2.5), preferably 1: 2.
further, the cationic surfactant is cetyltrimethylammonium chloride and/or tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide.
Further, the wetting penetrant is prepared from urea and N-methyl pyrrolidone according to the weight ratio of (0.1-0.8): (2-10) in mass ratio.
Preferably, the wetting penetrant is a mixture of urea and N-methyl pyrrolidone in a ratio of 0.5: 5 in mass ratio.
In addition, the applicant also finds that a simple nonionic surfactant can reduce the surface tension of the water-containing sludge, but the nonionic surfactant cannot greatly change the zeta potential of a colloid system of the nonionic surfactant, and the damage to the colloid stability is not substantially influenced, but when a trace amount of the nonionic surfactant is added into the cationic surfactant, and then the penetration of urea matched with N-methyl pyrrolidone is carried out, compared with the simple cationic surfactant and the nonionic surfactant system, the effect of a wetting agent of a colloid solution can be better improved, and the subsequent secondary colloid treatment is better prevented.
Further, the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition is prepared by the following steps:
s1, carrying out reaction, namely taking chitosan, alkalifying the chitosan in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to obtain a chitosan alkalized solution, taking β cyclodextrin, adding water to dissolve the cyclodextrin to obtain a β cyclodextrin aqueous solution, uniformly mixing the chitosan alkalized solution and the β cyclodextrin aqueous solution, dropwise adding a glutaraldehyde ethanol solution, heating to 80-90 ℃, and carrying out stirring reaction for 80-100 min to obtain a primary precipitate;
and S2, eluting, namely washing the primary precipitate in the step S1 with water until the pH value is 6.5-7.0, washing with absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone respectively, performing suction filtration, and performing vacuum drying to obtain the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition.
Further, the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to water in the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 35-45%, and the volume ratio of glutaraldehyde to ethanol in the glutaraldehyde ethanol solution is 30-35%.
Preferably, the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to water in the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 45%, and the volume ratio of glutaraldehyde to ethanol in the glutaraldehyde ethanol solution is 30%.
Further, the prepared chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition has a molecular weight of 11 × 105-16×105。
The invention also provides a preparation method of the sludge treatment agent with high sludge dehydration rate, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s3, microencapsulating, namely taking a non-ionic surfactant and a cationic surfactant in formula amounts to obtain a premixed surfactant composition, taking a chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition and a wetting penetrant in formula amounts, adding the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition into the wetting penetrant, keeping stirring at a rotating speed of 2500-3000 r/min, dripping the premixed surfactant composition, stirring for 10-30 min, and adjusting the pH value to 4.5-5.5 by using citric acid to obtain a microencapsulated composition;
s4, mixing the microencapsulated composition with a silicon adsorbent in a formula amount.
Preferably, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s3, microencapsulating, namely taking a non-ionic surfactant and a cationic surfactant in formula amounts to obtain a premixed surfactant composition, taking a chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition and a wetting penetrant in formula amounts, adding the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition into the wetting penetrant, keeping stirring at the rotating speed of 2600r/min, dripping the premixed surfactant composition, stirring for 20min, and adjusting the pH value to 5 by using citric acid to obtain a microencapsulated composition;
s4, mixing the microencapsulated composition with a silicon adsorbent in a formula amount.
The applicant finds that the pH value of a composition formed by the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition, the wetting penetrant and the surfactant is adjusted to 4.5-5.5 by using citric acid, so that the sludge dewatering effect is increased, probably because the acidic medium is more beneficial to the destruction of a colloid structure, and further the sludge dewatering rate is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the sludge treatment agent for improving the sludge dehydration rate and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention obtains the sludge treating agent with high sludge dehydration rate by adopting cationic surfactant such as hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride or tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, nonionic surfactant, wetting penetrant and modified chitosan- β cyclodextrin with a macromolecular flocculation structure, and can well destroy the stability of colloid in sludge, prevent colloidal solution from being restabilized and improve the dehydration rate of sludge by adding the cationic surfactant, a trace amount of nonionic surfactant and wetting penetrant.
(2) According to the invention, the pH value of the composition formed by the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition, the wetting penetrant and the surfactant is adjusted to 4.5-5.5 by using citric acid, so that a synergistic effect is formed among the sludge treatment agent compositions, the dehydration performance of sludge is better improved, and the application prospect is good.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following description of specific embodiments, which are not intended to limit the invention, and various modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art based on the basic idea of the invention, but within the scope of the invention, without departing from the basic idea of the invention. In the present invention, the method for treating the sludge to be treated with the sludge treatment agent is not particularly limited, and a method known to those skilled in the art may be used. The type of the sludge to be treated is not particularly limited, and the sludge to be treated can be specifically excess sludge formed in the treatment process of industrial wastewater or municipal domestic sewage.
The following examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions, and the reagents used therein, in which the reagents are not specified by manufacturers, were all conventional products commercially available.
Example 1
The sludge treatment agent for improving the sludge dehydration rate in embodiment 1 comprises, by weight, 10 parts of chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition, 10 parts of diatomite, 0.05 part of alkyl glycoside, 0.1 part of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, 15 parts of wetting penetrant and 0.5 part of citric acid, wherein the wetting penetrant is formed by mixing urea and N-methylpyrrolidone according to a mass ratio of 0.1: 2, and the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition is prepared by alkalizing chitosan in 35 wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to obtain chitosan alkalized solution, taking β cyclodextrin and dissolving the chitosan alkalized solution in water to obtain β cyclodextrin aqueous solution, uniformly mixing the chitosan alkalized solution and the β cyclodextrin aqueous solution, then dropwise adding 30 v% glutaraldehyde ethanol solution, heating to 80 ℃, stirring and reacting for 100min to obtain primary precipitate, washing the primary precipitate with water to a pH of 6.5, then respectively carrying out anhydrous ethanol and acetone drying in vacuum, and obtaining a washing molecular weight of 11 × 10 molecular weight, and carrying out suction filtration to obtain 3611 molecular weight5～16×105The chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition of (a).
Embodiment 1 also provides a method for preparing a sludge treatment agent for improving the dehydration rate of sludge, comprising the following steps:
(1) taking chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition and wetting penetrant, adding the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition into the wetting penetrant, keeping stirring at the rotating speed of 3000r/min, dripping the premixed surfactant composition, stirring for 10min, and adjusting the pH to 5.5 by using citric acid to obtain a microencapsulated composition;
(2) and mixing the microencapsulated composition with the diatomite according to the formula amount to obtain the composite.
The using method comprises the following steps:
the experimental environment temperature is kept at 25 ℃, the sludge treatment agent of the embodiment 1 with the mass of 10% of the sludge is added into the sludge to be treated, the sludge is rapidly stirred for 30s at the rotating speed of 200r/min, then stirred for 10min at the rotating speed of 100r/min, and then kept stand for 30min, and then the test is carried out.
Example 2
The sludge treatment agent for improving the sludge dehydration rate of embodiment 2 comprises, by weight, 35 parts of chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition, 53 parts of montmorillonite, 0.1 part of polysorbate, 2 parts of tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, 35 parts of wetting penetrant and 1.5 parts of citric acid, wherein the wetting penetrant is formed by mixing urea and N-methyl pyrrolidone according to a mass ratio of 0.8: 10, and the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition is prepared by alkalizing chitosan in 45 wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to obtain chitosan alkalized solution, taking β cyclodextrin to dissolve to obtain β cyclodextrin aqueous solution, mixing the chitosan alkalized solution and the β cyclodextrin aqueous solution uniformly, adding 35 v% glutaraldehyde ethanol solution dropwise, heating to 90 ℃, stirring for reaction for 80min to obtain primary precipitate, washing the primary precipitate with water to a pH of 7.0, then performing anhydrous ethanol and acetone respectively, and performing vacuum drying to obtain a washing solution, and performing suction filtration on the primary precipitate to obtain 11 × 10 molecular weight of the precipitate at 105～16×105The chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition of (a).
Embodiment 2 also provides a method for preparing a sludge treatment agent for improving the dehydration rate of sludge, comprising the following steps:
(1) taking chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition and wetting penetrant, adding the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition into the wetting penetrant, keeping stirring at the rotating speed of 2500r/min, dripping the premixed surfactant composition, stirring for 30min, and adjusting the pH value to 4.5 by using citric acid to obtain a microencapsulated composition;
(2) mixing the microencapsulated composition with montmorillonite according to the formula amount to obtain the montmorillonite composite microcapsule.
The using method comprises the following steps:
the experimental environment temperature is kept at 25 ℃, the sludge treatment agent of the embodiment 2 with the mass of 10% of the sludge is added into the sludge to be treated, the mixture is rapidly stirred for 30s at the rotating speed of 200r/min, then stirred for 10min at the rotating speed of 100r/min, and then kept stand for 30min, and then the test is carried out.
Example 3
20 parts of chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition, 28 parts of diatomite and montmorillonite composition, 0.06 part of alkyl glycoside and polysorbate composition, 1.6 parts of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 26 parts of wetting penetrant and 0.9 part of citric acid, wherein the mass ratio of diatomite to montmorillonite in the diatomite and montmorillonite composition is 1.2: 2, the mass ratio of alkyl glycoside to polysorbate in the alkyl glycoside and polysorbate composition is 1: 1, the wetting penetrant is formed by mixing urea and N-methyl pyrrolidone according to the mass ratio of 0.5: 5, the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition is prepared by alkalizing chitosan in 45 wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to obtain chitosan alkalized solution, taking β cyclodextrin, adding water to dissolve the chitosan alkalized solution to obtain β cyclodextrin aqueous solution, uniformly mixing the chitosan alkalized solution and the β cyclodextrin aqueous solution, adding 30 v% of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to obtain 30 v% of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, stirring the mixture for 80min, heating the mixture to 80 v% of ethanol, washing the mixture to obtain initial precipitate, heating the initial precipitate, washing the initial precipitate with water, drying, and carrying out vacuum filtration to obtain β acetone washing reaction product, and drying the initial precipitate, wherein the initial precipitation is carried out5～16×105The chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition of (a).
Embodiment 3 also provides a method for preparing a sludge treatment agent for improving the dehydration rate of sludge, comprising the following steps:
(1) taking chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition and wetting penetrant, adding the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition into the wetting penetrant, keeping stirring at the rotating speed of 3000r/min, dripping the premixed surfactant composition, stirring for 10min, and adjusting the pH to 5 by using citric acid to obtain a microencapsulated composition;
(2) mixing the microencapsulated composition with the diatomite and montmorillonite composition according to the formula amount to obtain the composite material.
The using method comprises the following steps:
the experimental environment temperature is kept at 25 ℃, the sludge treatment agent of the embodiment 3 with the mass of 10% of the sludge is added into the sludge to be treated, the mixture is rapidly stirred for 30s at the rotating speed of 200r/min, then stirred for 10min at the rotating speed of 100r/min, and then kept stand for 30min, and then the test is carried out.
Example 4
20 parts of chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition, 28 parts of diatomite and montmorillonite composition, 0.06 part of alkyl glycoside and polysorbate composition, 1.6 parts of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, 26 parts of wetting penetrant and 0.9 part of citric acid, wherein the mass ratio of diatomite to montmorillonite in the diatomite and montmorillonite composition is 2.5: 1, the mass ratio of alkyl glycoside to polysorbate in the alkyl glycoside and polysorbate composition is 1: 1, the wetting penetrant is formed by mixing urea and N-methyl pyrrolidone according to the mass ratio of 1: 2, the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition is prepared by alkalizing chitosan in 35 wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to obtain chitosan alkalized solution, taking β cyclodextrin, adding water to dissolve the chitosan alkalized solution to obtain β cyclodextrin aqueous solution, uniformly adding 30 v% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to the chitosan alkalized solution, stirring the mixture for min to obtain 80min, heating the obtained solution to 80 ℃ to obtain 80 alcohol-free precipitate, washing the precipitate, drying the obtained alcohol-80 acetone-acetone aqueous solution, heating the obtained alcohol-80 acetone aqueous solution to obtain 80 acetone-free precipitate, and filtering the obtained alcohol-acetone aqueous solution to obtain a mixture, and drying the alcohol- β primary precipitate, and drying the obtained product5～16×105The chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition of (a).
Embodiment 4 also provides a method for preparing a sludge treatment agent for improving the dehydration rate of sludge, comprising the following steps:
(1) taking chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition and wetting penetrant, adding the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition into the wetting penetrant, keeping stirring at the rotating speed of 3000r/min, dripping the premixed surfactant composition, stirring for 10min, and adjusting the pH to 5 by using citric acid to obtain a microencapsulated composition;
(2) mixing the microencapsulated composition with the diatomite and montmorillonite composition according to the formula amount to obtain the composite material.
The using method comprises the following steps:
the experimental environment temperature is kept at 25 ℃, the sludge treatment agent of the embodiment 4 with the mass of 10% of the sludge is added into the sludge to be treated, the mixture is rapidly stirred for 30s at the rotating speed of 200r/min, then stirred for 10min at the rotating speed of 100r/min, and then kept stand for 30min, and then the test is carried out.
Comparative example 1
The sludge treatment agent of comparative example 1 and the preparation method thereof were the same as those shown in example 4 except that the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition of example 4 was replaced with polyacrylamide, and the contents of the remaining components and the preparation method of the sludge treatment agent were the same as those shown in example 4, namely, the sludge treatment agent of comparative example 1 comprises, by weight, 20 parts of polyacrylamide, 28 parts of a diatomaceous earth and montmorillonite composition, 0.06 part of an alkyl glycoside and polysorbate composition, 1.6 parts of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, 26 parts of a wetting penetrant, and 0.9 part of citric acid, wherein the mass ratio of diatomaceous earth and montmorillonite in the diatomaceous earth and montmorillonite composition is 2.5: 1, the mass ratio of alkyl glycoside to polysorbate in the polysorbate composition is 1: 1, and the wetting penetrant consists of urea and N-methylpyrrolidone in a mass ratio of 1: 2.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing alkyl glycoside with a formula amount, a polysorbate composition and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride to obtain a premixed surfactant composition; and (2) taking polyacrylamide and a wetting penetrating agent according to the formula amount, adding the polyacrylamide into the wetting penetrating agent, keeping stirring at the rotating speed of 3000r/min, dripping the premixed surfactant composition, stirring for 10min, adjusting the pH value to 5 by using citric acid, and mixing with the diatomite and montmorillonite composition to obtain the composite.
The using method comprises the following steps:
keeping the experimental environment temperature at 25 ℃, adding the sludge treatment agent of comparative example 1 with the mass of 10% of sludge into the sludge to be treated, quickly stirring for 30s at the rotating speed of 200r/min, then stirring for 10min at the rotating speed of 100r/min, then standing for 30min, and then testing.
Comparative example 2
The sludge treatment agent of comparative example 2 was prepared without adding the alkyl glycoside, polysorbate composition and wetting penetrant, and the contents of the remaining components were the same as those shown in example 4.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
mixing the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride with the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition water solution according to the formula amount, stirring for 10min, adjusting the pH to 5 by using citric acid, and mixing with the diatomite and montmorillonite composition to obtain the composite montmorillonite-montmorillonite composite.
The using method comprises the following steps:
keeping the experimental environment temperature at 25 ℃, adding the sludge treatment agent of comparative example 2 with the mass of 10% of sludge into the sludge to be treated, quickly stirring for 30s at the rotating speed of 200r/min, then stirring for 10min at the rotating speed of 100r/min, then standing for 30min, and then testing.
Comparative example 3
The sludge treatment agent of comparative example 3 was prepared without adding the alkyl glycoside and polysorbate composition, and the contents of the remaining components were the same as those shown in example 4.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
taking hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride with formula amount, taking chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition and wetting penetrant with formula amount, adding the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition into the wetting penetrant, keeping stirring at a rotating speed of 3000r/min, dripping the hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, stirring for 10min, adjusting the pH to 5 by using citric acid to obtain a microencapsulated composition, and then mixing the microencapsulated composition with the diatomite and montmorillonite composition with formula amount to obtain the diatomite and montmorillonite composite.
The using method comprises the following steps:
keeping the experimental environment temperature at 25 ℃, adding the sludge treatment agent of comparative example 3 with the mass of 10% of sludge into the sludge to be treated, quickly stirring for 30s at the rotating speed of 200r/min, then stirring for 10min at the rotating speed of 100r/min, then standing for 30min, and then testing.
Comparative example 4
The sludge treatment agent of comparative example 4 does not contain citric acid, and since citric acid is not added, citric acid is not used to adjust the pH during the preparation process.
The using method comprises the following steps:
keeping the experimental environment temperature at 25 ℃, adding the sludge treatment agent of comparative example 4 with the mass of 10% of sludge into the sludge to be treated, quickly stirring for 30s at the rotating speed of 200r/min, then stirring for 10min at the rotating speed of 100r/min, then standing for 30min, and then testing.
Test example 1 measurement of water content of sludge cake and sludge index
The sludge treatment agents of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4 of the invention and a control group (sludge is not treated by the sludge treatment agent) are taken to carry out a test of a water content of a filter cake of sludge (the pH of the experimental sludge is approximately equal to 6.7), and as the sludge contains a large amount of surface adsorption water and the water content of the sludge is very high, the more the sludge is dewatered, the lower the water content of the sludge filter cake is, so the higher the water content of the sludge filter cake is, the sludge index refers to a sludge volume index (m L/g), which generally refers to the volume of the precipitated sludge corresponding to 1g of dry sludge after the sludge mixed liquid at the outlet of an aeration tank is subjected to standing and precipitation for 30min, and the sludge index can represent the coagulation and sedimentation performance of the sludge treatment agent.
The method for testing the water content of the sludge filter cake comprises the following steps: putting the clean culture dish into an oven, drying to constant weight, putting the culture dish into a dryer, cooling to room temperature, weighing the weight of the culture dish at the moment, and recording the weight as W0Then 100g of the wet cake after suction filtration under reduced pressure is placed in a dried and cooled petri dish, weighed and the weight is recorded as W1Then culture medium filled with wet filter cake after vacuum filtrationPlacing the culture dish into an oven to be dried for 5 hours, taking out the culture dish, placing the culture dish into a dryer to be cooled to room temperature, weighing the culture dish, and recording the weight as W2And calculating to obtain the water content of the sludge filter cake, wherein the water content of the sludge filter cake is calculated according to the following formula: water content of sludge filter cake [ [ (W)1-W2)/(W1-W0)]×100％。
The sludge index testing method comprises the following steps: preparing a culture dish with dried constant weight, weighing, and recording the weight as m0Then, pouring the sludge (the pH of the experimental sludge is approximately equal to 6.7) treated by adding the sludge treatment agent into a measuring cylinder, standing for 30min to obtain a precipitate, reading the volume of the sludge precipitated at the moment through the scale of the measuring cylinder, recording the volume as V, then carrying out vacuum filtration on the sludge in the measuring cylinder, taking out a filter cake, putting the filter cake into a culture dish dried to constant weight, drying to constant weight, putting the culture dish into a dryer, cooling to room temperature, weighing, recording the weight as m1The sludge index is calculated according to the following formula: sludge index is V/(m)1-m0). The experimental data of the water content of the sludge filter cake and the sludge index after the sludge treatment agent treats the sludge are shown in the table 2:
TABLE 1 Water content of sludge cake and sludge index after sludge treatment with the sludge treating agent of the present invention
Generally speaking, the surface of the sludge is colloid particles with negative charges, the particles are finer, and therefore the specific surface area is very large, so that the surface of the sludge can easily adsorb water, the water is generally combined water or interstitial water inside a colloid structure, the water content of the sludge is very high, the stable colloid structure can be damaged due to the addition of the sludge treatment agent, the sludge can be more easily subjected to sedimentation treatment, namely, the water adsorbed on the surface of the sludge particles is changed into free water which can be more easily separated, and therefore, a better dewatering effect can be realized. Therefore, the higher the dehydration rate is, the lower the water content of the cake after the vacuum filtration is, and the lower the water content of the cake after the vacuum filtration is, the better the dehydration performance of the sludge treatment agent is. The sludge index is an index for representing the sludge settling performance, and the smaller the numerical value is, the better the settling performance of the sludge is.
From table 1, the water content of the sludge filter cake after the filtration of the untreated sludge (control group) is 84.31%, the sludge index is 86.45m L/g, which are higher than the water content and the sludge index after the treatment of the sludge treatment agent in the examples 1 to 4 and the comparative examples 1 to 4 of the invention, the water content of the sludge filter cake after the treatment of the sludge treatment agent in the examples 1 to 4 of the invention is 69.47% to 73.64%, and the sludge index is 65.68 to 69.91m L/g, wherein the example 4 is the best example of the invention, and the water content and the sludge index are both obviously reduced compared with the control group.
The sludge treatment agent and the preparation method thereof in the comparative example 1 are that the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition in the example 4 is replaced by polyacrylamide, and the content of the other components and the preparation method of the sludge treatment agent are the same as those shown in the example 4, from the table 1, the water content and the sludge index of the sludge filter cake are respectively 78.89% and 81.16m L/g, which are higher than those of the example 4 of the invention, which is probably because the sludge treatment agent prepared from the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition has larger sedimentation volume and looser structure after treatment, and therefore occupies a larger space, so that the dewatering effect is better, while the sludge treatment agent prepared from polyacrylamide has dispersed structure, and the sludge particles after gel breaking are not well aggregated, so that the sedimentation performance is larger, so that the water content and the sludge index of the filter cake are higher than those of the example 4.
The sludge treatment agent of comparative example 2 was prepared without adding the alkyl glycoside, polysorbate composition and wetting penetrant, and the contents of the remaining components were the same as those shown in example 4; the sludge treatment agent of comparative example 3 was the same as that of example 4 without adding the alkyl glycoside and polysorbate composition, and the results of table 1 showed that the sludge cake water content and sludge index of comparative examples 2 and 3 were higher than those of the formulation of example 4 of the present invention, which indicates that the cationic surfactant, the trace amount of nonionic surfactant and the wetting penetrant can cooperate synergistically, the stability of colloid in sludge can be well deteriorated, and more excellent dewatering performance can be obtained.
The sludge treatment agent of the comparative example 4 is not added with citric acid, the water content of the sludge filter cake and the sludge index are respectively 76.35 percent and 77.22m L/g which are higher than those of the sludge treatment agent of the example 4, which shows that the sludge dewatering is more favorable in the acidic environment, so that the sludge treatment agent needs to be acidic in the process of preparing the sludge treatment agent, and the pH value of the sludge to be treated can be better adjusted in the using process.
Test example 2 measurement of sludge specific resistance
Taking sludge (the pH of experimental sludge is approximately equal to 6.7) treated by the sludge treatment agents of examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-4 of the invention for testing, and comparing with a control group, wherein the testing method comprises the steps of taking a sludge sample 100m L to be tested in a measuring cylinder, filtering under the condition that the constant air pressure P is 0.6MPa, recording the volume of filtrate for 1 time every 10 seconds until a filter cake layer in a funnel cracks, stopping suction filtration, collating the data to obtain a filtering equation, measuring the water content of the filter cake by using a difference method, and calculating the specific resistance of the sludge by using the following formula, wherein r is 2PA2b) In units of/. mu.omega. (m/kg), wherein P is the filtration pressure (kg. m)-2) (ii) a A is the filtration area (m)2) (ii) a μ is kinetic viscosity of the filtrate (kg. s. m)-2) (ii) a Omega is the weight of dry solids retained on the filter medium by a unit volume of filtrate filtered-3) (ii) a b is the slope of the straight line represented by the filtering equation t/V ═ bV + a, and t is the filtering time(s); v is the volume of filtrate (m)3). The experimental data of the specific resistance of the sludge after the sludge treatment agent treats the sludge are shown in the table 2:
TABLE 2 sludge specific resistance after sludge treatment with the sludge treating agent of the present invention
The specific sludge resistance represents the resistance per unit weight of sludge per unit filtration area when filtering under a certain pressureAfter the cake is gradually formed, the resistance of the filter cake itself must be overcome, the sludge specific resistance is a comprehensive index representing the sludge filtration characteristics, the larger the sludge specific resistance is, the poorer the filtration performance is, and the poorer the dehydration rate is, as can be seen from the results in Table 2, the sludge specific resistance of the untreated sludge (control group) is 1.62 × 1013m/kg, and the specific sludge resistance after the treatment with the sludge treatment agent of the invention (examples 1-4) is 2.01 × 1012～2.26×1012m/kg, wherein the sludge specific resistance of the embodiment 4 is 2.01 × 1012m/kg, which shows that the sludge treating agent can greatly reduce the specific resistance of the sludge during filtration and has excellent dewatering effect.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The sludge treatment agent for improving the sludge dehydration rate is characterized by comprising the following components, by weight, 10-35 parts of chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition, 10-53 parts of silicon adsorbent, 0.05-0.1 part of nonionic surfactant, 0.1-2 parts of cationic surfactant, 15-35 parts of wetting penetrant and 0.5-1.5 parts of citric acid.
2. The sludge treatment agent for improving the sludge dewatering rate according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising 18-25 parts of chitosan- β cyclodextrin, 20-35 parts of silicon adsorbent, 0.06-0.08 part of nonionic surfactant, 0.5-1.8 parts of cationic surfactant, 20-30 parts of wetting penetrant and 0.8-1.2 parts of citric acid.
3. The sludge treatment agent for increasing the sludge dehydration rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the silicon adsorbent is selected from diatomite and/or montmorillonite.
4. The sludge treatment agent for increasing the sludge dehydration rate according to claim 3, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the diatomite to the montmorillonite is (1.2-4): (0.5-2).
5. The sludge treatment agent for increasing the sludge dehydration rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the nonionic surfactant is selected from one or more of sorbitan fatty acid ester, alkyl glycoside and polysorbate.
6. The sludge treatment agent for increasing the sludge dehydration rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cationic surfactant is hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and/or tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide.
7. The sludge treatment agent for increasing the sludge dehydration rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wetting penetrant is prepared from urea and N-methyl pyrrolidone according to the weight ratio of (0.1-0.8): (2-10) in mass ratio.
8. The sludge treating agent for improving the sludge dewatering rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition is prepared by the following steps:
s1, carrying out reaction, namely taking chitosan, alkalifying the chitosan in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to obtain a chitosan alkalized solution, taking β cyclodextrin, adding water to dissolve the cyclodextrin to obtain a β cyclodextrin aqueous solution, uniformly mixing the chitosan alkalized solution and the β cyclodextrin aqueous solution, dropwise adding a glutaraldehyde ethanol solution, heating to 80-90 ℃, and carrying out stirring reaction for 80-100 min to obtain a primary precipitate;
and S2, eluting, namely washing the primary precipitate in the step S1 with water until the pH value is 6.5-7.0, washing with absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone respectively, performing suction filtration, and drying to obtain the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition.
9. The sludge treatment agent for increasing the sludge dewatering rate according to claim 8, characterized in that: the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to water in the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is 35-45%, and the volume ratio of glutaraldehyde to ethanol in the glutaraldehyde ethanol solution is 30-35%.
10. The method for preparing a sludge treatment agent with a high sludge dewatering rate according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s3, microencapsulating, namely taking a non-ionic surfactant and a cationic surfactant in formula amounts to obtain a premixed surfactant composition, taking a chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition and a wetting penetrant in formula amounts, adding the chitosan- β cyclodextrin composition into the wetting penetrant, keeping stirring at a rotating speed of 2500-3000 r/min, dripping the premixed surfactant composition, stirring for 10-30 min, and adjusting the pH to 4.5-5.5 by using citric acid to obtain a microencapsulated composition;
s4, mixing the microencapsulated composition with a silicon adsorbent in a formula amount.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112390509A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-23 | 广州绿邦环境技术有限公司 | Sludge modifying agent and production process thereof |
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| CN114031266A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-11 | 苏州埃斯腾特生物科技有限公司 | Leachate sludge dewatering composite biological enzyme conditioner and preparation and use methods thereof |
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| CN114307724B (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2023-10-17 | 安徽科技学院 | Sludge dewatering agent preparation device and method for improving dewatering capacity |
| CN115180798A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-10-14 | 上海恒钛环保科技有限公司 | Sludge conditioner and preparation method and application thereof |
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