CN111470637A - Method for removing pollutants in water body and water body treatment system - Google Patents
Method for removing pollutants in water body and water body treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111470637A CN111470637A CN201911204234.7A CN201911204234A CN111470637A CN 111470637 A CN111470637 A CN 111470637A CN 201911204234 A CN201911204234 A CN 201911204234A CN 111470637 A CN111470637 A CN 111470637A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/14—Maintenance of water treatment installations
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for removing pollutants in a water body, which comprises the steps of putting microorganisms capable of internalizing pollutants into the water body, and separating the microorganisms from the water body after the microorganisms proliferate and metabolize; the water body treatment system comprises a microorganism attachment device, a film hanging device, a transfer device and an anchoring device. By using the system and the method of the invention, the pollutant content in the water body can be greatly reduced, the water quality of the water body can be thoroughly improved, and the system and the method can be used for treating black and odorous water, eutrophicated water, heavy metal pollutant water and the like, and are particularly suitable for receiving water bodies such as lakes, reservoirs, urban rivers and the like. The system and the method of the invention are used for treating the water body in a way of enriching the pollutants from the water body by the microorganisms and pumping away the pollutants, have low cost and quick effect, are directly applied to treating the water body, do not need to additionally construct a sewage treatment area or an artificial wetland, and have great advantages compared with the method in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water environment treatment, in particular to a method for removing pollutants in a water body and a water body treatment system.
Background
The landscape water body is an important component of urban environment, the wastewater of the living, agricultural and aquaculture industries is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matters, and the wastewater can be discharged into the landscape water body if the wastewater is not treated or does not reach the standard, so that the landscape water body can be eutrophicated, and black and odorous water or water bloom is formed. Especially, the water bodies received in lakes, reservoirs, ponds and the like are extremely sensitive to eutrophication due to the closed or semi-closed nature, and black and odorous water and severe water bloom are very easily formed.
The treatment of receiving water is a very headache problem. Firstly, it is difficult to avoid that the upstream feed water is completely up to standard; secondly, even if the problems are temporarily solved by physical and chemical means such as flocculation, salvaging and the like after the black smelly water or the bloom is formed, the eutrophication nature of the water body is not changed, and microorganisms continue to breed to form the black smelly water or the bloom again. Therefore, the water quality evaluation standard of the receiving water body is higher than that of the flowing water body.
At present, the black smelly water and the water bloom water are treated by a biological method. The biological method mainly comprises artificial wetland treatment, aquatic plant restoration, microorganism restoration and the like. The artificial wetland treatment needs additional treatment environment, the cost is huge, and the artificial wetland treatment is particularly not suitable for receiving water bodies with multiple inlets. The aquatic plants can not grow in the black and odorous water and the water bloom water body, even if luxuriant aquatic plants are initially arranged in the water body, the eutrophic water quality can convert the water body into water body which is not suitable for plant growth in a short time, and further the black and odorous water or the water bloom is formed. Microbial remediation is a relatively effective treatment method at present. The invention patent application with the name of composite microbial preparation for water body restoration, preparation method and application thereof, and application number of 2014103851867, which is filed in 2014 by the applicant, discloses a composite microbial preparation for water body restoration. The microorganism released by the microbial preparation put into water can be rapidly propagated and metabolize organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage. However, for receiving water bodies, simple microbial agent delivery does not completely solve the problem. Because the microorganisms still remain in the water body after absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus, when the microorganisms die, cell bodies are decomposed to release nitrogen and phosphorus again, and the problem of water body eutrophication is still solved.
Therefore, a need exists for a remediation system and method for use with a receiving body of water.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for removing a contaminant from a water body, comprising the steps of throwing a microorganism capable of internalizing the contaminant into the water body, and separating the microorganism from the water body after the microorganism is proliferated and metabolized.
One embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1: attaching the microorganisms to a microorganism attachment apparatus;
s2: putting the microorganism attachment device into the water body until the microorganisms proliferate and metabolize;
s3: removing the microorganism attachment apparatus from the body of water.
According to the method, the pollutants in the water body are removed by putting the microorganisms capable of quickly internalizing the pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matters and/or heavy metals into the water body and removing the microorganisms internalized with the pollutants from the water body, so that the content of the pollutants in the water body is reduced to the standard of II-type water and even I-type water, and the problem of water pollution such as black and odorous water, eutrophic water body and heavy metal water body is thoroughly solved.
In a preferred embodiment, the microorganisms are attached to the microorganism attachment apparatus by immersing the microorganism attachment apparatus in a membrane suspension solution enriched in microorganisms capable of internalizing the contaminants in S1.
Preferably, the water in which the microorganisms capable of absorbing the pollutants are dissolved is obtained by dissolving a complex microbial preparation in water, the complex microbial preparation being obtained by fermentation using chicken manure dry matter. Preferably, when the treatment object is black smelly water or eutrophic water, the composite microbial preparation is obtained by fermenting chicken manure dry matter. The biofilm culturing solution obtained by the method is rich in microorganisms which can quickly internalize organic matters and nitrogen and phosphorus, and the microorganisms have the characteristic of being attached to the surface of a solid.
In a preferred embodiment, in S2, a composite microbial preparation is applied to the area of the microbial adherence device while the microbial adherence device is in the body of water. By continuously putting the composite microbial preparation into the region of the microbial attachment device, the concentration of the microbes for internalizing nutrients in the water environment where the microbial attachment device is located can be improved, and the removal rate and effect of organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body are improved.
The invention also provides a water body treatment system for removing pollutants in a water body, which comprises a microorganism attachment device, a film hanging device, a transfer device and an anchoring device, wherein the anchoring device is arranged in the water body, for example, a plurality of supporting rods with one ends inserted into the water bottom and the other ends positioned near the water surface or a frame structure floating on the water can be used for anchoring the microorganism attachment device at a specific position of the water body;
the microorganism attachment device comprises a microorganism attachment part and a supporting part, the microorganism attachment part is connected with the supporting part, the supporting part can be detachably connected with the anchoring device, so that the microorganism attachment part is immersed in water, and microorganisms rich in internalization pollutants are contained in the biofilm culturing device; the transfer device transfers the microbial attachment device to the anchoring device, connects the microbial attachment device to the anchoring device, and detaches the microbial attachment device from the anchoring device.
The system is provided with the microorganism attachment device to provide an attachment surface for microorganisms, the microorganisms internalize pollutants in the sewage, such as organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metals and the like, after the microorganism attachment device is treated in the water body for a period of time, a large amount of pollutants are enriched on the microorganism attachment device, and then the microorganism attachment device is taken out to carry away the pollutants, and then the pollutants are put into a new microorganism attachment device to be treated in the next batch.
Preferably, the film hanging device comprises a film hanging container and film hanging liquid filled in the film hanging container.
In a preferred embodiment, the support portion of the microorganism attachment apparatus is a mesh structure that facilitates uniform and orderly distribution of the microorganism attachment portion.
In a preferred embodiment, the microorganism-adhering part is made of a non-woven fabric. For example, it may be a nonwoven strip attached to a node of the web. In use, compared with other materials such as hemp, acrylic fiber and the like, the non-woven fabric has better film forming effect on the film forming liquid prepared from the composite microbial inoculum obtained by fermenting the chicken manure dry matter and the non-woven fabric.
One or more microorganism attachment devices can be thrown into a treated water body, and can be uniformly distributed in the water body or have higher density near a sewage receiving port.
In a preferred embodiment, the transfer device is a water vehicle with a mounting portion on which the microorganism attachment device can be mounted.
In a preferred embodiment, the water remediation system further comprises a membrane washing device for separating fouling on the microorganism foulants recovered from the water. The membrane washing device can wash off the attachments on the recovered microorganism attachment part, and recycle the microorganism attachment part and the microorganism attachment device.
In a preferred embodiment, the membrane washing device comprises a membrane washing container and membrane washing liquid contained in the membrane washing container. Preferably, the membrane washing device further comprises a device for promoting the separation of attachments from the microorganism attachment part, for example, the device can be selected from or comprises a stirring mechanism, a scraping mechanism and/or an ultrasonic mechanism. The membrane-washing solution may be an aqueous solution containing a detersive component. If the treated object is black smelly water or eutrophic water, the waste liquid obtained after membrane washing contains rich organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients, so that the waste liquid can be used for preparing fertilizer or directly used as fertilizer for application.
By using the system and the method of the invention, the pollutant content in the water body can be greatly reduced, the water quality of the water body can be thoroughly improved, and the system and the method can be used for treating black and odorous water, eutrophicated water, heavy metal pollutant water and the like, and are particularly suitable for receiving water bodies such as lakes, reservoirs, urban rivers and the like. The system and the method of the invention are used for treating the water body in a way of enriching the pollutants from the water body by the microorganisms and pumping away the pollutants, have low cost and quick effect, are directly applied to treating the water body, do not need to additionally construct a sewage treatment area or an artificial wetland, and have great advantages compared with the method in the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a water remediation method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a water remediation system according to one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the microorganism attachment apparatus;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a support portion;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the biofilm formation of the microorganism attachment apparatus in the biofilm formation vessel;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the microorganism attachment apparatus in the membrane washing container;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the change of ammonia nitrogen with time in the lotus lake treatment process;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the change of total nitrogen with time in the lotus lake treatment process;
FIG. 9 is the change of total phosphorus in lotus lake with time;
in the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1. microorganism adhesion device, 11, microorganism adhesion part, 12, support part, 2, film hanging device, 21, film hanging container, 22, film hanging liquid, 23, film hanging bracket, 3, transfer device, 4, transfer device, 5, film washing device, 51, film washing container, 52 and film washing liquid.
Detailed Description
The principle and characteristics of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings for the treatment of the lotus lake in Hanyang area of Wuhan city, which are given as examples for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
1. Brief description of the principles
The lotus lake is one of important landscape water bodies in Wuhan, and in recent years, due to disordered discharge of domestic sewage, organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus in the water bodies seriously exceed the standard. Even if flocculation or the like is used, the nitrogen and phosphorus contents cannot be reduced, and thus severe water bloom often occurs.
In order to solve the problem, a water body treatment system capable of removing pollutants from a receiving water body is developed. The operation principle of the system is shown in fig. 1, the microorganism attachment device is subjected to biofilm formation treatment, so that a large number of microorganisms capable of internalizing pollutants are attached to the microorganism attachment device, then the microorganism attachment device with the microorganisms is laid in a water body, and the microorganism device is taken away from the water body after the microorganisms are fully propagated and the pollutants are internalized.
2. Water body treatment system
The water body treatment system of the embodiment is shown in fig. 2, and comprises a microorganism attachment device 1, a biofilm culturing device 2, a transfer device 3 and an anchoring device 4, wherein the anchoring device 4 is arranged in the water body and is a plurality of supporting rods, one end of each supporting rod is inserted into the water bottom, and the other end of each supporting rod is positioned near the water surface.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the microorganism attachment device 1 comprises a microorganism attachment part 11 and a support part 12, the microorganism attachment part 11 is connected with the support part 12, the support part 12 is a nylon net, a hook ring 121 is arranged on the edge of the nylon net, a hook 41 is arranged on the anchoring device 4, the nylon net and the anchoring device are connected through the hook ring and the hook, the microorganism attachment part 11 is a non-woven fabric strip, one end of the non-woven fabric strip is tied on the node of the support part 12, and the other end of the non-woven fabric strip freely hangs into the water.
As shown in FIG. 5, the film forming apparatus 2 includes a film forming container 21 and a film forming liquid 22 contained in the film forming container 21. The film hanging container 21 is provided with a film hanging bracket 23, and the microorganism attaching device 1 is hung on the film hanging bracket 23 for film hanging. The membrane-hanging solution 22 is obtained by dissolving a composite microbial preparation in water. The composite microbial preparation is obtained by fermenting dry chicken manure, and the preparation method is shown in the invention patent application with the publication number of CN104232512A of the applicant. 60% of chicken manure dry matter, 35% of rice hull powder and 5% of composite bacterial powder; fully and uniformly mixing bacillus subtilis, saccharomycetes, actinomycetes, chicken manure dry matter and rice hull powder, keeping the humidity between 55 and 60 percent, stacking and naturally fermenting, and keeping for 14 days when the fermentation temperature naturally rises to 65 to 70 ℃, wherein the fermentation product is the composite microbial preparation which can be used for treating black odorous water and water eutrophication water. The chicken manure dry matter is a solid product obtained by carrying out solid-liquid separation on the chicken manure through a common solid-liquid separator and removing water. The composite bacterial powder comprises bacillus subtilis, saccharomycetes and actinomycetes, wherein the effective viable count of the bacillus subtilis is 19 hundred million-20 hundred million/g, the effective viable count of the saccharomycetes is 300-.
The transfer device 3 is a water carrier and carries the folded microorganism attaching device 1 through a carrying part. The transfer device 3 carries the microorganism attachment device 1 to the anchoring device 4, hangs the nylon net on the anchoring device, and deploys and anchors the microorganism attachment device 1 thereto, with the microorganism attachment portion 11 submerged in water.
The water body treatment system also comprises a membrane washing device 5 for separating attachments on the microorganism attachment part 11 recovered from the water body. As shown in FIG. 6, the membrane washing device 5 comprises a membrane washing container 51 and a membrane washing liquid 52 filled in the membrane washing container 21. The membrane washing container 51 further comprises a membrane washing support 53, and the microorganism attaching device 1 is hung on the membrane washing support 53 for membrane washing. The membrane washing device 5 also comprises a device for promoting the separation of attachments from the microorganism attachment part, and the device can be selected from or comprises a stirring mechanism, a scraping mechanism and/or an ultrasonic mechanism. The membrane-washing liquid 52 is an aqueous solution containing a detergent component. The waste liquid obtained after membrane washing contains rich organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient substances, so that the waste liquid can be used for preparing fertilizers or directly applied as the fertilizers.
The film hanging device 2 and the film washing device 5 can be arranged beside the water body to be treated and can also be arranged far away from the water body to be treated. The microorganism attachment apparatus 1 may be provided in a plurality of independent apparatuses or may be provided in a continuous manner in the water body.
3. Treatment process
The treatment process is as follows: according to specific conditions, an anchoring device 4 is arranged at a specific position of the lotus lake. The microorganism attaching device 1 is soaked in the film hanging pool 21 for 12-24 hours, then the microorganism attaching device 1 is transferred to the anchoring device 4 by the transferring device, the nylon net of the microorganism attaching device 1 is hung on the hook of the anchoring device 4, the microorganism attaching part 11 is hung underwater from the nylon net, after a certain time of treatment, the microorganism attaching device 1 is detached from the anchoring device 4 by the transferring device 3, and a new microorganism attaching device is hung. The detached microorganism-adhering means is transported to the membrane washing container 51 of the membrane washing apparatus 5, and the adherent substance on the microorganism-adhering means 1 is washed off in the membrane washing container 51 by the treatment of the membrane washing solution, the stirring mechanism, the scraping mechanism, and/or the ultrasonic mechanism. The microorganism-adhering apparatus 1 is recycled.
4. Treatment results
After the water body treatment system is used from the end of 2018, the water quality of the lotus lake rapidly becomes clear by the end of 2019, 1 month and 1 month, the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus is greatly reduced, and by the end of 2019, 6 months, the blue algae bloom is not generated in the lotus lake any more, like the former year, the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus is monitored at a plurality of sampling points in the treatment process, wherein the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus at four different sampling points is changed as shown in table 1 and figures 7-9, the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus is greatly reduced when the treatment time is less than two months, the content of ammonia nitrogen is basically controlled to be less than 0.2 mg/L under the condition of continuous sewage discharge, the content of total nitrogen is basically controlled to be less than 2.0 mg/L, the content of total phosphorus is basically controlled to be less than 0.05 mg/L, if no sewage is continuously discharged, the treatment system can control the content of ammonia nitrogen to be less than 0.10 mg/L, the content of total nitrogen is controlled to be less than 1.5 mg/L and the content of total phosphorus is close to 0.6g of microorganism per day.
In addition, only a microorganism attachment device is arranged and microbial preparations are put in, but the microorganism attachment device is replaced irregularly to treat a highly polluted pond, the nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in the pond is rapidly reduced in the early treatment stage, the condition lasts for 10-15 days, the ammonia nitrogen content is reduced from 4.3 mg/L to about 1.3 mg/L, the total nitrogen content is reduced from 6.7 mg/L to about 3.6 mg/L, the total phosphorus content is reduced from 0.3 mg/L to about 0.2 mg/L, then the nitrogen and phosphorus concentration is continuously stable and cannot be further reduced, and the reason is presumed to be that microorganisms except nitrogen and phosphorus start to die and disintegrate and release a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus, so that the balance of absorption and release is formed.
TABLE 1 variation of nitrogen and phosphorus content with time at several sampling points
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A method of removing a contaminant from a body of water, comprising the steps of administering a microorganism capable of internalizing said contaminant into said body of water, and after proliferation and metabolism of said microorganism, separating said microorganism from said body of water.
2. The method of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1: attaching the microorganisms to a microorganism attachment apparatus;
s2: putting the microorganism attachment device into the water body until the microorganisms proliferate and metabolize;
s3: removing the microorganism attachment apparatus from the body of water.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the microorganisms are attached to the microorganism-attaching apparatus by immersing the microorganism-attaching apparatus in the dope solution rich in the microorganisms at S1.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein at S2, the composite microbial preparation enriched in the microorganisms is administered to the area of the microbial consortium while the microbial consortium is in the body of water.
5. A water body treatment system for removing pollutants in a water body, which is characterized by comprising a microorganism attachment device (1), a biofilm culturing device (2), an anchoring device (4) and a transfer device (3), wherein the anchoring device (4) is arranged in the water body, the microorganism attachment device (1) comprises a microorganism attachment part (11) and a supporting part (12), the microorganism attachment part (11) is connected with the supporting part (12), the supporting part (12) can be detachably connected with the anchoring device (4), so that the microorganism attachment part (11) is positioned under the water surface, and the biofilm culturing device (2) is filled with microorganisms which can internalize the pollutants; the transfer device (3) carries the microorganism attachment device (1) to the anchoring device (4), connects the microorganism attachment device (1) with the anchoring device (4), and detaches the microorganism attachment device (1) from the anchoring device (4).
6. A water body remediation system according to claim 5 wherein the support (12) of the microorganism attachment means (1) is of a mesh construction.
7. The water body remediation system of claim 5 wherein the microorganism attachment (11) is made of non-woven fabric.
8. A water body harnessing system according to claim 5, wherein the transfer device (3) is a water vehicle with a mounting portion (31), the mounting portion (31) being adapted to mount the microorganism attachment apparatus (1).
9. A water body harnessing system according to any one of claims 5 to 8, further comprising a membrane washing apparatus (4) for separating fouling on the microorganism fouling part (11) recovered from the water body.
10. The water body treatment system according to claim 9, wherein the membrane washing device (4) comprises a membrane washing container (41) and membrane washing liquid (42) filled in the membrane washing container (41).
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CN112591896A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-02 | 武汉市鄂正农科技发展有限公司 | System for treating black and odorous water |
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CN112591896A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-02 | 武汉市鄂正农科技发展有限公司 | System for treating black and odorous water |
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