CN111468766B

CN111468766B - Adjustable hole slot symmetrical punching device and using method

Info

Publication number: CN111468766B
Application number: CN202010324884.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王画华; 其他发明人请求不公开姓名
Original assignee: Lishui Zhiyuan Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Lishui Zhiyuan Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-23
Filing date: 2020-04-23
Publication date: 2021-05-14
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-23
Also published as: CN111468766A

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustable symmetrical punching device for a hole slot, which comprises a first box body, wherein a second box body is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the first box body, a clamping cavity is arranged in the second box body, a transmission channel positioned below the clamping cavity is arranged in the second box body, a telescopic slide way positioned below the transmission channel is arranged in the second box body, a clamping opening communicated with the clamping cavity is formed in the top of the first box body, air cylinders are symmetrically and fixedly installed at the bottom of the clamping cavity, and a sliding plate in sliding connection with the inner wall of the clamping cavity is fixedly installed at the output shaft of each air cylinder, so that the adjustable symmetrical punching device has the beneficial effects that: the adjustable symmetrical punching device for the holes and the slots has the advantages of simple structure, simplicity and convenience in operation, low equipment cost, no need of special operation, small operation difficulty and higher single-piece small-batch processing efficiency, and can be used for quickly performing operations such as hole forming or slot forming on the outer side of a cylindrical thin-wall workpiece. The production efficiency of a factory with a small scale is improved.

Description

Adjustable hole slot symmetrical punching device and using method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to an adjustable symmetrical hole slot punching device and a using method thereof.

Background

At present, because a common drilling platform or a common milling machine cannot clamp a cylindrical workpiece, operations such as drilling or grooving on the outer side of the cylindrical thin-wall workpiece in the market can be realized only by a multi-axis linkage machine tool or a turning and milling integrated machine tool, but the multi-axis linkage machine tool and the turning and milling integrated machine tool are high in price and need to be operated by a special person, and the single piece small-batch processing time is long, so that the multi-axis linkage machine tool is not suitable for a factory with a small scale to perform production.

Disclosure of Invention

The adjustable symmetrical punching device for the hole slots is used for solving the problems in the prior art, can be used for rapidly performing operations such as hole opening or slot opening on the outer side of a cylindrical thin-wall workpiece, and is low in equipment cost, free of special operation, small in operation difficulty and high in single-piece small-batch processing efficiency.

The invention adopts the technical scheme for solving the technical problems that: the adjustable symmetrical punching device for the hole slot comprises a first box body, wherein a second box body is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the first box body, a clamping cavity is arranged in the second box body, a transmission channel positioned below the clamping cavity is arranged in the second box body, a telescopic slideway positioned below the transmission channel is arranged in the second box body, a clamping opening communicated with the clamping cavity is arranged at the top of the first box body, air cylinders are symmetrically and fixedly arranged at the bottom of the clamping cavity, a sliding plate in sliding connection with the inner wall of the clamping cavity is fixedly arranged at an output shaft of the air cylinders, a second rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the middle of the sliding plate, a clamping chuck positioned above the sliding plate is fixedly arranged at the top of the second rotating shaft, the bottom of the second rotating shaft penetrates through the clamping cavity and the transmission channel and then reaches the inside of the telescopic slideway, and a first bevel gear positioned in the transmission channel, third rotating shafts are symmetrically arranged on the transmission channel and are positioned on two sides of the second rotating shaft, two ends of each third rotating shaft are rotatably connected with the top and the bottom of the transmission channel, second bevel gears meshed with the first bevel gears are fixedly arranged on the outer sides of the third rotating shafts, fourth rotating shafts are rotatably connected on the bottom of the inner wall of the first box body and are positioned on the left and the right sides of the second box body, third bevel gears meshed with the second bevel gears are rotatably connected on the outer sides of the fourth rotating shafts, fifth rotating shafts are rotatably connected on the bottom of the inner wall of the first box body and are positioned on the left and the right sides of the fourth rotating shafts, fourth bevel gears meshed with the third bevel gears are fixedly arranged on the outer sides of the fifth rotating shafts, sixth rotating shafts positioned above the fifth rotating shafts are symmetrically arranged in the first box body and are rotatably connected with the inner walls at the front and the rear ends of the first box body, and fifth bevel, a ratchet wheel is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the sixth rotating shaft, a first gear is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the ratchet wheel, sliding grooves which are located above the first gear are formed in the inner walls of the front end and the rear end of the first box body, a displacement plate is connected between the sliding grooves in a sliding mode, a rack which is meshed with the first gear is arranged at the bottom of the displacement plate, an adjusting groove is formed in the top of the first box body, an adjusting rod which penetrates through the adjusting groove is fixedly mounted at the top of the displacement plate, displacement grooves are symmetrically formed in the inner wall of the top of the first box body and are located between a clamping opening and the adjusting groove, a guide block which covers the displacement groove is connected at the top of the first box body in a sliding mode, a guide inclined rod which penetrates through the guide block is connected in the displacement groove in a sliding mode, a connecting plate is fixedly mounted at the top of the guide inclined rod, a containing groove is formed in the, be equipped with the sleeve that both ends passed first backup pad and second backup pad and be connected rather than rotating between first backup pad and the second backup pad, the inside first pivot that is equipped with of sleeve, first pivot surface array distributes has the spline groove, sleeve and first pivot spline connection, first pivot right-hand member fixed mounting has the drill bit, the drill bit passes guide block left end, holding tank in proper order, crosses the guide block right-hand member, sleeve outside fixed mounting has the second gear that is located between first backup pad and the second backup pad, first box top is equipped with the motor, motor output shaft rotates with a backup pad to be connected, motor output shaft outside fixed mounting has the third gear with second gear meshing. The structure can drive the drill bit to advance to punch a workpiece when the supporting plate descends, and the rack can drive the first gear to rotate so as to rotate the workpiece by a certain angle when the supporting plate ascends.

In order to further improve the performance, a telescopic groove is arranged at the left end of the first rotating shaft, a telescopic rod is connected inside the telescopic groove in a sliding manner, the other end of the telescopic rod is rotatably connected with an adjusting rod, first pin holes are distributed in the telescopic rod in an array manner, second pin holes communicated with the first pin holes are symmetrically arranged on the spline groove, third fastening nails are connected with the first pin holes and the second pin holes in an internal thread manner, fixing holes are distributed in the drill bit in an array manner, a fixing sleeve is sleeved outside the drill bit and covers the fixing holes, fixing columns are connected inside the fixing holes in a sliding manner, connecting holes for accommodating the fixing columns are arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the fixing sleeve, first magnets are arranged inside the fixing columns, a placing cavity communicated with the outside is arranged inside the top of the fixing sleeve, one end of the placing cavity is communicated with the outside, the fixed cover outside is rotated and is connected with the bearing, bearing outside fixed mounting has the installation cover, threaded connection has the second binding nail with guide block threaded connection on the installation cover. The structure can perform slotting operation on the workpiece.

Further perfection, second pivot bottom rotates and is connected with the limiting plate, limiting plate and flexible slide inner wall sliding connection.

Further perfection, place cavity intercommunication external one end threaded connection and have first blind rivet.

Further perfection, the placing cavity is provided with a pushing hole smaller than the second magnet at one end close to the guide block.

A use method of an adjustable symmetrical punching device for holes and slots comprises the following steps:

firstly, clamping: clamping a workpiece on a clamping chuck, starting an air cylinder to drive a second rotating shaft to lift, so as to drive the clamping chuck to ascend and descend, and enable the workpiece to extend out of a required length;

secondly, opening holes: the motor drives the third gear to rotate, the third gear drives the second gear to rotate, the second gear drives the sleeve to rotate, the sleeve drives the first rotating shaft to rotate, the first rotating shaft drives the drill bit to rotate, the connecting plate is pressed downwards at the moment, the connecting plate drives the guide inclined rods to descend, the guide inclined rods descend to drive the guide blocks to approach each other, the guide blocks approach each other to drive the drill bit to approach each other, so that the drill bit punches a workpiece, when the guide blocks approach each other, the displacement plate is driven to move towards the second box body, the displacement plate moves to drive the rack to move, the rack moves to drive the first gear meshed with the rack to rotate, and when the first gear rotates, the first gear does not drive the sixth rotating shaft to rotate due to the action of the ratchet wheel;

thirdly, displacement: lifting the connecting plate, driving the guide inclined rods to ascend by the connecting plate, driving the guide blocks to be far away from each other by the ascending of the guide inclined rods, driving the drill bits to leave the workpiece by the guide blocks, driving the first gear to rotate by the racks after the drill bits leave the workpiece, driving the fourth bevel gear to rotate by the first gear, driving the third bevel gear to rotate by the fourth bevel gear, driving the second bevel gear to rotate by the third bevel gear, driving the first bevel gear to rotate by the second bevel gear, driving the second rotating shaft to rotate by the first bevel gear, driving the clamping chuck to rotate by the second rotating shaft, driving the workpiece to rotate by the clamping chuck to perform next-step drilling;

fourthly, slotting: when the workpiece needs to be grooved, the second fastening nail and the third fastening nail are unscrewed, the first fastening nail is unscrewed, the second magnet is taken out and placed after being turned over, the first magnet is attracted by the second magnet at the moment, and then the fixing column is driven to be separated from the connecting hole, the fixing sleeve is moved to a subsequent fixing hole to be installed at the moment, the second fastening nail and the third fastening nail are screwed on after the drill bit is prolonged, the second step and the third step are operated when the workpiece needs to be grooved, the drill bit is overlong, when the workpiece rotates in the third step, the drill bit still cannot be separated from the workpiece, and therefore the grooving of the workpiece is completed.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the adjustable symmetrical punching device for the holes and the slots has the advantages of simple structure, simplicity and convenience in operation, low equipment cost, no need of special operation, small operation difficulty and higher single-piece small-batch processing efficiency, and can be used for quickly performing operations such as hole forming or slot forming on the outer side of a cylindrical thin-wall workpiece. The production efficiency of a factory with a small scale is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view C of a portion of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view D of a portion of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a guide block according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first support plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a ratchet structure according to the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: the device comprises a first box body 1, a telescopic slideway 2, a limiting plate 3, a first bevel gear 4, a third rotating shaft 5, a second bevel gear 6, a fourth rotating shaft 7, a third bevel gear 8, a sixth rotating shaft 9, a fifth rotating shaft 10, a fourth bevel gear 11, a first gear 12, a fifth bevel gear 13, a rack 14, a displacement plate 15, an adjusting groove 16, a connecting plate 17, a second rotating shaft 18, a clamping opening 19, a clamping chuck 20, a displacement groove 21, a placing cavity 22, a cylinder 23, a connecting hole 24, an adjusting rod 25, a telescopic rod 26, a telescopic groove 27, a sleeve 28, a second gear 29, a motor 30, a second supporting plate 31, a third gear 32, a first rotating shaft 33, a first supporting plate 34, a third fastening nail 35, a second pin hole 36, a first pin hole 37, a spline groove 38, a mounting sleeve 39, a bearing 40, a first fastening nail 41, a fixing hole 42, a sliding groove 43, a fixing column 44, a first magnet 45, a second magnet 46, a, The push-out hole 47, the fixing sleeve 48, the second fastening nail 49, the accommodating groove 50, the clamping cavity 51, the transmission channel 52, the sliding plate 53, the second box body 54, the guide block 56, the drill 57 and the ratchet 58.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

referring to figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8: the adjustable symmetrical punching device for the hole slots comprises a first box body 1, wherein a second box body 54 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the first box body 1, a clamping cavity 51 is arranged inside the second box body 54, a transmission channel 52 positioned below the clamping cavity 51 is arranged inside the second box body 54, a telescopic slideway 2 positioned below the transmission channel 52 is arranged inside the second box body 54, a clamping opening 19 communicated with the clamping cavity 51 is formed in the top of the first box body 1, air cylinders 23 are symmetrically and fixedly installed at the bottom of the clamping cavity 51, a sliding plate 53 in sliding connection with the inner wall of the clamping cavity 51 is fixedly installed at an output shaft of the air cylinder 23, a second rotating shaft 18 is rotatably connected to the middle of the sliding plate 53, a clamping chuck 20 positioned above the sliding plate 53 is fixedly installed at the top of the second rotating shaft 18, and the bottom of the second rotating shaft 18 passes through the clamping cavity 51 and the transmission channel 52 and then reaches the inside of, the outer side of the second rotating shaft 18 is fixedly provided with a first bevel gear 4 positioned in the transmission channel 52, the transmission channel 52 is symmetrically provided with third rotating shafts 5 positioned at two sides of the second rotating shaft 18, two ends of each third rotating shaft 5 are rotatably connected with the top and the bottom of the transmission channel 52, the outer side of each third rotating shaft 5 is fixedly provided with a second bevel gear 6 meshed with the corresponding first bevel gear 4, the bottom of the inner wall of the first box body 1 is rotatably connected with fourth rotating shafts 7 positioned at the left and right sides of the second box body 54, the outer side of each fourth rotating shaft 7 is rotatably connected with a third bevel gear 8 meshed with the corresponding second bevel gear 6, the bottom of the inner wall of the first box body 1 is rotatably connected with fifth rotating shafts 10 positioned at the left and right sides of the corresponding fourth rotating shafts 7, the outer side of each fifth rotating shaft 10 is fixedly provided with a fourth bevel gear 11 meshed with the corresponding third bevel gear 8, and the inner part of the first, the sixth rotating shaft 9 is rotatably connected with the inner walls of the front and rear ends of the first box body 1, a fifth bevel gear 13 meshed with the fourth bevel gear 11 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the sixth rotating shaft 9, a ratchet 58 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the sixth rotating shaft 9, a first gear 12 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the ratchet 58, sliding grooves 43 positioned above the first gear 12 are formed in the inner walls of the front and rear ends of the first box body 1, a displacement plate 15 is slidably connected between the sliding grooves 43, a rack 14 meshed with the first gear 12 is arranged at the bottom of the displacement plate 15, an adjusting groove 16 is formed in the top of the first box body 1, an adjusting rod 25 penetrating through the adjusting groove 16 is fixedly installed at the top of the displacement plate 15, displacement grooves 21 are symmetrically formed in the inner wall of the top of the first box body 1, the displacement grooves 21 are positioned between the clamping opening 19 and the adjusting groove 16, and a guide block 56 covering, the inside sliding connection of displacement groove 21 has the direction down tube 55 that passes guide block 56, direction down tube 55 and guide block 56 sliding connection, direction down tube 55 top fixed mounting has connecting plate 17, the inside holding tank 50 that is equipped with of direction down tube 55, first box 1 top fixed mounting has first backup pad 34 and second backup pad 31, be equipped with the sleeve 28 that both ends passed first backup pad 34 and second backup pad 31 and rotate the connection rather than between first backup pad 34 and the second backup pad 31, the inside first pivot 33 that is equipped with of sleeve 28, first pivot 33 surface array distributes and has spline groove 38, sleeve 28 and first pivot 33 splined connection, first pivot 33 right-hand member fixed mounting has drill bit 57, the drill bit passes guide block 56 left end, holding tank 50 in proper order, crosses guide block 56 right-hand member, sleeve 28 outside fixed mounting has the second gear 29 that is located between first backup pad 34 and the second backup pad 31, first 1 top of box is equipped with motor 30, motor 30 output shaft rotates with a backup pad 34 to be connected, motor 30 output shaft outside fixed mounting have with second gear 29 engaged with

third gear

32, 18 bottoms of second pivot are rotated and are connected with limiting plate 3, limiting plate 3 and 2 inner wall sliding connection of flexible slide.

Referring to figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8: the left end of the first rotating shaft 33 is provided with a telescopic groove 27, the telescopic groove 27 is internally connected with a telescopic rod 26 in a sliding manner, the other end of the telescopic rod 26 is rotatably connected with an adjusting rod 25, first pin holes 37 are distributed in the telescopic rod 26 in an array manner, second pin holes 36 communicated with the first pin holes 37 are symmetrically arranged on the spline groove 38, third fastening nails 35 are connected with the first pin holes 37 and the second pin holes 36 in an internal thread manner, fixing holes 42 are distributed in the drill bit 57 in an array manner, a fixing sleeve 48 is sleeved outside the drill bit 57, the fixing sleeve 48 covers the fixing holes 42, a fixing column 44 is connected in the fixing hole 42 in a sliding manner, a connecting hole 24 for accommodating the fixing column 44 is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the fixing sleeve 48, a first magnet 45 is arranged inside the fixing column 44, a placing cavity 22 communicated with the outside is, place the inside sliding connection of cavity 22 and have second magnet 46 that can adsorb or repel first magnet 45, fixed cover 48 outside is rotated and is connected with bearing 40, bearing 40 outside fixed mounting has installation cover 39, threaded connection has the second blind rivet 49 with guide block 56 threaded connection on the installation cover 39, place the external one end threaded connection of cavity 22 intercommunication and have first blind rivet 41, it is equipped with the push-out hole 47 that is less than second magnet 46 to place cavity 22 and be close to guide block 56 one end.

Referring to figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8: a use method of an adjustable symmetrical punching device for holes and slots comprises the following steps:

firstly, clamping: clamping a workpiece on the clamping chuck 20, starting the air cylinder 23 to drive the second rotating shaft 18 to ascend and descend, and driving the clamping chuck 20 to ascend and descend so that the workpiece extends out by a required length;

secondly, opening holes: the motor 30 drives the third gear 32 to rotate, the third gear 32 drives the second gear 29 to rotate, the second gear 29 drives the sleeve 28 to rotate, the sleeve 28 drives the first rotating shaft 33 to rotate, the first rotating shaft 33 drives the drill 57 to rotate, at the moment, the connecting plate 17 is pressed downwards, the connecting plate 17 drives the guide inclined rod 55 to descend, the guide inclined rod 55 descends to drive the guide blocks 56 to approach each other, the guide blocks 56 approach each other to drive the drill 57 to approach each other, so that the drill 57 punches a workpiece, when the guide blocks 56 approach each other, the displacement plate 15 is driven to move towards the second box 54, the displacement plate 15 is driven to move to drive the rack 14 to move, the rack 14 is driven to rotate the first gear 12 engaged with the rack 14, and when the first gear 12 rotates, the first gear 12 cannot drive the sixth rotating shaft 9 to rotate due to the action of the ratchet 58;

thirdly, displacement: lifting the connecting plate 17, driving the guide inclined rod 55 to ascend by the connecting plate 17, driving the guide blocks 56 to be away from each other by the ascending of the guide inclined rod 55, driving the drill bit 57 to leave the workpiece by the guide blocks 56, driving the drill bit 57 to leave the workpiece when the drill bit 57 leaves the workpiece, driving the first gear 12 to rotate by the rack 14, driving the fourth bevel gear 11 to rotate by the first gear 12, driving the third bevel gear 8 to rotate by the fourth bevel gear 11, driving the second bevel gear 6 to rotate by the third bevel gear 8, driving the first bevel gear 4 to rotate by the second bevel gear 6, driving the second rotating shaft 18 to rotate by the first bevel gear 4, driving the clamping chuck 20 to rotate by the second rotating shaft 18, and driving the workpiece to rotate by the;

fourthly, slotting: when the workpiece needs to be grooved, the second fastening nail 49 and the third fastening nail 35 are unscrewed, the first fastening nail 41 is unscrewed, the second magnet 46 is taken out and placed after being turned over, the first magnet 45 is sucked up by the second magnet 46 at the moment, the fixing column 44 is further driven to be separated from the connecting hole 24, the fixing sleeve 48 is moved to the subsequent fixing hole 42 to be installed at the moment, the drill bit 57 is prolonged and then the second fastening nail 49 and the third fastening nail 35 are screwed, the installation step two and the step three can be operated when the workpiece needs to be grooved, the drill bit 57 is too long, when the workpiece in the step three rotates, the drill bit 57 still cannot be separated from the workpiece, and therefore the workpiece can be grooved.

While the invention has been shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a hole groove symmetry perforating device with adjustable, includes first box (1), characterized by: a second box body (54) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner wall of the first box body (1), a clamping cavity (51) is arranged inside the second box body (54), a transmission channel (52) located below the clamping cavity (51) is arranged inside the second box body (54), a telescopic slide way (2) located below the transmission channel (52) is arranged inside the second box body (54), a clamping opening (19) communicated with the clamping cavity (51) is formed in the top of the first box body (1), air cylinders (23) are symmetrically and fixedly installed at the bottom of the clamping cavity (51), a sliding plate (53) in sliding connection with the inner wall of the clamping cavity (51) is fixedly installed at the output shaft of each air cylinder (23), a second rotating shaft (18) is rotatably connected to the middle of each sliding plate (53), and a clamping chuck (20) located above the sliding plate (53) is fixedly installed at the top of the second rotating shaft (18), the bottom of the second rotating shaft (18) penetrates through a clamping cavity (51) and a transmission channel (52) and then reaches the inside of a telescopic slide way (2), a first bevel gear (4) located inside the transmission channel (52) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the second rotating shaft (18), third rotating shafts (5) located on two sides of the second rotating shaft (18) are symmetrically arranged on the transmission channel (52), two ends of each third rotating shaft (5) are rotatably connected with the top and the bottom of the transmission channel (52), a second bevel gear (6) meshed with the first bevel gear (4) is fixedly installed on the outer side of each third rotating shaft (5), a fourth rotating shaft (7) located on the left side and the right side of the second box body (54) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the first box body (1), a third bevel gear (8) meshed with the second bevel gear (6) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the fourth rotating shaft (7), and a fifth bevel gear located on the left side and the right side of the fourth rotating shaft (7) is A rotating shaft (10), a fourth bevel gear (11) meshed with the third bevel gear (8) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the fifth rotating shaft (10), a sixth rotating shaft (9) positioned above the fifth rotating shaft (10) is symmetrically arranged inside the first box body (1), the sixth rotating shaft (9) is rotatably connected with the inner walls of the front end and the rear end of the first box body (1), a fifth bevel gear (13) meshed with the fourth bevel gear (11) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the sixth rotating shaft (9), a ratchet wheel (58) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the sixth rotating shaft (9), a first gear (12) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the ratchet wheel (58), sliding grooves (43) positioned above the first gear (12) are formed in the inner walls of the front end and the rear end of the first box body (1), a displacement plate (15) is slidably connected between the sliding grooves (43), and a rack (14) meshed with the first gear (12) is arranged at the bottom, the top of the first box body (1) is provided with an adjusting groove (16), the top of the displacement plate (15) is fixedly provided with an adjusting rod (25) penetrating through the adjusting groove (16), the inner wall of the top of the first box body (1) is symmetrically provided with displacement grooves (21), the displacement grooves (21) are positioned between the clamping ports (19) and the adjusting groove (16), the top of the first box body (1) is slidably connected with a guide block (56) covering the displacement grooves (21), the inside of the displacement grooves (21) is slidably connected with a guide diagonal rod (55) penetrating through the guide block (56), the guide diagonal rod (55) is slidably connected with the guide block (56), the top of the guide diagonal rod (55) is fixedly provided with a connecting plate (17), the inside of the guide diagonal rod (55) is provided with an accommodating groove (50), the top of the first box body (1) is fixedly provided with a first supporting plate (34) and a second supporting plate (31), be equipped with between first backup pad (34) and second backup pad (31) both ends and pass first backup pad (34) and second backup pad (31) and rotate sleeve (28) of being connected rather than, sleeve (28) inside is equipped with first pivot (33), first pivot (33) surface array distributes and has spline groove (38), sleeve (28) and first pivot (33) splined connection, first pivot (33) right-hand member fixed mounting has drill bit (57), the drill bit passes guide block (56) left end, holding tank (50) in proper order, crosses guide block (56) right-hand member, sleeve (28) outside fixed mounting has second gear (29) that are located between first backup pad (34) and second backup pad (31), first box (1) top is equipped with motor (30), motor (30) output shaft is connected with a backup pad (34) rotation, and a third gear (32) meshed with the second gear (29) is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the output shaft of the motor (30).

2. The adjustable symmetrical perforating device for holes and slots of claim 1, wherein: the left end of the first rotating shaft (33) is provided with a telescopic groove (27), a telescopic rod (26) is connected inside the telescopic groove (27) in a sliding manner, the other end of the telescopic rod (26) is rotatably connected with an adjusting rod (25), first pin holes (37) are distributed in the telescopic rod (26) in an array manner, second pin holes (36) communicated with the first pin holes (37) are symmetrically arranged on the spline groove (38), third fastening nails (35) are connected with the first pin holes (37) and the second pin holes (36) in an internal thread manner, fixing holes (42) are distributed in the drill bit (57) in an array manner, a fixing sleeve (48) is sleeved outside the drill bit (57), the fixing sleeve (48) covers the fixing holes (42), fixing columns (44) are connected inside the fixing holes (42) in a sliding manner, and connecting holes (24) for accommodating the fixing columns (44) are formed in the, the fixed column (44) is internally provided with a first magnet (45), the top of the fixed sleeve (48) is internally provided with a placing cavity (22) communicated with the outside, one end of the placing cavity (22) is communicated with the outside, the inside of the placing cavity (22) is slidably connected with a second magnet (46) capable of adsorbing or repelling the first magnet (45), the outer side of the fixed sleeve (48) is rotatably connected with a bearing (40), the outer side of the bearing (40) is fixedly provided with an installation sleeve (39), and the installation sleeve (39) is provided with a second fastening nail (49) in threaded connection with a guide block (56).

3. The adjustable symmetrical perforating device for holes and slots as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the bottom of the second rotating shaft (18) is rotatably connected with a limiting plate (3), and the limiting plate (3) is slidably connected with the inner wall of the telescopic slideway (2).

4. The adjustable symmetrical perforating device for holes and slots as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the placing cavity (22) is communicated with one end outside and is in threaded connection with a first fastening nail (41).

5. The adjustable symmetrical perforating device for holes and slots as claimed in claim 4, wherein: one end of the placing cavity (22) close to the guide block (56) is provided with a push-out hole (47) smaller than the second magnet (46).

6. The use method of the adjustable symmetrical punching device for the hole and the slot according to claim 1 comprises the following steps:

firstly, clamping: clamping a workpiece on a clamping chuck (20), starting an air cylinder (23) to drive a second rotating shaft (18) to lift, and driving the clamping chuck (20) to lift and lower so that the workpiece extends out by a required length;

secondly, opening holes: the motor (30) drives the third gear (32) to rotate, the third gear (32) drives the second gear (29) to rotate, the second gear (29) drives the sleeve (28) to rotate, the sleeve (28) drives the first rotating shaft (33) to rotate, the first rotating shaft (33) drives the drill bit (57) to rotate, the connecting plate (17) is pressed downwards at the moment, the connecting plate (17) drives the guide inclined rod (55) to descend, the guide inclined rod (55) descends to drive the guide blocks (56) to mutually approach, the guide blocks (56) mutually approach to drive the drill bit (57) to mutually approach, so that the drill bit (57) punches a workpiece, when the guide blocks (56) mutually approach, the displacement plate (15) is driven to move towards the second box body (54), the displacement plate (15) moves to drive the rack (14) to move, the rack (14) moves to drive the first gear (12) meshed with the rack (14) to rotate, and when the first gear (12) rotates, due to the action of the ratchet wheel (58), the first gear (12) does not drive the sixth rotating shaft (9) to rotate;

thirdly, displacement: lifting a connecting plate (17), the connecting plate (17) drives a guide inclined rod (55) to ascend, the guide inclined rod (55) ascends to drive guide blocks (56) to be away from each other, the guide blocks (56) are away from a drill bit (57) to leave a workpiece, after the drill bit (57) leaves the workpiece, a rack (14) drives a first gear (12) to rotate, the first gear (12) rotates to drive a fourth bevel gear (11) to rotate, the fourth bevel gear (11) rotates to drive a third bevel gear (8) to rotate, the third bevel gear (8) rotates to drive a second bevel gear (6) to rotate, the second bevel gear (6) rotates to drive a first bevel gear (4) to rotate, the first bevel gear (4) rotates to drive a second rotating shaft (18) to rotate, the second rotating shaft (18) rotates to drive a clamping chuck (20) to rotate, and the clamping chuck (20) rotates to drive the workpiece to rotate to perform;

fourthly, slotting: when the workpiece needs to be grooved, the second fastening nail (49) and the third fastening nail (35) are unscrewed, the first fastening nail (41) is unscrewed, the second magnet (46) is taken out and placed into the workpiece after being turned over, the first magnet (45) is attracted by the second magnet (46) at the moment, the fixing column (44) is further driven to be separated from the connecting hole (24), the fixing sleeve (48) is moved to the subsequent fixing hole (42) to be installed at the moment, the second fastening nail (49) and the third fastening nail (35) are screwed on after the drill bit (57) is prolonged, the second step and the third step are operated when the workpiece needs to be grooved, the drill bit (57) is too long, when the workpiece in the third step rotates, the drill bit (57) still cannot be separated from the workpiece, and therefore the grooving of the workpiece is completed.