CN111468589B - Workpiece flanging analysis and control method for separating radial and axial electromagnetic forces - Google Patents
Workpiece flanging analysis and control method for separating radial and axial electromagnetic forces Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/14—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces applying magnetic forces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of metal workpiece forming control, and discloses a workpiece flanging analysis method for separating radial and axial electromagnetic forces, which comprises the steps of establishing an electromagnetic flanging model containing a plate to be flanged, a driving coil and an air domain, wherein the model comprises an electromagnetic module and a structure module, the electromagnetic module is used for simulating and calculating radial electromagnetic force distribution Fr and axial electromagnetic force distribution Fz, and the structure module is used for simulating and calculating the flanging effect of the plate; under the condition of keeping axial electromagnetic force distribution completely consistent through a virtual loading mode, the radial electromagnetic force is increased or reduced in proportion, and the influence degree of the radial electromagnetic force on the flanging effect is analyzed; or under the condition of keeping radial electromagnetic force distribution completely consistent, the axial electromagnetic force is increased or reduced in proportion, and the influence degree of the axial electromagnetic force on the flanging effect is analyzed. The invention also discloses a corresponding workpiece flanging control method. According to the invention, the design of the workpiece flanging is optimized under the condition of not increasing the cost, so that the workpiece flanging is controlled, and the workpiece flanging quality is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal workpiece forming control, and particularly relates to a workpiece flanging analysis and control method for separating radial and axial electromagnetic forces.
Background
The electromagnetic forming technology is a green and flexible high-speed forming technology, perfectly conforms to the requirements of the times and has remarkable advantages. According to the processing technology, electromagnetic forming can be divided into electromagnetic bulging, electromagnetic flanging, electromagnetic welding and the like. According to the processing object, the electromagnetic flanging can be divided into a pipe electromagnetic flanging and a plate electromagnetic flanging. Chinese patent CN 104874664 a, "a device and a method for synchronously forming an electromagnetic bulging and a flanging of an alloy pipe," discloses a device and a method for synchronously forming an electromagnetic bulging and a flanging of an alloy pipe, which realizes synchronous forming of the bulging and the flanging, reduces the rebound of a workpiece, and reduces the difficulty in manufacturing a die. Then in this method, the solenoid coil only provides radial electromagnetic force, and the film sticking performance of the flanging is poor. In order to solve the problem of poor film sticking performance of electromagnetic flanging of a plate, the Chinese patent with the publication number of CN107116128B, "an electromagnetic flanging device and method for a plate with axial-radial electromagnetic force time-sharing loading", adopts the electromagnetic flanging of the plate with the axial-radial electromagnetic force time-sharing loading, and can effectively improve the film sticking performance of a flanging workpiece by step-by-step time-sharing loading compared with the existing electromagnetic flanging; the electromagnetic flanging device adopts the plate electromagnetic flanging loaded by axial-radial electromagnetic force in a time-sharing manner, and can effectively improve the film sticking performance of a flanging workpiece through step-by-step time-sharing loading; meanwhile, the radial electromagnetic force loading coil is connected with the freewheeling diode in series in the reverse direction and then connected with the axial electromagnetic force loading coil in parallel, so that the time-sharing loading of the axial electromagnetic force and the radial electromagnetic force can be simply and effectively realized, and the device is simple to operate and low in cost. However, although this method can solve the problem of the electromagnetic flanging of the plate, when the electromagnetic flanging of the plate is studied, in which the radial-axial electromagnetic force is loaded simultaneously, because the axial electromagnetic force and the radial electromagnetic force are loaded on the plate simultaneously, the contribution of the radial electromagnetic force to the flanging cannot be separated, and it is difficult to optimally design the electromagnetic flanging device of the plate, in which the radial-axial electromagnetic force is loaded in a time-sharing manner.
Therefore, a virtual loading method and a model for separating radial electromagnetic force in the electromagnetic flanging of the workpiece are researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention has the technical problems that the conventional workpiece flanging control method for simultaneously loading the axial electromagnetic force and the radial electromagnetic force cannot separate the contribution of the radial and axial electromagnetic forces to flanging and cannot analyze the influence degree of the radial and axial electromagnetic forces on the electromagnetic flanging effect of a plate.
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a workpiece flanging analysis and control method for separating radial and axial electromagnetic forces, which can proportionally increase or reduce the radial electromagnetic force and analyze the influence degree of the radial electromagnetic force on the flanging effect under the condition of keeping the axial electromagnetic force completely consistent in distribution; or under the condition of keeping radial electromagnetic force distribution completely consistent, proportionally increasing or reducing the axial electromagnetic force, and analyzing the influence degree of the axial electromagnetic force on the flanging effect.
The invention has the technical scheme that a workpiece flanging analysis method for separating radial and axial electromagnetic force is used for establishing an electromagnetic flanging model containing a workpiece to be flanged, a driving coil and an air domain, the model comprises an electromagnetic module and a structure module, the electromagnetic module is used for simulating and calculating radial electromagnetic force distribution Fr and axial electromagnetic force distribution Fz, the structure module is used for simulating and calculating the flanging effect of the workpiece, and the workpiece flanging analysis method comprises the following steps,
step 1: establishing an electromagnetic flanging model of the workpiece by adopting finite element software;
step 2: establishing an electromagnetic module for the electromagnetic flanging model of the workpiece, and obtaining electromagnetic force distribution by using the electromagnetic module;
step 2.1: establishing an electromagnetic module, and applying pulse current to a driving coil;
step 2.2, performing simulation calculation on the electromagnetic force distribution of the workpiece by using an electromagnetic module to obtain radial electromagnetic force distribution Fr and axial electromagnetic force distribution Fz on the workpiece;
and step 3: establishing a structural module for the electromagnetic flanging model of the workpiece, applying axial or radial electromagnetic force distribution to the workpiece, and simulating to obtain the flanging effect of the workpiece;
step 3.1, building a structural module, forbidding a driving coil and an air domain, and activating a workpiece to be flanged;
step 3.2: applying axial electromagnetic force distribution Fz or radial electromagnetic force Fr to the workpiece to be flanged, and simulating and calculating the flanging effect of the workpiece;
and 4, step 4: applying different virtual radial electromagnetic forces Frx = k Fr or virtual axial electromagnetic forces Fzx = k Fz to the workpiece to be flanged respectively, wherein k is a proportionality coefficient, taking different values for k, and simulating and calculating the flanging effect of the workpiece with different radial electromagnetic forces or axial electromagnetic forces;
and 5: and (4) comparing results of the step (3) and the step (4), and analyzing the influence of the radial electromagnetic force and the axial electromagnetic force on the flanging of the workpiece.
Further, the value range of the proportionality coefficient k is 0< k < 5.
Preferably, the pair k takes different values, the flanging effect of the workpiece with different radial electromagnetic forces is calculated in a simulation mode, and the value set of the k is {0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.6 and 2 }.
Further, the workpiece is a plate or a pipe.
The method for analyzing the influence of the radial electromagnetic force on the flanging of the plate further comprises analyzing and judging whether the length change and the deformation condition of the workpiece under the action of different radial and axial electromagnetic forces are within the allowable range of the forming specification of the workpiece.
The workpiece flanging control method adopting the workpiece flanging analysis method comprises the following steps,
step 1: according to the specification requirement of workpiece forming, determining radial electromagnetic force distribution and axial electromagnetic force distribution required by forming by adopting a workpiece flanging analysis method;
step 2: determining the pulse current of the driving coil and the position of the driving coil relative to the workpiece to be flanged according to the electromagnetic force distribution required by the workpiece to be flanged;
and step 3: and (3) arranging a driving coil on the workpiece to be flanged according to the result of the step (2), and applying corresponding pulse current to the driving coil to flange the workpiece to be flanged.
Compared with the prior art, the workpiece flanging analysis method for separating the radial electromagnetic force and the axial electromagnetic force adopts finite element software to proportionally increase or reduce the radial electromagnetic force in a virtual loading mode under the condition of keeping the axial electromagnetic force completely consistent in distribution, and analyzes the influence degree of the radial electromagnetic force on the flanging effect; or the axial electromagnetic force is proportionally increased or reduced under the condition of keeping the radial electromagnetic force distribution to be completely consistent, and the influence degree of the axial electromagnetic force on the flanging effect is analyzed. According to the workpiece flanging control method, the design of the workpiece flanging is optimized under the condition that the cost is not increased, so that the workpiece flanging is controlled, and the workpiece flanging quality is improved.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a workpiece flanging analysis method of the present invention that separates radial and axial electromagnetic forces.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an electromagnetic flanging model of a plate according to the first embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the flanging effect of the plate when k is different in the first embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an electromagnetic flanging model of a pipe in the second embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the flanging effect of the pipe when k is different in the second embodiment.
Description of reference numerals: the flanging device comprises a driving coil 1, a workpiece 2 to be flanged, a workpiece flanging area 201, a workpiece non-flanging area 202, a constraint boundary 203 of the workpiece non-flanging area, an air area 3, a coil symmetry axis 4 and a magnetic insulation boundary 5.
Detailed Description
Example one
As shown in fig. 1-3, the plate flanging analysis method for separating radial and axial electromagnetic forces establishes an electromagnetic flanging model containing a plate to be flanged, a driving coil and an air domain, the model comprises an electromagnetic module and a structural module, the electromagnetic module is used for simulating and calculating radial electromagnetic force distribution Fr and axial electromagnetic force distribution Fz, the structural module is used for simulating and calculating the flanging effect of the plate, the plate flanging analysis method comprises the following steps,
step 1: establishing an electromagnetic flanging model of the plate by adopting finite element software;
step 2: establishing an electromagnetic module for the electromagnetic flanging model of the plate, and obtaining electromagnetic force distribution by using the electromagnetic module;
step 2.1: establishing an electromagnetic module, and applying pulse current to the driving coil 1;
step 2.2, performing simulation calculation on the electromagnetic force distribution of the plate by using an electromagnetic module to obtain radial electromagnetic force distribution Fr and axial electromagnetic force distribution Fz on the plate 2 to be flanged;
and step 3: establishing a structural module for the electromagnetic flanging model of the plate, applying axial electromagnetic force distribution Fz to the plate, and simulating to obtain the flanging effect of the plate;
step 3.1, a structural module is established, the driving coil 1 and the air domain 3 are forbidden, the plate 2 to be flanged is activated, and the constraint edge 203 of the plate non-flanging area 202 is constrained with the displacement of 0;
step 3.2: applying axial electromagnetic force distribution Fz to the plate 2 to be flanged, and simulating and calculating the flanging effect of the plate 2, as shown in FIG. 3 (a);
and 4, step 4: applying different virtual radial electromagnetic forces Frx = k × Fr to the plate 2 to be flanged, wherein k is a proportionality coefficient, and is 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.6 and 2 in sequence; simulating and calculating the flanging effect of the plate with different radial electromagnetic forces, as shown in fig. 3(b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h);
and 5: and (5) comparing the results of the step (3) and the step (4), and analyzing the influence of the radial electromagnetic force on the flanging of the plate.
The plate flanging control method adopting the plate flanging analysis method comprises the following steps,
step 1: according to the specification requirements of plate forming, determining radial electromagnetic force distribution and axial electromagnetic force distribution required by forming by adopting a plate flanging analysis method;
step 2: determining the pulse current of the driving coil and the position of the driving coil relative to the plate to be flanged according to the electromagnetic force distribution required by the forming of the plate to be flanged;
and step 3: and (3) setting a driving coil on the plate to be flanged according to the result of the step (2), and applying corresponding pulse current to the driving coil to flange the plate to be flanged.
The implementation result shows that the plate flanging analysis method for separating the radial electromagnetic force and the axial electromagnetic force can analyze the influence degree of the radial electromagnetic force on the plate flanging, and is favorable for optimizing the design of the driving coil. On the basis of optimizing the design of the driving coil, the plate flanging control method improves the quality of plate flanging.
Example two
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the pipe flanging analysis method based on simulated separated axial electromagnetic force establishes an electromagnetic flanging model containing a pipe to be flanged, a driving coil and an air domain, the model comprises an electromagnetic module and a structural module, the electromagnetic module is used for simulating and calculating radial electromagnetic force distribution Fr and axial electromagnetic force distribution Fz, the structural module is used for simulating and calculating the flanging effect of the pipe, the pipe flanging analysis method comprises the following steps,
step 1: establishing an electromagnetic flanging model of the pipe fitting by adopting finite element software;
step 2: establishing an electromagnetic module for the electromagnetic flanging model of the pipe fitting, and obtaining electromagnetic force distribution by using the electromagnetic module;
step 2.1: establishing an electromagnetic module, and applying pulse current to the driving coil 1;
step 2.2, performing simulation calculation on the electromagnetic force distribution of the pipe fitting by using an electromagnetic module to obtain radial electromagnetic force distribution Fr and axial electromagnetic force distribution Fz on the pipe fitting 2 to be flanged;
and step 3: building a structural module for the electromagnetic flanging model of the pipe fitting, applying radial electromagnetic force distribution Fr to the pipe fitting, and simulating to obtain the flanging effect of the pipe fitting;
step 3.1, building a structural module, forbidding the driving coil 1 and the air domain 3, activating the pipe fitting 1 to be flanged, and applying the constraint that the displacement is 0 on the outer diameter 203 of the pipe fitting non-flanging area 202;
step 3.2: applying radial electromagnetic force distribution Fr to the pipe fitting 2 to be flanged, and simulating and calculating the flanging effect of the pipe fitting, as shown in FIG. 5 (a);
and 4, step 4: applying a virtual axial electromagnetic force Fzx = k × Fz to the pipe fitting 2 to be flanged, wherein k is a proportionality coefficient, and k is 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.6 and 2 in sequence; simulating the flanging effect of the pipe fitting with different axial electromagnetic forces, as shown in fig. 5(b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h);
and 5: simulating and calculating the length change of the pipe fitting and the deformation condition of the bent part of the pipe fitting under the action of different virtual axial electromagnetic forces, and judging whether the length change and the deformation condition of the pipe fitting are within the allowable range of the forming specification of the pipe fitting or not;
step 6: and comparing the results of the steps 3-5, and analyzing the influence of the axial electromagnetic force on the flanging of the pipe fitting.
The pipe fitting flanging control method adopting the pipe fitting flanging analysis method comprises the following steps,
step 1: according to the specification requirement of pipe fitting forming, determining radial electromagnetic force distribution and axial electromagnetic force distribution required by forming by adopting a pipe fitting flanging analysis method;
step 2: determining the pulse current of the driving coil and the position of the driving coil relative to the pipe fitting to be flanged according to the electromagnetic force distribution required by the forming of the pipe fitting to be flanged;
and step 3: and (3) setting a driving coil for the pipe fitting to be flanged according to the result of the step (2), and applying corresponding pulse current to the driving coil so as to flange the pipe fitting to be flanged.
The implementation result shows that the pipe fitting flanging analysis method based on the simulated separated axial electromagnetic force can analyze the influence degree of the axial electromagnetic force on the pipe fitting flanging, and is favorable for optimizing the design of the driving coil. On the basis of optimizing the design of the driving coil, the pipe fitting flanging control method improves the quality of pipe fitting flanging and reduces the defective rate of flanged pipe fittings.
Claims (6)
1. A workpiece flanging analysis method separating radial and axial electromagnetic forces is characterized in that an electromagnetic flanging model containing a workpiece to be flanged, a driving coil and an air domain is established, the model comprises an electromagnetic module and a structure module, the electromagnetic module is used for simulating and calculating radial electromagnetic force distribution Fr and axial electromagnetic force distribution Fz, the structure module is used for simulating and calculating the flanging effect of the workpiece, the workpiece flanging analysis method comprises the following steps,
step 1: establishing an electromagnetic flanging model of the workpiece by adopting finite element software;
step 2: establishing an electromagnetic module for the electromagnetic flanging model of the workpiece, and obtaining electromagnetic force distribution by using the electromagnetic module;
step 2.1: establishing an electromagnetic module, and applying pulse current to a driving coil;
step 2.2, performing simulation calculation on the electromagnetic force distribution of the workpiece by using an electromagnetic module to obtain radial electromagnetic force distribution Fr and axial electromagnetic force distribution Fz on the workpiece;
and step 3: establishing a structural module for the electromagnetic flanging model of the workpiece, applying axial or radial electromagnetic force distribution to the workpiece, and simulating to obtain the flanging effect of the workpiece;
step 3.1, building a structural module, forbidding a driving coil and an air domain, and activating a workpiece to be flanged;
step 3.2: applying axial electromagnetic force distribution Fz or radial electromagnetic force Fr to the workpiece to be flanged, and simulating and calculating the flanging effect of the workpiece;
and 4, step 4: applying different virtual radial electromagnetic forces Frx = k Fr or virtual axial electromagnetic forces Fzx = k Fz to the workpiece to be flanged respectively, wherein k is a proportionality coefficient, taking different values for k, and simulating and calculating the flanging effect of the workpiece with different radial electromagnetic forces or axial electromagnetic forces;
and 5: and (4) comparing results of the step (3) and the step (4), and analyzing the influence of the radial electromagnetic force and the axial electromagnetic force on the flanging of the workpiece.
2. The workpiece flanging analysis method for separating radial and axial electromagnetic forces of claim 1, wherein the value range of the proportionality coefficient k is 0< k < 5.
3. The workpiece flanging analysis method for separating the radial electromagnetic force and the axial electromagnetic force according to claim 1, characterized in that k is subjected to different values, the flanging effect of workpieces with different radial electromagnetic forces is simulated and calculated, and the value set of k is {0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.6, 2 }.
4. The method for analyzing the flanging of a workpiece by separating radial and axial electromagnetic forces of claim 1, wherein the workpiece is a plate or a pipe.
5. The workpiece flanging analysis method separating the radial and axial electromagnetic forces according to claim 4, wherein the analysis of the influence of the radial electromagnetic force on the flanging of the plate further comprises the analysis and judgment of whether the length change and the deformation of the workpiece under the action of different radial and axial electromagnetic forces are within the allowable range of the forming specification of the workpiece.
6. A workpiece burring control method using the workpiece burring analysis method of any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the steps of,
step 1: according to the specification requirement of workpiece forming, determining radial electromagnetic force distribution and axial electromagnetic force distribution required by forming by adopting a workpiece flanging analysis method;
step 2: determining the pulse current of the driving coil and the position of the driving coil relative to the workpiece to be flanged according to the electromagnetic force distribution required by the workpiece to be flanged;
and step 3: and (3) arranging a driving coil on the workpiece to be flanged according to the result of the step (2), and applying corresponding pulse current to the driving coil to flange the workpiece to be flanged.
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Application publication date: 20200731 Assignee: Hubei Feiou Commercial Management Co.,Ltd. Assignor: CHINA THREE GORGES University Contract record no.: X2023980045280 Denomination of invention: Analysis and control method of workpiece flanging for separating radial and axial electromagnetic forces Granted publication date: 20201215 License type: Common License Record date: 20231102 |