CN111466685B

CN111466685B - Self-adaptive jewelry inlaying process for ornaments

Info

Publication number: CN111466685B
Application number: CN202010378960.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金涛
Original assignee: Shenzhe Oca Jewelry Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhe Oca Jewelry Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-07
Filing date: 2020-05-07
Publication date: 2021-07-06
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-07
Also published as: CN111466685A

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive inlaying process for jewelry, belonging to the field of jewel inlaying processes, which can realize the batch production and processing of jewels, particularly jewels with smaller individuals, greatly increase the overall inlaying processing efficiency of the jewels, greatly increase the automatic exchange degree of rough selection and graded screening of the jewels, increase the working efficiency of the procedures, simultaneously prefabricate the inlaid accessories with the same specification for the jewels screened in a graded way, do not need to individually design the inlaid accessories, further increase the division degree between the jewels to be screened by arranging entanglement fibers outside a rubber ball sleeve, greatly reduce the self-abrasion loss of the jewels in the screening process, hardly influence the grade and the individual size of the jewels, greatly increase the production efficiency of the jewel inlaying process, particularly the production efficiency of valuable ore artworks such as diamond rings and the like, the production cost of valuable ore handicraft such as diamond ring is reduced.

Description

Self-adaptive jewelry inlaying process for ornaments

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of gem inlaying processes, in particular to a self-adaptive jewelry inlaying process for ornaments.

Background

The jewels are divided into broad and narrow meanings, the narrow-meaning jewel is a single-finger jade product, the broad jewel comprises jewelry, artworks or other valuables made of gold, silver and natural materials and having a certain value, and the jewel is generally called jewel, and in order to make the jewel live flexibly and become artworks, hundreds of generations of jewel makers create a lot of jewel inlaying methods, or bake the fire color of the jewel, or hide a metal support to be seamless, so that countless jewel makers can wear the jewel in the neck, wrist and finger of people through the inlaying process.

The traditional jewelry setting process is usually performed manually by a jeweller, and the most important reason is that the size and the quality of natural jewels, especially precious ores such as diamonds, are influenced by the natural environment in which the natural jewels are located, the yield is often low, the price of the precious ores such as diamonds rises, and the traditional jewelry setting process usually requires the jeweller to perform fine carving.

In the life now, all kinds of jewelry handicraft have often gone deep into people's daily life, no matter be the jade handicraft of wearing with oneself, still symbolize the diamond ring of being not Yu of firm in marriage, all are the representative of all kinds of jewelry handicraft, and wherein the diamond ring is the important product of traditional jewelry inlaying technology, along with the promotion of quality of life, people also promote gradually to the demand of diamond ring, and the production efficiency of the output of restricting the diamond and traditional jewelry inlaying technology, traditional jewelry inlaying technology has been difficult to satisfy actual demand.

Disclosure of Invention

1. Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a jewelry self-adaptive inlaying process for ornaments, which can greatly increase the production efficiency of the jewelry inlaying process, particularly the production efficiency of valuable ore artware such as a diamond ring and the like, reduce the production cost of the valuable ore artware such as the diamond ring and the like, and meet the increasing demands of people.

2. Technical scheme

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

A self-adaptive jewelry inlaying process for ornaments mainly comprises the following steps:

s1, roughly selecting jewels, roughly selecting the jewels to be processed, and removing part of jewels which are too small to be used for jewel setting and obviously contain impurity defects;

s2, rough polishing, namely, cleaning the surface of the jewelry roughly selected by the jewelry in the step S1 by utilizing an ultrasonic cleaning technology, adding a cleaning agent containing small particles into the cleaning solution for cleaning a jewelry surface slurry layer, and simultaneously, roughly polishing the surface of the jewelry;

s3, grading and screening, namely grading and screening the jewels subjected to the rough polishing in the S2 mode, grading and screening the jewels by using an ultrasonic screening device, and dividing the jewels to be processed into a plurality of groups according to the size according to actual processing requirements;

s4, grading and grading the stone, further screening the jewels subjected to the grading screening at S3, removing part of individuals of which the shapes are not suitable for inlaying processing, and designing uniform inlaying accessories according to peak values of sizes of different groups of jewel individuals;

s5, inlaying jewels, inlaying the jewels subjected to the step grading stone of S4 into prefabricated inlaying fittings, and reinforcing to obtain a crude product of the jewelry handicraft;

and S6, fine machining, namely polishing, carving and electrogilding the jewelry handicraft coarse product obtained by inlaying the jewelry in the step S5 to further increase the quality of the jewelry handicraft to obtain a fine finished product of the jewelry handicraft, and finally, packaging the qualified product after quality inspection to finish the machining process.

Further, in the rough jewelry selection of S1, the jewelry that obviously contains impurity can be detected according to the how many of waiting to detect the precious pearl and utilize naked eye detection or utilize laser to detect, when detecting quantity is less, can be detected one by the manual work, increases and detects the precision, and when detecting quantity is more, then can utilize the light transmittance that laser irradiation to treat and detect the jewelry and detect in batches, detect one by one to detecting off-standard jewelry, reduce detection intensity by a wide margin, increase detection efficiency.

Furthermore, in the step of S4, the number of jewels in the peak size should be a plurality, and is not less than 10% of the number of the grouped jewels, and for a single or a small number of jewels with large size, the jewels can be manually grouped according to the actual size, and the part of jewels can be put into the group with large size for processing, so that the jewels in each group can be better matched with the inlaying fittings, the workload of jewel craftsmen in the inlaying process is reduced, and the working efficiency is increased.

Further, in the step S3, the classifying and screening, an ultrasonic screening device for classifying and screening comprises a cleaning bin, wherein a cleaning bin cover matched with the cleaning bin is arranged on an upper end cover of the cleaning bin, an invisible handle is chiseled on the cleaning bin cover, a sealing gasket is connected between the cleaning bin and the cleaning bin cover and fixedly connected with the cleaning bin, a mounting groove is chiseled in the cleaning bin, an ultrasonic generating device is fixedly connected in the mounting groove, a pair of positioning grooves is chiseled on the inner wall of the cleaning bin, a classifying screen frame matched with the cleaning bin is slidably connected in the cleaning bin, the classifying screen frame comprises an ear block matched with the positioning groove, the ear block is positioned in the positioning groove, a classifying screen matched with the classifying screen is fixedly connected in the classifying screen frame, a limiting column is fixedly connected on the side wall of the positioning groove, and a section of the limiting column, which is far away from the side wall of the positioning groove, penetrates through the classifying screen frame and extends to the notch of the cleaning bin, wash and to have placed a plurality of suspension balls in the storehouse, it is a plurality of the suspension ball all is located the upside of classifying screen, utilizes ultrasonic wave screening technique to sieve the jewelry, avoids the jewelry to gather at the screening process and appears direct collision through adding a plurality of suspension balls to screening plant, reduces the autogenous grinding loss of jewelry at the screening process by a wide margin, and is unusual, the screening in-process, need load the right amount distilled water in the washing storehouse for the suspension ball can suspend in the distilled water.

Further, fixedly connected with and ultrasonic generator assorted safety cover on the groove bottom plate in washing storehouse, the safety cover includes the safety cover main part, it has a plurality of through-holes to cut on the safety cover main part lateral wall, fixedly connected with and self assorted foreign matter filter screen in the through-hole, and the position that the foreign matter filter screen was located is higher than the tank bottom plate in washing storehouse slightly, and the setting of safety cover plays the guard action to ultrasonic generator under the prerequisite that does not influence ultrasonic generator normal work for the thick liquids debris that wash down from the jewelry surface is difficult for causing adverse effect to ultrasonic generator, and the thick liquids debris of pushing simultaneously is difficult for causing the foreign matter filter screen to block up, is difficult for influencing ultrasonic generator's normal work.

Further, sliding connection has with self assorted balancing weight in the constant head tank, and the balancing weight is located the upside of hierarchical screen frame, and the balancing weight plays the effect of balancing weight for suppress hierarchical screen frame, make hierarchical screen frame carry out the difficult great shake that takes place of in-process at the ultrasonic wave sieving mechanism, be difficult for influencing the holistic stability in washing storehouse.

Further, hierarchical screen frame selects for use magnetic material high strength stainless steel to support, the balancing weight selects for use the magnetite to make, adsorbs each other between hierarchical screen frame and the balancing weight, the handle groove has been dug to the one end that the constant head tank groove bottom plate was kept away from to the balancing weight, makes things convenient for the staff to take out hierarchical screen frame from wasing the storehouse.

Furthermore, the suspension ball includes the rubber ball cover, open in the rubber ball cover has the elasticity cavity, it has a plurality of elastic balls to fill in the elasticity cavity, increases the holistic elasticity of suspension ball for the collision between jewelry and the suspension ball turns into soft contact, further reduces the jewelry and at the loss of hierarchical screening process.

Furthermore, the inner wall of the rubber ball sleeve is fixedly connected with a protection net matched with the rubber ball sleeve, the protection net is formed by weaving high-toughness fibers, the protection net can prevent the elastic balls from leaking when the rubber ball sleeve is scratched, and the environment of grading screening is not easily influenced.

Further, fixedly connected with entanglement fiber on the outer wall of rubber ball cover, entanglement fiber between two adjacent rubber ball covers interweaves and entangles together, entanglement fiber and hierarchical screen cloth interweaves and entangles together on the suspension ball adjacent with hierarchical screen cloth, entanglement fiber's existence can make suspension ball position relatively stable suspension in the cleaning bin, entanglement fiber that entangles together each other simultaneously can form a plurality of inclosed compartments, part and the less jewelry that weight is lighter can't pass entanglement fiber and can be screened off, entanglement fiber also can further reduce the possibility of jewelry mutual contact simultaneously, reduce the self-polishing loss between the jewelry.

3. Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

the scheme can realize the batch production and processing of jewels, particularly jewels with smaller individuals, greatly increase the overall inlaying processing efficiency of the jewels, greatly increase the automatic exchange degree of jewel roughing and grading screening, increase the working efficiency of the procedures, simultaneously, the inlaid parts with the same specification are prefabricated for the jewels in the same group through classified screening, the inlaid parts do not need to be designed independently, the working time is greatly saved, the arrangement of the entangled fibers outside the rubber ball sleeve can further increase the segmentation degree between the jewels to be screened, the self-abrasion loss of the jewels in the screening process is greatly reduced, the appearance and the individual size of the jewels are not easily influenced, the production efficiency of the jewel inlaying process is greatly improved, particularly the production efficiency of valuable ore artware such as a diamond ring and the like is improved, the production cost of the valuable ore artware such as the diamond ring and the like is reduced, and the increasing requirements of people are met.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a principal flow diagram of the gemstone setting process of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the principal structure of the ultrasonic classified screening apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic classified screening device of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a front cross-sectional view of an ultrasonic classified screening apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the levitation ball of the present invention.

The reference numbers in the figures illustrate:

1 cleaning bin, 2 mounting grooves, 3 ultrasonic generating devices, 4 protective covers, 401 protective cover main bodies, 402 foreign matter filter screens, 5 positioning grooves, 6 limiting columns, 7 grading screen frames, 8 grading screen meshes, 9 balancing weights, 10 handle grooves, 11 suspension balls, 1101 rubber ball sleeves, 1102 protective nets, 1103 elastic balls, 1104 entangled fibers, 12 cleaning bin covers, 13 invisible handles and 14 sealing gaskets.

Detailed Description

The drawings in the embodiments of the invention will be combined; the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described; obviously; the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the invention; but not all embodiments, are based on the embodiments of the invention; all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step; all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1, a self-adaptive jewelry inlaying process for ornaments mainly comprises the following steps:

s1, roughly selecting jewels, roughly selecting the jewels to be processed, removing the jewels which are too small to be used for jewel inlaying and obviously contain impurity defects, particularly, detecting the jewels obviously containing impurities by utilizing naked eyes or laser according to the number of the jewels to be detected, when the detection number is small, manually detecting the jewels one by one to increase the detection precision, when the detection number is large, detecting the jewels to be detected in batches by utilizing the light transmittance of laser irradiation, and detecting the jewels which are not standard one by one to greatly reduce the detection intensity and increase the detection efficiency;

s4, grading and grading stones, further screening the jewels which are graded and screened at S3, removing part of individuals of which the shapes are not suitable for inlaying processing, designing a unified inlaying accessory according to the peak values of the sizes of the individual jewels of different groups, particularly, a plurality of jewels in the peak value size are not less than 10% of the number of the jewels of the group, manually grouping the jewels of a single individual or a small number of individuals with larger sizes according to the actual sizes, putting the jewels of the part into the groups with larger sizes for processing, enabling the jewels of each group to be matched with the inlaying accessory well, reducing the workload of jewel engineers in the inlaying process and increasing the working efficiency;

Referring to fig. 2-5, S3, in the classifying screen, an ultrasonic screening device for classifying screen comprises a cleaning bin 1, a cleaning bin cover 12 matched with the cleaning bin 1 is arranged on the upper end cover of the cleaning bin 1, an invisible handle 13 is chiseled on the cleaning bin cover 12, a sealing gasket 13 is connected between the cleaning bin 1 and the cleaning bin cover 12, the sealing gasket 13 is fixedly connected with the cleaning bin 1, an installation groove 2 is chiseled in the cleaning bin 1, an ultrasonic generator 3 is fixedly connected in the installation groove 2, a pair of positioning grooves 5 are chiseled on the inner wall of the cleaning bin 1, a classifying screen frame 7 matched with the cleaning bin 1 is slidably connected in the cleaning bin 1, the classifying screen frame 7 comprises lug blocks matched with the positioning grooves 5, the lug blocks are positioned in the positioning grooves 5, a classifying screen 8 matched with the classifying screen frame 7 is fixedly connected in the classifying screen frame 7, and a spacing column 6 is fixedly connected on the side wall of the positioning grooves 5, and spacing post 6 keeps away from one section of 5 lateral walls of constant head tank and runs through hierarchical screen frame 7 and extend to the notch department of cleaning bin 1, a plurality of suspension balls 11 have been placed in cleaning bin 1, a plurality of suspension balls 11 all are located hierarchical screen 8's upside, utilize ultrasonic wave screening technique to sieve the jewelry, through adding a plurality of suspension balls 11 in to screening plant and avoiding the jewelry to gather at the screening process and appear direct collision, reduce the self-polishing loss of jewelry at the screening process by a wide margin, it is special, the screening process, need load appropriate amount distilled water in the cleaning bin 1, make suspension ball 11 can suspend in distilled water.

Fixedly connected with and 3 assorted safety cover 4 of ultrasonic generator on the groove bottom plate of cleaning bin 1, safety cover 4 includes safety cover main part 401, it has a plurality of through-holes to cut on the safety cover main part 401 lateral wall, fixedly connected with and self assorted foreign matter filter screen 402 in the through-hole, and the position that foreign matter filter screen 402 locates is higher than the groove bottom plate of cleaning bin 1 slightly, the setting of safety cover 4 is under the prerequisite that does not influence the normal work of ultrasonic generator 3, play the guard action to ultrasonic generator 3, make the thick liquids debris that wash down from the jewelry surface difficult to cause adverse effect to ultrasonic generator 3, the thick liquids debris that push simultaneously is difficult for causing foreign matter filter screen 402 to block up, be difficult for influencing the normal work of ultrasonic generator 3.

Constant head tank 5 sliding connection have with self assorted balancing weight 9, and balancing weight 9 is located the upside of hierarchical screen frame 7, balancing weight 9 plays the effect of balancing weight, be used for suppressing hierarchical screen frame 7, make hierarchical screen frame 7 carry out the difficult great shake that takes place of in-process at the ultrasonic screening device, be difficult for influencing the holistic stability in cleaning storehouse 1, magnetic material high strength stainless steel support is selected for use to hierarchical screen frame 7, balancing weight 9 selects for use the magnetite to make, mutual adsorption between hierarchical screen frame 7 and the balancing weight 9, balancing weight 9 keeps away from the one end of constant head tank 5 groove bottom plates and cuts a hole has handle groove 10, make things convenient for the staff to take out hierarchical screen frame 7 from cleaning storehouse 1.

The suspension ball 11 comprises a rubber ball sleeve 1101, an elastic cavity is drilled in the rubber ball sleeve 1101, a plurality of elastic balls 1103 are filled in the elastic cavity, the elasticity of the whole suspension ball 11 is increased, so that the collision between jewels and the suspension ball 11 is converted into soft contact, the loss of the jewels in the grading screening process is further reduced, a protection net 1102 matched with the rubber ball sleeve 1101 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rubber ball sleeve 1101, the protection net 1102 is woven by high-tenacity fibers, the protection net 1102 can prevent the elastic balls 1103 from leaking when the rubber ball sleeve 1101 is scratched, the grading screening environment is not easily influenced, entangled fibers 1104 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rubber ball sleeve 1101, the entangled fibers 1104 between two adjacent rubber ball sleeves 1101 are interwoven and entangled with each other, the entangled fibers on the suspension ball 11 adjacent to the grading screen 8 are interwoven and entangled with the grading screen 8, the entangled fibers can enable the position of the suspension ball 11 to be relatively stably suspended in the cleaning bin 1104, meanwhile, the entangled fibers 1104 intertwined with each other form a plurality of closed compartments, and partial jewelry with light weight cannot pass through the entangled fibers 1104 to be screened out, and meanwhile, the entangled fibers 1104 can further reduce the possibility that the jewelry is contacted with each other and reduce self-abrasion loss between the jewelry.

Specially, the technical personnel can set up multiunit grading screen frame 7 and classifying screen 8 in washing storehouse 1 according to actual need, and wherein classifying screen 8's aperture chooses for use according to classifying screen's actual need, and classifying screen 8's aperture reduces from the top down in proper order, can realize once only carrying out many times classifying screen in washing storehouse 1.

This scheme can realize carrying out batch production and processing to the jewelry, especially individual less jewelry, increase the holistic machining efficiency of inlaying of jewelry by a wide margin, increase jewelry coarse selection and the automatic degree of changing of classified screening by a wide margin, increase the work efficiency of above-mentioned process, the accessory of inlaying of the same specification is prefabricated for the jewelry through classified screening same group simultaneously, need not to carry out the independent design to inlaying the accessory, save operating time by a wide margin, the outside entanglement fiber 1104's of rubber ball cover 1101 setting can further increase the segmentation degree between the jewelry of treating the screening, reduce the autogenous grinding loss of jewelry in the screening process by a wide margin, be difficult for influencing the facies and the individual size of jewelry.

The above; but are merely preferred embodiments of the invention; the scope of the invention is not limited thereto; any person skilled in the art is within the technical scope of the present disclosure; the technical scheme and the improved concept of the invention are equally replaced or changed; are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-adaptive jewelry inlaying process for ornaments is characterized by comprising the following steps: the main process comprises the following steps:

s3, classified screening, the jewelry through S2, rough polishing is classified screening, utilizes ultrasonic screening device to classify screening to the jewelry, ultrasonic screening device is including cleaning storehouse (1), the upper end cover of cleaning storehouse (1) is equipped with washing storehouse lid (12) that matches with self, it has stealthy handle (13) to cut on cleaning storehouse lid (12), be connected with sealed pad (13) between cleaning storehouse (1) and cleaning storehouse lid (12), and sealed pad (13) and cleaning storehouse (1) fixed connection, it has mounting groove (2) to cut in cleaning storehouse (1), fixedly connected with ultrasonic wave generating device (3) in mounting groove (2), it has a pair of constant head tank (5) to cut on the inner wall of cleaning storehouse (1), sliding connection has the classified screen frame (7) that matches with self in cleaning storehouse (1), and classified screen frame (7) including containing the ear piece that matches with constant head tank (5), the lug blocks are positioned in the positioning grooves (5), the grading screen frame (7) is fixedly connected with a grading screen (8) matched with the lug blocks, the side wall of each positioning groove (5) is fixedly connected with a limiting column (6), one section, far away from the side wall of each positioning groove (5), of each limiting column (6) penetrates through the grading screen frame (7) and extends to the notch of the cleaning bin (1), a plurality of suspension balls (11) are placed in the cleaning bin (1), the suspension balls (11) are all positioned on the upper side of the grading screen (8), and the jewels to be processed are divided into a plurality of groups according to the actual processing requirements and the sizes;

2. The self-adaptive jewelry inlaying process for ornaments as claimed in claim 1, wherein: s1, in the jewelry rough selection, the detection of the jewelry obviously containing impurities can be carried out by naked eyes or laser according to the number of the jewels to be detected, when the detection number is small, the jewels can be detected one by one manually, the detection precision is improved, when the detection number is large, the jewels to be detected can be detected in batches by utilizing the light transmittance of laser irradiation, and the jewels which are not detected to be standard are detected one by one.

3. The self-adaptive jewelry inlaying process for ornaments as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the S4 grading stone, the number of the jewels in the peak size is not less than 10% of the number of the grouped jewels, and for a single jewel or a small number of jewels with larger individuals, the jewels can be manually grouped according to the actual size, and the jewels are put into the grouped jewels with larger volume for processing.

4. The self-adaptive jewelry inlaying process for ornaments as claimed in claim 1, wherein: fixedly connected with and ultrasonic wave generating device (3) assorted safety cover (4) on the groove bottom plate in washing storehouse (1), safety cover (4) are including safety cover main part (401), it has a plurality of through-holes to cut on safety cover main part (401) lateral wall, fixedly connected with and self assorted foreign matter filter screen (402) in the through-hole, and the position that foreign matter filter screen (402) located is higher than the tank bottom plate that washs storehouse (1) slightly.

5. The self-adaptive jewelry inlaying process for ornaments as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the locating groove (5) is connected with a self-matched balancing weight (9) in a sliding mode, and the balancing weight (9) is located on the upper side of the grading screen frame (7).

6. The self-adaptive jewelry inlaying process for ornaments as claimed in claim 5, wherein: grading screen frame (7) are selected for use magnetic material high strength stainless steel and are supported, balancing weight (9) are selected for use the magnetite and are made, balancing weight (9) keep away from one end of constant head tank (5) groove bottom plate and cut a hole there is handle groove (10).

7. The self-adaptive jewelry inlaying process for ornaments as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the suspension ball (11) comprises a rubber ball sleeve (1101), an elastic cavity is formed in the rubber ball sleeve (1101) in a chiseling mode, and a plurality of elastic balls (1103) are filled in the elastic cavity.

8. The self-adaptive jewelry inlaying process for ornaments as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the inner wall of the rubber ball sleeve (1101) is fixedly connected with a protection net (1102) matched with the rubber ball sleeve, and the protection net (1102) is formed by weaving high-toughness fibers.

9. The self-adaptive jewelry inlaying process for ornaments as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the outer wall of each rubber ball sleeve (1101) is fixedly connected with entangled fibers (1104), the entangled fibers (1104) between two adjacent rubber ball sleeves (1101) are interwoven and entangled, and the entangled fibers (1104) on the floating balls (11) adjacent to the grading screen (8) are interwoven and entangled with the grading screen (8).