CN111464260A

CN111464260A - Signal sending and receiving method and equipment

Info

Publication number: CN111464260A
Application number: CN201910054822.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曲秉玉; 龚名新; 周永行
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-01-21
Filing date: 2019-01-21
Publication date: 2020-07-28
Anticipated expiration: 2039-01-21
Also published as: CN111464260B; WO2020151505A1

Abstract

A signal transmitting and receiving method and equipment are used for improving the performance of channel coding. The embodiment of the application can perform channel coding on the first code word to obtain the second code word, and the first coding mode and the second coding mode are respectively used in the process of obtaining 2/N elements and the rest 2/N elements of the second code word, wherein at least one of the first coding mode and the second coding mode is a nonlinear coding mode, and the nonlinear coding mode is adopted, so that the performance of channel coding is improved.

Description

Signal sending and receiving method and equipment

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a signal sending method, a signal receiving method, and a device.

Background

In a communication system, channel coding is generally used to perform error correction and error detection on transmission information, and then a scrambling method is used to ensure interference randomization. In an enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) scenario of a New Radio (NR) system, a control channel is encoded in a polar code (polar code) mode, and encoded bits are scrambled by a Gold sequence (sequence).

The polar code is a linear code based on the channel polarization theory, and in this way, the encoding process can be completed by generating a matrix. It is theorized that the polar code can reach the channel capacity in certain situations.

However, although the polar code has a relatively mature decoding algorithm and a relatively low complexity, the performance is not good enough under the condition of limited code length.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a signal sending method and device, which are used for improving the performance of channel coding.

In a first aspect, a first signaling method is provided, where the method includes: channel coding a first codeword of K elements to obtain a second codeword of N elements, wherein, n/2 elements of the second code word are third code words obtained by performing first coding on the first part of the first code word, the remaining N/2 elements of the second code word are a fourth code word, the fourth code word is obtained by performing modulo-A addition on a code word obtained by a second coding mode on the second part of the first code word and the third code word, the first portion is M elements of the first codeword, the second portion is the remaining K-M elements of the first codeword except for the M elements, at least one of the first coding mode and the second coding mode is a nonlinear coding mode, N and K are both positive integers, N > K, and A is an integer greater than 1; generating a first signal using the second codeword; and transmitting the first signal.

The method may be performed by a first communication device, which may be the first apparatus or a communication device capable of supporting the first apparatus to implement the functions required by the method, but may also be other communication devices, such as a system-on-chip. Here, the first communication apparatus is exemplified as the first device. The first device may be a terminal device or a network device. Illustratively, the network device is an access network device, such as a base station.

The embodiment of the application can perform channel coding on the first code word to obtain the second code word, and the first coding mode and the second coding mode are respectively used in the process of obtaining 2/N elements and the rest 2/N elements of the second code word, wherein at least one of the first coding mode and the second coding mode is a nonlinear coding mode, and the nonlinear coding mode is adopted, so that the performance of channel coding is improved.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first codeword is a part of an information element to be transmitted.

The first codeword may be a part of an information element to be transmitted, for example, the first codeword may be all of the information element to be transmitted, or may also be a part of the information element to be transmitted. If the first codeword is only a part of the information element to be transmitted, the same channel coding method as the first codeword may be used for processing other codewords except the first codeword in the information element to be transmitted, for example, the information element to be transmitted includes one codeword in addition to the first codeword, the same channel coding method may be used for the codeword, or a channel coding method different from the first codeword may be used for processing other codewords except the first codeword in the information element to be transmitted, which is not limited specifically.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the third codeword is the first N/2 elements of the second codeword, and the fourth codeword is the last N/2 elements of the second codeword.

In the embodiment of the present application, the third codeword may be the first N/2 elements of the second codeword, and the fourth codeword may be the last N/2 elements of the second codeword. Further, the first part may be the first M elements of the first codeword, and the second part may be the remaining K-M elements of the first codeword except for the first M elements. For another example, the first part of the first codeword may be the last M elements, or may be any M elements, and the first part of the first codeword may be continuous M elements, or may be discontinuous M elements, and the second part of the first codeword is the remaining K-M elements of the first codeword except for the first part of the first codeword. Similarly, the third codeword may be the last N/2 elements of the second codeword, or may be any N/2 elements of the second codeword, and the third codeword may be consecutive N/2 elements, or may be discontinuous N/2 elements, and the fourth codeword is the remaining N/2 elements of the second codeword except for the third codeword. The details are not intended to be limiting.

In a second aspect, a second signaling method is provided, the method comprising: for code words of K elements

Channel coding is carried out to obtain code words of N elements

Wherein the channel coding is such that

And

the requirements are met,

wherein, [ y ]₁,y₂,…,y_N/2]Is a code word

N/2 of the elements in the group,

is a code word

The remaining N/2 elements of (a),

which represents the addition of the modulo a,

is formed by

The resulting code word is encoded by a third encoding scheme,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded by the fourth encoding scheme,

is formed by

And encoding the obtained code word by a fifth encoding mode, wherein at least one of the third encoding mode and the fifth encoding mode is a nonlinear encoding mode, and the code word

Is the code word

B elements of, the codeword

Is the code word

The rest K-B elements in the total number of the elements, B is an integer larger than 0 and smaller than K, N and K are positive integers, N>K, A is an integer greater than 1; using said code word

Generating a first signal; and transmitting the first signal.

The method may be performed by a second communication apparatus, which may be the first device or a communication apparatus capable of supporting the first device to implement the functions required by the method, but may also be other communication apparatuses, such as a system-on-chip. Here, the second communication apparatus is exemplified as the first device. The first device may be a terminal device or a network device. Illustratively, the network device is an access network device, such as a base station.

The embodiment of the application can be used for code words

Channel coding is carried out to obtain code words

In obtaining a code word

In the process of the 2/N elements and the remaining 2/N elements, a third coding mode and a fifth coding mode are respectively used, at least one of the third coding mode and the fifth coding mode is a nonlinear coding mode, and the nonlinear coding mode is adopted, so that the performance of channel coding is improved.

In combination with the second aspect, in one possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the code word

Is part of the information element to be transmitted.

Code word

May be part of an information element to be transmitted, e.g. a code word

May be the whole of the information element to be transmitted or may be part of the information element to be transmitted. If the code word

Only part of the information element to be transmitted, the information element to be transmitted is then, in addition to the code word

Other code words than the above may be used

The same channel coding is used, e.g. the information elements to be transmitted are processed except for the code words

In addition to a code word, the channel coding can also be performed in the same way for this code word, or for information elements to be transmitted in addition to the code word

Other code words than the above may be used

Different channel coding modes are handled, and the details are not limited.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, or with reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the code word before coding corresponding to the non-linear coding manner is

The code word after coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

E>D, the non-linear encoding is such that

And said

The requirements are met,

wherein

Which represents the addition of the modulo a,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded in an eighteenth coding mode,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded in a nineteenth coding mode,

is formed by

The code word obtained by the twentieth coding mode is coded, [ h ]₁,h₂,…,h_E/2]Is the code word

E/2 of the elements in (a),

is a code word

The remaining E/2 elements of the codeword

Is the code word

Z elements of, the codeword

Is the code word

Z is an integer greater than 0 and less than D, and a is an integer greater than 1.

This is an example of a non-linear encoding method, and is not particularly limited thereto.

With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, or with reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the first coding manner is a Delstar-Goethals code, and the second coding manner is a first-order Reed-Muller code.

This is merely an example, and is not particularly limited thereto.

In a third aspect, a first signal receiving method is provided, the method comprising: receiving a first signal; the first signal is generated by a second codeword with N elements, the second codeword satisfies that N/2 elements of the second codeword are a third codeword, the third codeword is obtained by subjecting a first portion of the first codeword to a first coding scheme, remaining N/2 elements of the second codeword are a fourth codeword, the fourth codeword is obtained by subjecting a codeword obtained by subjecting a second portion of the first codeword to a second coding scheme and the third codeword to modulo-a addition, the first portion is M elements of the first codeword, the second portion is remaining K-M elements of the first codeword except the M elements, at least one of the first coding scheme and the second coding scheme is a non-linear coding scheme, and a is an integer greater than 1; and carrying out channel decoding on the first signal to obtain a first code word of K elements, wherein N and K are positive integers, and N is greater than K.

The method may be performed by a third communication device, which may be the second apparatus or a communication device capable of supporting the second apparatus to implement the functions required by the method, but may also be other communication devices, such as a system-on-chip. Here, the third communication apparatus is exemplified as the second device. The first device is a terminal device and the second device is a network device, or the first device is a network device and the second device is a terminal device. Illustratively, the network device is an access network device, such as a base station.

With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the first codeword is a part of a received information element.

With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the third codeword is the first N/2 elements of the second codeword, and the fourth codeword is the last N/2 elements of the second codeword.

In a fourth aspect, a second signal receiving method is provided, the method comprising: receiving a first signal; the first signal is a codeword of N elements

Generating, code word

The requirements are met,

wherein

Which represents the addition of the modulo a,

is formed by

The resulting code word is encoded by a third encoding scheme,

is formed by

Coded by the fourth coding modeThe code words of (a) are used,

is formed by

Coding the obtained code word by a fifth coding mode, wherein at least one of the third coding mode and the fifth coding mode is a nonlinear coding mode, [ y₁，y₂，…，y_N/2]Is a code word

N/2 of the elements in the group,

is a code word

The remaining N/2 elements; performing channel decoding on the first signal to obtain a code word of K elements

Wherein the code word

Is the code word

B elements of, the codeword

Is the code word

The rest K-B elements in the total number of the elements, B is an integer larger than 0 and smaller than K, N and K are positive integers, N>K and A are integers more than 1.

The method may be performed by a fourth communication device, which may be the second apparatus or a communication device capable of supporting the second apparatus to implement the functions required by the method, but may also be other communication devices, such as a system-on-chip. Here, the fourth communication apparatus is exemplified as the second device. The first device is a terminal device and the second device is a network device, or the first device is a network device and the second device is a terminal device. Illustratively, the network device is an access network device, such as a base station.

With reference to the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the code word

Is part of the received information element.

In a fifth aspect, a third signal receiving method is provided, the method comprising: receiving a first signal; the first signal is generated by a second codeword with N elements, the second codeword satisfies that N/2 elements of the second codeword are a third codeword, the third codeword is obtained by subjecting a first portion of the first codeword to a first coding scheme, remaining N/2 elements of the second codeword are a fourth codeword, the fourth codeword is obtained by subjecting a codeword obtained by subjecting a second portion of the first codeword to a second coding scheme and the third codeword to modulo-a addition, the first portion is M elements of the first codeword, the second portion is remaining K-M elements of the first codeword except the M elements, at least one of the first coding scheme and the second coding scheme is a non-linear coding scheme, and a is an integer greater than 1; performing channel decoding on a fourth code word in the second code words of the N elements to obtain a first channel decoding result; performing channel decoding on a third code word in the second code words of the N elements according to the first decoding result to obtain a second channel decoding result; and obtaining first code words of K elements according to the first channel decoding result and the second channel decoding result, wherein N and K are positive integers, and N is greater than K.

The method may be performed by a fifth communication device, which may be the second apparatus or a communication device capable of supporting the second apparatus to implement the functions required by the method, but may also be other communication devices, such as a system-on-chip. Here, the fifth communication apparatus is exemplified as the second device. The first device is a terminal device and the second device is a network device, or the first device is a network device and the second device is a terminal device. Illustratively, the network device is an access network device, such as a base station.

With reference to the fifth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the first codeword is a part of a received information element.

With reference to the fifth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the third codeword is the first N/2 elements of the second codeword, and the fourth codeword is the last N/2 elements of the second codeword.

With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, or with reference to the fourth aspect, or in a possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, or with reference to the fifth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the code word before coding corresponding to the non-linear coding scheme is a code word before coding corresponding to the non-linear coding scheme

The code word after coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

E>D, the non-linear encoding is such that

And said

The requirements are met,

wherein

Which represents the addition of the modulo a,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded in an eighteenth coding mode,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded in a nineteenth coding mode,

is formed by

E/2 of the elements in (a),

is a code word

The remaining E/2 elements of the codeword

Is the code word

Z elements of, the codeword

Is the code word

With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, or with reference to the fourth aspect, or with reference to the fifth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect, the first coding scheme is a delstar-Goethals code, and the second coding scheme is a first-order Reed-Muller code.

With regard to technical effects of the third aspect or of various possible embodiments of the third aspect, reference may be made to the introduction to the technical effects of the first aspect or of various possible embodiments of the first aspect. With regard to the technical effects of the fourth aspect or of the various possible embodiments of the fourth aspect, reference may be made to the introduction to the technical effects of the second aspect or of the various possible embodiments of the second aspect. With regard to the technical effects of the fifth aspect or of the various possible embodiments of the fifth aspect, reference may be made to the introduction to the technical effects of the first aspect or of the various possible embodiments of the first aspect.

In a sixth aspect, a first communication apparatus is provided, where the communication apparatus may be a first device or a chip in the first device. The communication device may include a processing module and a transceiver module. For example, the processing module may be a processor and the transceiver module may be a transceiver. Optionally, the communication device may further include a storage module, which may be a memory. The storage module is configured to store instructions, and the processing module executes the instructions stored by the storage module, so that the communication device performs the corresponding functions in the first aspect. When the communication means is a chip within the first device, the processing module may be a processor, and the transceiver module may be an input/output interface, a pin, a circuit, or the like; the processing module executes instructions stored in a storage module, which may be a storage unit (e.g., a register, a cache, etc.) in the chip or a storage unit (e.g., a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.) outside the chip in the first device, so as to enable the first device to perform the corresponding functions in the first aspect.

A seventh aspect provides a second communication apparatus, which may be a first device or a chip in the first device. The communication device may include a processing module and a transceiver module. For example, the processing module may be a processor and the transceiver module may be a transceiver. Optionally, the communication device may further include a storage module, which may be a memory. The storage module is configured to store instructions, and the processing module executes the instructions stored by the storage module, so that the communication device performs the corresponding functions in the first aspect. When the communication means is a chip within the first device, the processing module may be a processor, and the transceiver module may be an input/output interface, a pin, a circuit, or the like; the processing module executes instructions stored in a storage module, which may be a storage unit (e.g., a register, a cache, etc.) in the chip or a storage unit (e.g., a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.) outside the chip in the first device, so as to enable the first device to perform the corresponding functions in the second aspect.

In an eighth aspect, a third communication apparatus is provided, where the communication apparatus may be the second device or a chip in the second device. The communication device may include a processing module and a transceiver module. For example, the processing module may be a processor and the transceiver module may be a transceiver. Optionally, the communication device may further include a storage module, which may be a memory. The storage module is configured to store instructions, and the processing module executes the instructions stored by the storage module to enable the communication device to perform corresponding functions in the third aspect. When the communication means is a chip in the second device, the processing module may be a processor, and the transceiver module may be an input/output interface, a pin, a circuit, or the like; the processing module executes instructions stored in a storage module, which may be a storage unit (e.g., a register, a cache, etc.) in the chip or a storage unit (e.g., a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.) outside the chip, so as to enable the second device to perform the corresponding functions in the third aspect.

In a ninth aspect, a fourth communication device is provided, and the communication device may be the second device or a chip in the second device. The communication device may include a processing module and a transceiver module. For example, the processing module may be a processor and the transceiver module may be a transceiver. Optionally, the communication device may further include a storage module, which may be a memory. The storage module is configured to store instructions, and the processing module executes the instructions stored by the storage module, so that the communication device performs corresponding functions in the fourth aspect. When the communication means is a chip in the second device, the processing module may be a processor, and the transceiver module may be an input/output interface, a pin, a circuit, or the like; the processing module executes instructions stored in a storage module, which may be a storage unit (e.g., a register, a cache, etc.) in the chip or a storage unit (e.g., a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.) outside the chip in the second device, so as to enable the second device to perform the corresponding functions in the fourth aspect.

In a tenth aspect, a fifth communication apparatus is provided, where the communication apparatus may be a second device or a chip in the second device. The communication device may include a processing module and a transceiver module. For example, the processing module may be a processor and the transceiver module may be a transceiver. Optionally, the communication device may further include a storage module, which may be a memory. The storage module is configured to store instructions, and the processing module executes the instructions stored by the storage module, so that the communication device performs corresponding functions in the fifth aspect. When the communication means is a chip in the second device, the processing module may be a processor, and the transceiver module may be an input/output interface, a pin, a circuit, or the like; the processing module executes instructions stored in a storage module, which may be a storage unit (e.g., a register, a cache, etc.) in the chip or a storage unit (e.g., a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.) outside the chip, so as to enable the second device to perform the corresponding functions in the fifth aspect.

In an eleventh aspect, a first communication system is provided, which may include the first communication apparatus of the sixth aspect and the third communication apparatus of the eighth aspect.

A twelfth aspect provides a second communication system, which may comprise the first communication apparatus of the sixth aspect and the fifth communication apparatus of the tenth aspect.

A thirteenth aspect provides a third communication system, which may include the second communication apparatus of the seventh aspect and the fourth communication apparatus of the ninth aspect.

The first, second and third communication systems may be the same communication system, or may be different communication systems, or it is possible that any two of them are the same communication system and the remaining one is a different communication system.

In a fourteenth aspect, there is provided a computer storage medium having instructions stored thereon, which when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of the first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect.

In a fifteenth aspect, a computer storage medium is provided having stored therein instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of the second aspect or any one of the possible designs of the second aspect.

In a sixteenth aspect, there is provided a computer storage medium having stored therein instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of the third aspect or any one of the possible designs of the third aspect.

A seventeenth aspect provides a computer storage medium having stored therein instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of the fourth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the fourth aspect.

In an eighteenth aspect, there is provided a computer storage medium having instructions stored thereon, which when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of the fifth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the fifth aspect.

A nineteenth aspect provides a computer program product comprising instructions stored thereon, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of the first aspect described above or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect.

In a twentieth aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising instructions stored thereon which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of the second aspect or any one of the possible designs of the second aspect.

A twenty-first aspect provides a computer program product comprising instructions stored thereon, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of the third aspect or any one of the possible designs of the third aspect.

In a twenty-second aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising instructions stored thereon, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of the fourth aspect described above or any one of the possible designs of the fourth aspect.

A twenty-third aspect provides a computer program product comprising instructions stored thereon, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as set forth in the fifth aspect or any one of the possible designs of the fifth aspect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wireless device communicating with a wireless communication system;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an access network device in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a flowchart of a signal transmitting and receiving method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a process of generating a first signal by a first device in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a process of processing a first signal by a second device in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison between the performance of the channel coding result and the performance of the polarization code according to the method provided by the embodiment shown in fig. 4 in the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a flowchart of another signal transmitting and receiving method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process of obtaining a codeword y according to a codeword x according to the method provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 8 in the present application;

fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating a comparison between the performance of the channel coding result and the performance of the polarization code according to the method provided by the embodiment shown in fig. 8 in the present application;

fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a communication apparatus capable of implementing functions of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a communication apparatus capable of implementing functions of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a communication apparatus capable of implementing functions of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a communication apparatus capable of implementing functions of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, some terms in the embodiments of the present application are explained to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

1) Terminal equipment, including devices that provide voice and/or data connectivity to a user, such as a handheld device with wireless connection capability, or a processing device connected to a wireless modem, may communicate with a core network via a Radio Access Network (RAN), exchanging voice and/or data with the RAN.

By way of example and not limitation, in the embodiments of the present application, the terminal device may also be a wearable device. Wearable equipment can also be called wearable intelligent equipment, is the general term of applying wearable technique to carry out intelligent design, develop the equipment that can dress to daily wearing, like glasses, gloves, wrist-watch, dress and shoes etc.. A wearable device is a portable device that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the clothing or accessories of the user. The wearable device is not only a hardware device, but also realizes powerful functions through software support, data interaction and cloud interaction. The generalized wearable smart device includes full functionality, large size, and can implement full or partial functionality without relying on a smart phone, such as: smart watches or smart glasses and the like, and only focus on a certain type of application functions, and need to be used in cooperation with other devices such as smart phones, such as various smart bracelets, smart helmets, smart jewelry and the like for monitoring physical signs.

2) The network device may be configured to translate received air frames into Internet Protocol (IP) packets as a router between the terminal device and the rest of the access network, wherein the rest of the access network may include AN IP network, the network device may also coordinate attribute management of the air interface, for example, the network device may include AN evolved Node B (NodeB or eNB or e-NodeB) in a long term evolution (L) system or AN evolved L TE system (L TE-Advanced, L TE-a), or may also include a next generation Node B (nb) in a fifth generation mobile communication technology (five G) new radio (new, NR) system, or may also include a downlink Node B (nb, B) in a distributed access network (ran, CU), and/or a distributed access network (nb, cn) unit.

The network device described herein is not limited to include an access network device, and may also include a core network device. Alternatively, it is understood that the network device described herein is not limited to the serving cell or the serving base station of the terminal device, and may also be any network device that can store the capability information of the terminal device, such as a Mobility Management Entity (MME).

3) The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of the present application may be used interchangeably. "at least one" means one or more, "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, wherein A and B can be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "at least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of the singular or plural items. For example, at least one (one) of a, b, or c, may represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, wherein a, b, c may be single or multiple.

4) The term "a" in the embodiments of the present application means a single individual, and does not mean only one individual, and cannot be applied to other individuals. For example, in the embodiment of the present application, "one terminal device" refers to a certain terminal device, and does not mean that the terminal device is applicable to only one specific terminal device.

Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" (or "one implementation") or "an embodiment" (or "an implementation") means that a particular feature, structure, characteristic, or the like described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment.

In addition, in order to facilitate clear description of technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, in the embodiments of the present application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish the same items or similar items having substantially the same functions and actions. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the terms "first," "second," etc. do not denote any order or quantity, nor do the terms "first," "second," etc. denote any order or importance. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having" in the description of the embodiments and claims of the present application and the drawings are not intended to be exclusive. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or modules is not limited to only those steps or modules listed, but may include other steps or modules not listed.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to L TE system and fourth generation mobile communication technology (the 4)^thgeneration, 4G) system, 4.5G system, fifth generation mobile communication technology (the 5)^thgeneration, 5G) system, NR system or NR-like system, and may also be applied to future communication systems, or may also be applied to other similar communication systems.

Fig. 1 illustrates a communication diagram of a wireless device and a wireless communication system, which may be a system applying various Radio Access Technologies (RATs), such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), or single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), among others, for example, the wireless communication system may be a long term evolution (L TE) system, a wireless local area network (W L AN) system, a new radio, NR) system, various evolved or converged systems, and a system facing future communication technologies.

For simplicity, communication of one network device 102 (e.g., access network device) and one wireless device 104 (e.g., terminal device) is shown in fig. 1. In general, a wireless communication system may include any number of network devices as well as terminal devices. The wireless communication system may also include one or more core network devices or devices for carrying virtualized network functions, etc. The access network device 102 may provide services to wireless devices over one or more carriers. In this application, the access network device and the terminal device may be collectively referred to as a communication apparatus.

In this application, the access network device 102 may be the network device described above. For convenience of description, in this application, it is referred to as an access network device, sometimes referred to as a base station.

The wireless devices referred to in the embodiments of the present application may be terminal devices as described above, the wireless devices may support one or more wireless technologies for wireless communication, such as 5G, L TE, WCDMA, CDMA,1X, time-synchronous code division multiple access (TS-SCDMA), GSM,802.11, etc.

For example, mobile broadband services, enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) services, ultra-reliable low-latency communication (UR LL C) services, and so forth.

Further, a schematic diagram of a possible structure of the access network device 102 may be as shown in fig. 2. The access network device 102 is capable of performing the methods provided by the embodiments of the present application. The access network device 102 may include: a controller or processor 201 (the processor 201 is described below as an example), and a transceiver 202. Controller/processor 201 is also sometimes referred to as a modem processor (modem processor). Modem processor 201 may include a baseband processor (BBP) (not shown) that processes the digitized received signal to extract the information or data bits conveyed in the signal. As such, the BBP is typically implemented in one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) within modem processor 201 or as a separate Integrated Circuit (IC) as needed or desired.

The transceiver 202 may be used to support the transceiving of information between the access network device 102 and the terminal device, as well as to support the radio communication between the terminal devices. The processor 201 may also be used to perform various terminal device communication functions with other network devices. In the uplink, uplink signals from the terminal device are received via the antenna, demodulated by the transceiver 202, and further processed by the processor 201 to recover traffic data and/or signaling information sent by the terminal device. On the downlink, traffic data and/or signaling messages are processed by the terminal device and modulated by transceiver 202 to generate a downlink signal, which is transmitted via the antenna to the terminal device. The access network device 102 may also include a memory 203 that may be used to store program codes and/or data for the access network device 102. The transceiver 202 may include separate receiver and transmitter circuits or may be the same circuit that performs the transceiving function. The access network device 102 may further include a communication unit 204 for supporting the access network device 102 to communicate with other network entities. For example, network devices for supporting the access network device 102 to communicate with a core network, etc.

Optionally, the access network device may further include a bus. The transceiver 202, the memory 203, and the communication unit 204 may be connected to the processor 201 via a bus. For example, the bus may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, or the like. The bus may include an address bus, a data bus, and a control bus, among others.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a possible structure of a terminal device in the wireless communication system. The terminal device can execute the method provided by the embodiment of the application. The terminal device may be either of the two terminal devices 104. The terminal device includes a transceiver 301, an application processor (application processor)302, a memory 303, and a modem processor (modem processor) 304.

Transceiver 301 may condition (e.g., analog convert, filter, amplify, and upconvert, etc.) the output samples and generate an uplink signal, which is transmitted via an antenna to the base station as described in the above-described embodiments. On the downlink, the antenna receives a downlink signal transmitted by the access network device. Transceiver 301 may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, digitize, etc.) the received signal from the antenna and provide input samples.

Modem processor 304, sometimes referred to as a controller or processor, may include a baseband processor (BBP) (not shown) that processes a digitized received signal to extract the information or data bits conveyed in the signal. The BBP is typically implemented in one or more numbers within modem processor 304 or as separate Integrated Circuits (ICs) as needed or desired.

In one design, a modem processor (modem processor)304 may include an encoder 3041, a modulator 3042, a decoder 3043, and a demodulator 3044. The encoder 3041 is configured to encode a signal to be transmitted. For example, the encoder 3041 can be used to receive traffic data and/or signaling messages to be sent on the uplink and process (e.g., format, encode, interleave, etc.) the traffic data and signaling messages. The modulator 3042 is configured to modulate an output signal of the encoder 3041. For example, the modulator may process symbol mapping and/or modulation, etc., of the encoder's output signals (data and/or signaling) and provide output samples. The demodulator 3044 is configured to perform demodulation processing on the input signal. For example, demodulator 3044 processes the input samples and provides symbol estimates. The decoder 3043 is configured to decode the demodulated input signal. For example, the decoder 3043 deinterleaves, decodes, or the like the demodulated input signal, and outputs a decoded signal (data and/or signaling). Encoder 3041, modulator 3042, demodulator 3044, and decoder 3043 may be implemented by a combined modem processor 304. These elements are processed according to the radio access technology employed by the radio access network.

The modem processor 304 receives digitized data, which may represent voice, data, or control information, from the application processor 302 and processes the digitized data for transmission, the modem processor may support one or more of a variety of wireless communication protocols for a variety of communication systems, such as L TE, new air interface, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), and the like, and optionally, one or more memories may be included in the modem processor 304.

Alternatively, the modem processor 304 and the application processor 302 may be integrated in a single processor chip.

The memory 303 is used to store program code (also sometimes referred to as programs, instructions, software, etc.) and/or data used to support communication for the terminal devices.

It should be noted that the memory 203 or the memory 303 may include one or more memory units, for example, a memory unit inside the processor 201 or the modem processor 304 or the application processor 302 for storing program codes, or an external memory unit independent from the processor 201 or the modem processor 304 or the application processor 302, or a component including a memory unit inside the processor 201 or the modem processor 304 or the application processor 302 and an external memory unit independent from the processor 201 or the modem processor 304 or the application processor 302.

Processor 201 and modem processor 301 may be the same type of processor or may be different types of processors. For example, the processor may be implemented in a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a general purpose processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a hardware component, other integrated circuits, or any combination thereof. The processor 201 and modem processor 301 may implement or execute the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the disclosure of the embodiments of the application. The processor may also be a combination of devices implementing computing functionality, including for example one or more microprocessor combinations, DSP and microprocessor combinations or system-on-a-chip (SOC) or the like.

Those of skill in the art would appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithms described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, instructions stored in a memory or another computer-readable medium and executed by a processor or other processing device, or combinations of both. As an example, the apparatus described herein may be used in any circuit, hardware component, IC, or IC chip. The memory disclosed herein may be any type and size of memory and may be configured to store any type of information as desired. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. How such functionality is implemented depends upon the particular application, design choices, and/or design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The embodiment of the present application provides a signal sending and receiving method, and please refer to fig. 4 for a flowchart of the method. The method can be applied to the scenario shown in fig. 1, and in the following description, the application of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application to the scenario shown in fig. 1 is taken as an example. In addition, the method may be performed by two communication apparatuses, for example, a first communication apparatus and a second communication apparatus, wherein the first communication apparatus may be a network device or a communication apparatus (e.g., a system-on-chip) capable of supporting a network device to implement the functions required by the method, or the first communication apparatus may be a terminal device or a communication apparatus (e.g., a system-on-chip) capable of supporting a terminal device to implement the functions required by the method. The same is true for the second communication apparatus, which may be a network device or a communication apparatus (e.g. a system-on-chip) capable of supporting the network device to implement the functions required by the method, or the second communication apparatus may be a terminal device or a communication apparatus (e.g. a system-on-chip) capable of supporting the terminal device to implement the functions required by the method. For example, the first communication device may be a terminal device, the second communication device may be a network device, or both the first communication device and the second communication device may be network devices, or both the first communication device and the second communication device may be terminal devices, or the first communication device may be a terminal device, and the second communication device may be a communication device capable of supporting the network device to implement the functions required by the method, and so on. The network device is, for example, a base station.

For convenience of introduction, in the following, the method is performed by a first device and a second device as an example, specifically, the first communication apparatus is a first device, and the second communication apparatus is a second device as an example. The first device is, for example, a network device, and the second device is a terminal device, then the first signal described herein may be a downlink signal, or the first device is, for example, a terminal device, and the second device is, for example, a network device, then the first signal described herein may be an uplink signal.

S41, a first device performs channel coding on a first code word of K elements to obtain a second code word of N elements, wherein N/2 elements of the second code word are a third code word, the third code word is obtained by a first part of the first code word through a first coding mode, the remaining N/2 elements of the second code word are a fourth code word, the fourth code word is obtained by performing modulo-A addition processing on a code word obtained by a second part of the first code word through a second coding mode and the third code word, the first part is M elements of the first code word, the second part is the remaining K-M elements of the first code word except the M elements, at least one of the first coding mode and the second coding mode is a nonlinear coding mode, N and K are both positive integers, n > K, A is an integer greater than 1;

s42, the first device generates a first signal by using the second code word;

s43, the first device sends the first signal, and the second device receives the first signal from the first device;

and S44, the second device obtains the first code word according to the first signal.

In the embodiment of the present application, the third codeword may be the first N/2 elements of the second codeword, and the fourth codeword may be the last N/2 elements of the second codeword. Further, the first portion of the first codeword may be the first M elements of the first codeword, and the second portion of the first codeword may be the remaining K-M elements of the first codeword except for the first M elements.

For another example, the first part of the first codeword may be the last M elements, or may be any M elements, and the first part of the first codeword may be continuous M elements, or may be discontinuous M elements, and the second part of the first codeword is the remaining K-M elements of the first codeword except for the first part of the first codeword. Similarly, the third codeword may be the last N/2 elements of the second codeword, or may be any N/2 elements of the second codeword, and the third codeword may be consecutive N/2 elements, or may be discontinuous N/2 elements, and the fourth codeword is the remaining N/2 elements of the second codeword except for the third codeword. The embodiments of the present application only take the first part of the first codeword as the first M elements of the first codeword, and take the third codeword as the first N/2 elements of the second codeword for explanation.

The first device needs to perform channel coding on the first codeword to send the first codeword, and may obtain the second codeword after performing channel coding. The first codeword may be referred to as a pre-coding codeword, and the second codeword may be referred to as a post-coding codeword.

For example, the first codeword is

The second code word is

Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

or, the first codeword is

The second code word is

The first code word is used as

The second code word is

For example. In this document, the channel coding is an a-ary code, where a is an integer greater than 1, for example, a may have a value of 2 or 4, where if a is 2, a value range of each element of the corresponding codeword may be {0,1}, and if a is 4, a value range of each element of the corresponding codeword may be {0,1,2,3 }. Generally, 2 is used, and a ═ 2 is taken as an example for description, that is, if no special description is given, a element code refers to binary code, that is, element x of the first code word_iAnd element y of the second codeword_iIs 0 or 1.

Representing a second codeword

Is formed by splicing two parts, the first half part, namely the first N/2 elements is

The second half, i.e. the last N/2 elements, is

The first N/2 elements of the second codeword may be referred to as a third codeword, e.g., represented as

Is a codeword in a first set of codewords, the first set of codewords being a set of codewords available for a first coding scheme, or the first set of codewords corresponding to the first coding scheme, that is, the third codeword is derived from a first part of the first codeword via the first coding scheme,

representing the first part of the first codeword, M is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K. When the method of this embodiment is implemented, the first device does not necessarily need to actually generate the first codeword set, but only the first codeword set in this embodiment is implemented in this application

Such a feature is satisfied. The last N/2 elements of the second codeword may be referred to as a fourth codeword, e.g., represented as

Is a codeword in the second codeword set, the second codeword set is a set of codewords available for the second coding scheme, or the second codeword set corresponds to the second coding scheme, that is, the fourth codeword is obtained by performing modulo-a addition on a codeword obtained by the second coding scheme on the second part of the first codeword and the third codeword,

the second part of the first codeword is represented. Similarly, when the method of this embodiment is implemented, the first device does not necessarily need to actually generate the second codeword set, but only the second codeword set in this embodiment is implemented in this application

Such a feature is satisfied. The codeword sets described herein are not necessarily actually present in implementing the embodiments of the present application, but are merely used to illustrate the features satisfied by the codewords. In this document, except for the pre-coding codeword and the post-coding codeword, other codewords are not necessarily actually present in implementing the embodiments of the present application, and are only used for explaining characteristics satisfied by coding, or only used for explaining characteristics satisfied by the pre-coding codeword and the post-coding codeword.

Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

denotes modulo a addition, in various embodiments of the present application, to

(or modulo-a addition) may be defined as,

"+" is the normal arithmetic addition (arithmetric addition) and mod denotes the modulo operation.

In this embodiment, at least one of the first encoding scheme and the second encoding scheme is a non-linear encoding scheme. Optionally, besides the at least one encoding method, the other encoding method may be linear encoding or may be non-linear encoding.

If a coding mode satisfies that the linear combination of any two or more coded code words is still the code word in the code word space, the coding is linear coding, otherwise, the coding is nonlinear coding. The codeword space refers to a set of codewords obtained after encoding. Since the a-ary code is described herein by way of a binary code, the linear combination described herein is described by way of a linear operation in the binary domain. When the A-ary code is the element of other numerical value, the domain is the corresponding A-ary domain.

The nonlinear coding in the embodiment of the application is nonlinear coding on an A-element domain. The coding mode may be linear coding on other meta-fields.

Further, the non-linear knitting in this embodimentThe code may be a code of a Kerdock code or a code of a delstar-Goethals code, or may be a code of another code. The Kerdock code and the Delstar-Goethals code are two common nonlinear codes, and have better minimum code distance and code distance distribution, so that the code channel coding performance is better. The code of Kerdock and the code of Delstar-Goethals are Z₄The linear code in (1) can obtain the coded quaternary code word by a mode of generating a matrix, wherein Z is₄And quaternion is a meaning, both meaning that the values of the elements of the codeword can be 0,1,2 or 3. the generator matrices of the Kerdock code and the delsearch-Goethals code can be obtained by a primitive basic irreducible polynomial (primative basic irreducible polynomic) the quaternion codeword is mapped by Gray to obtain the required binary code, the Gray mapping is a quaternion to binary mapping manner, which can be expressed as defining two mappings β (c) and γ (c),

the Gray mapping can be expressed as

For example, c is 0, c is Gray mapped to obtain a codeword of (0,0), c is 1, c is Gray mapped to obtain a codeword of (0,1), e.g., a codeword [0,1,2,3]The code word obtained after mapping is [0,0,1,1,0]. After a quaternary codeword is Gray mapped, the codeword length can become twice the original codeword length.

Alternatively, the nonlinear coding method in the embodiment of the present application may also satisfy the following condition: the non-linear coding corresponds to a pre-coding codeword of

The code word after coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

E>D, or the code word before coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

The code word after coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

The code word before coding corresponding to the non-linear coding mode is

The code word after coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

For example. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the elements of the code word referred to in the embodiments of the present application are all numbered from "1", but the embodiments of the present application do not limit that the elements of the code word may be numbered from "0". Non-linear encoding is such that

And

the requirements are met,

wherein

Which represents the addition of the modulo a,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded in an eighteenth coding mode,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded in a nineteenth coding mode,

is formed by

And coding the obtained code word by the twentieth coding mode. [ h ] of₁,h₂,…，h_E/2]Is a code word

E/2 of the elements in (a),

is a code word

Except for [ h ]₁，h₂，…，h_E/2]The remaining E/2 elements, the codewords

Is a code word

Z elements of (1), code words

Is a code word

Except for code word

The remaining D-Z elements, Z being an integer greater than 0 and less than D.

As an alternative, the eighteenth coding scheme is different from the nineteenth coding scheme, although the possibility that the eighteenth coding scheme is the same as the nineteenth coding scheme is not excluded. Similarly, as an alternative, the eighteenth coding mode is different from the twentieth coding mode, but the possibility that the eighteenth coding mode is the same as the twentieth coding mode is not excluded.

For example, the first coding scheme is a Delstar-Goethals code, and the second coding scheme is a first-order Reed-Muller code, although the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.

For example, when K is 24, N is 128, and M is 17, better performance can be obtained by performing channel coding in the manner provided by the embodiments of the present application.

In the embodiment of the present application, at least one of the first coding scheme and the second coding scheme is a non-linear coding scheme, and generally, the non-linear coding has a lower error rate than the linear coding, so that the non-linear coding has better performance than the linear coding. Branch codes of polarization codes in the prior art are all linear codes, while the channel codes provided by the embodiment of the application meet the requirement of a Poluogen (Plotkin) structure, and meanwhile, the branch codes use nonlinear codes.

In the embodiment of the present application, the channel coding may be an iterative process. For example, for a first codeword, the first codeword is divided into

And

the two parts are processed separately. During the processing, each of the two parts may be further divided into two parts, and the two parts obtained by further dividing may be processed in the same manner as the above-described method, for example, the eighteenth encoding manner, the nineteenth encoding manner, and the like. . Further, each of the two parts obtained by further dividing may be further divided into two parts in the same manner, and the new two parts may still be processed in the same manner as the method described above, so that the iteration is performed step by step. Therefore, at each iteration, two coding modes exist for the two divided parts respectively, and both the two coding modes are the branch codes of the codes. Therefore, the information to be coded is divided into two parts for coding, the two parts can use the same coding mode or different coding modes, and each coding mode forms a branch code.

In the embodiment of the present application, at least one of the two encoding modes in at least one iteration process is a non-linear encoding mode. It is easy to understand that, in the process of iteratively generating the code word, the more nonlinear coding modes are adopted, the better the performance is improved. For example, in the embodiment of the present application, at least one of the two corresponding encoding modes may be a non-linear encoding mode in each iteration, or the encoding modes involved in the iteration process may be both non-linear encoding modes in order to achieve a large improvement on performance.

Although the iteration process in the above embodiment is to further divide the first coding scheme and the second coding scheme into other coding schemes, it can be understood that the method in the embodiment of the present application may be a realization process of a certain encoded branch code, for example, a coding process of a minimum iteration unit in the above iteration process. That is, the method in the embodiment of the present application can be used as a branch code, and a new encoding method can be configured together with other branch codes. In this case, the first signal may further include a portion generated using a codeword other than the second codeword.

For better understanding, the iterative process of the embodiment of the present application will be described below by further dividing the first coding scheme and the second coding scheme into examples.

For example, the first N/4 elements of the third codeword are the fifth codeword, the fifth codeword is obtained by subjecting the first part of the pre-encoded codeword corresponding to the third codeword to the ninth encoding method, the last N/2 elements of the third codeword are the sixth codeword, the sixth codeword is obtained by subjecting the codeword obtained by subjecting the second part of the pre-encoded codeword corresponding to the third codeword to the tenth encoding method and the fifth codeword to the modulo a addition, the first part of the pre-encoded codeword corresponding to the third codeword is the first Λ elements of the pre-encoded codeword corresponding to the third codeword, the second part of the pre-encoded codeword corresponding to the third codeword is the remaining M- Λ elements of the pre-encoded codeword corresponding to the third codeword, excluding the first Λ elements, Λ is an integer greater than 0 and less than M

The fifth code word is

Is a code word in the third code word set, the third code word set is a set of code words available for encoding by the ninth encoding mode, that is, the fifth code word is a first part of a code word before encoding corresponding to the third code word

The code word obtained by the ninth coding mode is coded, and the sixth code word is

Is a code word in a fourth code word set, the fourth code word set is a set of code words available for coding by a tenth coding mode, that is, the sixth code word is a second part of the code word before coding corresponding to the third code word

And coding the obtained code word by the tenth coding mode. Then, at least one of the ninth coding method and the tenth coding method may be a non-linear coding method, or both the ninth coding method and the tenth coding method may be a linear coding method.

The same is true for the fourth codeword. The first N/4 elements of the fourth codeword are a seventh codeword, the seventh codeword is obtained by subjecting the first part of the pre-coding codeword corresponding to the fourth codeword to an eleventh coding mode, the last N/2 elements of the fourth codeword are an eighth codeword, the eighth codeword is obtained by subjecting the codeword obtained by subjecting the second part of the pre-coding codeword corresponding to the fourth codeword to a twelfth coding mode and the seventh codeword to modulo A addition, the first part of the pre-coding codeword corresponding to the fourth codeword is the first B-M elements of the pre-coding codeword corresponding to the fourth codeword, the second part of the pre-coding codeword corresponding to the fourth codeword is the remaining K-B elements of the pre-coding codeword corresponding to the fourth codeword except the first B-M elements, and B is an integer greater than M and less than K. For example, the fourth codeword is

The seventh code word is

Is a code word in a fifth code word set, the fifth code word set is a set of code words available for encoding by the eleventh encoding mode, that is, the seventh code word is a first part of a code word before encoding corresponding to the fourth code word

By the eleventh encoding modeThe eighth code word is

Is a code word in a sixth code word set, the sixth code word set is a set of code words available for encoding by a twelfth encoding mode, that is, the eighth code word is a second part of the code word before encoding corresponding to the fourth code word

And coding the obtained code word by the twelfth coding mode. Then, at least one of the eleventh coding scheme and the twelfth coding scheme may be a non-linear coding scheme, or both the eleventh coding scheme and the twelfth coding scheme may be a linear coding scheme. At least one of the ninth coding scheme, the tenth coding scheme, the eleventh coding scheme and the twelfth coding scheme is a nonlinear coding scheme.

An iterative process is described above and is described again below.

For example, the first N/8 elements of the fifth codeword are ninth codeword, the ninth codeword is obtained by performing a thirteenth coding manner on the first part of the pre-coded codeword corresponding to the fifth codeword, the last N/8 elements of the fifth codeword are tenth codeword, the tenth codeword is obtained by performing a modulo a addition on the codeword obtained by performing a fourteenth coding manner on the second part of the pre-coded codeword corresponding to the fifth codeword and the ninth codeword, the first part of the pre-coded codeword corresponding to the fifth codeword is the first G elements of the pre-coded codeword corresponding to the fifth codeword, the second part of the pre-coded codeword corresponding to the fifth codeword is the remaining Λ -G elements of the pre-coded codeword corresponding to the fifth codeword, excluding the first G elements, and G is an integer greater than 0 and less than Λ

The ninth codeword is

The ninth codeword is a codeword in a seventh codeword set, which is a set of codewords available for encoding in a thirteenth encoding manner, that is, the ninth codeword is a first part of a codeword before encoding corresponding to the fifth codeword

The code word obtained by the coding of the thirteenth coding mode, the tenth code word is

Is a code word in the eighth code word set, the eighth code word set is a set of code words available for encoding by the fourteenth encoding mode, that is, the tenth code word is a second part of the code word before encoding corresponding to the fifth code word

And the second part of the code word is coded by the fourteenth coding mode. Then, at least one of the thirteenth coding method and the fourteenth coding method may be a non-linear coding method, or both the thirteenth coding method and the fourteenth coding method may be a linear coding method.

For example, the first N/8 elements of the sixth codeword are the eleventh codeword, the eleventh codeword is obtained by subjecting the first portion of the pre-encoded codeword corresponding to the sixth codeword to the fifteenth encoding method, the last N/8 elements of the sixth codeword are the twelfth codeword, the twelfth codeword is obtained by performing modulo-a addition on the codeword obtained by subjecting the second portion of the pre-encoded codeword corresponding to the sixth codeword to the sixteenth encoding method and the eleventh codeword, the first portion of the pre-encoded codeword corresponding to the sixth codeword is the first F- Λ elements of the pre-encoded codeword corresponding to the sixth codeword, and the second portion of the pre-encoded codeword corresponding to the sixth codeword is the portion of the pre-encoded codeword corresponding to the sixth codeword other than the pre-encoded codeword corresponding to the sixth codewordThe remaining M-F elements, excluding the first F- Λ elements, F being an integer greater than Λ and less than M

The eleventh code word is

Is a code word in a ninth code word set, the ninth code word set is a set of code words available for encoding by a fifteenth encoding mode, that is, an eleventh code word is formed by

The code word obtained by the fifteenth coding mode is coded, and the twelfth code word is

Is a code word in the tenth code word set, the tenth code word set is a set of code words available for encoding by the sixteenth encoding mode, that is, the twelfth code word is composed of

And encoding the obtained code word by a sixteenth encoding mode. Then, at least one of the fifteenth coding method and the sixteenth coding method may be a non-linear coding method, or both the fifteenth coding method and the sixteenth coding method may be a linear coding method.

For example, the first N/8 elements of the seventh codeword are thirteenth codewords, the thirteenth codeword is obtained by subjecting the first part of the pre-encoded codeword corresponding to the seventh codeword to a seventeenth encoding scheme, the last N/8 elements of the seventh codeword are fourteenth codewords, the fourteenth codeword is obtained by subjecting the codeword obtained by subjecting the second part of the pre-encoded codeword corresponding to the seventh codeword to a twenty-first encoding scheme and the thirteenth codeword to modulo a addition, the first part of the pre-encoded codeword corresponding to the seventh codeword is the first H-M elements of the seventh codeword, and the fifth codeword is the first H-M elements of the pre-encoded codeword corresponding to the fifth codewordThe second part is the remaining B-H elements of the coded front code word corresponding to the fifth code word except the first H-M elements, and H is an integer which is larger than M and smaller than B. For example, the seventh codeword is

Thirteenth code word

Is a code word in the eleventh code word set, the eleventh code word set is a set of code words available for encoding by the seventeenth encoding mode, that is, the thirteenth code word is formed by

The code word obtained by seventeen coding modes, wherein the fourteenth code word is

Is a code word in the twelfth code word set, the twelfth code word set is a set of code words available for encoding by the twelfth eleventh encoding mode, that is, the fourteenth code word is encoded by the twelfth code word set

And coding the obtained code word by a twenty-first coding mode. At least one of the seventeenth coding scheme and the twenty-first coding scheme may be a non-linear coding scheme, or both the seventeenth coding scheme and the twenty-first coding scheme may be a linear coding scheme.

For example, the first N/8 elements of the eighth codeword are the fifteenth codeword, the fifteenth codeword is obtained by performing the twenty-second coding on the first part of the pre-coded codeword corresponding to the eighth codeword, the last N/8 elements of the eighth codeword are the sixteenth codeword, the sixteenth codeword is obtained by performing the modulo-a addition on the codeword obtained by performing the twenty-third coding on the second part of the pre-coded codeword corresponding to the eighth codeword and the fifteenth codeword, and the first part of the pre-coded codeword corresponding to the eighth codeword is the eighth codewordThe first Q-B elements of the pre-coded codeword corresponding to the word, the second part of the pre-coded codeword corresponding to the sixth codeword is the remaining K-Q elements of the pre-coded codeword corresponding to the sixth codeword except the first Q-B elements, and Q is an integer greater than B and less than K. For example, the eighth codeword is

Fifteenth code word

Is a code word in a thirteenth code word set, which is a set of code words available for coding by a twenty-second coding scheme, that is, a fifteenth code word is formed by

The code word obtained by the twenty-second coding mode coding is the sixteenth code word

Is a code word in the fourteenth code word set, the fourteenth code word set is a set of code words available for the twenty-third coding scheme, that is, the sixteenth code word is formed by

And encoding the obtained code word by a twenty-third encoding mode. At least one of the twenty-second coding scheme and the twenty-third coding scheme may be a non-linear coding scheme, or both the twenty-second coding scheme and the twenty-third coding scheme may be linear coding schemes.

Similar iteration processes can be performed on all or part of the ninth codeword to the sixteenth codeword, and the iteration processes can be continued on the codewords obtained after iteration, because the processes are similar and are not described more. In short, when each codeword is subjected to channel coding, two coding modes are involved, and in the embodiment of the present application, at least one of the two coding modes may be a non-linear coding mode, so as to improve the channel coding performance.

In this embodiment, the process of obtaining the second code word by the first device according to the first code word and obtaining the first signal according to the second code word may refer to fig. 5. The first device encodes the first codeword (i.e., the K-bit encoded pre-codeword of fig. 5)

) Channel coding is performed to obtain a second codeword (i.e., the N-bit coded codeword in fig. 5), and then the second codeword is obtained. The first device may scramble the second codeword with the scrambling sequence to obtain an N-bit scrambled codeword

The first device will scramble the code word

Modulation, for example, Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) modulation or Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation is performed to obtain modulated symbols

Then will be

The first device performs Inverse Fast Fourier Transformation (IFFT) on the frequency domain signal containing L elements to obtain a corresponding time domain signal, and adds a cyclic prefix to the time domain signal to generate a first signal.

As shown in fig. 6, after receiving the first signal, the second device may remove the cyclic prefix from the received first signal, and then perform Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to obtain a signal in the frequency domain. I.e. modulation symbols carried by the individual subcarriers. Then, the second device demaps the frequency domain signal to obtain a modulation symbol, and performs channel equalization according to a channel coefficient obtained by channel estimation. Then the second device carries out the solution to the modulation symbol after the channel equalizationAnd modulating to obtain a code word on the modulation symbol. Removing the scrambling code from the code word and the scrambling code module two to obtain the code word

Then to the code word

Channel decoding is carried out to obtain decoded code words

The common channel decoding method includes maximum likelihood decoding or decoding approaching maximum likelihood.

For example, a common way of channel equalization is to divide a modulation symbol by a channel coefficient on a corresponding subcarrier to obtain an equalized modulation symbol.

Common channel decoding methods are maximum likelihood decoding or decoding that approaches maximum likelihood. One way to achieve maximum likelihood decoding is to use codewords

Or, according to the structural characteristics of the code words, a decoding manner approximating the maximum likelihood may be adopted, for example, the polarization code may adopt an interference-cancellation-path (SC L) decoding algorithm, and the encoding in the embodiment of the present application may adopt an SC L decoding algorithm similar to the polarization code.

For the second device, may be based on

Obtaining the likelihood ratio of the second code word

Obtaining the likelihood ratio of the fourth code word according to the likelihood ratio of the second code word

Decoding the fourth code word according to the likelihood ratio of the fourth code word to obtain the second part of the first code word, and then obtaining the likelihood ratio of the third code word according to the likelihood ratio of the second part of the first code word and the second code word

And decoding the third code word according to the likelihood ratio of the third code word to obtain the first part of the first code word, which is beneficial to reducing the decoding complexity of the second equipment. If the third codeword or the fourth codeword also satisfies the plotkin structure, a decoding algorithm similar to the above-mentioned decoding algorithm can be used, so as to further reduce the decoding complexity of the second device.

For the second device, the channel decoding may be performed on a portion of the first signal that only includes the fourth codeword to obtain the fourth codeword, and then the third codeword is obtained according to the fourth codeword, or the second device performs channel decoding on the fourth codeword in the second codeword to obtain a first channel decoding result, and then performs channel decoding on the third codeword in the second codeword according to the first channel decoding result to obtain a second channel decoding result, and the first codeword may be obtained according to the first channel decoding result and the second channel decoding result. In this way, the complexity of decoding by the second device is reduced.

For example, K is 24, N is 128, M is 17, the first coding method is a Delstar-Goethals code (non-linear coding), the second coding method is a first-order Reed-Muller code (linear coding), please refer to FIG. 7, which is a functional relationship diagram between a block error rate (B L ER) and a signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR), the upper curve in FIG. 7 is a curve corresponding to a polar code, and the lower curve is a curve corresponding to a channel coding method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the polar code in the figure adopts SC L decoding, and 32 paths are reserved for decoding, as can be seen from FIG. 7, when B L ER is 10^-5When the channel coding is performed according to the channel coding method provided by the embodiment of the application, compared with the polarization code, the channel coding has 0.8dBLeft and right gains.

It should be noted that the processes shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6 in the embodiments of the present application may be an example. In practical implementation, only part of the above process may be implemented, or other operations may also be implemented, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the above process. As long as the processes of the first device and the second device are corresponding.

In order to solve the same technical problem, an embodiment of the present application further provides a signal sending and receiving method, and please refer to fig. 8 for a flowchart of the method. The method can be applied to the scenario shown in fig. 1, and in the following description, the application of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application to the scenario shown in fig. 1 is taken as an example. In addition, the method may be performed by two communication apparatuses, for example, a third communication apparatus and a fourth communication apparatus, wherein the third communication apparatus may be a network device or a communication apparatus (e.g., a system on chip) capable of supporting the network device to implement the functions required by the method, or the third communication apparatus may be a terminal device or a communication apparatus (e.g., a system on chip) capable of supporting the terminal device to implement the functions required by the method. The same applies to the fourth communication apparatus, which may be a network device or a communication apparatus (e.g., a system on chip) capable of supporting a network device to implement the functions required by the method, or a terminal device or a communication apparatus (e.g., a system on chip) capable of supporting a terminal device to implement the functions required by the method. The third communication device may be a terminal device, the fourth communication device is a network device, or both the third communication device and the fourth communication device are network devices, or both the third communication device and the fourth communication device are terminal devices, or the third communication device is a terminal device, and the fourth communication device is a communication device capable of supporting the network device to implement the functions required by the method, and so on. The network device is, for example, a base station.

For convenience of introduction, in the following, the method is taken as an example executed by the first device and the second device, and specifically, the third communication device is the first device, and the fourth communication device is the second device. The first device is, for example, a network device, and the second device is a terminal device, then the first signal described herein may be a downlink signal, or the first device is, for example, a terminal device, and the second device is, for example, a network device, then the first signal described herein may be an uplink signal.

S81, first device to code word of K elements

Channel coding is carried out to obtain code words of N elements

Wherein the channel coding is such that

And

the requirements are met,

wherein, [ y ]₁,y₂,…,y_N/2]Is a code word

N/2 of the elements in the group,

is a code word

The remaining N/2 elements of (a),

which represents the addition of the modulo a,

is formed by

The resulting code word is encoded by a third encoding scheme,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded by the fourth encoding scheme,

is formed by

Is the code word

B elements of, the codeword

Is the code word

The rest K-B elements in the total number of the elements, B is an integer larger than 0 and smaller than K, N and K are positive integers, N>K, A is an integer greater than 1;

s82, the first device uses the code word

Generating a first signal;

s83, the first device sends the first signal, and the second device receives the first signal from the first device;

s84, the second device obtains the code word according to the first signal

It is noted that the code word y₁,y₂,…,y_N/2]Means that the code word is a code word

The N/2 elements in the first group may be the first N/2 elements, the last N/2 elements, or any N/2 elements. And code word y₁,y₂,…,y_N/2]May be a code word

Or non-consecutive N/2 elements. Code word

Indicating that the codeword is a codeword

Except for the codeword y₁,y₂,…,y_N/2]The remaining N/2 elements. Wherein the reference numeral of an element does not denote the element codeword

The actual position of (a). Code word

And code word

The same applies to the above description, and will not be described in detail.

In the embodiment of the application, the code word [ y₁,y₂,…,y_N/2]Is a code word

Is not greater than2 elements, code words

Is a code word

The first B elements are illustrated as examples. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

Wherein the code word

May be referred to as a pre-encoded codeword, a codeword

May be referred to as a coded codeword. In the embodiment of the application, the code words are matched

Interleaving is performed without changing the coding performance. For code word

Interleaving may be performed without changing the coding performance. Reference is made to the description of the embodiment shown in fig. 4.

In this document, the channel coding is an a-ary code, where a is an integer greater than 1, for example, a may have a value of 2 or 4, where if a is 2, a value range of each element of the corresponding codeword may be {0,1}, and if a is 4, a value range of each element of the corresponding codeword may be {0,1,2,3 }. Generally, 2 is used, and a ═ 2 is taken as an example for description, that is, if no special description is given, a element code refers to binary code, that is, element x of the first code word_iAnd element y of the second codeword_iIs 0 or 1.

In the embodiment of the present application, the non-linear codes may be Kerdock codes or delstar-Goethals codes, or may be other codes. For the introduction of the Kerdock code or the delstar-Goethals code, reference is made to the embodiment shown in fig. 4.

Alternatively, the embodiment of the present application is non-linearThe code mode may also satisfy the following condition: the non-linear coding corresponds to a pre-coding codeword of

The code word after coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

The code word after coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

The code word before coding corresponding to the non-linear coding mode is

The code word after coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

And

the requirements are met,

wherein

Which represents the addition of the modulo a,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded in an eighteenth coding mode,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded in a nineteenth coding mode,

is formed by

And coding the obtained code word by the twentieth coding mode. [ h ] of₁,h₂,…,h_E/2]Is a code word

E/2 of the elements in (a),

is a code word

Except for [ h ]₁,h₂,…,h_E/2]The remaining E/2 elements, the codewords

Is a code word

Z elements of (1), code words

Is a code word

Except for code word

In my remaining D-Z elements, Z is an integer greater than 0 and less than D.

Note that [ h ]₁,h₂,…，h_E/2]And

can refer to the above codeword y₁，y₂,…,y_N/2]And code word

A relation of (c), a code word [ g ]₁,g₂,…,g_Z]And code word

Can also refer to the above codeword y₁,y₂,…,y_N/2]And code word

The relationship (2) is not described in detail herein.

In the embodiment of the present application, at least one of the third coding scheme and the fifth coding scheme is a non-linear coding scheme, and generally, the non-linear coding scheme has better performance than the linear coding scheme.

Code word

May be part of an information element to be transmitted, e.g. a code word

Other code words than the above may be used

Other code words than the above may be used

Different channel coding modes are handled, and the details are not limited.

In the embodiment of the present application, the channel coding may be an iterative process. For example for code words

Is to code the word

Is divided into

And

the two parts are processed separately, and during the processing, each of the two parts can be divided into two parts, the same processing method as the method described above can be adopted for the two parts, further, each of the two parts can be divided into two parts again in the same manner, the same processing method as the method described above can still be adopted for the two parts, and the steps are iterated. Therefore, at each iteration, three coding modes exist for the two divided parts respectively. In this embodiment of the present application, at least one of two coding schemes in the three coding schemes in each iteration process of the at least one iteration process may be a non-linear coding scheme (that is, at least one of the two coding schemes corresponding to v and u is a non-linear coding scheme), where the more non-linear coding schemes are used, the better the performance is improved. For example, in the embodiment of the present application, at least one of the two corresponding coding modes may be a non-linear coding mode in each iteration, or the coding modes involved in the iteration process may all be non-linear coding modes in order to achieve a large improvement on performance. Regarding the iterative process, reference may be made to the related description in the embodiment of fig. 4, and the description is not repeated because the process is similar.

The first device is based on the codeword

Obtaining a codeword

Then according to the code word

The process of obtaining the first signal may continue as described above with reference to fig. 5.

With continuing reference to fig. 6, the processing by the second device after receiving the first signal may also be further described above,

for example, the first device serves as a transmitting end, and performs channel coding on a K-bit codeword x to obtain an N-bit codeword y, where x ═ x1, x2, and x3, and K ═ K1+ K2+ K3, where x1 occupies K1 bits, x2 occupies K2 bits, and x3 occupies K3 bits.

For example, N is 64, K is 24, K1 is 9, K2 is 7, and K3 is 8. Referring to fig. 9, N/4 bit codeword u1 can be obtained according to x1 of k1 bits, N/4 bit codewords v1 and p1 can be obtained according to x2 of k2 bits, N/2 bit codeword u can be obtained according to N/4 bit codeword u1 and N/4 bit codewords v1 and p1,

n/2 bit code words v and p can be obtained according to x3 of k3 bits, N bit code words y can be obtained according to 2/N bit code words u and 2/N bit code words v and p,

where u1 ═ (x1 × g1) mod 2, and g1 is a generator matrix of 9 × 16:

g1＝[1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0

1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1]；

v1 ═ x2 × g2 mod 2, g2 is the generator matrix of 7 × 16:

g2＝[1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0

1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1]；

g3 is a generator matrix of 7 × 16:

g3＝[0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0

0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0

0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0]；

v ═ x3 × g4) mod 2, g4 is the generator matrix of 8 × 32:

g4＝[1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0

1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0

1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1]；

g5 is the generator matrix of 8 × 32:

g5＝[1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0

1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0

1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0

1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0]；

please refer to fig. 10, which is a diagram illustrating a functional relationship between B L ER and SINR, wherein the upper curve in fig. 10 is a curve corresponding to a polar code, and the lower curve is a curve corresponding to a channel coding method provided in the present embodiment, the polar code in the diagram adopts a CRC-assisted interference cancellation (CA-SC L) decoding algorithm, the CRC length is 8, and the remaining path is 32, for example, as shown in fig. 10, when the ER of B L is 10^-4When the channel coding is performed according to the channel coding method provided by the embodiment of the present application, compared with the polar code, the gain of about 0.4dB is obtained.

The following describes an apparatus for implementing the above method in the embodiment of the present application with reference to the drawings. Therefore, the above contents can be used in the subsequent embodiments, and the repeated contents are not repeated.

Fig. 11 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus 1100. The communication apparatus 1100 may implement the functionality of the first device referred to above. The communication apparatus 1100 may be the first device described above, for example, the communication apparatus 1100 is the network device 102 shown in fig. 1 or the access network device 102 shown in fig. 2, or the communication apparatus 1100 may be the terminal device shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, or the communication apparatus 1100 may be a chip disposed in the first device described above. The communication device 1100 may include a processor 1101 and a transceiver 1102. If the first device shown in fig. 13 is the access network device 102 shown in fig. 2, the processor 1101 and the controller/processor 201 may be the same component, and the transceiver 1102 and the transceiver 202 may be the same component; alternatively, if the first device shown in fig. 13 is the terminal device shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, the processor 1101 and the application processor 302 may be the same component, and the transceiver 1102 and the transceiver 301 may be the same component. Among other things, the processor 1101 may be configured to perform S41 and S42 in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein, such as all or part of the other processes described above as being performed by the first device except for the transceiving process. The transceiver 1102 may be configured to perform S43 in the embodiment illustrated in fig. 4, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein, such as all or a portion of the transceiving processes performed by the first device described above.

Fig. 12 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus 1200. The communication apparatus 1200 may implement the functionality of the second device referred to above. The communication apparatus 1200 may be the second device described above, for example, the communication apparatus 1100 is the network device 102 shown in fig. 1, or the access network device 102 shown in fig. 2, or the communication apparatus 1100 may be the terminal device shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, or the communication apparatus 1200 may be a chip disposed in the second device described above. The communication device 1200 may include a processor 1201 and a transceiver 1202. If the first device shown in fig. 13 is the terminal device shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, the second device shown in fig. 14 may be the access network device 102 shown in fig. 2, the processor 1201 and the controller/processor 201 may be the same component, and the transceiver 1202 and the transceiver 202 may be the same component; alternatively, if the first device shown in fig. 13 is the access network device 102 shown in fig. 2, and the second device shown in fig. 14 may be the terminal device shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, the processor 1201 and the application processor 302 may be the same component, and the transceiver 1202 and the transceiver 301 may be the same component. Among other things, the processor 1201 may be used to perform S44 in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, and/or to support other processes of the techniques described herein, such as performing all or part of other operations performed by the second device, except for transceiving operations. The transceiver 1202 may be configured to perform S43 in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein, such as all or part of the transceiving processes performed by the second device described above.

Fig. 13 shows a schematic structure diagram of a communication apparatus 1300. The communications apparatus 1300 may implement the functionality of the first device referred to above. The communication apparatus 1300 may be the first device described above, for example, the communication apparatus 1100 is the network device 102 shown in fig. 1, or the access network device 102 shown in fig. 2, or the communication apparatus 1100 may be the terminal device shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, or the communication apparatus 1300 may be a chip disposed in the first device described above. The communication device 1300 may include a processor 1301 and a transceiver 1302. If the first device shown in fig. 13 is the access network device 102 shown in fig. 2, the processor 1301 and the controller/processor 201 may be the same component, and the transceiver 1102 and the transceiver 202 may be the same component; alternatively, if the first device shown in fig. 13 is the terminal device shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, the processor 1301 and the application processor 302 may be the same component, and the transceiver 1302 and the transceiver 301 may be the same component. The processor 1301 may be configured to perform S81 and S82 in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein, such as all or part of the other processes described above except the transceiving process performed by the first device. The transceiver 1302 may be configured to perform S83 in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein, such as all or part of the transceiving processes performed by the first device described above.

Fig. 14 shows a schematic structure of a communication apparatus 1400. The communication apparatus 1400 may implement the functionality of the second device referred to above. The communication apparatus 1400 may be a network device described above, for example, the communication apparatus 1100 is the network device 102 shown in fig. 1 or the access network device 102 shown in fig. 2, or the communication apparatus 1100 may be a terminal device shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, or the communication apparatus 1400 may be a chip disposed in the network device described above. The communication device 1400 may include a processor 1401 and a transceiver 1402. If the first device shown in fig. 13 is the terminal device shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, the second device shown in fig. 14 may be the access network device 102 shown in fig. 2, the processor 1201 and the controller/processor 201 may be the same component, and the transceiver 1202 and the transceiver 202 may be the same component; alternatively, if the first device shown in fig. 13 is the access network device 102 shown in fig. 2, and the second device shown in fig. 14 may be the terminal device shown in fig. 1 or fig. 3, the processor 1201 and the application processor 302 may be the same component, and the transceiver 1202 and the transceiver 301 may be the same component. Processor 1401 may be used, among other things, to perform S84 in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and/or to support other processes of the techniques described herein, such as performing all or part of other operations performed by the second device, except for transceiving operations. The transceiver 1402 may be configured to perform S83 in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein, such as all or a portion of the transceiving processes performed by the second device described above.

In a simple embodiment, one skilled in the art may think that the communication device 1100, the communication device 1200, the communication device 1300 or the communication device 1400 may also be realized by the structure of the communication device 1500 as shown in fig. 15. The communications apparatus 1500 can implement the functionality of the first device or the second device referred to above. The communications apparatus 1500 can include a processor 1501. Optionally, the communications apparatus 1500 may also include a memory 1502 that may be used to store instructions needed by the processor 1501 to perform tasks.

Where the communications apparatus 1500 is used to implement the functions of the first device referred to above, the processor 1501 may be configured to execute the processes S41 and S42 in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein, such as all or part of the other processes described above except the transceiving process performed by the first device; alternatively, when the communications apparatus 1500 is used to implement the functionality of the second device referred to above, the processor 1501 may be configured to perform S44 in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, for example, may perform all or part of other operations performed by the second device except for transceiving operations, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein; alternatively, when the communications apparatus 1500 is used to implement the functions of the first device mentioned above, the processor 1501 may be configured to execute the processes S81 and S82 in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein, for example, all or part of the other processes except the transceiving processes performed by the first device described above may be performed; alternatively, when the communications apparatus 1500 is used to implement the functionality of the second device referred to above, the processor 1501 may be configured to perform S84 in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, for example, may perform all or part of other operations performed by the second device except for transceiving operations, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein.

In the embodiment of the present application, the communication apparatus 1100, the communication apparatus 1200, the communication apparatus 1300, the communication apparatus 1400, and the communication apparatus 1500 are presented in the form of dividing each functional module in accordance with each function, or may be presented in the form of dividing each functional module in an integrated manner. As used herein, a "module" may refer to an ASIC, a processor and memory that execute one or more software or firmware programs, an integrated logic circuit, and/or other components that provide the described functionality.

In addition, the embodiment shown in fig. 11 provides a communication apparatus 1100 which can be implemented in other forms. The communication device comprises, for example, a processing module and a transceiver module. For example, the processing module may be implemented by the processor 1101 and the transceiver module may be implemented by the transceiver 1102. Among other things, the processing module may be configured to perform S41 and S42 in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein, such as all or part of the other processes described above as being performed by the first device, except for the transceiving processes. The transceiver module may be configured to perform S43 in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein, such as all or part of the transceiver process performed by the first device described above.

The embodiment shown in fig. 12 provides a communication apparatus 1200 which can be implemented in other forms. The communication device comprises, for example, a processing module and a transceiver module. For example, the processing module may be implemented by the processor 1201, and the transceiver module may be implemented by the transceiver 1202. Among other things, the processing module may be configured to perform S81 and S82 in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein, such as all or part of the other processes described above that are performed by the first device except for the transceiving process. The transceiver module may be configured to perform S83 in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein, such as all or part of the transceiver process performed by the first device described above.

The embodiment shown in fig. 13 provides a communication apparatus 1300 which can be implemented in other forms. The communication device comprises, for example, a processing module and a transceiver module. For example, the processing module may be implemented by the processor 1301 and the transceiver module may be implemented by the transceiver 1302. Among other things, the processing module may be used to perform S84 in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and/or to support other processes of the techniques described herein, such as performing all or part of other operations performed by the second device, other than transceiving operations. The transceiver module may be configured to perform S83 in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and/or other processes for supporting the techniques described herein, such as all or part of the transceiver process performed by the second device described above.

Since the communication apparatus 1100, the communication apparatus 1200, the communication apparatus 1300, the communication apparatus 1400 and the communication apparatus 1500 provided in the embodiment of the present application can be used to execute the method provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 4 or the method provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, for technical effects obtained by the method, reference may be made to the above method embodiment and further description is omitted here.

The present examples also provide an apparatus (e.g., an integrated circuit, a wireless device, a circuit module, etc.) for implementing the above-described method. An apparatus implementing the power tracker and/or the power supply generator described herein may be a standalone device or may be part of a larger device. The device may be (i) a free-standing IC; (ii) a set of one or more 1C, which may include a memory IC for storing data and/or instructions; (iii) RFICs, such as RF receivers or RF transmitter/receivers; (iv) an ASIC, such as a mobile station modem; (v) a module that may be embedded within other devices; (vi) a receiver, cellular telephone, wireless device, handset, or mobile unit; (vii) others, and so forth.

The method and apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present application may be applied to a terminal device or an access network device (which may be collectively referred to as a wireless device), where the terminal device or the access network device or the wireless device may include a hardware layer, an operating system layer running on the hardware layer, and an application layer running on the operating system layer, where the hardware layer includes hardware such as a CPU, a Memory Management Unit (MMU), and a memory (also referred to as a main memory).

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

Moreover, various aspects or features of embodiments of the application may be implemented as a method, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques. The term "article of manufacture" as used herein is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from any computer-readable device, carrier, or media. For example, computer-readable media can include but are not limited to magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic strips, etc.), optical disks (e.g., Compact Disk (CD), Digital Versatile Disk (DVD), etc.), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), card, stick, or key drive, etc.). In addition, various storage media described herein can represent one or more devices and/or other machine-readable media for storing information. The term "machine-readable medium" can include, without being limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and/or carrying instruction(s) and/or data.

The computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, e.g., from one website site, computer, server, or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DS L)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) manner to another website site, computer, server, or data center.

It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present application, the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes do not imply an order of execution, and the order of execution of the processes should be determined by their functions and inherent logic, and should not limit the implementation processes of the embodiments of the present application.

It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, which essentially or partly contribute to the prior art, may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or an access network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

The above description is only a specific implementation of the embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the embodiments of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the embodiments of the present application, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered by the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A signal transmission method, comprising:

channel coding a first codeword of K elements to obtain a second codeword of N elements, wherein, n/2 elements of the second code word are third code words obtained by performing first coding on the first part of the first code word, the remaining N/2 elements of the second code word are a fourth code word, the fourth code word is obtained by performing modulo-A addition on a code word obtained by a second coding mode on the second part of the first code word and the third code word, the first portion is M elements of the first codeword, the second portion is the remaining K-M elements of the first codeword except for the M elements, at least one of the first coding mode and the second coding mode is a nonlinear coding mode, N and K are both positive integers, N > K, and A is an integer greater than 1;

generating a first signal using the second codeword;

and transmitting the first signal.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first codeword is part of an information element to be transmitted.

3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the third codeword is the first N/2 elements of the second codeword and the fourth codeword is the last N/2 elements of the second codeword.

4. A signal transmission method, comprising:

for code words of K elements

Channel coding is carried out to obtain code words of N elements

Wherein the channel coding is such that

And

the requirements are met,

wherein, [ y ]₁,y₂,…，y_N/2]Is a code word

N/2 of the elements in the group,

is a code word

The remaining N/2 elements of (a),

which represents the addition of the modulo a,

is formed by

The resulting code word is encoded by a third encoding scheme,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded by the fourth encoding scheme,

is formed by

Is the code word

B elements of, the codeword

Is the code word

using said code word

Generating a first signal;

and transmitting the first signal.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the codeword

Is part of the information element to be transmitted.

6. The method according to claim 1 to 5,

the code word before coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

The code word after coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

E>D, the non-linear encoding is such that

And said

The requirements are met,

wherein

Which represents the addition of the modulo a,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded in an eighteenth coding mode,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded in a nineteenth coding mode,

is formed by

The code word obtained by the twentieth coding mode is coded, [ h ]₁，h₂,…,h_E/2]Is the code word

E/2 of the elements in (a),

is a code word

The remaining E/2 elements of the codeword

Is the code word

Z elements of, the codeword

Is the code word

7. The method according to any of claims 1-6, wherein the first coding scheme is a Delstar-Goethals code and the second coding scheme is a first order Reed-Muller code.

8. A signal receiving method, comprising:

receiving a first signal;

the first signal is generated by a second codeword with N elements, the second codeword satisfies that N/2 elements of the second codeword are a third codeword, the third codeword is obtained by subjecting a first portion of the first codeword to a first coding scheme, remaining N/2 elements of the second codeword are a fourth codeword, the fourth codeword is obtained by subjecting a codeword obtained by subjecting a second portion of the first codeword to a second coding scheme and the third codeword to modulo-a addition, the first portion is M elements of the first codeword, the second portion is remaining K-M elements of the first codeword except the M elements, at least one of the first coding scheme and the second coding scheme is a non-linear coding scheme, and a is an integer greater than 1;

and carrying out channel decoding on the first signal to obtain a first code word of K elements, wherein N and K are positive integers, and N is greater than K.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the first codeword is part of a received information element.

10. The method of claim 8 or 9, wherein the third codeword is the first N/2 elements of the second codeword and the fourth codeword is the last N/2 elements of the second codeword.

11. A signal receiving method, comprising:

receiving a first signal;

the first signal is a codeword of N elements

Generating, code word

The requirements are met,

wherein

Which represents the addition of the modulo a,

is formed by

The resulting code word is encoded by a third encoding scheme,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded by the fourth encoding scheme,

is formed by

Coding the obtained code word by a fifth coding mode, wherein at least one of the third coding mode and the fifth coding mode is a nonlinear coding mode, [ y₁,y₂,…,y_N/2]Is a code word

N/2 of the elements in the group,

is a code word

The remaining N/2 elements;

performing channel decoding on the first signal to obtain a code word of K elements

Wherein the code word

Is the code word

B elements of, the codeword

Is the code word

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the codeword

Is part of the received information element.

13. A signal receiving method, comprising:

receiving a first signal;

performing channel decoding on a fourth code word in the second code words of the N elements to obtain a first channel decoding result;

performing channel decoding on a third code word in the second code words of the N elements according to the first decoding result to obtain a second channel decoding result;

and obtaining first code words of K elements according to the first channel decoding result and the second channel decoding result, wherein N and K are positive integers, and N is greater than K.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the first codeword is part of a received information element.

15. The method of claim 13 or 14, wherein the third codeword is the first N/2 elements of the second codeword and the fourth codeword is the last N/2 elements of the second codeword.

16. The method according to claim 8 to 15,

the code word before coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

The code word after coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

E>D, the non-linear encoding is such that

And said

The requirements are met,

wherein

Which represents the addition of the modulo a,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded in an eighteenth coding mode,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded in a nineteenth coding mode,

is formed by

E/2 of the elements in (a),

is a code word

The remaining E/2 elements of the codeword

Is the code word

Z elements of, the codeword

Is the code word

17. The method according to any of claims 8-16, wherein the first coding scheme is a Delstar-Goethals code and the second coding scheme is a first order Reed-Muller code.

18. A communication device, comprising:

a processor, configured to perform channel coding on a first codeword with K elements to obtain a second codeword with N elements, where N/2 elements of the second codeword are a third codeword, the third codeword is obtained by performing a first coding on a first portion of the first codeword, remaining N/2 elements of the second codeword are fourth codewords, the fourth codeword is obtained by performing modulo-a addition on a codeword obtained by performing a second coding on a second portion of the first codeword and the third codeword, the first portion is M elements of the first codeword, the second portion is K-M elements of the first codeword, at least one of the first coding and the second coding is a non-linear coding, and N and K are both positive integers, n > K, A is an integer greater than 1;

the processor further configured to generate a first signal using the second codeword;

a transceiver for transmitting the first signal.

19. The communications device of claim 18, wherein the first codeword is part of an information element to be transmitted.

20. The method of claim 18 or 19, wherein the third codeword is the first N/2 elements of the second codeword and the fourth codeword is the last N/2 elements of the second codeword.

21. A communication device, comprising:

a processor for encoding a codeword of K elements

Channel coding is carried out to obtain code words of N elements

Wherein the channel coding is such that

And

satisfy the requirement of，

Wherein, [ y ]₁，y₂，…，y_N/2]Is a code word

N/2 of the elements in the group,

is a code word

The remaining N/2 elements of (a),

which represents the addition of the modulo a,

is formed by

The resulting code word is encoded by a third encoding scheme,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded by the fourth encoding scheme,

is formed by

Coding the obtained code word by a fifth coding mode, wherein the code word is coded by the fifth coding modeAt least one of the third coding mode and the fifth coding mode is a non-linear coding mode, and the code word

Is the code word

B elements of, the codeword

Is the code word

the processor is further configured to use the codeword

Generating a first signal;

a transceiver for transmitting the first signal.

22. The communications device of claim 21, wherein said codeword

Is part of the information element to be transmitted.

23. The communication device according to claim 18 to 22,

the code word before coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

The code word after coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

E>D, the non-linear encoding is such that

And said

The requirements are met,

wherein

Which represents the addition of the modulo a,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded in an eighteenth coding mode,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded in a nineteenth coding mode,

is formed by

E/2 of the elements in (a),

is a code word

The remaining E/2 elements of the codeword

Is the code word

Z elements of, the codeword

Is the code word

24. The communication device as claimed in any of claims 18 to 23, wherein the first coding scheme is a Delstar-Goethals code and the second coding scheme is a first order Reed-Muller code.

25. A communication device, comprising:

a transceiver for receiving a first signal;

the first signal is generated by a second codeword with N elements, the second codeword is satisfied, the first N/2 elements of the second codeword are a third codeword, the third codeword is obtained by subjecting a first portion of the first codeword to a first coding scheme, the remaining N/2 elements of the second codeword are a fourth codeword, the fourth codeword is obtained by subjecting a codeword obtained by subjecting a second portion of the first codeword to a second coding scheme and the third codeword to modulo-a addition, the first portion is the first M elements of the first codeword, the second portion is the remaining K-M elements of the first codeword except the first M elements, at least one of the first coding scheme and the second coding scheme is a non-linear coding scheme, and a is an integer greater than 1;

and the processor is used for carrying out channel decoding on the first signal to obtain a first code word of K elements, wherein N and K are positive integers, and N is greater than K.

26. The communications device of claim 25, wherein the first codeword is a portion of a received information element.

27. The method of claim 25 or 26, wherein the third codeword is the first N/2 elements of the second codeword and the fourth codeword is the last N/2 elements of the second codeword.

28. A communication device, comprising:

a transceiver for receiving a first signal;

the first signal is a codeword of N elements

Generating, code word

The requirements are met,

wherein

Which represents the addition of the modulo a,

is formed by

The resulting code word is encoded by a third encoding scheme,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded by the fourth encoding scheme,

is formed by

The code word obtained is coded by a fifth coding mode, wherein [ y₁,y₂,…,y_N/2]Is a code word

N/2 of the elements in the group,

is a code word

The remaining N/2 elements in the first coding mode are coded in a nonlinear coding mode;

a processor for performing channel decoding on the first signal to obtain a codeword of K elements

Wherein the code word

Is the code word

B elements of, the codeword

Is the code word

29. The communications device of claim 28, wherein said codeword

Is part of the received information element.

30. A communication device, comprising:

a transceiver for receiving a first signal;

the processor is used for carrying out channel decoding on a fourth code word in the second code words of the N elements to obtain a first channel decoding result;

the processor is further configured to perform channel decoding on a third codeword in the second codewords of the N elements according to the first decoding result to obtain a second channel decoding result;

the processor is further configured to obtain a first codeword with K elements according to the first channel decoding result and the second channel decoding result, where N and K are positive integers, and N > K.

31. The communications device of claim 30, wherein the first codeword is a portion of a received information element.

32. The communication device according to claim 25 to 31,

the code word before coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

The code word after coding corresponding to the nonlinear coding mode is

E>D, the non-linear encoding is such that

And said

The requirements are met,

wherein

Which represents the addition of the modulo a,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded in an eighteenth coding mode,

is formed by

The resulting codeword is encoded in a nineteenth coding mode,

is formed by

E/2 of the elements in (a),

is a code word

The remaining E/2 elements of the codeword

Is the code word

Z elements of, the codeword

Is the code word

33. The communication device as claimed in any one of claims 25 to 32, wherein the first coding scheme is a Delstar-Goethals code and the second coding scheme is a first order Reed-Muller code.

34. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program comprising program instructions which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

35. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program comprising program instructions which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the method according to any one of claims 8 to 17.