CN111462544A

CN111462544A - Science and education instrument for mathematics and electricity courses

Info

Publication number: CN111462544A
Application number: CN202010455258.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴昌斌
Original assignee: Nanjing Hongji Science And Education Instrument Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Hongji Science And Education Instrument Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-26
Filing date: 2020-05-26
Publication date: 2020-07-28

Abstract

The invention discloses a science and education instrument for mathematics and electricity courses, which is characterized in that the science and education instrument comprises a processor module, wherein the processor module is respectively connected with a signal processing module and a display screen, and is simultaneously connected with a Flash memory, an SDRAM (synchronous dynamic random access memory) memory, a VGA (video graphics array) interface module, a USB (universal serial bus) interface module, an operation panel module and an SD (secure digital) card interface module through an AVA L ON (automatic voltage acquisition) bus.

Description

Science and education instrument for mathematics and electricity courses

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of science and education instruments, in particular to a science and education instrument for mathematics and electrical courses.

Background

At present, teachers who are skilled in programming may use software tools such as MAT L AB to realize effect diagrams of the transformation mainly depending on illustrations and formulas on books when teaching related contents, however, the illustrations on books are limited and are not beneficial to students to understand the transformation process, and the software such as MAT L AB has strong functions, but the realization of each function needs to be executed by modifying the corresponding program, so that the operation is complex and is not beneficial to scientific popularization.

Aiming at the problems, a special scientific and educational instrument is provided, and the effects of Fourier transformation, a digital signal processor and signal modulation and demodulation are visually displayed.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a scientific and educational instrument for mathematics and electricity courses so as to achieve the purpose of visually displaying the effects of Fourier transformation, a digital signal processor and signal modulation and demodulation.

In order to achieve the purpose, the scientific and educational instrument for mathematics and electricity courses is characterized by comprising a processor module and a video display screen, wherein the processor module is respectively connected with a signal processing module and the video display screen, and is simultaneously connected with a Flash memory, an SDRAM (synchronous dynamic random access memory) memory, a VGA interface module, a USB interface module, an operation panel module and an SD card interface module through an AVA L ON bus.

The science and education instrument is provided with a system power supply module to supply power to the whole system.

The circuits of the modules in the science and education instrument are arranged in the instrument box, and the instrument box is provided with two operation panel areas for installing keys and knobs of the operation panel modules; meanwhile, the instrument box is connected with a liquid crystal display screen; the instrument box is connected with a signal processing panel for installing a knob for adjusting the circuit amplitude of the signal processing module; meanwhile, the signal processing panel is connected with a signal output terminal and a signal input terminal; the right side of the instrument box is connected with an oscilloscope output end and an oscilloscope input end which are respectively connected with a signal output end and an input end of the signal processing module.

The right front of the instrument box is connected with an SD card interface and a power switch.

The left side of the instrument box is connected with a VGA interface and a USB interface.

The liquid crystal display screen is movably connected with the instrument box, and the liquid crystal display screen is closed to cover the instrument box when not in use.

The FPGA chip in the processor module adopts a cyclonex IV series chip EP4CE10F17C8N of A L TERA company.

The signal processing module accesses the received signal to a high-speed DA chip through a signal input port and an attenuation circuit to convert the digital signal into an analog signal, and the signal is output by a signal output port after being processed by a Butterworth low-pass filter and an amplitude modulation circuit and finally displayed through a liquid crystal display.

The invention provides an assistant tool for digital signal processing and electronic circuit science and education in colleges and universities, wherein the classical Fourier change, a digital signal processor, signal modulation and demodulation and other important and difficult point contents are visualized and embodied by the assistant tool, so that students can deepen the science and education contents, and teachers are helped to improve the science and education effect. The invention has the advantages of small design, convenient use, low cost and good market prospect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a scientific and educational apparatus for mathematical and electrical lessons in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a scientific teaching apparatus for use in mathematics and electrical lessons in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a scientific teaching apparatus for mathematics and electrical lessons in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a signal processing module in a scientific and educational apparatus for mathematics and electrical lessons in accordance with the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a processor module; 2. a liquid crystal display screen; 3. a signal processing module; 4. an operation panel module; 5. a Flash memory; 6. an SDRAM memory; 7. a system power supply module; 8. a VGA interface module; 9. a USB interface module; 10. an SD card interface module; 11. an instrument cartridge; 12. an operation panel area; 13. a signal processing panel; 14. a signal output terminal; 15. a signal input terminal; 16. an oscilloscope output end; 17. an oscilloscope input end; 18. an SD card interface; 19. a USB interface; 20. a power switch; 21. and a VGA interface.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

The invention mainly displays the effects of Fourier transformation, a digital signal processor and signal modulation and demodulation on the screen of the projector by connecting the VGA interface 12 with the projector, has the greatest characteristic of realizing the display of a dynamic effect diagram of the functions, and can be conveniently input by a user in an external input or internal interface input mode, and the effect diagram or the function of an output end can be displayed immediately, which cannot be realized by software such as MAT L AB and the like.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the system comprises an FPGA processor module 1, a liquid crystal display screen 2, a signal processing module 3 and a power supply module 7, wherein the FPGA processor module 1 is connected with a Flash memory 5, an SDRAM memory 6, a VGA interface module 8, a USB interface module 9, an operation panel module 4 and an SD card interface module 10 through an AVA L ON bus, the power supply module 7 is used for supplying power to the whole system, the liquid crystal display screen 2 is connected with the FPGA processor module 1 and is used as a display panel of the system, and the signal processing module 3 is connected with the FPGA processor module 1 and is used for realizing digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital conversion of signals.

The structure schematic diagram of the invention is shown in fig. 2-3, the instrument box 11 is used for placing the FPGA core board and the circuits of the modules, and the shell is made of shielding material, which can shield the interference noise; two operation panel areas 12 are reserved on the instrument box 11 and used for installing keys and knobs of the operation panel module 4; the instrument box 11 is connected with a liquid crystal display screen 2, and the liquid crystal display screen 2 can be opened and closed like a display screen of a notebook computer; the instrument box 11 is connected with a signal processing panel 13 for installing a knob for adjusting the circuit amplitude in the signal processing module 3; the signal processing panel 13 is connected with a signal output terminal 14 and a signal input terminal 15, which are external-open interfaces for signal output and input; the right side of the instrument box 11 is connected with an oscilloscope output end 16 and an oscilloscope input end 17 which are connected with a signal output end and an input end of the signal processing module 3, and the purpose of the signal processing module is matched with an oscilloscope interface; an SD card interface 18 and a power switch 20 are connected to the front of the instrument box 11, the SD card interface 18 is used for installing an SD card, and the power switch 20 controls the whole system to be turned on and off; the left side of the instrument box 11 is connected with a VGA interface 21 and a USB interface 19, the VGA interface 21 is used for driving the projector to display the content to be displayed on the screen of the projector, and the USB interface 19 is used for connecting a computer keyboard as an interface for externally expanding input operation commands.

The invention mainly has three functions of demonstrating Fourier transformation, digital filter function and signal modulation and demodulation process, and is mainly used for classroom science and education demonstration.

When the utility model is used for scientific education demonstration: selecting a science and education demonstration display mode through an operation panel module, setting a display screen for an operation command and parameters by using a liquid crystal display screen, and only displaying the state and input data of the current system; the operation panel is provided with buttons for realizing the correspondence of the three functional modes, the system only selects one functional mode selected recently to work, and after entering the functional mode, the display screen displays the sub-functions of the corresponding functions provided by the system, for example, after selecting the Fourier transform function, the display screen displays the sub-functions of DFT (discrete Fourier transform) and FFT (fast Fourier transform) according to the ratio; then, setting of source data or parameter input is entered, the system provides two external data or parameter input modes, one internal data or parameter input mode can select one of the three input modes through an operation panel; the external data or parameters are input through a USB external keyboard and read from the built-in data of the SD card through an SD card interface 18, the data are input into an RAM inside the FPGA by the keyboard according to a command format of the system and cached, the FPGA reads the data from the RAM for processing, a user also needs to compile the data according to a certain file compiling format when using the SD card as an input mode, and then the data are cached into the RAM and then sent to the FPGA for processing; the input mode of the built-in data or parameters is that the data or parameters stored in the system in advance are selected by the operation panel; after the source data is selected or the parameters are set, the FPGA displays the result of the data processing through a VGA drive projector, for example, the result of the source data after conversion can be displayed for Fourier conversion and can be displayed in a coordinate graph mode, and for a digital filter, the FPGA can display the signal through the waveform of the signal, because the FPGA realizes the filter design in a hardware mode, the result of the FPGA is an actual filter which is different from the software design, and for a Modem, the FPGA can display the modulated signal according to the input parameters by the selected and modulated signal; in order to realize the dynamic display effect, a user can modify the numerical value of source data or parameters in real time through the operation panel, the FPGA immediately processes the data after receiving a modification command and then displays the data. In addition, the invention also provides auxiliary functions of the signal excitation source and the oscilloscope, and the signal excitation source and the oscilloscope can be used as experimental equipment when necessary.

When the auxiliary energy supply is carried out: at the moment, the science and education demonstration mode is closed through the operation panel, the auxiliary function mode is opened, the VGA display is closed, the liquid crystal display is used for displaying the waveform and the parameters of the measured signals and the current state of the system command, and the command and the parameters can be input only through the operation panel; when the FPGA is used as a signal excitation source, the FPGA can provide main triangular wave, square wave and sine wave signals, the frequency setting can be realized through an operation panel, and the FPGA drives a signal processing module to process and output corresponding waveforms after receiving parameters transmitted by the operation panel; when the signal processing module is used as an oscilloscope, the signal is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion by the signal processing module and then is input into the FPGA, and the FPGA processes the data to drive the liquid crystal display to display the data.

The composition and principle of each module in the invention are as follows:

the system power supply module 7 is characterized in that the system power supply module 7 is composed of a rechargeable battery and a voltage division circuit, the rechargeable battery adopts a 12V rated voltage rechargeable battery, and the voltage division circuit divides a 12V power supply voltage into a 3.3V voltage through an ASM1117-3.3 voltage stabilizing chip to supply power to each module.

The FPGA processor module 1 is characterized in that the FPGA chip adopts a CycleIV series chip EP4CE10F17C8N of A L TERA company, the speed grade of the FPGA chip is 8, an internal RAM is 423936bits, the FPGA processor module is a control core of the whole system, the requirement of system design is met by a method of embedding a NiosII processor in the FPGA as a top layer and using a veriloghdl hardware description language as a bottom layer, and a Flash memory, an SDRAM memory, a VGA interface module, a USB interface module, an operation panel module and an SD card interface module in the system are communicated with the FPGA in a mode of being hung ON an AVA L ON bus, and meanwhile, a DSP module embedded in the FPGA can be used for completing the rapid processing of digital signals and greatly reducing the difficulty of code writing and accelerating the time of product market investment by utilizing the IP cores of various existing Fourier transforms and digital signal processors.

The liquid crystal display screen 2 adopts a color screen with a driver I L I9341, and the driver I L I9341 is based on an SPI interface, so that the operation is simple and convenient.

The signal processing module 3: fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the signal processing module 3, which is mainly used for performing digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital conversion. The high-speed DA chip adopts DA9708, the FPGA converts a digital signal into an analog signal by driving the DA9708, and the signal is output from a signal output port after being processed by an amplitude modulation circuit through a Butterworth low-pass filter; the high-speed AD chip adopts AD9208, and external analog signal is received by the high-speed AD chip after signal input port gathers through decay circuit, and FPGA drive AD9208 constantly gathers external signal and accomplishes the analog-to-digital conversion of signal to handle the data of gathering and show through the LCD screen.

The SDRAM memory 6: the SDRAM adopts an H57V2562GTR chip, the SDRAM memory is used for solving the problem that the storage space of the FPGA chip is not enough, and because the NiosII processor core is used in the design, in order to reduce the use of logic resources of the FPGA, an external SDRAM memory is used, meanwhile, the SDRAM can also be used as a buffer, and collected data can be stored in the SDRAM before and then read from the SDRAM through the FPGA.

The Flash memory 5 adopts a NorFlashS29G L128P chip which can store up to 128MBit, and the Flash is mainly used for storing programs and data required by system initialization, so that the phenomenon of data loss caused by system power failure can be prevented.

Operation panel module 4: the operation panel module mainly comprises various keys and knobs, the operation of the keys and the knobs on the operation panel can be detected by the FPGA processor module, and the FPGA performs corresponding processing on the operation panel.

SD card interface module 10: the SD interface module adopts the most common TF card seat, and the interface adopts an SPI interface mode.

The USB interface module 9: the USB interface module adopts a USB2.0 interface chip CY7C68013A, and the USB interface is mainly used for inputting data by an external keyboard.

VGA interface module 8: the VGA driving chip adopts an ADV7123 chip, the ADV7123 is a three-way high-speed 10-bit input video AD converter produced by AD company in America, has the maximum sampling rate of 330MHz, and can be compatible with various high-precision displays. The VGA needs to be connected to a projector or other VGA interface display to display the content to be presented.

The invention is described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the specific implementation of the invention is not limited by the above-mentioned manner, and it is within the scope of the invention to adopt various modifications of the technical solution of the invention or to apply the technical solution of the invention to other occasions without any modification.

Claims

1. A science and education instrument for mathematics and electricity courses is characterized by comprising a processor module (1), wherein the processor module (1) is respectively connected with a signal processing module (3) and a liquid crystal display screen (2), the processor module (1) is simultaneously connected with a Flash memory (5), an SDRAM (synchronous dynamic random access memory) memory (6), a VGA interface module (8), a USB interface module (9), an operation panel module (4) and an SD card interface module (10) through an AVA L ON bus, circuits of the modules in the science and education instrument are arranged in an instrument box (11), two operation panel areas (12) are arranged ON the instrument box (11) and used for installing keys and knobs of the operation panel module (4), the instrument box (11) is connected with the liquid crystal display screen (2), the instrument box (11) is connected with a signal processing panel (13) and used for installing circuit amplitude adjusting knobs of the signal processing module (3), the signal processing panel (13) is connected with a signal output terminal (14) and a signal input terminal (15), the right side of the instrument box (11) is connected with an oscilloscope output terminal (16), an oscilloscope input terminal (17) and an oscilloscope output terminal (16) and an oscilloscope module (17) and a signal input terminal (17) are respectively connected.

2. A scientific and educational apparatus for mathematical and electrical lessons, according to claim 1, wherein: the science and education instrument is provided with a system power supply module (7) for supplying power to the whole system.

3. A scientific and educational apparatus for mathematical and electrical lessons, according to claim 1, wherein: an SD card interface (18) and a power switch (20) are connected in front of the instrument box (11).

4. A scientific and educational apparatus for mathematical and electrical lessons, according to claim 1, wherein: the left side of the instrument box (11) is connected with a VGA interface (21) and a USB interface (19).

5. A scientific and educational apparatus for mathematical and electrical lessons, according to claim 1, wherein: the liquid crystal display screen (2) is movably connected with the instrument box (11), and the liquid crystal display screen (2) covers the instrument box (11) in a closed mode when not in use.

6. The scientific and educational instrument for mathematics and electrical curriculum according to claim 1, wherein the FPGA chip in the processor module (1) is a CycleIV series chip EP4CE10F17C8N from A L TERA.

7. A scientific and educational apparatus for mathematical and electrical lessons, according to claim 1, wherein: the signal processing module (3) accesses the received signal to a high-speed DA chip through a signal input port and an attenuation circuit to convert the digital signal into an analog signal, and the signal is output by a signal output port after being processed by a Butterworth low-pass filter and an amplitude modulation circuit and finally displayed through the liquid crystal screen (2).