CN111462470B - Low-voltage distribution area topology identification method based on power line carrier attenuation characteristics - Google Patents
Low-voltage distribution area topology identification method based on power line carrier attenuation characteristics Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a low-voltage distribution network topology identification method based on power line carrier attenuation characteristics, which utilizes the power line carrier signal attenuation characteristics and a strategy of sending power line carrier signals of a topology identification device step by step to judge the physical connection relation between nodes, does not need to inject high-power or high-frequency signals into a power grid, and does not need a large amount of manual intervention, thus realizing the automatic identification of the physical topology of a low-voltage distribution network; the cost of manpower and material resources is saved, and the influence of the judgment of the physical connection relation between the nodes on the working stability of the power grid is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of low-voltage distribution network operation management, in particular to a low-voltage distribution area topology identification method based on power line carrier attenuation characteristics.
Background
The topological relation of the low-voltage transformer area is the basis of professional management of power distribution operation, emergency maintenance, marketing, metering and the like. The topology of the distribution network low-voltage distribution area is formed by a distribution transformer, a low-voltage outlet wire, a low-voltage switch combination (a low-voltage distribution cabinet or a low-voltage switch cabinet), a branch line, a meter and a user device. The method comprises geographic information, user information, connection relation, routing state and the like of various low-voltage electrical equipment passing along the way, exists in a mode of distribution transformer output-low-voltage switch combination-routing path-user access, and reflects the information sum of the electricity utilization information, the equipment connection relation and the line path of the whole process of laying the line and the equipment.
In recent years, with the development of energy transformation and electric power market reformation, the lean management requirement of a distribution network is increasingly strengthened. The low-voltage distribution area is an important component of the intelligent power distribution network, the management of the distribution low-voltage distribution area is an important index in the aspects of electric energy quality, operation benefit, power supply reliability and the like, and the accurate and reliable topological relation information of the low-voltage distribution area is a bridge for getting through professional barriers and realizing marketing and distribution integration. For a long time, professional and information barriers exist for the division of professional bars for power distribution operation, metering and marketing; and the equipment ledger, information maintenance and user file management of the low-voltage transformer area are lagged. Therefore, the topological relation information of the low-voltage distribution area has a series of problems of incomplete data, non-standardization, poor accuracy and the like, and becomes a key bottleneck for improving the operation management capability and the customer service quality of the power supply enterprise. Aiming at the problems, the automatic identification method of the topological relation of the low-voltage transformer area, which does not depend on manual entry and data maintenance, is provided, and has important significance and wide application prospect.
The low-voltage topological relation determination technology generally applied at present mainly has three types:
1. and (4) a power failure identification method. The power distribution combination switch is cut off in sequence to monitor the equipment, cables, areas and related configurations which stop supplying power, further determine the connection relation of the cables and fix the distributed information. However, the solution is based on the premise of power failure, so that the reliability of power supply is impaired, inconvenience is brought to the actual life of the user, and people are suspected. Meanwhile, because the power needs to be cut off, the damage can be caused to the electric equipment or products which are in use, and the complaint rate of users is increased. According to the flow regulation, the power supply department has to issue a corresponding power failure notice when power fails, and a large amount of manpower is consumed. In addition, power failure may cause unpredictable and probable power failure, so a scientific power failure scheme must be established to prepare an unexpected plan.
2. Single-phase high-power load variation measuring method. The method needs to adopt single-phase high-power load equipment, such as an electric welding machine, a fan and the like. Meanwhile, current change monitoring hanging equipment and a current clamp meter need to be installed. The method comprises the steps of firstly connecting high-power single-phase load equipment to the tail end of a line, and observing the change of current displayed by a current clamp meter by starting and suspending the equipment so as to determine the line connection relation. However, the method has the disadvantages that the suspension and start operations of the single-phase high-power load equipment cannot be finished once, and at least two times of repeated operations are needed, so that the generated current is greatly reduced, the electric equipment of a user is possibly damaged, and the power utilization safety accident is caused.
3. And (4) detecting by using a cable identification instrument. The method determines the line connection relationship by detecting a specific signal. At present, two main implementation modes are available, one is that a special signal is added to a wire core at one end of a low-voltage cable to be identified, a matched signal receiver is installed at the other end of a target cable to be identified, and whether the special signal can be received or not is detected, so that identification is realized; the other type is based on the electromagnetic induction principle, a signal transmitter is arranged outside a target cable to be identified, a special signal can be induced on a cable metal armor layer due to electromagnetic induction, a matched signal receiver is arranged at the other end of the target cable, and identification can be realized by detecting whether the special signal can be received or not.
The problems of the current low-voltage distribution system are as follows: the basic data of the low-voltage distribution network is incomplete, so that the topology of the archival data and the actual physical line is not matched; the user can lap the power line privately, particularly at the junction of the low-voltage distribution network area, the crossing phenomenon is easy to cause, and the disorder degree of the low-voltage distribution network line is increased; the recorded data is not updated in time such as zone cutting or load variation.
The existing low-voltage topology identification technology needs to be completed by means of complex high-power equipment, expensive instruments and a large amount of manpower, can generate certain influence on the normal operation of a power grid, and is high in economic cost.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for identifying a low-voltage distribution area topology based on power line carrier attenuation characteristics to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a low-voltage distribution network topology identification method based on power line carrier attenuation characteristics, and based on the incidence relation of the attenuation rule characteristics of power line carriers and circuit principle constraints, the automatic identification of the low-voltage distribution network physical topology can be realized without injecting high-power or high-frequency signals into a power grid and without a large amount of manual intervention.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme of providing a low-voltage distribution area topology identification method based on power line carrier attenuation characteristics,
the method comprises the following steps:
1) each intelligent terminal in each area sends an instruction to a topology identification device of a user meter box;
2) after receiving the instruction, the topology identification device of the user meter box sends a power carrier signal containing self topology identification coding information through power carrier communication;
3) detecting the intensity of the power line carrier signal by other topology identification devices and the platform area intelligent terminal which are positioned on the same power line with the topology identification device of the user meter box, and uploading a detection result information file to the platform area intelligent terminal;
4) the platform area intelligent terminal analyzes the detection result of the signal intensity of the topology identification device at each node, and the node with the strongest signal intensity can be judged as a superior node electrically connected with the node of the topology identification device of the user meter box;
5) judging whether the superior node is a platform area intelligent terminal node, if so, executing a step 6), and if not, executing a step 9);
6) completing one household-line-variable physical topology identification;
7) judging whether all the nodes of the topology identification device are traversed, if so, executing a step 8), and if not, returning to the step 1);
8) finishing the physical topology identification of the transformer area;
9) further taking the node with the strongest signal strength as a starting point, the platform area intelligent terminal sends a topology identification instruction to the topology identification device of the node, and the topology identification device of the node sends a power carrier signal containing self topology identification codes through power carrier communication;
10) when receiving the power carrier signal, the topology identification devices of other nodes detect the signal intensity again and upload a detection result and an identified topology coding information file to the platform area intelligent terminal;
11) the intelligent terminal of the transformer area analyzes the detection result of the signal intensity of the topology recognition device at each node again, and if the node with the strongest signal intensity is the node, the node can be judged as a superior node electrically connected with the node, and the step 5 is returned;
the intelligent terminal of the transformer area is installed at each node of the transformer area, each topology recognition device is installed at each node of the transformer area, each branch box node of each level and a user meter box node respectively, and each intelligent terminal of the transformer area and each topology recognition device have unique self topology recognition codes and are bound with the position information of the node at the installation position.
In the examples, it is preferred that:
the platform area intelligent terminal nodes, all levels of branch box nodes and all topology recognition device nodes are networked in a light ray/4G mode.
In the examples, it is preferred that:
the self-topology identification coding information comprises longitude and latitude coordinate information, and information of each platform area, each branch box and a user meter box.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) providing a method for identifying the physical topology of the transformer area;
(2) judging the physical connection relation between nodes by using the power carrier signal attenuation characteristic;
(3) a strategy for sending power line carrier signals step by using a topology identification device;
(4) the automatic judgment of the physical connection relation between the nodes can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a carrier low voltage transmission line circuit model;
fig. 2 is a block flow diagram of a first preferred embodiment of a low-voltage distribution area topology identification method based on power line carrier attenuation characteristics according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a low voltage distribution network topology for implementing the method shown in fig. 2.
The numerical identifiers in the drawings of the specification correspond to the names of the components respectively as follows:
zone one-M0; m1-platform intelligent terminal; m2-topology identification means; m3-low voltage transformer; branch box I-1-S11; a branch box I-2-S12; branch box I-N-S1N; branch box II-1-S21; branch box II-2-S22; branch box II-N-S2N; user meter boxes-1-S31; user meter box-2-S32; user meter box-N-S3N.
Detailed Description
Before understanding the technical solution of the present invention, it is necessary to understand the theoretical principle according to which the invention is based:
1.1 Low-voltage power line carrier transmission model
As shown in fig. 1, at any one microterminal z of the low-voltage power transmission line, a section of differential line element a-b with length dz is taken, and the differential line element a-b is regarded as a two-terminal pi-type or inverted-L-type network of the lumped parameter circuit, so that the corresponding total resistance on the network is Rdz, the total conductance Gdz, the total inductance is Ldz and the total capacitance Cdz are obtained.
Let the input voltage and current at X-point position z at time t be u (z, t), and i (z, t), respectively, and the output voltage and current at Y-point position z + dz be u (z + dz, t), and i (z + dz, t), respectively.
Applying kirchhoff's voltage drop between X, Y points and the current law, one can derive:
when dz approaches 0, the low voltage power transmission line expression is:
low voltage power transmission line wave equation:
the general solution is as follows:
the characteristic impedance of the low-voltage power transmission line is the ratio of the incident voltage to the incident current, namely
The line propagation coefficient is:
the real part is the line attenuation coefficient, the unit is dB, and the real part is related to the propagation distance of the carrier signal and influences the change of the transmission amplitude of the carrier signal.
1.2 Power line Carrier attenuation characteristics and node connection relationship discrimination
The high frequency carrier signal is transmitted along the power line, and as can be seen from equation (7), the carrier signal will be attenuated as the transmission distance increases. Therefore, when one of the topology identification devices sends out a high-frequency carrier signal, the signal of the nearest adjacent node is strongest; the farther away the node is, the weaker the signal strength is, and even no carrier signal is detected. According to the principle, the upper-level and lower-level connection relation among the nodes of the same power line can be judged according to the attenuation degree of the carrier signal.
The names to be understood are explained as follows:
platform district intelligent terminal: the topology identification device is positioned at the outgoing line position of the low-voltage transformer area and can be communicated with the master station system and the topology identification device; the method can send a topology identification instruction to a topology identification device and receive a power carrier signal of the topology identification device; the topological relation of the low-voltage distribution area can be automatically identified, and a topological relation file is generated and uploaded to the master station system.
The topology recognition device: and the branch nodes and the user electric meters are positioned in the transformer area. The system can receive a topology identification instruction sent by an intelligent terminal in a distribution area, can identify power carrier signals of other topology identification devices, and can detect the strength of the power carrier signals; the power line carrier signal can be sent out, and the intelligent terminal can communicate with the transformer area.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 2, the method for identifying a low-voltage distribution area topology based on power line carrier attenuation characteristics according to the present embodiment includes the steps of:
1) each district intelligent terminal sends an instruction to a topology identification device of a user meter box, and certainly, before step 1), a start-up action is needed first, such as step 01 in fig. 2);
2) after receiving the instruction, the topology identification device of the user meter box sends a power carrier signal containing self topology identification coding information through power carrier communication;
3) detecting the intensity of the power line carrier signal by other topology identification devices and the platform area intelligent terminal which are positioned on the same power line with the topology identification device of the user meter box, and uploading a detection result information file to the platform area intelligent terminal;
4) the platform area intelligent terminal analyzes the detection result of the signal intensity of the topology identification device at each node, and the node with the strongest signal intensity can be judged as a superior node electrically connected with the node of the topology identification device of the user meter box;
step 04) is hidden in the step, and no power carrier information is sent for the node with the strongest signal strength;
5) judging whether the superior node is a platform area intelligent terminal node, if so, executing a step 6), and if not, executing a step 9);
6) completing one household-line-variable physical topology identification;
7) judging whether all the nodes of the topology identification device are traversed, if so, executing a step 8), and if not, returning to the step 1);
8) finishing the physical topology identification of the transformer area;
9) further taking the node with the strongest signal strength as a starting point, the platform area intelligent terminal sends a topology identification instruction to the topology identification device of the node, and the topology identification device of the node sends a power carrier signal containing self topology identification codes through power carrier communication;
10) when receiving the power carrier signal, the topology identification devices of other nodes detect the signal intensity again and upload a detection result and an identified topology coding information file to the platform area intelligent terminal;
11) the intelligent terminal of the transformer area analyzes the detection result of the signal intensity of the topology recognition device at each node again, and if the node with the strongest signal intensity is the node, the node can be judged as a superior node electrically connected with the node, and the step 5 is returned;
the intelligent terminal of the transformer area is installed at each node of the transformer area, each topology recognition device is installed at each node of the transformer area, each branch box node of each level and a user meter box node respectively, and each intelligent terminal of the transformer area and each topology recognition device have unique self topology recognition codes and are bound with the position information of the node at the installation position.
In a specific embodiment, the platform area intelligent terminal nodes, the branch box nodes at all levels and the topology identification device nodes are networked in a light ray/4G manner.
In a specific embodiment, the self-topology identification coding information includes longitude and latitude coordinate information, and information of each platform, each branch box, and a user meter box.
The working process of a specific embodiment of the present invention is described with the low-voltage distribution network topology diagram shown in fig. 3:
as shown in fig. 3, when the topology judgment of the connection relationship between the nodes is implemented, the station area intelligent terminal M1 of the station area one M0 is connected to the outgoing line of the low-voltage station area transformer M3, first, the station area intelligent terminal M1 sends a topology identification command to the topology identification device M2 of the user meter box-1S 31 at the node (i), the topology identification device M2 at the node sends a power carrier signal, the topology identification devices M2 at the nodes (ii), (iii), (iv), and (v) of the same power line detect the signal strength, and the node (ii) receives the strongest signal strength, so that it can be judged that the node (ii) is the upper node electrically connected to the node (i) of the user meter box-1S 31. The topology recognition device M2 at the node II continues to send power carrier signals, the strongest signal intensity at the node III can be detected, and the node III is judged to be a superior node electrically connected with the node II. By analogy, the nodes (i) -node (ii → node (iii) → … → node (v) are connected in sequence. And finally, traversing all user meter box nodes to obtain the physical topology of the whole low-voltage distribution area, and generating a physical topology description file.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures made by using the contents of the specification and the drawings of the present invention or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A low-voltage distribution area topology identification method based on power line carrier attenuation characteristics is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) each intelligent terminal in each area sends an instruction to a topology identification device of a user meter box;
2) after receiving the instruction, the topology identification device of the user meter box sends a power carrier signal containing self topology identification coding information through power carrier communication;
3) detecting the intensity of the power line carrier signal by other topology identification devices and the platform area intelligent terminal which are positioned on the same power line with the topology identification device of the user meter box, and uploading a detection result information file to the platform area intelligent terminal;
4) the platform area intelligent terminal analyzes the detection result of the signal intensity of the topology identification device at each node, and the node with the strongest signal intensity can be judged as a superior node electrically connected with the node of the topology identification device of the user meter box;
5) judging whether the superior node is a platform area intelligent terminal node, if so, executing a step 6), and if not, executing a step 9);
6) completing one household-line-variable physical topology identification;
7) judging whether all the nodes of the topology identification device are traversed, if so, executing a step 8), and if not, returning to the step 1);
8) finishing the physical topology identification of the transformer area;
9) further taking the node with the strongest signal strength as a starting point, the platform area intelligent terminal sends a topology identification instruction to the topology identification device of the node, and the topology identification device of the node sends a power carrier signal containing self topology identification codes through power carrier communication;
10) when receiving the power carrier signal, the topology identification devices of other nodes detect the signal intensity again and upload a detection result and an identified topology coding information file to the platform area intelligent terminal;
11) the intelligent terminal of the transformer area analyzes the detection result of the signal intensity of the topology recognition device at each node again, and if the node with the strongest signal intensity is the node, the node can be judged as a superior node electrically connected with the node, and the step 5 is returned;
the intelligent terminal of the transformer area is installed at each node of the transformer area, each topology recognition device is installed at each node of the transformer area, each branch box node of each level and a user meter box node respectively, and each intelligent terminal of the transformer area and each topology recognition device have unique self topology recognition codes and are bound with the position information of the node at the installation position.
2. The low-voltage distribution room topology identification method based on the power line carrier attenuation characteristic as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distribution room intelligent terminal nodes, branch box nodes of each level, and topology identification device nodes are networked in a light/4G manner.
3. The method for identifying the topology of the low-voltage transformer area based on the attenuation characteristic of the power line carrier as claimed in claim 1, wherein the self topology identification coding information includes longitude and latitude coordinate information, information of each transformer area, each branch box and a user meter box.
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