CN111462217A - Method and system for measuring volume of intracranial hematoma - Google Patents
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- 206010059491 Intracranial haematoma Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for measuring intracranial hematoma volume, which relate to the technical field of forensic medicine and comprise the following steps: acquiring head image data of a human body through image scanning operation; performing hematoma extraction on each sectional plane of the head image data according to a preset blood threshold range to obtain a first intracranial hematoma mask corresponding to each sectional plane; generating a second intracranial hematoma mask by adopting a region growing method aiming at each first intracranial hematoma mask; performing three-dimensional interpolation modeling on each second intracranial hematoma mask to generate a three-dimensional hematoma model; calculating according to the three-dimensional model of the hematoma to obtain the volume of the intracranial hematoma of the human body, and positioning the intracranial hematoma according to the three-dimensional model of the hematoma to obtain the anatomical part of the intracranial hematoma. The method has the advantages that the three-dimensional model of the hematoma is generated based on the head image data of the real human body, and the anatomical position of the hematoma in the cranium can be visually and clearly positioned; the quantitative measurement result of the intracranial hematoma volume is consistent with the actual result, and the evidence requirement of judicial identification is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forensic medicine, in particular to a method and a system for measuring intracranial hematoma volume.
Background
Cerebral hemorrhage is a very important cause of disability and death of patients, and the volume size of intracranial hematoma and the anatomical part of the hematoma can be used as important indexes for predicting early mortality when patients are admitted, and also can be used as important indexes for identifying death causes and serious injuries in forensic medicine. According to records of the legal medical expert Pathology, the epidural hematoma reaches 75-100 ml, and the subdural hematoma of the dura reaches 100ml, so that the death can be realized.
The traditional hematoma measurement mostly adopts a multi-field formula (the hematoma measurement is equal to the hematoma length ×, the width is equal to the diameter ×, namely V is equal to ABC/2), the multi-field formula is simplified by an ellipsoid volume formula, and the premise is that the hematoma shape is approximate to an ellipse.
The stereology method is that a standard netted measuring grid is drawn on a computer by using Photoshop software, then the standard netted measuring grid is covered on a CT or MRI image, the number (N) of measuring points in the hematoma is counted, the number is multiplied by the area (S) related to the measuring points, the scanning layer thickness (C) is counted, and then the volume (V) of the hematoma is calculated according to the ratio (E) of the image scale and the length of the measuring grid, namely the formula V is S × N × E2 × C.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for measuring the volume of intracranial hematoma, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1, obtaining head image data of human body through image scanning operation, wherein the head image data comprises a plurality of fault planes;
step S2, hematoma extraction is respectively carried out on each fault plane according to a preset blood threshold range, and a first intracranial hematoma mask corresponding to each fault plane is obtained;
step S3, generating a second intracranial hematoma mask by adopting a region growing method aiming at each first intracranial hematoma mask;
step S4, performing three-dimensional interpolation modeling on each second intracranial hematoma mask to generate a three-dimensional hematoma model;
and step S5, calculating according to the three-dimensional hematoma model to obtain the intracranial hematoma volume of the human body, and positioning the intracranial hematoma according to the three-dimensional hematoma model to obtain the anatomical part of the intracranial hematoma.
Preferably, the head image data is head tomographic data of the human body.
Preferably, the blood threshold range is [50 Henry, 100 Henry ].
Preferably, after the step S4 is executed, the method further includes performing surface manual correction on the three-dimensional hematoma model to remove noise of the three-dimensional hematoma model, so as to obtain a corrected three-dimensional hematoma model, and performing measurement of the volume of the intracranial hematoma and positioning of the anatomical site where the intracranial hematoma is located according to the corrected three-dimensional hematoma model.
Preferably, after the surface correction is performed, the method further includes smoothing the corrected three-dimensional hematoma model to obtain a smoothed three-dimensional hematoma model, and measuring the volume of the intracranial hematoma and positioning the anatomical site where the intracranial hematoma is located according to the smoothed three-dimensional hematoma model.
Preferably, the smoothing coefficient of the smoothing process is 0.3, and the number of smoothing times is 5.
Preferably, in step S1, the scanning range of the scanning operation is from the vertex to the clavicle region of the human body.
A system for measuring volume of an intracranial hematoma, applying the method for measuring volume of an intracranial hematoma as described in any one of the above items, the system specifically comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring head image data of a human body through image scanning operation, wherein the head image data comprises a plurality of fault planes;
the hematoma extraction module is connected with the data acquisition module and used for respectively extracting hematoma of each sectional surface according to a preset blood threshold range to obtain a first intracranial hematoma mask corresponding to each sectional surface;
the regional growth module is connected with the hematoma extraction module and is used for generating a second intracranial hematoma mask by adopting a regional growth method aiming at each first intracranial hematoma mask;
and the model generation module is connected with the region growing module and used for carrying out three-dimensional interpolation modeling on each second intracranial hematoma mask so as to generate a three-dimensional hematoma model.
And the data measurement module is connected with the model generation module and used for calculating the intracranial hematoma volume of the human body according to the three-dimensional hematoma model and positioning the intracranial hematoma to obtain the anatomical part of the intracranial hematoma.
Preferably, the system further comprises a model correction module, connected to the model generation module, and configured to perform surface manual correction on the three-dimensional hematoma model to remove noise of the three-dimensional hematoma model, obtain a corrected three-dimensional hematoma model, and perform measurement of the volume of the intracranial hematoma and positioning of an anatomical region where the intracranial hematoma is located according to the corrected three-dimensional hematoma model.
Preferably, the system further comprises a model smoothing module connected to the model correction module and configured to smooth the corrected three-dimensional hematoma model to obtain a smoothed three-dimensional hematoma model, and measure the volume of the intracranial hematoma and locate the anatomical region where the intracranial hematoma is located according to the smoothed three-dimensional hematoma model.
The technical scheme has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
1) generating a three-dimensional hematoma model based on the head image data of the real human body, and visually and clearly positioning the anatomical position of the hematoma in the cranium;
2) the relationship level between the hematoma and the surrounding tissues can be clearly distinguished, so that the identification evidence is more three-dimensional and visual;
3) the hematoma three-dimensional model has good repeatability, and is convenient for evidence preservation and rechecking identification;
4) the practical anatomical data verifies that the positioning of the three-dimensional hematoma model to the anatomical part of the intracranial hematoma and the quantitative measurement result of the volume of the intracranial hematoma are consistent with the practical result, the reconstruction result of the three-dimensional hematoma model is reliable and credible, and the evidence requirement of judicial identification is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for measuring intracranial hematoma volume according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first intracranial hematoma mask in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of a hematoma, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a system for measuring intracranial hematoma volume, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and other embodiments may be included in the scope of the present invention as long as the gist of the present invention is satisfied.
In accordance with the above problems of the prior art, there is provided a method for measuring volume of an intracranial hematoma, as shown in fig. 1, which includes the following steps:
step S1, obtaining head image data of human body through image scanning operation, wherein the head image data comprises a plurality of fault planes;
step S2, extracting hematoma areas of each sectional surface according to a preset blood threshold range to obtain a first intracranial hematoma mask corresponding to each sectional surface;
step S3, generating a second intracranial hematoma mask by adopting a region growing method aiming at each first intracranial hematoma mask;
step S4, performing three-dimensional interpolation modeling on each second intracranial hematoma mask to generate a three-dimensional hematoma model;
and step S5, calculating the intracranial hematoma volume of the human body according to the three-dimensional hematoma model, and positioning the intracranial hematoma according to the three-dimensional hematoma model to obtain the anatomical part of the intracranial hematoma.
Specifically, in the embodiment, the positioning of the intracranial hematoma area and the measurement of the volume of the intracranial hematoma are realized by combining the medical imaging device and the image data processing software, so that a basis is provided for identifying the death reason and the injury degree of the forensic medicine, the analysis and identification capabilities of cases causing death and disability of the intracranial hemorrhage in the current forensic medicine field are effectively improved, and scientific evidence is provided for the forensic medicine identification of the intracranial hemorrhage. The image data processing software is preferably MIMICS software, wherein MIMICS is an interactive medical image control system of the Materialise company, namely a Materialise's interactive medical image control system, is software with a modular structure, can be matched differently according to the different requirements of users, is a set of highly integrated and easy-to-use 3D image generation and editing processing software, can input various scanned data (CT and MRI), and provides segmentation tools such as threshold segmentation, region growth, dynamic region growth, morphological operation, Boolean operation, multi-layer editing and the like; providing horizontal, coronal, and sagittal views of the raw data; provides a three-dimensional view reconstructed according to the target area, and can perform translation, scaling and rotation of the three-dimensional view. While enabling editing of the three-dimensional model. The three-dimensional reconstruction is carried out through MIMICS, so that the hematoma can be positioned and quantitatively analyzed, and a reference basis is provided for forensic cause of death identification.
In the scanning process, a human body (or a corpse) is in a supine position, the scanning range is from the vertex to the clavicle, the scanning parameters comprise voltage of 120kV, current of 240mA, layer thickness of 5mm/0.625mm and an imaging matrix 1024 × 1014, the scanning image is transmitted to a graphic workstation through a digital interface, and the scanning image is output and stored in a DICOM (digital imaging and communications in medicine) standard format.
And then, the stored DICOM-format image is imported into MIMICS software, and the intracranial hematoma range selection and three-dimensional reconstruction are carried out in the MIMICS software. Specifically, the generation range of the three-dimensional hematoma model is set as a cubic area of the brain, the contrast of the image is adjusted to make the boundaries of tissues with different brightness in the corresponding areas clearer, and each section hematoma area is extracted by setting a blood threshold range, so as to obtain a first intracranial hematoma mask corresponding to each section as shown in fig. 2. Because the boundary of the hematoma is fuzzy, a method of setting a blood threshold range to calibrate the boundary needs to be adopted to assist a computer in extracting the hematoma region.
Since the first intracranial hematoma mask may contain more noise, the first intracranial hematoma mask needs to be further optimized, that is, a second intracranial hematoma mask is generated by using a region growing method to optimize the noise. The optimized second intracranial hematoma mask is adopted to construct a three-dimensional hematoma model, so that the accuracy of the three-dimensional hematoma model is effectively improved, and further, the measurement accuracy of the volume of the intracranial hematoma and the positioning accuracy of the anatomical part where the intracranial hematoma is located are effectively improved.
After the three-dimensional hematoma model is generated, as shown in fig. 3, the position and the area range of the intracranial hematoma area can be visually and clearly checked according to the three-dimensional hematoma model, the relation level of the intracranial hematoma and surrounding tissues can be clearly distinguished, and the identification evidence is more three-dimensional and visual. Furthermore, the MIMICS software provides a function of directly measuring the volume of the three-dimensional hematoma model, and after the three-dimensional hematoma model is selected, the volume measuring function of the MIMICS software is called to directly measure the volume of the intracranial hematoma. Through autopsy, measure and record intracranial hematoma in the dissection process, through actual dissection data verification, the positioning of the intracranial hematoma area of the three-dimensional hematoma model and the quantitative measurement result of the intracranial hematoma volume are consistent with the actual result, the reconstruction result of the three-dimensional hematoma model is reliable and credible, and the evidence requirement of judicial identification is met. The hematoma three-dimensional model has good repeatability, is convenient for evidence storage and recheck identification, has obvious effect in the actual application process, obtains high evaluation in the identification practice, and has long-term and wider application value.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the head image data is head tomographic data of a human body.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the blood threshold range is [50 Henry, 100 Henry ].
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the step S4 is executed, the method further includes performing a surface manual correction on the three-dimensional model of the hematoma to remove noise of the three-dimensional model of the hematoma, obtain a corrected three-dimensional model of the hematoma, and perform a measurement of a volume of the intracranial hematoma and a positioning of an anatomical region where the intracranial hematoma is located according to the corrected three-dimensional model of the hematoma.
Specifically, in this embodiment, since there may still be relatively more noise points in the second intracranial hematoma mask, in order to further improve the accuracy of the three-dimensional hematoma model, it is preferable to perform a surface modification on the three-dimensional hematoma model to further eliminate the noise points.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the surface correction is performed, the method further includes performing a smoothing process on the corrected three-dimensional hematoma model to obtain a smoothed three-dimensional hematoma model, and performing measurement of the volume of the intracranial hematoma and positioning of the anatomical region where the intracranial hematoma is located according to the smoothed three-dimensional hematoma model.
Specifically, in this embodiment, since the surface correction is a manual correction process, and corresponding noise is generated in the manual correction process, it is more preferable to perform a smoothing process on the three-dimensional hematoma model in a smoothing process, so as to further enhance the accuracy of the three-dimensional hematoma model.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the smoothing coefficient of the smoothing process is 0.3, and the number of smoothing times is 5.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, the scanning range of the scanning operation is from the vertex of the skull to the clavicle region of the human body.
A system for measuring an intracranial hematoma volume, which applies any one of the above methods for measuring an intracranial hematoma volume, as shown in fig. 4, the system for measuring an intracranial hematoma volume specifically includes:
the data acquisition module 1 is used for acquiring head image data of a human body through image scanning operation, wherein the head image data comprises a plurality of fault planes;
the hematoma extraction module 2 is connected with the data acquisition module 1 and is used for respectively extracting hematomas of each sectional plane according to a preset blood threshold range to obtain a first intracranial hematoma mask corresponding to each sectional plane;
the region growing module 3 is connected with the hematoma extracting module 2 and is used for generating a second intracranial hematoma mask by adopting a region growing method aiming at each first intracranial hematoma mask;
and the model generation module 4 is connected with the region growing module 3 and is used for carrying out three-dimensional interpolation modeling on each second intracranial hematoma mask so as to generate a three-dimensional hematoma model.
And the data measuring module 5 is connected with the model generating module 4 and used for calculating the volume of the intracranial hematoma of the human body according to the three-dimensional hematoma model and positioning the intracranial hematoma to obtain the anatomical part of the intracranial hematoma.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system further comprises a model modification module 6 connected to the model generation module 4, and configured to perform surface manual modification on the three-dimensional hematoma model to remove noise points of the three-dimensional hematoma model, obtain a modified three-dimensional hematoma model, and perform measurement of the volume of the intracranial hematoma and positioning of an anatomical region where the intracranial hematoma is located according to the modified three-dimensional hematoma model.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system further comprises a model smoothing module 7 connected to the model correction module 6, for performing smoothing processing on the corrected three-dimensional hematoma model to obtain a smoothed three-dimensional hematoma model, and performing measurement of the volume of the intracranial hematoma and positioning of the anatomical region where the intracranial hematoma is located according to the smoothed three-dimensional hematoma model.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for measuring the volume of an intracranial hematoma is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, obtaining head image data of human body through image scanning operation, wherein the head image data comprises a plurality of fault planes;
step S2, hematoma extraction is respectively carried out on each fault plane according to a preset blood threshold range, and a first intracranial hematoma mask corresponding to each fault plane is obtained;
step S3, generating a second intracranial hematoma mask by adopting a region growing method aiming at each first intracranial hematoma mask;
step S4, performing three-dimensional interpolation modeling on each second intracranial hematoma mask to generate a three-dimensional hematoma model;
and step S5, calculating according to the three-dimensional hematoma model to obtain the intracranial hematoma volume of the human body, and positioning the intracranial hematoma according to the three-dimensional hematoma model to obtain the anatomical part of the intracranial hematoma.
2. The method of measuring intracranial hematoma volume as recited in claim 1, wherein the head image data is head tomography data of the human body.
3. The method of measuring intracranial hematoma volume as recited in claim 1, wherein the blood threshold range is [50 henrys, 100 henrys ].
4. The method for measuring the volume of the intracranial hematoma as recited in claim 1, wherein after the step S4, the method further comprises performing surface manual correction on the three-dimensional model of the hematoma to remove noise from the three-dimensional model of the hematoma and obtain a corrected three-dimensional model of the hematoma, and measuring the volume of the intracranial hematoma and locating the anatomical site where the intracranial hematoma is located according to the corrected three-dimensional model of the hematoma.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein after the surface modification is performed, the method further comprises smoothing the modified three-dimensional model of the hematoma to obtain a smoothed three-dimensional model of the hematoma, and performing the measurement of the volume of the intracranial hematoma and the positioning of the anatomical region where the intracranial hematoma is located according to the smoothed three-dimensional model of the hematoma.
6. The method of measuring intracranial hematoma volume as recited in claim 5, wherein the smoothing process has a smoothing coefficient of 0.3 and the number of smoothing times is 5.
7. The method for measuring volume of an intracranial hematoma as recited in claim 1, wherein the scanning operation in step S1 ranges from the cranial vertex to the clavicle region of the human body.
8. A system for measuring intracranial hematoma volume, the method for measuring intracranial hematoma volume as defined in any one of claims 1-7, the system comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring head image data of a human body through image scanning operation, wherein the head image data comprises a plurality of fault planes;
the hematoma extraction module is connected with the data acquisition module and used for respectively extracting hematoma of each sectional surface according to a preset blood threshold range to obtain a first intracranial hematoma mask corresponding to each sectional surface;
the regional growth module is connected with the hematoma extraction module and is used for generating a second intracranial hematoma mask by adopting a regional growth method aiming at each first intracranial hematoma mask;
and the model generation module is connected with the region growing module and used for carrying out three-dimensional interpolation modeling on each second intracranial hematoma mask so as to generate a three-dimensional hematoma model.
And the data measurement module is connected with the model generation module and used for calculating the intracranial hematoma volume of the human body according to the three-dimensional hematoma model and positioning the intracranial hematoma to obtain the anatomical part of the intracranial hematoma.
9. The system for measuring the volume of an intracranial hematoma as recited in claim 8, further comprising a model modification module, connected to the model generation module, for performing surface manual modification on the three-dimensional model of the hematoma to remove noise of the three-dimensional model of the hematoma, so as to obtain a modified three-dimensional model of the hematoma, and performing measurement of the volume of the intracranial hematoma and positioning of an anatomical site where the intracranial hematoma is located according to the modified three-dimensional model of the hematoma.
10. The system for measuring the volume of an intracranial hematoma according to claim 9, further comprising a model smoothing module connected to the model correction module, for smoothing the corrected three-dimensional hematoma model to obtain a smoothed three-dimensional hematoma model, and measuring the volume of the intracranial hematoma and positioning an anatomical region where the intracranial hematoma is located according to the smoothed three-dimensional hematoma model.
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