CN111461683A - Cross-cloud interconnection-oriented block chain accounting method and system - Google Patents
Cross-cloud interconnection-oriented block chain accounting method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a cross-cloud interconnection-oriented block chain accounting method and a cross-cloud interconnection-oriented block chain accounting system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cloud service provider CSP and the cloud service consumer CSC purchase cryptocurrency from the cryptocurrency provider CCP and keep the cryptocurrency in the local as transaction reserved money; when the transaction starts, recording the start of the transaction in the chain distributed account book; both parties participating in the transaction carry out real currency-based transaction through a down-link quick payment channel; after the transaction is finished, the CCP determines the respective final reserved money of the two parties participating in the transaction according to currency circulation in the transaction process; after a preset time interval, the final reservations are uploaded into the on-chain distributed ledger and broadcast. The embodiment of the invention solves the problem of real-time and large-scale high-frequency transaction accounting through the fast payment channel under the united link and the distributed account book on the link.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of block chains, in particular to a cross-cloud interconnection-oriented block chain accounting method and system.
Background
With the development of socio-economic, the existing cloud services have been unable to meet the demands of diverse explosive global business activities. The demand for cloud services now has a significant gap from traditional cloud services. The defense department greatly provides a concept of joint cloud computing, and hopes to increase cooperation among clouds. The federated cloud not only focuses on resource integration on vertical structures, but also provides service-oriented collaboration among horizontally-promoted CSPs (cloud service providers). Based on the technology of the block chain, a distributed accounting system is provided.
However, when we practice the federated cloud account system based on the block chain, we face the following problems:
firstly, a combined cloud account system needs to support large-scale and high-frequency transactions, but the existing block chain technology cannot meet the requirements of large-scale and high-frequency transactions;
secondly, the size and frequency of the exchange of the combined cloud are very dynamic, and in order to avoid hard forking caused by the overlarge size of the blockchain, parameters (such as the block size and the interval) need to be dynamically adjusted, and in the existing blockchain technology, the block size and the interval are fixed and cannot be dynamically adjusted;
third, in the existing distributed account system, the blocks participating in the block chain are not very equal, but in an application scenario, each participant participating in the joint cloud cooperation should be able to become an accounting of the joint cloud account, however, the participants are not strictly equal, and a new method needs to be designed to avoid unequal identities, so that all participants can have an opportunity to become an account keeper.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve or at least partially solve the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a cross-cloud interconnection-oriented block chain accounting method and system.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cross-cloud interconnection-oriented block chain accounting method, including:
the cloud service provider CSP and the cloud service consumer CSC purchase cryptocurrency from the cryptocurrency provider CCP and keep the cryptocurrency in the local as transaction reserved money;
when the transaction starts, recording the start of the transaction in the chain distributed account book;
both parties participating in the transaction carry out real currency-based transaction through a down-link quick payment channel;
after the transaction is finished, the CCP determines the respective final reserved money of the two parties participating in the transaction according to currency circulation in the transaction process;
after a preset time interval, the final reservation is uploaded into the on-chain distributed ledger and broadcast.
Wherein before the step of the two parties participating in the transaction performing the real currency-based transaction through the linked fast payment channel, the method further comprises:
ensuring that the downlink quick pay channel can be used;
wherein, the conditions that the quick payment channel under the chain can be used are specifically:
at least one channel already exists between the parties participating in the transaction, all payers and payees are on-line, and all payers must have sufficient transaction reservations;
the payer is a cloud service provider CSP or a cloud service consumer CSC, and the payee is the cloud service provider CSP.
Wherein, the recording of the start of the transaction in the chain distributed ledger specifically is:
the respective transaction reservations of the two parties involved in the transaction are uploaded into the chain distributed ledger and broadcast.
Wherein, still include:
and calculating the state of the distributed account book on the current chain according to the previous chain, and dynamically adjusting the parameters of the new block of the distributed account book on the chain according to the state.
Wherein, after the preset time interval, before the step of uploading the final reserved money to the chain distributed ledger and broadcasting, the method further includes:
determining block accounting based on the number of times the participant became accounting in previous blocks and the participation fees of the participant in previous blocks;
the participants are in particular CSP, CSC or CCP.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cross-cloud interconnection-oriented block chain accounting system, including: an on-chain distributed ledger, an off-chain fast payment channel, a cryptocurrency provider CCP, a cloud service provider CSP and a cloud service consumer CSC, wherein,
the CSP and the CSC purchase cryptocurrency from the CCP and remain in the local as transaction reserved money;
the link-down quick payment channel is used for providing a real currency-based quick transaction channel for two parties participating in the transaction under the condition that the link-down quick payment channel can be used;
the CCP is used for distributing reserved transaction money to the CSP and the CSC, determining respective final reserved money of two parties participating in the transaction according to currency circulation in the transaction process after the transaction is finished, and uploading the final reserved money to the chain distributed account book after a preset time interval;
the chain distributed ledger is used for recording and broadcasting the transaction start and the final reserved money.
Wherein, the conditions that the quick payment channel under the chain can be used are specifically:
at least one channel already exists between the parties involved in the transaction, all payers and payees are on-line and all payers must have sufficient transaction reservations.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor implements the steps of the cross-cloud-interconnection-oriented block chain accounting method as provided in the first aspect when executing the program.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the cross-cloud interconnection-oriented block chain accounting method as provided in the first aspect.
According to the block chain accounting method and system for cross-cloud interconnection, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the cryptocurrency used in the united cloud environment and the currency used in reality are successfully exchanged by introducing the cryptocurrency provider CCP, and the problem of real-time and large-scale high-frequency transaction accounting is solved by a fast payment channel under the united chain and an on-chain distributed account book.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a cross-cloud interconnection-oriented block chain accounting method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a working scenario of a joint cloud account book provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a recording process of a federated cloud ledger;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a quick payment channel under link according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic physical structure diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a block chain accounting method for cross-cloud interconnection provided in an embodiment of the present invention, where the method includes:
specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the cryptocurrency provider CCP is introduced, and the cryptocurrency provider CCP provides and circulates cryptocurrency and has responsibility to prove the true value of the cryptocurrency. The cloud service provider CSP and the cloud service consumer CSC may purchase cryptocurrency from the cryptocurrency provider CCP using real currency, such as rmb or dollars, or exchange real currency using cryptocurrency. The cryptocurrency is the only currency used in the federated cloud collaboration environment. Both the customer and the provider must use this cryptocurrency to transact.
The cryptocurrency provider CCP is only responsible for the transaction and guarantee of the cryptocurrency, but does not control any account, just like a normal bank, so that the united cloud account realizes decentralization.
The cloud service provider CSP and the cloud service consumer CSC both purchase cryptocurrency from the cryptocurrency provider CCP, the purchased cryptocurrency being held locally as a transaction reservation.
specifically, the two parties participating in the transaction include a payer, which may be a cloud service provider CSP or a cloud service consumer CSC, and a payee, which is the cloud service provider CSP.
When the transaction starts, the respective transaction reservation of the two parties participating in the transaction are uploaded to the chain distributed ledger and broadcast.
102, the two parties participating in the transaction carry out real currency-based transaction through a down-link quick payment channel;
the embodiment of the invention solves the problem that the existing block chain technology cannot meet large-scale and high-frequency transaction by introducing the under-chain quick payment channel. Fig. 2 is a working scenario of the joint cloud account book provided in the embodiment of the present invention. The combined cloud account book comprises a down-chain fast payment channel and an up-chain distributed account book.
The distributed account book on the chain is mainly used for carrying out accounting on non-real-time low-frequency transactions, and the introduction of the quick payment channel under the chain is mainly used for large-scale, high-frequency and real-time transactions. Each participant has to store a copy of the distributed ledger, but the fast payment channel under the chain can only be stored in the participant related to the transaction, and the transaction on each chain needs to be broadcasted and allowed by the whole network, but the transaction under the chain only needs to be allowed by both parties of the transaction, so that the high-frequency real-time transaction can be satisfied.
The main process of the transaction based on the real currency by the two parties participating in the transaction through the down-link fast payment channel is as follows: the two participants need to allocate some reserved money before they can do the transaction, which can only be seen by the owner, and then the start of the transaction needs to be recorded in the chain distributed ledger. And in the transaction process, the exchange of the currency occurs at two sides in a channel under the chain until the final transaction is finished, and at the moment, the final reserved money is registered in a distributed account book on the chain. The increase of the block chain occurs at the beginning and end of the transaction, the contents of the block being the number of reservations made by the parties involved in the transaction. However, currency circulation in the transaction process cannot be recorded in a chain distributed account book, only when both parties participate in the transaction, the two parties have retained copies, after the transaction, the CCP is checked with the CSP and the CSC respectively, and after the check is successful, the CCP is linked and broadcast in the transaction.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a recording process of a consolidated cloud ledger.
Before the step of performing the real currency-based transaction by the two parties participating in the transaction through the linked fast payment channel, the method further comprises the following steps:
ensuring that the down-link quick pay channel can be used.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fast payment channel under the chain according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be derived from fig. 4, the conditions under which the down-link quick payment channel can be used are specifically:
at least one channel already exists between the parties involved in the transaction, all payers and payees are on-line and all payers must have sufficient transaction reservations.
However, if both routes are feasible, the problem can be solved by using a routing algorithm that recommends a most suitable route to the user. Through this route, the user can save the cost of using on the transaction. But less expense is not the only purpose of the routing algorithm, while also helping the participants to dynamically adjust the allocation of reservations throughout the route. To ensure that this channel is available, reservations are distributed to those more reliable participants (either remaining online or having sufficient reservations). Although it is unknown what the reservation of another user is, we can guess it roughly through the history. If, as in fig. 4, the CSC1 finds that the channel containing the CSC2 is not reliable (because the CSC2 is not reliable), the CSC1 may directly close this channel, but this means that he has to pay for the block chain and broadcast this closing information. Or a better solution would be to pass through the CSC2 as a first choice the next time other unreliable routes are encountered.
103, after the transaction is finished, determining respective final reserved money of the two parties participating in the transaction by the CCP according to currency circulation in the transaction process;
specifically, the cryptocurrency provider CCP determines respective final reserved money of both parties participating in the transaction according to currency circulation during the transaction.
And 104, after a preset time interval, uploading the final reserved money to the chain distributed account book and broadcasting.
Specifically, the final reservation is uploaded into the on-chain distributed ledger by the cryptocurrency provider CCP according to the block size and block interval of the on-chain distributed ledger and broadcasted.
According to the block chain accounting method oriented to cross-cloud interconnection, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the encryption currency used in the joint cloud environment and the currency used in reality are successfully exchanged by introducing the CCP, and the real-time and large-scale high-frequency transaction accounting problem is solved by a quick payment channel under the joint chain and an on-chain distributed account book.
The block chain accounting method oriented to cross-cloud interconnection provided by another embodiment of the present invention further includes, based on the above embodiment:
and calculating the state of the distributed account book on the current chain according to the previous chain, and dynamically adjusting the parameters of the new block of the distributed account book on the chain according to the state.
Specifically, the block size and block spacing are the two most important parameters for designing a block chain. The block size indirectly determines the maximum number of transactions that a block can carry. The block spacing determines where potential places can be written into the blockchain, and the block spacing cannot be set directly. The throughput of the system (the amount of transactions that can be processed per second), the resources used, and the security of the system, etc. are all affected by these two parameters.
Larger scale means slower growth rates which in turn increases the proportion of stale blocks. Stale blocks are legal but not on the chain. They have a detrimental effect on the safety and performance of the block chain because they cause the block chain to branch-a discontinuous uniform condition slows the growth rate of the backbone. A smaller interval means that the transaction is confirmed more quickly and with a greater chance of stale blocks.
These two parameters should be dynamically adjusted, and the state of the distributed ledger (e.g. throughput, stale block ratio, average actual block size …) on the current chain is calculated according to the previous chain, and the parameters of the new blocks of the distributed ledger on the chain are dynamically adjusted according to the state parameters of the system to avoid block divergence.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the method for accounting a block chain oriented to cross-cloud interconnection, before the step of uploading and broadcasting the final reserved money to the distributed ledger on the chain after a preset time interval, further includes:
determining block accounting based on the number of times the participant became accounting in previous blocks and the participation fees of the participant in previous blocks;
the participants are in particular CSP, CSC or CCP.
Specifically, the method of obtaining consensus in bitcoins is a workload certification method. In POW, each user solves the hash value with the same difficult problem, and the first user to solve the problem may become accountant. Users with greater computing power have a greater chance of becoming accountable. However, the identities of participants in a federated cloud collaboration environment are not equal. CSP and CCP tend to be more computing power than CSC, so users are less likely to be accountants.
In order to make the competition fairer, the embodiment of the invention provides a new workload proving method for use in the joint cloud account, and the difficulty of solving the problem by the participants is determined by two factors, namely participation relation and cost. The participation relationship represents the number of times the participant became accountable in the previous block. And the fee represents the fee for the transaction given by the participant in the last n blocks. Greater participation or less expense means more difficult to be accountable. That is, users who have hardly become accountant participants or who pay more transaction fees are more likely to become accountant.
The block chain accounting method oriented to cross-cloud interconnection provided by the embodiment of the invention can avoid unequal identities, enables all participants to have an opportunity to become accounting persons, and realizes relative fairness.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a cross-cloud interconnection-oriented block chain accounting system, including: an on-chain distributed ledger, an off-chain fast payment channel, a cryptocurrency provider CCP, a cloud service provider CSP and a cloud service consumer CSC, wherein,
the CSP and the CSC purchase cryptocurrency from the CCP and remain in the local as transaction reserved money;
the link-down quick payment channel is used for providing a real currency-based quick transaction channel for two parties participating in the transaction under the condition that the link-down quick payment channel can be used;
wherein, the conditions that the quick payment channel under the chain can be used are specifically:
at least one channel already exists between the parties involved in the transaction, all payers and payees are on-line and all payers must have sufficient transaction reservations.
The CCP is used for distributing reserved transaction money to the CSP and the CSC, and determining respective final reserved money of two parties participating in the transaction according to currency circulation in the transaction process after the transaction is finished;
the chain distributed ledger is used for recording and broadcasting the transaction start and the final reserved money.
For understanding of each functional module in the system, reference may be made to the foregoing method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
According to the block chain accounting system oriented to cross-cloud interconnection, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the cryptocurrency used in the united cloud environment and the currency used in reality are successfully exchanged by introducing the cryptocurrency provider CCP, and the problem of real-time and large-scale high-frequency transaction accounting is solved by a fast payment channel under the united chain and an on-chain distributed account book.
Fig. 5 is a schematic entity structure diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the electronic device may include: a processor (processor)510, a communication Interface (Communications Interface)520, a memory (memory)530 and a communication bus 540, wherein the processor 510, the communication Interface 520 and the memory 530 communicate with each other via the communication bus 540. Processor 510 may invoke a computer program stored on memory 530 and executable on processor 510 to perform the cross-cloud interconnect-oriented block chain accounting methods provided by the above-described method embodiments, including, for example: the cloud service provider CSP and the cloud service consumer CSC purchase cryptocurrency from the cryptocurrency provider CCP and keep the cryptocurrency in the local as transaction reserved money; when the transaction starts, recording the start of the transaction in the chain distributed account book; both parties participating in the transaction carry out real currency-based transaction through a down-link quick payment channel; after the transaction is finished, the CCP determines the respective final reserved money of the two parties participating in the transaction according to currency circulation in the transaction process; after a preset time interval, the final reservation is uploaded into the on-chain distributed ledger and broadcast.
Furthermore, the logic instructions in the memory 530 may be implemented in the form of software functional units and stored in a computer readable storage medium when the software functional units are sold or used as independent products. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the cross-cloud interconnection-oriented block chain accounting method provided in the foregoing method embodiments, and for example, the method includes: the cloud service provider CSP and the cloud service consumer CSC purchase cryptocurrency from the cryptocurrency provider CCP and keep the cryptocurrency in the local as transaction reserved money; when the transaction starts, recording the start of the transaction in the chain distributed account book; both parties participating in the transaction carry out real currency-based transaction through a down-link quick payment channel; after the transaction is finished, the CCP determines the respective final reserved money of the two parties participating in the transaction according to currency circulation in the transaction process; after a preset time interval, the final reservation is uploaded into the on-chain distributed ledger and broadcast.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A block chain accounting method oriented to cross-cloud interconnection is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the cloud service provider CSP and the cloud service consumer CSC purchase cryptocurrency from the cryptocurrency provider CCP and keep the cryptocurrency in the local as transaction reserved money;
when the transaction starts, recording the start of the transaction in the chain distributed account book;
both parties participating in the transaction carry out real currency-based transaction through a down-link quick payment channel;
after the transaction is finished, the CCP determines the respective final reserved money of the two parties participating in the transaction according to currency circulation in the transaction process;
after a preset time interval, the final reservation is uploaded into the on-chain distributed ledger and broadcast.
2. The cross-cloud-interconnection-oriented block chain accounting method according to claim 1, wherein before the step of the real-currency-based transaction between the two parties participating in the transaction through a down-chain fast payment channel, the method further comprises:
ensuring that the downlink quick pay channel can be used;
wherein, the conditions that the quick payment channel under the chain can be used are specifically:
at least one channel already exists between the parties participating in the transaction, all payers and payees are on-line, and all payers must have sufficient transaction reservations;
the payer is a cloud service provider CSP or a cloud service consumer CSC, and the payee is the cloud service provider CSP.
3. The cross-cloud-interconnection-oriented block chain accounting method according to claim 1, wherein the start of a transaction is recorded in a chain distributed ledger, specifically:
the respective transaction reservations of the two parties involved in the transaction are uploaded into the chain distributed ledger and broadcast.
4. The cross-cloud-interconnection-oriented block chain accounting method according to claim 1, further comprising:
and calculating the state of the distributed account book on the current chain according to the previous chain, and dynamically adjusting the parameters of the new block of the distributed account book on the chain according to the state.
5. The cross-cloud-interconnection-oriented block chain accounting method according to claim 1, wherein before the step of uploading and broadcasting the final reserved money into the on-chain distributed ledger after a preset time interval, the method further comprises:
determining block accounting based on the number of times the participant became accounting in previous blocks and the participation fees of the participant in previous blocks;
the participants are in particular CSP, CSC or CCP.
6. A cross-cloud interconnection-oriented block chain accounting system is characterized by comprising: an on-chain distributed ledger, an off-chain fast payment channel, a cryptocurrency provider CCP, a cloud service provider CSP and a cloud service consumer CSC, wherein,
the CSP and the CSC purchase cryptocurrency from the CCP and remain in the local as transaction reserved money;
the link-down quick payment channel is used for providing a real currency-based quick transaction channel for two parties participating in the transaction under the condition that the link-down quick payment channel can be used;
the CCP is used for distributing reserved transaction money to the CSP and the CSC, and determining respective final reserved money of two parties participating in the transaction according to currency circulation in the transaction process after the transaction is finished;
the chain distributed ledger is used for recording and broadcasting the transaction start and the final reserved money.
7. The cross-cloud-interconnection-oriented block chain accounting system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the conditions that the under-chain fast payment channel can be used are specifically:
at least one channel already exists between the parties involved in the transaction, all payers and payees are on-line and all payers must have sufficient transaction reservations.
8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the program implements the steps of the cross-cloud interconnect oriented block chain accounting method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
9. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the computer program when executed by a processor implements the steps of the cross-cloud interconnect-oriented blockchain accounting method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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