CN111459219A - Bidirectional constant current source circuit and control method - Google Patents
Bidirectional constant current source circuit and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111459219A CN111459219A CN202010104622.4A CN202010104622A CN111459219A CN 111459219 A CN111459219 A CN 111459219A CN 202010104622 A CN202010104622 A CN 202010104622A CN 111459219 A CN111459219 A CN 111459219A
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- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bidirectional constant current source circuit and a control method, which comprises a processor unit, a bidirectional DA unit connected with the processor unit, a current driving unit connected with the bidirectional DA unit, an animal tissue load, a current sectional sampling unit and an AD unit connected with the current sectional sampling unit, wherein the AD unit is simultaneously connected with the processor unit; according to the invention, unidirectional current, symmetrical bidirectional current and asymmetrical bidirectional current waveform output are realized through the bidirectional DA unit, and the bidirectional current is better in effect of promoting blood flow and nerve recovery by aiming at animal tissue electrical stimulation. Meanwhile, the output waveform can be selected from square waves, triangular waves, sine waves and irregular asymmetric waveforms, and the frequency and the pulse width are adjustable, so that various electrophysiology requirements can be realized conveniently. And the current sectional sampling unit is adopted, and under the condition of different set currents, sampling resistors with different resistance values are switched through the relay, so that the accurate output of large current and small current is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical electronics, in particular to a bidirectional constant current source circuit and a control method.
Background
The constant current source technology is widely applied to the fields of L ED lighting, laser and the like, and requires a circuit to output an accurate and constant current signal which does not change along with the change of a load.
For example, in the chinese patent application with publication No. 106200748A, a digital bidirectional constant current source is disclosed, which can output bidirectional current, but the bidirectional current in this technical scheme is applied to circuits with large current and high voltage, such as optical fiber communication, L ED lighting, and laser driving, which belong to the field of industrial electricity utilization and cannot be applied to animal tissues.
Therefore, a new technical solution is urgently needed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a bidirectional constant current source circuit which realizes bidirectional current output, can adjust the waveform, frequency, pulse width and current magnitude, can output an extremely low current signal and is convenient to operate.
The invention also provides a control method of the bidirectional constant current circuit.
The technical scheme is as follows: the bidirectional constant current source circuit provided by the invention can adopt the following technical scheme:
a bidirectional constant current source circuit comprises a processor unit, a bidirectional DA unit connected with the processor unit, a current driving unit connected with the bidirectional DA unit, a load, a current segmentation sampling unit and an AD unit connected with the current segmentation sampling unit, wherein the AD unit is simultaneously connected with the processor unit; the load is animal tissue and is respectively connected with the current driving unit and the current sectional sampling unit; the processor unit is used for controlling the bidirectional DA unit to output bidirectional alternating current, the size of the bidirectional alternating current and the waveform of the bidirectional alternating current; the current driving unit is used for amplifying the bidirectional alternating current signal output by the bidirectional DA unit and converting the bidirectional alternating current signal into a bidirectional voltage signal, and the bidirectional voltage signal forms current after passing through a load and flows into the current sectional sampling unit; the current segmentation sampling unit is used for switching different resistance values through a relay so as to control the magnitude of sampling voltage output by the current segmentation sampling unit, and the output voltage is converted into a digital signal through the AD unit and is sent to the processor unit; the processor unit is used for calculating the digital signal to obtain the actual current magnitude, comparing the actual current magnitude with the set current magnitude, if the actual current magnitude is larger than the set value, reducing the output voltage through the bidirectional DA unit, and if the actual current magnitude is smaller than the set value, increasing the output voltage through the bidirectional DA unit.
Further, the bidirectional alternating current waveform includes a square wave, a triangular wave, a sine wave, and an irregular asymmetric waveform.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a human-computer interaction unit, wherein the human-computer interaction unit is used for setting the waveform type, the frequency, the pulse width and the current of the circuit; the human-computer interaction unit is connected with the processor unit through the SPI.
Furthermore, the current segmentation sampling unit is provided with a relay, a triode connected with the relay, a sampling resistor and an auxiliary resistor; the relay controls the sampling resistor to be directly grounded, or the sampling resistor is grounded after being connected with the auxiliary resistor in series; the voltage on the sampling resistor is used as the sampling voltage.
The invention also provides a control method of the bidirectional constant current source circuit correspondingly, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a control method of a bidirectional constant current source circuit comprises the steps of providing a processor unit, a bidirectional DA unit connected with the processor unit, a current driving unit connected with the bidirectional DA unit, a load, a current subsection sampling unit and an AD unit connected with the current subsection sampling unit, wherein the AD unit is simultaneously connected with the processor unit; the load is animal tissue and is respectively connected with the current driving unit and the current sectional sampling unit; the processor unit controls the bidirectional DA unit to output bidirectional alternating current, the size of the bidirectional alternating current and the waveform of the bidirectional alternating current; the current driving unit amplifies the bidirectional alternating current signal output by the bidirectional DA unit and converts the bidirectional alternating current signal into a bidirectional voltage signal, and the bidirectional voltage signal forms current after passing through a load and flows into the current sectional sampling unit; the current subsection sampling unit switches different resistance values through a relay to control the size of sampling voltage output by the current subsection sampling unit, and the output voltage is converted into a digital signal through the AD unit and is sent to the processor unit; the set value of the current is preset in the processor, the processor unit calculates the digital signal to obtain the actual current, if the actual current is larger than the set value, the output voltage is reduced through the bidirectional DA unit, and if the actual current is smaller than the set value, the output voltage is increased through the bidirectional DA unit.
Furthermore, a human-computer interaction unit is provided and connected with the processor unit through an SPI (serial peripheral interface), waveform parameters of the circuit, including type, frequency, pulse width and current, are set through the human-computer interaction unit, the waveform parameters are input into the processor unit, the processor unit controls the output of the bidirectional DA unit through a parallel port mode, and the output draws a needed waveform through a software dot drawing mode.
Further, the method for outputting the bidirectional alternating current waveform by the bidirectional DA unit comprises the following steps: the processor unit reads waveform parameters output by the human-computer interaction unit, carries out data conversion after receiving the waveform parameters, inputs the waveform parameters into a mathematical formula corresponding to a waveform, generates discrete data after calculation through the mathematical formula, combines the discrete data together to be used as waveform data, stores the waveform data into a temporary buffer area, finally outputs the waveform data combined by the discrete data through the buffer area to the bidirectional DA unit to generate an actual analog waveform, and outputs the actual analog waveform after amplifying a current signal through the current drive unit.
Further, the current output is in contact with animal tissues in a metal electrode mode, and when the electrode falls off accidentally or the animal tissues are not touched, the output is stopped, and alarm information is output.
Furthermore, the current segmentation sampling unit is provided with a relay, a triode connected with the relay, a sampling resistor and an auxiliary resistor; when the processor outputs a low level, the relay controls the sampling resistor to be directly grounded, and when the processor outputs a high level, the sampling resistor is connected with the auxiliary resistor in series and then grounded; the voltage on the sampling resistor is used as the sampling voltage.
Has the advantages that:
compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the bidirectional constant current circuit and the technical scheme of the control method of the bidirectional constant current circuit can achieve the following effects.
According to the invention, through the bidirectional DA unit, unidirectional current, symmetrical bidirectional current and asymmetrical bidirectional current waveform output is realized, and the bidirectional current signal does not cause animal tissues to be fatigued. Therefore, compared with the unidirectional current, the bidirectional current has better effect on the electrical stimulation of animal tissues to promote blood flow and nerve recovery. Meanwhile, the output waveform can be selected from square waves, triangular waves, sine waves and irregular asymmetric waveforms, the frequency and the pulse width are adjustable, extremely low current with the range as low as 0.1ma can be output, and various electrophysiology requirements can be conveniently realized.
Furthermore, the invention comprises a current sectional sampling unit, and under the condition of different set currents, the sampling resistors with different resistance values are switched by a relay, so that the accurate output of large current and small current is realized.
And the invention realizes the function of open-circuit alarm by a closed-loop mode, the current output is contacted with animal tissues by a metal electrode mode, when the electrode/accident drops or the resistance value of an object is not touched, the output is stopped, and alarm information is output, thereby improving the safety.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a processor unit;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a human interaction unit;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a bi-directional DA unit;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a current drive unit;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a current segmented sampling unit;
FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of a software implementation of various waveform generation.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment discloses a bidirectional constant current source circuit, which includes a human-computer interaction unit, a processor unit, a bidirectional DA unit connected to the processor unit, a current driving unit connected to the bidirectional DA unit, a load, a current segment sampling unit, and an AD unit connected to the current segment sampling unit, wherein the AD unit is connected to the processor unit. The bidirectional constant current source circuit in this embodiment is used to electrically stimulate animal tissue to promote blood flow and nerve recovery, so the load is animal tissue. The load is respectively connected with the current driving unit and the current segmentation sampling unit.
The processor unit is used for controlling the bidirectional DA unit to output bidirectional alternating current, the size of the bidirectional alternating current and the waveform of the bidirectional alternating current. The electrophysiology theory shows that the stimulated muscles and nerves are different in different waveforms, so that the bidirectional alternating current waveform comprises square waves, triangular waves, sine waves and irregular asymmetric waveforms. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the processor unit uses an STM32F103C8T6 model processor of the ST Semiconductor (ST) group as a main control chip, which has a built-in software algorithm to realize various waveform outputs, adjustable frequency, pulse width and current according to the operator's settings. The minimum control unit of the chip uses an 8M active crystal oscillator as a clock input. The reset circuit is in resistance-capacitance reset, and is reset at the power-on moment. The single chip microcomputer is powered by 3.3V, an AD converter is arranged in the single chip microcomputer, and the reference voltage is also practical at 3.3V. The chip controls the bidirectional DA unit through a PB8-PB13 port.
Setting the waveform type, frequency, pulse width and current of the circuit through a human-computer interaction unit; the human-computer interaction unit is connected with the processor unit through the SPI. As shown in fig. 3, for the reserved interface of the human-computer interaction unit, in this embodiment, a touch display integrated module with a model number of JX040102-2 is selected as the human-computer interaction unit. The touch display integrated module is communicated with the single chip microcomputer through the 4-wire system SPI. Connected to the PCB by 2.54mm pitch pins.
The bidirectional DA unit is capable of outputting a bidirectional alternating current. As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, a DAC0800 chip, which is a model of TI corporation, is selected as the bidirectional DA unit. The chip uses +/-15V for power supply, and +10V is used as a reference voltage, and +/-analog current signals can be directly output through software control, wherein a pin 8 is connected with a pin 2 of a U4A chip of the current driving unit, and a pin 6 is connected with a pin 3 of a U4A chip of the current driving unit.
As shown in FIG. 5, the current driving unit is used for amplifying the bidirectional AC current signal output by the bidirectional DA unit and converting the bidirectional AC current signal into a bidirectional voltage signal, and the bidirectional voltage signal forms a current after passing through a load and flows into the current segmented sampling unit. in the embodiment, the current signal amplifying chip selected by the current driving unit is a L M358 chip, the current output of the chip can reach 20ma, and the chip meets the application requirements, is supplied with power by +/-15V, and is respectively filtered by using 0.1uF ceramic capacitors and respectively connected to a No. 4 pin and a No. 8 pin of U4A, wherein one end of R42 is connected to a No. 3 pin of U4A, the other end of R44 is connected to a No. 1 pin of U4A, and the other end of R63is connected to a No. 2 pin of U4A.
The current segmented sampling unit is used for switching different resistance values through a relay to control the magnitude of sampling voltage output by the current segmented sampling unit, the output voltage is converted into a digital signal through an AD unit and is sent to a processor unit, the processor unit is used for calculating the digital signal to obtain the actual current magnitude, the actual current magnitude is compared with the set current magnitude, if the actual current magnitude is larger than the set value, the output voltage is reduced through a bidirectional DA unit, and if the actual current magnitude is smaller than the set value, the output voltage is increased through the bidirectional DA unit, as shown in FIG. 6, a circuit schematic diagram of the current segmented sampling unit provided in the embodiment is provided, a current signal passing through a load is input into the current segmented sampling unit through a sampling resistor R47, one end of R46 is connected with an embedded processor, when a small current is required to be output, namely when the processor outputs a high level, a relay Q2 is attracted by L S2, a current passes through the sampling resistor R47 and auxiliary resistors R49 and R48 to the ground, a voltage is formed on R47 and is equal to a voltage equal to a current I (R47+ R48 + R) when the current is larger than a voltage processed when the relay is output, a low current is larger than a voltage processed, when the voltage is output by a single chip microcomputer, a voltage I < R47, a voltage is processed, a voltage is output voltage is smaller than a voltage when the low level, a voltage is output, a voltage is output voltage is set voltage when the relay R3 < 6, a voltage is output, a.
Meanwhile, the circuit design can ensure that the AD unit can still acquire voltage data and convert the voltage data into digital signals to be sent to the singlechip even if extremely low current is output. For example, a sampling resistor with a resistance value of 1K Ω and a current of 0.1ma are set, and the obtained sampling voltage of the AD is U-0.1 ma-1000 Ω -0.1V, so that the voltage can be reliably and accurately acquired by the 12-bit AD of the single chip microcomputer. The circuit can output extremely low current with the range as low as 0.1ma, is favorable for current stimulation applied to animal tissues, and is convenient for realizing various electrophysiological requirements.
Example two
The present embodiment provides a method for controlling a bidirectional constant current source circuit, where the bidirectional constant current source circuit provided in the embodiment of the method is the same as the bidirectional constant current source circuit in the first embodiment, and similarly includes a human-computer interaction unit, a processor unit, a bidirectional DA unit, a current driving unit, a load, a current segmentation sampling unit, and an AD unit, which are not described herein again.
In the control method, a processor unit controls a bidirectional DA unit to output bidirectional alternating current, the size of the bidirectional alternating current and a bidirectional alternating current waveform; the current driving unit amplifies the bidirectional alternating current signal output by the bidirectional DA unit and converts the bidirectional alternating current signal into a bidirectional voltage signal, and the bidirectional voltage signal forms current after passing through a load and flows into the current sectional sampling unit; the current subsection sampling unit switches different resistance values through a relay to control the size of sampling voltage output by the current subsection sampling unit, and the output voltage is converted into a digital signal through the AD unit and is sent to the processor unit; the set value of the current is preset in the processor, the processor unit calculates the digital signal to obtain the actual current, if the actual current is larger than the set value, the output voltage is reduced through the bidirectional DA unit, and if the actual current is smaller than the set value, the output voltage is increased through the bidirectional DA unit. The man-machine interaction unit is connected with the processor unit through the SPI, waveform parameters of the circuit, including type, frequency, pulse width and current, are set through the man-machine interaction unit, the waveform parameters are input into the processor unit, the processor unit controls the output of the bidirectional DA unit through a parallel port mode, and the output draws needed waveforms through a software tracing point mode. The current output is contacted with animal tissues in a metal electrode mode, and when the electrode falls off accidentally or the animal tissues are not contacted, the output is stopped, and alarm information is output.
In this embodiment, a method for outputting a bidirectional ac current waveform by a bidirectional DA unit is further provided, which is shown in fig. 7:
the processor unit reads waveform parameters output by the human-computer interaction unit, carries out data conversion after receiving the waveform parameters, inputs the waveform parameters into a mathematical formula corresponding to a waveform, generates discrete data after calculation through the mathematical formula, combines the discrete data together to be used as waveform data, stores the waveform data into a temporary buffer area, finally outputs the waveform data combined by the discrete data through the buffer area to the bidirectional DA unit to generate an actual analog waveform, and outputs the actual analog waveform after amplifying a current signal through the current drive unit. Certainly, after the initially output power signal passes through the animal tissue, the generated current is not necessarily the set current value, but as described above, the AD unit may acquire the actual current value in real time and enter the embedded processor unit, compare the actual current value with the set current, and adjust the output in real time, so as to finally keep the output current consistent with the set current value.
In addition, the present invention has many specific implementations and ways, and the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A bidirectional constant current source circuit is characterized by comprising a processor unit, a bidirectional DA unit connected with the processor unit, a current driving unit connected with the bidirectional DA unit, a load, a current segmentation sampling unit and an AD unit connected with the current segmentation sampling unit, wherein the AD unit is simultaneously connected with the processor unit; the load is animal tissue and is respectively connected with the current driving unit and the current sectional sampling unit;
the processor unit is used for controlling the bidirectional DA unit to output bidirectional alternating current, the size of the bidirectional alternating current and the waveform of the bidirectional alternating current;
the current driving unit is used for amplifying the bidirectional alternating current signal output by the bidirectional DA unit and converting the bidirectional alternating current signal into a bidirectional voltage signal, and the bidirectional voltage signal forms current after passing through a load and flows into the current sectional sampling unit;
the current segmentation sampling unit is used for switching different resistance values through a relay so as to control the magnitude of sampling voltage output by the current segmentation sampling unit, and the output voltage is converted into a digital signal through the AD unit and is sent to the processor unit;
the processor unit is used for calculating the digital signal to obtain the actual current magnitude, comparing the actual current magnitude with the set current magnitude, if the actual current magnitude is larger than the set value, reducing the output voltage through the bidirectional DA unit, and if the actual current magnitude is smaller than the set value, increasing the output voltage through the bidirectional DA unit.
2. The bidirectional constant current source circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the bidirectional alternating current waveform comprises a square wave, a triangular wave, a sine wave and an irregular asymmetric waveform.
3. The bidirectional constant current source circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the human-computer interaction unit is used for setting the waveform type, the frequency, the pulse width and the current of the circuit; the human-computer interaction unit is connected with the processor unit through the SPI.
4. The bidirectional constant current source circuit according to claim 3, wherein: the current segmentation sampling unit is provided with a relay, a triode connected with the relay, a sampling resistor and an auxiliary resistor; the relay controls the sampling resistor to be directly grounded, or the sampling resistor is grounded after being connected with the auxiliary resistor in series; the voltage on the sampling resistor is used as the sampling voltage.
5. The control method of the bidirectional constant current source circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: providing a processor unit, a bidirectional DA unit connected with the processor unit, a current driving unit connected with the bidirectional DA unit, a load, a current segmentation sampling unit and an AD unit connected with the current segmentation sampling unit, wherein the AD unit is simultaneously connected with the processor unit; the load is animal tissue and is respectively connected with the current driving unit and the current sectional sampling unit;
the processor unit controls the bidirectional DA unit to output bidirectional alternating current, the size of the bidirectional alternating current and the waveform of the bidirectional alternating current;
the current driving unit amplifies the bidirectional alternating current signal output by the bidirectional DA unit and converts the bidirectional alternating current signal into a bidirectional voltage signal, and the bidirectional voltage signal forms current after passing through a load and flows into the current sectional sampling unit;
the current subsection sampling unit switches different resistance values through a relay to control the size of sampling voltage output by the current subsection sampling unit, and the output voltage is converted into a digital signal through the AD unit and is sent to the processor unit;
the set value of the current is preset in the processor, the processor unit calculates the digital signal to obtain the actual current, if the actual current is larger than the set value, the output voltage is reduced through the bidirectional DA unit, and if the actual current is smaller than the set value, the output voltage is increased through the bidirectional DA unit.
6. The method for controlling the bidirectional constant current source circuit according to claim 5, wherein a human-computer interaction unit is provided and connected with the processor unit through the SPI, waveform parameters of the circuit, including type, frequency, pulse width and current, are set through the human-computer interaction unit and input into the processor unit, the processor unit controls the output of the bidirectional DA unit through a parallel port, and the output draws a required waveform through a software dot pattern.
7. The method for controlling a bidirectional constant current source circuit according to claim 6, wherein the bidirectional DA unit outputs the bidirectional ac current waveform by: the processor unit reads waveform parameters output by the human-computer interaction unit, carries out data conversion after receiving the waveform parameters, inputs the waveform parameters into a mathematical formula corresponding to a waveform, generates discrete data after calculation through the mathematical formula, combines the discrete data together to be used as waveform data, stores the waveform data into a temporary buffer area, finally outputs the waveform data combined by the discrete data through the buffer area to the bidirectional DA unit to generate an actual analog waveform, and outputs the actual analog waveform after amplifying a current signal through the current drive unit.
8. The control method of the bidirectional constant current source circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that: the current output is contacted with animal tissues in a metal electrode mode, and when the electrode falls off accidentally or the animal tissues are not contacted, the output is stopped, and alarm information is output.
9. The control method of the bidirectional constant current source circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that: the current segmentation sampling unit is provided with a relay, a triode connected with the relay, a sampling resistor and an auxiliary resistor; when the processor outputs a low level, the relay controls the sampling resistor to be directly grounded, and when the processor outputs a high level, the sampling resistor is connected with the auxiliary resistor in series and then grounded; the voltage on the sampling resistor is used as the sampling voltage.
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