CN111458098A - High-speed rockfall collision fragmentation indoor test device - Google Patents
High-speed rockfall collision fragmentation indoor test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111458098A CN111458098A CN202010472295.8A CN202010472295A CN111458098A CN 111458098 A CN111458098 A CN 111458098A CN 202010472295 A CN202010472295 A CN 202010472295A CN 111458098 A CN111458098 A CN 111458098A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-speed falling rock collision fragmentation indoor test device which comprises a falling rock accelerated ejection system, an automatic control system and a slope angle adjusting system, wherein the falling rock accelerated ejection system comprises a rotary disc, a falling rock placing box, a weight box, a supporting frame, a rotating shaft, a bearing, an electric brush, a belt and a driving motor, the automatic control system comprises a solenoid valve switching mechanism, an infrared light source emitter, an upright post, a photosensitive sensor, a brake, a P L C control system and a tension spring, and the slope angle adjusting system comprises a slope panel and a slope panel placing frame.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-speed rockfall collision fragmentation indoor test device, and belongs to the field of rockfall disaster prediction and prevention.
Background
Rockfall is a geological disaster frequently occurring in high mountain canyon regions in the world, has the characteristics of rapidness, burst, randomness and the like, is high in destructive power, and seriously harms peripheral infrastructure, personnel and property safety. In recent years, the progress of the infrastructure of China is rapid, and rockfall disasters caused by the influence of the progress frequently occur. The method becomes a major mountain geological disaster following landslide and debris flow disasters, and how to prevent and control rockfall disasters becomes a problem to be solved urgently in China at present.
The movement path of falling rocks is firstly clarified in the prevention and control of the falling rocks disaster, the movement forms of the falling rocks on the slope mainly comprise rolling, sliding, collision rebound and free flying, wherein the collision rebound process is the most complex and the most difficult to study. The state before and after falling rock collision can be classified as: (1) rock fall remains intact after impact (2) fracture occurs after impact. For the former, the research focus of the falling rock collision rebound process has been long, and great progress is made. The latter is of little concern, on the one hand, due to the extremely complex mechanism of fragmentation of the falling rocks, and on the other hand, due to the complexity of the tests; the outdoor test can realize that the falling rocks collide with the slope surface and are broken under high energy, but the interference factors are more, the falling rocks are difficult to peel, the reliability of the obtained conclusion is lower, and the test cost is very high; however, the influence rules and mechanisms of various factors on the falling rock collision and fragmentation characteristics cannot be comprehensively known in the current falling rock fragmentation research, on one hand, the method is based on outdoor experiments, on the other hand, the falling rock speed in the collision test is low, the impact energy is small, and the falling rock collision and fragmentation characteristics are difficult to control accurately, the stone is subjected to high-temperature preheating treatment through individual research, the physical and mechanical properties of the stone are greatly changed, the stone is seriously inconsistent with the actual falling rock collision and fragmentation process, and the influence rules of various factors on the falling rock collision and fragmentation characteristics are difficult to reveal; therefore, in order to realize the test of the influence of multiple factors on falling rock collision fragmentation indoors, the development of the high-speed falling rock collision fragmentation indoor test device based on the actual falling rock event characteristics has great practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-speed rockfall collision fragmentation indoor test device, which can accurately realize high-speed collision of rockfall with different shapes and sizes and provide test support for deep research of rockfall collision fragmentation to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a high-speed rockfall collision fragmentation indoor test device comprises a rockfall accelerated projection system, an automatic control system and a slope angle adjusting system, wherein the automatic control system transmits a turntable start/stop, rotating speed increasing/decreasing signal and a rockfall placement box opening instruction to the rockfall accelerated projection system to realize accurate control of a rockfall release position and rockfall projection speed, and the slope angle adjusting system is used for adjusting the angle of a slope surface so as to realize incidence of the rockfall at different collision angles;
the falling rock accelerated projection system comprises a rotary table, a falling rock placing box, a weight box, a support frame, a rotary shaft, a bearing, an electric brush, a belt and a driving motor, wherein the falling rock placing box and the weight box are symmetrically fixed on the rotary table;
the rock falling release box consists of six plates, a left side plate is respectively connected with an upper side plate and a lower side plate through hinges, the left side plate is provided with an extension end, the tail part of the extension end is connected with the upper side plate through an extension spring exerting pretension force, and one end of the lower side plate, which is close to the center of the turntable, is provided with a jack matched with the movable bolt;
the automatic control system comprises a solenoid valve switching mechanism, an infrared light source emitter, an upright post, a photosensitive sensor, a brake, a P L C control system and an extension spring, wherein the solenoid valve switching mechanism consists of a compression spring, a movable bolt and a solenoid valve, the solenoid valve is fixed on the rotary plate and positioned below a rock fall placement box, a sliding groove is formed in the rotary plate between the solenoid valve and the rock fall placement box, the movable bolt is clamped in the sliding groove, the lower end of the compression spring is fixed on the rotary plate, the upper end of the compression spring is connected with the movable bolt, the upright post is arranged on the left side of the rotary plate, the brake is arranged on a support frame adjacent to the bottom of the rotary plate and is electrically connected with the P L C control system, the infrared light source emitter is arranged at the upper end of the upright post, the light path of the infrared light source emitter is opposite to the outer edge of the rotary plate, the photosensitive sensor is arranged on the edge of the rotary plate and is electrically connected with the solenoid valve and an electric brush respectively, the infrared light source emitter is started when the rotating speed of the rotary plate is regulated by the P L C control;
the slope angle adjusting system is fixedly arranged on the lower left side of the supporting frame and comprises a slope panel and a slope panel arranging frame, the slope panel arranging frame is composed of a base, a supporting plate and a jack, a baffle is vertically fixed to the bottom end of the supporting plate, the jack is fixedly arranged at one end of the base, the other end of the base is connected with the supporting plate through a pin shaft, a limiting groove is formed in the bottom of one end, away from the pin shaft, of the supporting plate, and the top of the jack is clamped in the limiting groove.
Preferably, the rock falling release box is composed of six plates, the left side plate is connected with the upper side plate and the lower side plate through hinges respectively, the left side plate is provided with an extension end, the tail of the extension end is connected with the upper side plate through an extension spring exerting pretension force, and one end, close to the center of the turntable, of the lower side plate is provided with a jack matched with the movable bolt.
Preferably, the turntable is formed by fixing two identical round steel plates in parallel at a certain interval through bolts.
Preferably, the weight box is used for placing a weight block, so that the weight box and the rockfall release box have the same mass, and the stability of the rotary table in the rotating process is ensured.
Preferably, the support frame main body is composed of four section steels and is fixed through angle iron welding.
Preferably, the falling stone placing box and the weight box are made of aluminum alloy.
Preferably, light plastics for fixing the falling rocks and the balancing weight are respectively arranged in the falling rocks placing box and the balancing weight box.
Preferably, the lightweight plastic is a foam.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the adjustable high-speed incident impact fragmentation test device is novel in design and simple in structure, can achieve adjustable high-speed incident impact fragmentation test of falling rocks in a small indoor space range, fully simulates the actual falling rock impact fragmentation process, transmits a command to P L C through a computer after a power supply is switched on, starts a motor to drive a rotary table to rotate, can adjust and control the rotating speed at any time in the computer, is symmetrical to the mounting position of a falling rock release box and a weight box, can ensure that a front projection rotary table rotates stably, achieves full-automatic accurate control of the falling rock release speed, sends out a signal after a photosensitive sensor receives a light source signal and calculates delay time through the computer to control an electromagnetic valve switch mechanism so as to control the opening of a left side plate and a lower side plate of a falling rock placement box, ensures that the falling rocks are vertically released on the left side, ensures the test accuracy, and the falling rock release box can project stones with different shapes and sizes, and the size of.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the turntable
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the rock fall container
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a support frame;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a slope panel bracket
In the figure, an upright post 1, an infrared light source emitter 2, a photosensitive sensor 3, a rock falling placing box 4, a solenoid valve switch mechanism 5, a rotating shaft 6, a belt 7, a weight box 8, a rotary disc 9, a brake 10, a driving motor 11, a P L C control system 12, a support frame 13, a slope angle adjusting system 14, a computer desk 15, a bolt 16, an electric brush 17, a left side plate 18, a pin shaft 19, an extension spring 20, a compression spring 21, a lower side plate 22, a movable bolt 23, a solenoid valve 24, a bearing 25, section steel 26, an angle iron reinforcing rib 27, a support plate 28, a limiting groove 29, a jack 30, a base 31, a baffle 32 and a slope panel 33.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a high-speed rock fall collision fragmentation indoor test device comprises a rock fall accelerated ejection system, an automatic control system and a slope angle adjusting system, wherein the automatic control system transmits a turntable start-stop, rotation speed increase and decrease signal and a rock fall placement box door opening instruction to the rock fall accelerated ejection system, accurate control of a rock fall release position and a rock fall ejection speed is achieved, and the slope angle adjusting system is used for adjusting angles of a slope surface, so that incidence of the rock fall at different collision angles is achieved.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the rockfall accelerated throwing system comprises a rotary table 9, a rockfall placing box 4, a weight box 8, a support frame 13 and a rotating shaft 6, the rock falling placing box 4 and the weight box 8 are symmetrically fixed on the inner side of the rotary table 9 through bolts (not shown), the rotary shaft 6 penetrates through the center of the rotary table 9 and is fixedly connected with the rotary table 9 through a pin key (not shown) and a nut (not shown), the support frame 13 is formed by welding and fixing four section steels 26 through angle iron reinforcing ribs 27, the bearing 25 is fixed at the top end of the support frame 13, the rotary table 9 is in rolling connection with the bearing 25 at the top end of the support frame 13 through the rotary shaft 6, the driving motor 11 is fixed on the ground on the right side of the support frame 13, the brush 17 is sleeved at one end of the rotary shaft 6, and the other end of the rotary shaft 6 is connected with an output shaft of the driving motor 11 through the belt 7; the turntable 9, the rock falling placing box 4 and the weight box 8 are all made of aluminum alloy materials.
As shown in fig. 3, the rock falling release box 4 is composed of six aluminum plates, a left side plate 18 is connected with an upper side plate and a lower side plate 22 through hinges, the left side plate 18 is provided with an extension end, the tail part of the extension end is connected with the upper side plate through an extension spring 20 exerting pretension force, and one end of the lower side plate 22 close to the center of the turntable 9 is provided with a jack matched with a movable bolt 23; the weight box 8 is used for placing a balancing weight, so that the weight box 8 and the rockfall release box 4 have the same quality, and the stability of the rotary table 9 in the rotating process is guaranteed.
The automatic control system comprises a solenoid valve switching mechanism 5, an infrared light source emitter 2, an upright post 1, a photosensitive sensor 3, a brake 10, a P L C control system 12 and an extension spring 20, wherein the solenoid valve switching mechanism 5 consists of a compression spring 21, a movable bolt 23 and a solenoid valve 24, the solenoid valve 24 is fixed on a rotary plate 9 and is positioned below a rock falling placing box 4, a sliding groove is formed in the rotary plate 9 between the solenoid valve 24 and the rock falling box 4, the movable bolt 23 is clamped in the sliding groove, the lower end of the compression spring 21 is fixed on the rotary plate 9, the upper end of the compression spring is connected with the movable bolt 23, the upright post 1 is arranged on the left side of the rotary plate 9, the brake 10 is arranged on a support frame 13 adjacent to the bottom of the rotary plate 9 and is electrically connected with the P L C control system 12, the infrared light source emitter 2 is arranged at the upper end of the upright post 1, the light path of the infrared light source emitter 2 is over against the outer edge of the rotary plate 9, the photosensitive sensor 3 is arranged on the edge of the rotary plate 9 and is electrically connected with the solenoid valves 24 and 17 respectively, the P L C control system 12 adjusts the rotating speed when the rotating speed reaches a preset rotating speed, the infrared light source emitter 2, the infrared light source emitter 3 receives a light source signal, the infrared light source emitter 24 triggers the infrared light source emitter 24, the movable bolt 24, the;
the slope angle adjusting system 14 is fixedly arranged on the left lower side of the support frame 13 and comprises a slope panel 33 and a slope panel placing frame, the slope panel placing frame is composed of a base 31, a support plate 28 and a jack 30, a baffle 32 is vertically fixed at the bottom end of the support plate 28, the jack 30 is fixedly arranged at one end of the base 31, the other end of the base 31 is connected with the support plate 28 through a pin shaft, a limit groove 29 is formed in the bottom of one end, away from the pin shaft, of the support plate 28, and the top of the jack 30 is clamped in the limit groove 29.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
(1) placing the falling rocks: manually rotating the rotary table 9, adjusting the weight box 8 to the top, opening the box door, placing weight blocks, filling foam plastics, and locking the box door; manually rotating the rotary table 9, adjusting the rock falling placing box 4 to the upper right of the rotary table 9, placing the falling rocks into the rock falling placing box 4, filling foamed plastic, pressing the movable bolt 23, closing the lower side plate, loosening the movable bolt 23, enabling the movable bolt 23 to rebound under the action of the compression spring 21 and penetrate into a reserved jack of the lower side plate 22, and limiting the opening of the lower side plate 22;
(2) adjusting the casting speed, namely switching on a power supply, starting a computer, starting a driving motor 11 by a P L C control system 12, transmitting a rotating speed instruction, adjusting the rotating speed of the driving motor 11 and controlling the rotating speed of a turntable 9;
(3) and (3) slope angle adjustment: adjusting the telescopic amount of the jack 30 according to the test requirement to adjust the slope angle, and fixing the jack 30 after the adjustment;
(4) when the rotary table 9 reaches a preset rotating speed, the P L C control system 12 calculates the following two times through programming, wherein the two times comprise the time t0 that the rotary table 9 moves to the leftmost side at the current rotating speed after the photosensitive sensor 3 receives a light source signal, and the time t1 that the left side plate 18 and the lower side plate 22 are completely opened at different rotating speeds pre-stored in the computer are subtracted, so that the countdown time t = t0-t1 of the electromagnetic valve 24 is triggered after the photosensitive sensor 3 receives the light source signal, an experiment button is started, the infrared light source emitter 2 is started, the photosensitive sensor 3 feeds back an instruction to the P L C control system 12 when receiving the light source signal, the P L C control system 12 controls the starting of the electromagnetic valve 24 according to the calculated countdown time for triggering the electromagnetic valve 24, after the electromagnetic valve 24 is started, the left side plate 18 and the lower side plate 22 rapidly rotate around a pin under the combined action of inertia force and a tension spring 20, so as to open the door, and the P L C control system automatically cuts off the power of the driving motor 11 and starts the brake 10 to reduce the rotating speed of the rotary table 9 and the;
(5) and after the test is finished, the power supply of the whole system is turned off.
The high-speed rockfall collision fragmentation indoor test device provided by the invention is described in detail, a specific example is applied in the test device to explain the principle and the implementation mode of the invention, and the description of the example is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A high-speed rockfall collision fragmentation indoor test device comprises a rockfall accelerated projection system, an automatic control system and a slope angle adjusting system, wherein the automatic control system transmits a turntable start/stop, rotating speed increasing/decreasing signal and a rockfall placement box opening instruction to the rockfall accelerated projection system to realize accurate control of a rockfall release position and rockfall projection speed, and the slope angle adjusting system is used for adjusting the angle of a slope surface so as to realize incidence of the rockfall at different collision angles; the method is characterized in that:
the falling rock accelerated projection system comprises a rotary table, a falling rock placing box, a weight box, a support frame, a rotary shaft, a bearing, an electric brush, a belt and a driving motor, wherein the falling rock placing box and the weight box are symmetrically fixed on the rotary table;
the automatic control system comprises a solenoid valve switch mechanism, an infrared light source emitter, an upright post, a photosensitive sensor, a brake, a P L C control system and an extension spring, wherein the solenoid valve switch mechanism consists of a compression spring, a movable bolt and a solenoid valve, the solenoid valve is fixed on the rotary plate and positioned below the rock falling placing box, a sliding groove is formed in the rotary plate between the solenoid valve and the rock falling box, and the movable bolt is clamped in the sliding groove;
the slope angle adjusting system is fixedly arranged on the lower left side of the supporting frame and comprises a slope panel and a slope panel arranging frame, the slope panel arranging frame is composed of a base, a supporting plate and a jack, a baffle is vertically fixed to the bottom end of the supporting plate, the jack is fixedly arranged at one end of the base, the other end of the base is connected with the supporting plate through a pin shaft, a limiting groove is formed in the bottom of one end, away from the pin shaft, of the supporting plate, and the top of the jack is clamped in the limiting groove.
2. The high speed rockfall impact fragmentation cell test rig according to claim 1, in which: the rock falling release box is composed of six plates, the left side plate is respectively connected with the upper side plate and the lower side plate through hinges, the left side plate is provided with an extension end, the tail of the extension end is connected with the upper side plate through an extension spring exerting pretension force, and one end of the lower side plate, close to the center of the rotary table, is provided with a jack matched with a movable bolt.
3. The high speed rockfall impact fragmentation cell test rig according to claim 1, in which: the weight box is used for placing a balancing weight, so that the weight box and the rockfall release box have the same mass, and the stability of the rotary table in the rotating process is guaranteed.
4. The high speed rockfall impact fragmentation cell test rig according to claim 1, in which: the rotary table is formed by fixing two identical round steel plates in parallel at a certain interval through bolts.
5. The high speed rockfall impact fragmentation cell test rig according to claim 1, in which: the support frame main part comprises four shaped steel to pass through angle bar welded fastening.
6. The high speed rockfall impact fragmentation cell test rig according to claim 1, in which: the falling rock placing box and the weight box are made of aluminum alloy.
7. The high speed rockfall impact fragmentation cell test rig according to any one of claims 1 to 6, in which: and light plastics for fixing the falling rocks and the balancing weight are respectively arranged in the falling rocks placing box and the weight box.
8. The high speed rockfall impact fragmentation cell test rig according to claim 7, in which: the light plastic is foam plastic.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010472295.8A CN111458098B (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | High-speed rockfall collision fragmentation indoor test device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010472295.8A CN111458098B (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2020-05-29 | High-speed rockfall collision fragmentation indoor test device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113804386A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-12-17 | 站坐(北京)科技有限公司 | Collision detection method and device |
| CN113834390A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-12-24 | 北京航空航天大学 | Adjustable rotation acceleration release device and method |
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| JP2010091382A (en) * | 2008-10-07 | 2010-04-22 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Collision-testing device |
| CN104183182A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-12-03 | 山东大学 | Testing device and method for motion rule model of rolling stones |
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| CN110254754A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-09-20 | 北京机械设备研究所 | A kind of Space Rotating release device and rotation method for releasing |
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Patent Citations (6)
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| JP2010091382A (en) * | 2008-10-07 | 2010-04-22 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Collision-testing device |
| CN104183182A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-12-03 | 山东大学 | Testing device and method for motion rule model of rolling stones |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113804386A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-12-17 | 站坐(北京)科技有限公司 | Collision detection method and device |
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| CN113834390A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-12-24 | 北京航空航天大学 | Adjustable rotation acceleration release device and method |
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| CN111458098B (en) | 2021-10-15 |
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