CN111457882A - Extremely soft rock tunnel surrounding rock deformation measuring device and method - Google Patents
Extremely soft rock tunnel surrounding rock deformation measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111457882A CN111457882A CN202010319816.6A CN202010319816A CN111457882A CN 111457882 A CN111457882 A CN 111457882A CN 202010319816 A CN202010319816 A CN 202010319816A CN 111457882 A CN111457882 A CN 111457882A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- hole
- protective pipe
- measuring
- pipe
- displacement meter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/0002—Arrangements for supporting, fixing or guiding the measuring instrument or the object to be measured
- G01B5/0004—Supports
Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for measuring the deformation of surrounding rocks of a tunnel in extremely soft rock, wherein the measuring device comprises a protective pipe, a multi-point displacement meter, an inner sealing ring, an outer sealing ring and an auxiliary device outside the hole, the protective pipe is used for supporting the hole wall of a measuring hole in the construction process of the measuring hole, the multi-point displacement meter is installed inside the protective pipe, a sensor base of the multi-point displacement meter is positioned at the interface of the surrounding rocks of the tunnel and the tunnel structure, the inner sealing ring and the outer sealing ring are used for respectively plugging slurry filled in the protective pipe and the measuring hole after slurry is injected in the protective pipe, the protective pipe is detachably connected in series by adopting a plurality of small sections, and the auxiliary device outside the hole is used for taking out the protective pipe while ensuring that the slurry. When the hole measuring method is used for hole measuring construction, the hole wall is supported by the protective pipe to prevent hole collapse, measuring equipment is installed in the protective pipe and grouting is carried out, the hole opening is blocked, the protective pipe is taken out, surrounding rock deformation measurement can be carried out, the phenomenon that a drill rod is clamped due to the fact that the surrounding rock on the hole wall collapses in the drilling process can be avoided, and the measuring result can reflect deformation of the surrounding rocks at different depths of the tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a device and a method for measuring surrounding rock deformation of a tunnel with extremely soft rock.
Background
With the development of water conservancy and hydropower engineering in China, in order to solve the problem of unbalanced water resource distribution, the continuous construction of large-scale cross-basin water diversion engineering such as Hanjiwei engineering, Xinjiang ABH water delivery tunnel engineering and the like, and the repair of water delivery engineering in extremely weak rock masses is also a special problem encountered in recent years. According to national standard ' geological survey specification of water conservancy and hydropower engineering ', rock uniaxial saturated compressive strength of less than 5MPa is extremely soft rock, representative rock bodies are sandstone and mudstone, such as a tunnel introduced into Qin's dribbling ridge, and surrounding rock is sandstone with uniaxial compressive strength of only 0.2-0.8 MPa, which brings great difficulty to engineering design and construction.
The surrounding rock of the tunnel with the extremely soft rock has poor physical and mechanical properties, and underground engineering built in the extremely soft rock stratum is easy to have collapse accidents of different degrees, thus causing personal casualties, equipment loss and the like. The safety monitoring work is a key measure for ensuring the safety construction, and has important significance for the design and construction of the tunnel made of the extremely soft rock. When traditional extremely soft rock tunnel country rock warp and measures, measuring equipment buries underground in tunnel country rock surface or tunnel lining structure, measures the deformation of tunnel surface rock mass to tunnel inner space, and the measuring result can't reflect the deformation of the different degree of depth country rock of tunnel.
Due to the poor surrounding rock properties of the extremely soft rock tunnel, the monitoring equipment has the following two difficulties in installation in the surrounding rock: firstly, during hole measurement construction, the hole wall is easy to collapse and clamp a drill, so that the hole measurement is difficult to construct to the designed depth; and secondly, after hole measurement construction, surrounding rocks of the hole wall rapidly deform and block the hole, so that monitoring equipment cannot be installed and backfilling grouting cannot be performed in the hole.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a device and a method for measuring the deformation of surrounding rocks of a tunnel in extremely soft rock.
The utility model provides a measurement device is warp to extremely soft rock tunnel country rock, includes pillar, multiple spot displacement meter, inner seal circle, external seal circle and the outer auxiliary device in hole, the pillar is used for supporting the pore wall of survey hole in survey hole work progress, the multiple spot displacement meter is installed inside the pillar, the sensor base of multiple spot displacement meter is located the interface department of tunnel country rock and tunnel structure, and inner seal circle and external seal circle are used for the thick liquid that packs in shutoff pillar and the survey hole respectively after the slip casting in the pillar, the pillar adopts a plurality of little segmentations to dismantle and concatenate, the outer auxiliary device in hole is used for taking out the pillar when guaranteeing to pack the thick liquid in the survey hole.
Furthermore, the auxiliary device outside the hole comprises a base, a hydraulic jack, a force transmission base plate and a portal frame, wherein the hydraulic jack and the portal frame are installed and fixed on the base, the force transmission base plate is arranged on the portal frame, the hydraulic jack is located between the force transmission base plate and the base, and the tail end of the protective pipe can sequentially penetrate through the base and the force transmission base plate and is fixed with the force transmission base plate.
Furthermore, a fastening nut is arranged at the upper part of the force transmission backing plate and is used for being connected with the external thread of the protective pipe, so that the protective pipe is fixed with the force transmission backing plate.
Furthermore, the auxiliary device outside the hole further comprises a stop rod, the stop rod comprises a disc on the upper portion and a round rod connected with the disc and located on the lower portion, the disc is in contact with a sensor base of the multipoint displacement meter, and the other end of the round rod can penetrate out of a frame beam on the portal frame and is limited by a stop pin.
Furthermore, the position between round bar lower part and the frame roof beam of portal frame is equipped with the circular port, corresponds in the circular port and is equipped with the stop pin, and the stop pin is used for spacing round bar, prevents that the multiple spot displacement meter from extracting from surveying the hole along with the pillar together.
Furthermore, a slurry inlet pipe and an exhaust pipe are arranged on the multipoint displacement meter, one end of the slurry inlet pipe is positioned outside the hole, the other end of the slurry inlet pipe is positioned in the hole opening of the measuring hole, one end of the exhaust pipe is positioned outside the hole, and the other end of the exhaust pipe is positioned at the bottom of the measuring hole.
Furthermore, the cross section of the force transmission backing plate is designed to be rectangular, the center of the force transmission backing plate is a circular hole and is used as a channel of the protective pipe, and two square holes are arranged on two sides and are used as channels of frame columns on two sides of the portal frame; the frame beam is provided with a circular hole which is used as a channel of the round rod of the stop rod.
A method for measuring the deformation of surrounding rocks of a tunnel in extremely soft rock is carried out by adopting the measuring device, and comprises the following steps:
step one, hole measurement construction and protective pipe installation: using a geological drilling machine or a down-the-hole drilling machine to drill holes, and constructing the holes to be measured to the designed depth by adopting a mode of alternately drilling the holes to be measured and installing the protective pipes;
step two, installing a measuring device in the hole: assembling a multipoint displacement meter on a flat field in a tunnel, then placing the multipoint displacement meter into a protective tube, wherein a sensor base of the multipoint displacement meter is positioned in a hole opening, measuring points are positioned in the protective tube at different depths, one end of a slurry inlet tube of the multipoint displacement meter is positioned outside the hole, the other end of the slurry inlet tube of the multipoint displacement meter is positioned in the hole opening, one end of an exhaust tube is positioned outside the hole, and the other end of the exhaust tube is positioned at the bottom of the hole;
step three, installing an orifice plugging device: the slurry inlet pipe and the exhaust pipe respectively penetrate through two round holes in the inner sealing ring, then the inner sealing ring is plugged into a gap between the protective pipe and the multipoint displacement meter, the outer sealing ring is sleeved from an outer port of the protective pipe and moves to a hole opening of the measuring hole;
step four, mounting an auxiliary device outside the hole;
injecting slurry into the protective pipe: injecting cement slurry from a slurry inlet pipe of the multipoint displacement meter and discharging gas in the hole through an exhaust pipe, and continuously injecting the slurry until the exhaust pipe discharges the cement slurry, wherein the protective pipe is filled with the cement slurry, and the slurry inlet pipe and the exhaust pipe are plugged;
and step six, taking out the protective pipe and sealing the hole.
Further, the step four of mounting the auxiliary device outside the hole specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, assembling the auxiliary device outside the hole, wherein the assembling process is as follows:
four hydraulic jacks are respectively placed in the four circular concave holes of the base, and the hydraulic jacks are fixed by stop bolts;
the end of the round rod of the stop rod with the round hole is inserted into the round hole of the door-type frame until the disc is contacted with the frame beam of the door-type frame;
two square holes of the force transmission base plate penetrate through two frame columns of the portal frame until a fastening screw cap on the force transmission base plate is contacted with a disc of the stop rod;
two frame columns of the portal frame are inserted into two square concave holes of the base, and the portal frame is fixed by adopting stop bolts;
secondly auxiliary device outside the mounting hole: the circular hole in the base is sleeved from the outer port of the protective pipe, and the base is moved until the outer sealing ring fills a gap between the protective pipe and the circular hole of the base.
Further, the sixth step of taking out the protective pipe and sealing the hole comprises the following specific steps:
step 601, connecting the outermost segmented protective pipe:
taking two frame columns of the portal frame as tracks, sliding the force transmission base plate until the outermost protection pipe penetrates through a circular hole of the force transmission base plate, and sleeving a fastening nut on an external thread of the outermost protection pipe;
pushing the round rod of the stop rod until the round plate is contacted with the sensor base of the multipoint displacement meter, and inserting the stop pin into the round hole to fix the stop rod;
step 602, taking out the outermost segmented protective pipe:
the jack is oiled, the force transmission base plate is pushed to move towards the outside of the measuring hole and pull out the protective pipe in the measuring hole, oiling is stopped after the outermost segmented protective pipe moves out of the measuring hole, the stop pin in the circular hole of the stop rod is taken out, the stop rod moves towards the outside of the measuring hole until the disc moves out of the protective pipe, and the fastening nut and the outermost segmented protective pipe are sequentially unscrewed;
603, repeating the 601 and 602 for multiple times until all the protective tubes are taken out, immediately closing the measuring holes, and drawing the monitoring cable to a nearby observation station to realize automatic observation.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) when the measuring hole is constructed in the surrounding rock of the extremely soft rock tunnel, the mode of alternately performing drilling and installing the protective pipe is adopted, the phenomenon that a drill rod is clamped due to collapse of the surrounding rock of the hole wall cannot occur in the drilling process, the surrounding rock of the hole wall can also keep long-time stability after the hole measuring construction is finished, and the multi-point displacement measuring points can be arranged at different depths of the surrounding rock;
(2) the auxiliary device outside the hole adopts the force exerted by a hydraulic jack, takes the frame column of the portal frame as a track, pushes the force transmission base plate to slide outwards, can stably take out the protective pipe in the hole to be measured without impact vibration, can effectively avoid damaging or loosening the plugging device of the hole opening of the hole to be measured, has good hole opening sealing performance and no slurry leakage, and effectively improves the effectiveness and the accuracy of the measuring device;
(3) the auxiliary device outside the hole adopts the sliding stop rod, one end of the stop rod props against the sensor base of the multipoint displacement meter in the protective pipe, and the other end of the stop rod penetrates through the middle part of the frame beam of the portal frame;
(4) the in-hole multipoint displacement meter adopts a high-precision vibrating string type sensor, can automatically observe, has strong continuity of measurement results and high precision, can timely give early warning to large deformation of surrounding rocks of the extremely soft rock tunnel, avoids casualties, equipment loss and the like caused by collapse accidents, and is favorable for saving engineering cost and construction period.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a device for measuring the deformation of surrounding rocks of a very soft rock tunnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the auxiliary device outside the hole of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the base of the extra-orifice accessory of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the force transfer pad of the extra-aperture auxiliary device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a door frame in the extraaperture aid of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a stop rod of the extra-orifice auxiliary device of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a bottom view of the outer sealing ring of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figures are as follows:
the device comprises a protective pipe, a multipoint displacement meter, a slurry inlet pipe, a gas exhaust pipe, a slurry outlet pipe, a slurry inlet pipe, a slurry outlet pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, one embodiment of the extremely soft rock tunnel surrounding rock deformation measuring device of the present invention includes a protection pipe 1, a multipoint displacement meter 2, an inner seal ring 3, an outer seal ring 4, and an outside-hole auxiliary device. The protective pipe 1 is used for supporting the hole wall of the measuring hole in the hole measuring construction process and is used as a container for installing the multipoint displacement meter 2; the inner sealing ring 3 and the outer sealing ring 4 respectively plug slurry filled in the protective pipe 1 and the measuring hole; the out-of-hole auxiliary device is used for taking out the protective pipe 1 while ensuring that the slurry is filled in the measuring hole.
Specifically, during construction, firstly, a mode of alternately carrying out hole measurement drilling and protective pipe 1 installation is adopted, the construction is carried out from a measurement hole to the design depth, secondly, a multipoint displacement meter 2 is installed in the protective pipe 1 and is grouted, then, an inner sealing ring 3 and an outer sealing ring 4 are adopted to respectively plug the protective pipe 1 and slurry filled in the measurement hole, finally, an auxiliary device outside the hole is adopted to take out the protective pipe 1 while the slurry filled in the measurement hole is ensured, the installation is completed, measurement points can be installed at different depths of the surrounding rock, the measurement result can reflect the deformation of the surrounding rock at different depths of the tunnel, and the method has stronger accuracy, effectiveness and reliability.
The protective pipe 1 can adopt the same length of the small section upper and lower threaded connection, every section upper end is the internal thread, the lower end is the external screw thread, the protective pipe 1 adopts alloy steel material to make, supports the hole wall country rock and prevents to sink during survey hole construction, is the container of installation multiple spot displacement meter 2 simultaneously.
The multipoint displacement meter 2 is installed in the protective pipe 1, the sensor base is located at the interface of the tunnel surrounding rock 10 and the tunnel structure 11, the vibrating string type sensor is arranged in the sensor base, and the measuring points are located at different depths in the protective pipe 1. The multipoint displacement meter 2 is provided with a pulp inlet pipe 2a and an exhaust pipe 2 b. One end of the slurry inlet pipe 2a is positioned outside the hole, the other end of the slurry inlet pipe is positioned at the hole opening of the measuring hole, one end of the exhaust pipe 2b is positioned outside the hole, and the other end of the exhaust pipe is positioned at the bottom of the measuring hole.
The inner sealing ring 3 is used for sealing a gap between the protective pipe 1 and the multipoint displacement meter 2 and preventing slurry filled in the protective pipe 1 from leaking. The inner sealing ring 3 is designed to be annular and made of rubber materials, and two round small holes are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side and used as channels for the pulp inlet pipe 2a and the exhaust pipe 2b to enter the protective pipe 1.
As shown in fig. 8, the outer sealing ring 4 is designed to be annular, is made of rubber, and is divided into an upper annular structure and a lower annular structure (i.e., an upper ring 4a and a lower ring 4b), the diameters of inner rings of the upper ring 4a and the lower ring 4b are the same, the diameter of an outer ring of the lower ring 4b is larger, the upper ring 4a is used for sealing a gap between the protection pipe 1 and a tunnel surrounding rock 10, and the lower ring 4b is used for sealing a gap between the protection pipe 1 and a base 5 of the hole outer auxiliary device, so as to prevent slurry filled in the measuring hole from leaking.
Referring also to fig. 2-4, the extrahole auxiliary device includes a base 5, a hydraulic jack 6, a force transmitting pad 7, a portal frame 8, and a stop rod 9. The axial section of the base 5 is designed to be concave, four round concave holes 5a and four stop bolts 5d are arranged at four top corners of the left side wall and the right side wall of the concave structure and used for installing and fixing a hydraulic jack 6, two square concave holes 5b and two stop bolts 5e are arranged in the middle of the left side wall and the right side wall of the concave structure and used for installing and fixing a portal frame 8, a force transmission backing plate 7 is arranged on the fixed portal frame 8, the tail end of the protective pipe 1 penetrates through the force transmission backing plate 7 and is fixed with the force transmission backing plate 7, and the hydraulic jack 6 is positioned between the force transmission backing plate 7 and the base 5; the center of the base 5 is provided with a circular hole 5c as a passage of the protection tube 1.
The hydraulic jack 6 is installed in the circular concave hole 5a of the base 5, after the oil cylinder is oiled, the top bracket of the hydraulic jack 6 pushes the force transmission backing plate 7 to move, and the force transmission backing plate 7 takes the frame columns 8a on two sides of the portal frame 8 as tracks to pull out the protection tube 1 from the measuring hole because the protection tube 1 penetrates through the force transmission backing plate 7 and is fixed with the force transmission backing plate 7.
As shown in fig. 5, the cross section of the force transmission backing plate 7 is designed to be rectangular, the center of the force transmission backing plate 7 is a circular hole 7b which is used as a channel of the protection tube 1, two square holes 7b are arranged on two sides of the force transmission backing plate and used as channels of two side frame columns 8a of the portal frame 8, and a fastening nut 7a is arranged on the upper portion of the force transmission backing plate 7 and connected with an external thread of the protection tube 1.
As shown in fig. 6, the frame columns 8a on both sides of the portal frame 8 are tracks for the vertical movement of the force transmission backing plate 7, and the frame beams are provided with circular holes 8b as passages for the circular rods 9b of the stop rod 9.
As shown in fig. 7, the stop lever 9 includes an upper disc 9a, and a lower circular rod 9b connected to the disc 9a, the circular rod 9b is used for supporting the disc 9a, and the other end of the circular rod 9b penetrates through a circular hole 8b of a frame beam in the door frame 8 (as shown in fig. 6). The position between round bar 9b lower part and door-type frame 8's the frame roof beam is equipped with three circular port 9c, corresponds in the circular port 9c and is equipped with stop pin 9d, and stop pin 9d is used for fixed round bar 9b, prevents that round bar 9b from deviating from in door-type frame 8's the frame roof beam. The stop pin 9d passes through the circular hole 9c of the round bar 9a, and the two ends are close to the frame beam of the portal frame 8. The disc 9a props against the sensor base of the multipoint displacement meter 2 and the inner sealing ring 3, and meanwhile, the round rod 9b is limited by the stop pin 9d, so that the multipoint displacement meter 2 can be prevented from being pulled out of the measuring hole along with the protective tube 1.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for measuring the surrounding rock deformation of the extremely soft rock tunnel, which is carried out by adopting the measuring device, and the method comprises the following steps:
step one, hole measurement construction and protective pipe installation: using a geological drilling machine or a down-the-hole drilling machine to drill holes, and constructing the holes to be measured to the designed depth by adopting a mode of alternately drilling the holes to be measured and installing the protective pipes 1; the method comprises the following specific steps:
when the hole is opened, firstly drilling for 0.5m, then moving out the drill rod and the drill bit, and placing the protective pipe 1 at the uppermost section into the hole to be measured;
the drilling rod and the drill bit are extended into the drilling machine to continue drilling, the drilling is stopped after the drilling depth reaches the length of one subsection protection pipe 1, and the drilling rod and the drill bit are removed;
screwing the internal thread of the upper end head of the next section of segmented protection pipe 1 into the external thread of the uppermost section of protection pipe 1, padding a base plate at the external port of the protection pipe 1, and pressing the protection pipe 1 into a measuring hole by using a drill rod;
the drill rod and the drill bit are extended into the hole to continue drilling, and the drilling and the boring are sequentially reciprocated until the hole is measured to reach the designed depth;
at the moment, the surrounding rock of the inner wall of the measuring hole is supported by the protective pipe 1 and does not collapse, the inner wall of the protective pipe 1 is washed by a high-pressure water pump, and accumulated water in the measuring hole is blown out by a compressed air machine after the inner wall is washed clean.
Step two, installing a measuring device in the hole: the multi-point displacement meter 2 is assembled on a flat field inside the tunnel and then placed into the protective tube 1, the sensor base of the multi-point displacement meter 2 is located in the hole opening, the measuring points are located at different depths in the protective tube 1, one end of the slurry inlet pipe 2a of the multi-point displacement meter 2 is located outside the hole, the other end of the slurry inlet pipe is located in the hole opening, and one end of the exhaust pipe 2b is located outside the hole, and the other end of the exhaust pipe is located at the bottom of the hole.
Step three, installing an orifice plugging device: the slurry inlet pipe 2a and the exhaust pipe 2b respectively penetrate through two round holes in the inner sealing ring 3, then the inner sealing ring 3 is plugged into a gap between the protective pipe 1 and the multipoint displacement meter 2, and the outer sealing ring 4 is sleeved in from the outer port of the protective pipe 1 and moves to a hole opening of a measuring hole.
Step four, mounting an auxiliary device outside the hole:
firstly, assembling the auxiliary device outside the hole, wherein the assembling process is as follows:
four hydraulic jacks 6 are respectively placed in the four circular concave holes 5a of the base 5, and the hydraulic jacks 6 are fixed by stop bolts 5 d;
the end of the round rod 9a of the stop rod 9 with the round hole 9c is inserted into the round hole 8b of the door type frame 8 until the round plate 9a contacts with the frame beam of the door type frame 8;
two square holes 7b of the force transmission backing plate 7 penetrate through two frame columns 8a of the portal frame 8 until a fastening nut 7a on the force transmission backing plate 7 is contacted with a disc 9a of the stop rod 9;
two frame columns 8a of the portal frame 8 are inserted into two square concave holes 5b of the base 5, and the portal frame 8 is fixed by adopting stop bolts 5 e;
secondly auxiliary device outside the mounting hole: a circular hole 5c in the base 5 is sleeved from the outer port of the protective tube 1, and the base 5 is moved until the outer sealing ring 4 fills a gap between the protective tube 1 and the circular hole 5c of the base 5;
injecting slurry into the protective pipe: and injecting cement slurry from the slurry inlet pipe 2a of the multipoint displacement meter 2 and discharging gas in the hole of the exhaust pipe 2b, and continuing grouting until the exhaust pipe 2b discharges the cement slurry, wherein the protective pipe 1 is filled with the cement slurry, and the slurry inlet pipe 2a and the exhaust pipe 2b are plugged.
Step six, taking out the protective pipe and sealing the hole:
step 601, connecting the outermost segmented protective pipe 1:
taking two frame columns 8a of the portal frame 8 as tracks, sliding the force transmission base plate 7 until the outermost protective pipe 1 passes through a circular hole 7b of the force transmission base plate 7, and sleeving a fastening screw cap 7a on the external thread of the outermost protective pipe 1;
pushing the round rod 9b of the stop rod 9 until the disc 9a contacts with the sensor base of the multipoint displacement meter 2, inserting the stop pin 9d into the round hole 9c to fix the stop rod 9;
step 602, taking out the outermost segmented protective pipe 1:
oiling the jack, pushing the force transmission backing plate 7 to move towards the outside of the measuring hole and pulling out the protective pipe 1 in the measuring hole, stopping oiling after the outermost segmented protective pipe 1 moves out of the measuring hole, taking out the stop pin 9d in the circular hole 9c of the stop rod 9, moving the stop rod 9 towards the outside of the measuring hole until the disc 9a moves out of the protective pipe 1, and sequentially screwing off the fastening nut 7a and the outermost segmented protective pipe 1;
603, repeating the 601 and 602 for multiple times until all the protective tubes 1 are taken out, immediately closing the measuring holes, and drawing the monitoring cable to a nearby observation station to realize automatic observation.
After the hole external auxiliary device is assembled, the hole external auxiliary device can be fixed by a steel pipe scaffold and also can be fixed on a drill jumbo so as to have stronger fluidity and operability.
When the measuring hole is constructed in the surrounding rock of the extremely soft rock tunnel, the mode of alternately performing drilling and installing the protective pipe is adopted, the phenomenon that a drill rod is clamped due to collapse of the surrounding rock of the hole wall cannot occur in the drilling process, the surrounding rock of the hole wall can also keep long-time stability after the hole measuring construction is finished, and the multi-point displacement measuring points can be arranged at different depths of the surrounding rock; in addition, the auxiliary device outside the hole adopts the force of a hydraulic jack, the frame column of the portal frame is used as a track, the force transmission base plate is pushed to slide outwards, the protective pipe in the hole to be measured can be stably taken out without impact vibration, the blocking device of the hole opening of the hole to be measured can be effectively prevented from being damaged or loosened, the hole opening has good sealing performance and is not leaked, and the effectiveness and the accuracy of the measuring device are effectively improved.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a very soft rock tunnel country rock deformation measuring device which characterized in that: including pillar (1), multiple spot displacement meter (2), inner seal circle (3), external seal circle (4) and hole external auxiliary device, pillar (1) is used for supporting the pore wall of survey hole in the survey hole work progress, multiple spot displacement meter (2) are installed inside pillar (1), the sensor base of multiple spot displacement meter (2) is located the interface department of tunnel country rock (10) and tunnel structure (11), and inner seal circle (3) and external seal circle (4) are used for plugging respectively pillar (1) and the thick liquid that the survey hole was filled after the grout in pillar (1), pillar (1) adopt a plurality of little segmentations can dismantle and concatenate, hole external auxiliary device is used for taking out pillar (1) when guaranteeing to fill in the survey hole and fill in the thick liquid.
2. The extremely soft rock tunnel surrounding rock deformation measuring device of claim 1, characterized in that: the hole external auxiliary device comprises a base (5), a hydraulic jack (6), a force transmission base plate (7) and a portal frame (8), wherein the hydraulic jack (6) and the portal frame (8) are installed and fixed on the base (5), the force transmission base plate (7) is arranged on the portal frame (8) in a sliding mode, the hydraulic jack (6) is located between the force transmission base plate (7) and the base (5), and the tail end of a protective pipe (1) can penetrate through the base (5) and the force transmission base plate (7) in sequence and is fixed with the force transmission base plate (7).
3. The extremely soft rock tunnel surrounding rock deformation measuring device of claim 2, characterized in that: the upper part of the force transmission backing plate (7) is provided with a fastening nut (7a) which is used for being connected with the external thread of the protective pipe (1), thereby realizing the fixation of the protective pipe (1) and the force transmission backing plate (7).
4. The extremely soft rock tunnel surrounding rock deformation measuring device of claim 2, characterized in that: the auxiliary device outside the hole further comprises a stop rod (9), the stop rod (9) comprises a disc (9a) on the upper portion and a round rod (9b) connected with the disc (9a) and located on the lower portion, the disc (9a) is in contact with a sensor base of the multipoint displacement meter (2), and the other end of the round rod (9b) can penetrate out of a frame beam on the portal frame (8) and is limited by a stop pin (9 d).
5. The extremely soft rock tunnel surrounding rock deformation measuring device of claim 4, characterized in that: round hole (9c) are equipped with in the position between round bar (9b) lower part and the frame roof beam of portal frame (8), correspond in round hole (9c) and be equipped with stop pin (9d), and stop pin (9d) are used for spacing round bar (9b), prevent that multiple spot displacement meter (2) from following protective tube (1) and extracting together from surveying the hole.
6. The extremely soft rock tunnel surrounding rock deformation measuring device of claim 1, characterized in that: the multipoint displacement meter (2) is provided with a slurry inlet pipe (2a) and an exhaust pipe (2b), one end of the slurry inlet pipe (2a) is positioned outside the hole, the other end of the slurry inlet pipe is positioned in the hole opening of the measuring hole, and one end of the exhaust pipe (2b) is positioned outside the hole, and the other end of the exhaust pipe is positioned at the bottom of the measuring hole.
7. The extremely soft rock tunnel surrounding rock deformation measuring device of claim 4, characterized in that: the cross section of the force transmission backing plate (7) is designed to be rectangular, a circular hole (7b) is formed in the center of the force transmission backing plate (7) and serves as a channel of the protective pipe (1), and two square holes (7b) are formed in the two sides and serve as channels of frame columns (8a) on the two sides of the portal frame (8); the frame beam is provided with a circular hole (8b) which is used as a passage of a round rod (9b) of the stop rod (9).
8. A method for measuring the deformation of surrounding rocks of a tunnel made of extremely soft rock, which is characterized by being carried out by adopting the measuring device of any one of claims 1 to 7, and the method comprises the following steps:
step one, hole measurement construction and protective pipe installation: drilling holes by using a geological drilling machine or a down-the-hole, and constructing the holes to be measured to the designed depth by adopting a mode of alternately drilling the holes to be measured and installing the protective pipe (1);
step two, installing a measuring device in the hole: assembling a multipoint displacement meter (2) on a flat field in a tunnel, then placing the multipoint displacement meter into a protective pipe (1), wherein the base of the multipoint displacement meter (2) is positioned at an orifice, measuring points are positioned at different depths in the protective pipe (1), one end of a slurry inlet pipe (2a) of the multipoint displacement meter (2) is positioned outside the orifice, the other end of the slurry inlet pipe is positioned at the orifice, one end of an exhaust pipe (2b) is positioned outside the orifice, and the other end of the exhaust pipe is positioned at the bottom of the orifice;
step three, installing an orifice plugging device: the slurry inlet pipe (2a) and the exhaust pipe (2b) respectively penetrate through two round holes in the inner sealing ring (3), then the inner sealing ring (3) is plugged into a gap between the protective pipe (1) and the multipoint displacement meter (2), and the outer sealing ring (4) is sleeved from the outer port of the protective pipe (1) and moves to the orifice of the measuring hole;
step four, mounting an auxiliary device outside the hole;
injecting slurry into the protective pipe: cement slurry is injected from a slurry inlet pipe (2a) of the multipoint displacement meter (2), gas in the hole is discharged from an exhaust pipe (2b), and the slurry is continuously injected until the exhaust pipe (2b) discharges the cement slurry, at the moment, the protective pipe (1) is filled with the cement slurry, and the slurry inlet pipe (2a) and the exhaust pipe (2b) are plugged;
and step six, taking out the protective pipe and sealing the hole.
9. The extremely soft rock tunnel surrounding rock deformation measuring device of claim 8, characterized in that: step four, the step of installing the auxiliary device outside the hole is as follows:
firstly, assembling the auxiliary device outside the hole, wherein the assembling process is as follows:
four hydraulic jacks (6) are respectively placed in four circular concave holes (5a) of the base (5), and the hydraulic jacks (6) are fixed by stop bolts (5 d);
the end of a round rod (9a) of the stop rod (9) with a round hole (9c) is inserted into a round hole (8b) of the door-type frame (8) until the round rod (9a) is contacted with a frame beam of the door-type frame (8);
two square holes (7b) of the force transmission backing plate (7) penetrate through two frame columns (8a) of the portal frame (8) until a fastening screw cap (7a) on the force transmission backing plate (7) is contacted with a disc (9a) of the stop rod (9);
two frame columns (8a) of the portal frame (8) are inserted into two square concave holes (5b) of the base (5), and the portal frame (8) is fixed by adopting stop bolts (5 e);
secondly auxiliary device outside the mounting hole: the circular hole (5c) in the base (5) is sleeved from the outer port of the protective tube (1), and the base (5) is moved until the outer sealing ring (4) fills the gap between the protective tube (1) and the circular hole (5c) of the base (5).
10. The extremely soft rock tunnel surrounding rock deformation measuring device of claim 9, characterized in that: step six, taking out the protective pipe and sealing holes specifically comprise the following steps:
step 601, connecting the outermost segmented protective pipe (1):
two frame columns (8a) of the portal frame (8) are taken as tracks, the force transmission base plate (7) is slid until the outermost protective pipe (1) passes through a circular hole (7b) of the force transmission base plate (7), and a fastening screw cap (7a) is sleeved on an external thread of the outermost protective pipe (1);
pushing a round rod (9b) of the stop rod (9) until a disc (9a) is contacted with a sensor base of the multipoint displacement meter (2), and inserting a stop pin (9d) into a round hole (9c) to fix the stop rod (9);
step 602, taking out the outermost segmented protective pipe (1):
oiling a jack, pushing a force transmission base plate (7) to move towards the outside of a measuring hole and pulling out a protective pipe (1) in the measuring hole, stopping oiling after the outermost side segmented protective pipe (1) moves out of the measuring hole, taking out a stop pin (9d) in a circular hole (9c) of a stop rod (9), moving the stop rod (9) towards the outside of the measuring hole until a disc (9a) moves out of the protective pipe (1), and sequentially screwing off a fastening nut (7a) and the outermost side segmented protective pipe (1);
603, repeating the 601 and 602 for multiple times until all the protective tubes (1) are taken out, immediately closing the measuring holes, and drawing the monitoring cable to a nearby observation station to realize automatic observation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010319816.6A CN111457882A (en) | 2020-04-22 | 2020-04-22 | Extremely soft rock tunnel surrounding rock deformation measuring device and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010319816.6A CN111457882A (en) | 2020-04-22 | 2020-04-22 | Extremely soft rock tunnel surrounding rock deformation measuring device and method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111457882A true CN111457882A (en) | 2020-07-28 |
Family
ID=71683777
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010319816.6A Pending CN111457882A (en) | 2020-04-22 | 2020-04-22 | Extremely soft rock tunnel surrounding rock deformation measuring device and method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111457882A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114674418A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-06-28 | 深圳大学 | Method and device for monitoring particle vibration in tunnel shaft blasting construction surrounding rock |
-
2020
- 2020-04-22 CN CN202010319816.6A patent/CN111457882A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114674418A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-06-28 | 深圳大学 | Method and device for monitoring particle vibration in tunnel shaft blasting construction surrounding rock |
| CN114674418B (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-11-22 | 深圳大学 | Monitoring method and device for particle vibration inside tunnel shaft blasting construction surrounding rock |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103742129B (en) | The method of weak seam measuring gas pressure of coal bed by drilling hole | |
| CN112576812B (en) | Large-diameter long-distance linear jacking pipe jacking method | |
| CN110107284B (en) | Drilling and testing system and method for detecting height of water flowing fractured zone through water pressure | |
| CN112096382B (en) | Advanced grouting reinforcement method for narrow coal pillars of gob-side roadway | |
| CN111457882A (en) | Extremely soft rock tunnel surrounding rock deformation measuring device and method | |
| CN215169870U (en) | A water installation is prevented gushing in drill way for horizontal directional drilling engineering geological survey | |
| CN104652606A (en) | Underpinning device for ultra-wide wall body and underpinning method thereof | |
| CN211954101U (en) | Extremely soft rock tunnel country rock deformation measuring device | |
| CN110735642B (en) | Shield starting end head combined type reinforcing structure and construction method thereof | |
| WO2023131359A1 (en) | Method utilizing drilling and gel injection to test fracture development characteristics of hanging wall and footwall strata | |
| CN111022082A (en) | Tunnel concrete two-lining void grouting hole sealing device | |
| CN114233374B (en) | Ground grouting construction method for reinforcing cavity collapse area of inclined shaft after mud burst and water burst | |
| CN200988957Y (en) | Water pressure measuring device for underground pressure-bearing water | |
| CN115726792A (en) | Basement rock and boulder pretreatment method for large-section rectangular jacking pipe | |
| CN111502720B (en) | Solid anchor rod capable of grouting | |
| CN113482562B (en) | Covering layer core-taking touch probe test device and using method | |
| CN212716595U (en) | Gas pressure measuring device for cross-layer drilling | |
| CN204531004U (en) | The underpinning device of ultra-wide body of wall | |
| CN102777169A (en) | Gas pressure depression angle measuring method and system | |
| CN111236923A (en) | Loose stratum drilling mud protective wall anti-collapse performance tester and using method thereof | |
| CN112813989A (en) | Anchor cable supporting structure for foundation pit and construction method | |
| CN111778969A (en) | Double-sleeve type full-rotation super-long pile construction tool and construction method | |
| CN211422665U (en) | Tunnel concrete two-lining void grouting hole sealing device | |
| CN114991819B (en) | Three-super control technology for water damage tunnel | |
| CN115012955B (en) | Construction method of multi-arch tunnel entrance big pipe shed |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |