CN111456063B - Buoyancy type open caisson and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Buoyancy type open caisson and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111456063B CN111456063B CN202010148166.3A CN202010148166A CN111456063B CN 111456063 B CN111456063 B CN 111456063B CN 202010148166 A CN202010148166 A CN 202010148166A CN 111456063 B CN111456063 B CN 111456063B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/01—Flat foundations
- E02D27/04—Flat foundations in water or on quicksand
- E02D27/06—Floating caisson foundations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
- E02D23/02—Caissons able to be floated on water and to be lowered into water in situ
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/06—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against corrosion by soil or water
Abstract
The invention discloses a buoyancy type open caisson and a construction method thereof, belonging to the technical field of bridge deepwater open caisson foundation construction and comprising the following steps: the open caisson is internally provided with well hole units which are arranged in a matrix manner, and two adjacent well hole units are separated by the well wall of the open caisson; the first shear tenon and the second shear tenon are positioned at the bottom of the well hole unit, the bottom layer is provided with a bottom-sealing concrete plate, and the bottom layer is positioned at the bottom of the well hole unit and is connected with the first shear tenon; the upper water-stopping composite dry-ramming concrete bottom plate is connected to the top of the bottom-sealing concrete slab in a sealing manner and is connected with the second shear tenon; the open caisson top cover is positioned at the top of the open caisson, and a limber hole communicated with the well hole unit is formed in the open caisson top cover. The open caisson has good water-stopping performance, and when the open caisson is in a water-free state, the open caisson generates buoyancy, so that the purpose of reducing the settlement of the open caisson foundation after construction is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge deepwater open caisson foundation construction, in particular to a buoyancy open caisson and a construction method thereof.
Background
Along with the continuous increase of bridge span, the scale of the open caisson foundation is also increased, the open caisson foundation refers to an empty or multi-chamber well box structure, the dead weight and the soil taking in the well hole, the penetration through the sea (river) water depth and the covering layer are utilized to reach a preset elevation, the foundation is cleaned or the rock surface is processed in the well shaft, and the underwater concrete is poured to seal the bottom, so that the bridge foundation is formed. According to different construction methods, the method can be divided into a plurality of categories such as island construction sinking heavy open caisson, floating transportation sinking self-floating open caisson, floating transportation direct self-floating open caisson and the like. The open caisson foundation has the characteristics of high rigidity, strong horizontal load resistance and high vertical bearing capacity.
The structural weight of the open caisson per se accounts for the weight of the full bridge and the proportion is increased rapidly, so that the bearing capacity of the foundation is insufficient. However, in the conventional open caisson, because the bottom plate does not adopt a water stopping measure, after the construction is finished, the well hole is filled with water, the water weight of the water increases the burden of the foundation, and meanwhile, the post-construction settlement of the bridge foundation is increased, so that the post-construction settlement of the open caisson foundation is larger.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect of large sedimentation after construction of the open caisson foundation in the background technology, and provides a buoyancy open caisson and a construction method thereof.
The present invention provides in a first aspect a buoyancy-type open caisson, comprising:
the open caisson is internally provided with well hole units which are arranged in a matrix manner, and two adjacent well hole units are separated by the well wall of the open caisson;
the first shear tenon and the second shear tenon are positioned at the bottom of the well hole unit, and the second shear tenon is positioned above the first shear tenon;
the bottom layer bottom sealing concrete plate is positioned at the bottom of the well hole unit and is connected with the first shear tenon, and the bottom layer bottom sealing concrete plate is used for plugging the bottom of the well hole unit;
the upper water-stopping composite dry-ramming concrete bottom plate is connected to the top of the bottom-sealing concrete slab in a sealing manner and is connected with the second shear tenon, and the upper water-stopping composite dry-ramming concrete bottom plate is used for sealing the bottom of the well hole unit;
the open caisson top cover is positioned at the top of the open caisson, a limber hole communicated with the well hole unit is formed in the open caisson top cover, and the limber hole is used for injecting water and/or discharging water into the well hole unit.
The preferred scheme is as follows: the first shear tenon and the second shear tenon are located on the periphery of the bottom of the well hole unit, the first shear tenon and the second shear tenon protrude out of the open caisson wall of the well hole unit, and the first shear tenon, the second shear tenon and the open caisson wall are of an integrally formed structure.
The preferred scheme is as follows: the concrete bottom plate is equipped with cement base infiltration crystallization type waterproof coating between the compound dry concrete bottom plate of bottom back cover concrete slab and upper strata stagnant water, cement base infiltration crystallization type waterproof coating is used for preventing bottom back cover concrete slab infiltration.
The preferred scheme is as follows: and a steel edge water stop belt is arranged between the periphery of the upper water-stopping composite dry-beating concrete bottom plate and the open caisson wall of the well hole unit, and is used for closing a water seepage channel along the open caisson wall at the periphery of the upper water-stopping composite dry-beating concrete bottom plate.
The preferred scheme is as follows: the steel edge water stop belt is arranged in an upward inclined mode, a steel belt of the steel edge water stop belt is fixedly connected with the open caisson wall of the well hole unit, the upward inclined angle of the steel edge water stop belt ranges from 30 degrees to 60 degrees, and the steel edge water stop belt is poured into the upper water stop composite dry-ramming concrete bottom plate.
The preferred scheme is as follows: the upper water-stopping composite dry-beating concrete bottom plate is made of micro-expansion concrete or impervious concrete material.
The preferred scheme is as follows: and a pipeline for injecting and/or discharging water into the well hole unit is arranged in the water through hole.
The invention provides a construction method of a buoyancy type open caisson, which comprises the following steps:
taking soil at the bottom of the open caisson, and sinking the open caisson to a set elevation;
underwater pouring a bottom-sealing concrete plate to plug the bottom of the open caisson unit, and pouring the bottom-sealing concrete plate to the first shear tenon;
sequentially and step-wise pumping water of the first ring of open caisson unit, the second ring of open caisson unit and the third ring of open caisson unit from the inner ring to the outer ring, and roughening the floating slurry on the upper surface of the bottom-sealed concrete slab in the first ring of open caisson unit in a waterless environment until fresh aggregate is exposed;
binding reinforcing steel bars of the upper-layer water-stopping composite dry-hitting concrete bottom plate in the first circle of open caisson unit, and pouring micro-expansion concrete or impervious concrete on the upper surface of the bottom-sealing concrete plate to the position of the second shear tenon;
after the upper water-stopping composite dry-hit concrete bottom plate in the first circle of open caisson unit is hardened, the construction of the upper water-stopping composite dry-hit concrete bottom plate in the second circle of open caisson unit and the third circle of open caisson unit is completed in sequence according to the steps from the inner ring to the outer ring;
injecting water into the first ring of open caisson units, the second ring of open caisson units and the third ring of open caisson units for weight increase to accelerate the sedimentation in the open caisson construction period;
constructing a top cover of the open caisson, a tower base and a pier stud at the top of the open caisson, and reserving a water through hole communicated with the open caisson unit on the top cover of the open caisson;
and after the full bridge is folded, a pipeline is inserted into the water through hole, water in all the open caisson units is drained, and water outside the open caisson generates buoyancy on the open caisson.
The preferred scheme is as follows: before the steel bars of the upper water-stopping composite dry-beating concrete bottom plate are bound, the method further comprises the following steps:
and coating a cement-based permeable crystallization type waterproof coating on the roughened upper surface of the bottom-layer bottom-sealing concrete plate.
The preferred scheme is as follows: before pouring micro-expansion concrete or impervious concrete on the upper surface of the bottom-layer bottom-sealed concrete slab, the method also comprises the following steps:
the periphery of the open caisson unit is provided with the steel-edge water stop belts which are arranged in an upward inclined manner, the steel belts of the steel-edge water stop belts are fixedly connected with the open caisson wall of the well hole unit, the upward inclined angle of the steel-edge water stop belts is 30-60 degrees, and the steel-edge water stop belts are used for being poured into the upper water stop composite dry-hit concrete bottom plate.
On the basis of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention relates to a buoyancy-type open caisson and a construction method thereof. The upper water-stopping composite dry-beating concrete bottom plate is used for sealing the bottom of the open caisson unit, realizes water stopping on the bottom of the open caisson unit, and prevents water seepage after foundation construction of the open caisson. This buoyancy formula open caisson's top is equipped with the open caisson top cap, set up the limbers with the well bore unit intercommunication on the open caisson top cap, after the open caisson construction is accomplished, fill up water loading pre-compaction in the well bore unit, the settlement of open caisson foundation construction period with higher speed, treat that the full-bridge construction is accomplished the back, through the limbers that the open caisson top cap was reserved, take out the water in the open caisson unit, open caisson buoyancy produces, offset a part of open caisson dead weight, and then reduce ground stress, the mesh of having reduced open caisson foundation post-construction settlement has been realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a step 1 state of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the state of step 2 of the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the state of step 3 of the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a step 4 state of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a state diagram of step 5 of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a state diagram of step 6 of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a step 7 state of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a step 8 state of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a step 9 state of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a state diagram of step 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-open caisson wall, 2-first shear tenon, 3-second shear tenon, 4-bottom-sealing concrete slab, 5-upper-layer water-stopping composite dry-cast concrete bottom plate, 6-cement-based permeable crystalline waterproof coating, 7-steel-edge water-stopping belt, 8-open caisson top cover, 9-pipeline, 10-pier column, 11-tower seat, 12-first circle of well hole unit, 13-second circle of well hole unit and 14-third circle of well hole unit.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. It is to be noted that all the figures are exemplary representations. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a buoyancy-type open caisson, including:
the open caisson is characterized in that well hole units arranged in a matrix form are arranged in the open caisson, a plurality of circles of well hole units are sequentially arranged in the well hole units arranged in the matrix form from inside to outside according to design requirements, two adjacent well hole units are separated by a well wall 1 of the open caisson, and the well wall 1 of the open caisson is of a longitudinal and transverse wall structure. The cross section of the well hole unit is any one or more of rectangle, regular polygon, circle or ellipse. For convenience of description and distinction, the embodiment is described in detail by taking the open caisson provided with three circles of wellbore units as an example, and the open caisson of the three circles of wellbore units is sequentially provided with a first circle of wellbore units 12, a second circle of wellbore units 13 and a third circle of wellbore units 14 from inside to outside. Where the first ring of wellbore units 12 is two holes, the second ring of wellbore units 13 is ten holes and the third ring of wellbore units 14 is eighteen holes.
A first shear tenon 2 and a second shear tenon 3, the first shear tenon 2 and the second shear tenon 3 being located at the bottom of the wellbore unit, wherein the second shear tenon 3 is located above the first shear tenon 2. The first shear tenon 2 and the second shear tenon 3 are located on the periphery of the bottom of the well hole unit, the first shear tenon 2 and the second shear tenon 3 protrude out of the open caisson wall 1 of the well hole unit, and the first shear tenon 2 and the second shear tenon 3 and the open caisson wall 1 are of an integrally formed concrete or steel structure.
The bottom layer bottom sealing concrete slab 4 is located at the bottom of the well hole unit and connected with the first shear tenon 1, and the bottom layer bottom sealing concrete slab 4 is used for plugging the bottom of the well hole unit and providing a waterless construction environment for pouring the upper water stopping composite dry-beating concrete bottom plate 5. The first shear tenon 1 is used for transmitting the base stress in the construction period to the open caisson wall 1 through the bottom-layer bottom-sealing concrete plate 4, and the structural strength of the connection between the bottom-layer bottom-sealing concrete plate 4 and the open caisson wall 1 is improved.
The compound concrete bottom plate 5 of beating futilely of upper strata stagnant water, the compound concrete bottom plate 5 sealing connection of beating futilely of upper strata stagnant water just is connected with second shear force tenon 3 at the top of bottom back cover concrete slab 4, and the compound concrete bottom plate 5 of beating futilely of upper strata stagnant water is used for the bottom of sealed wellhole unit, realizes carrying out the stagnant water to the bottom of open caisson unit, prevents to ooze water behind the open caisson foundation worker. The second shear tenon 3 is used for transmitting part of the base stress of the operation period to the open caisson wall 1 through the upper water-stopping composite dry-hit concrete bottom plate 5, and the structural strength of the connection between the upper water-stopping composite dry-hit concrete bottom plate 5 and the open caisson wall 1 is improved.
The open caisson top cover 8 is positioned at the top of the open caisson, a limber hole communicated with the well hole unit is formed in the open caisson top cover 8, the limber hole is used for injecting water and discharging water into the well hole unit according to construction requirements, and a pipeline 9 for injecting water and discharging water into the well hole unit is arranged in the limber hole.
Principle of operation
The invention relates to a buoyancy-type open caisson, which is characterized in that a bottom-sealing concrete slab 4 and an upper water-stopping composite dry-beating concrete bottom plate 5 are arranged at the bottom of a well hole unit, wherein the bottom-sealing concrete slab 4 is used for carrying out underwater bottom sealing on the open caisson unit and providing a waterless environment for pouring the upper water-stopping composite dry-beating concrete bottom plate 5. The upper water-stopping composite dry-beating concrete bottom plate 5 is used for sealing the bottom of the open caisson unit, realizing water stopping on the bottom of the open caisson unit and preventing water seepage after foundation construction of the open caisson.
The periphery of the bottom of the well hole unit is provided with a first shear tenon 2 and a second shear tenon 3, and the first shear tenon 2 and the second shear tenon 3 protrude out of the open caisson wall 1 of the well hole unit. The first shear tenon 1 is used for transmitting the base stress in the construction period to the open caisson wall 1 through the bottom-layer bottom-sealing concrete plate 4, and the structural strength of the connection between the bottom-layer bottom-sealing concrete plate 4 and the open caisson wall 1 is improved. The second shear tenon 3 is used for transmitting part of the base stress of the operation period to the open caisson wall 1 through the upper water-stopping composite dry-hit concrete bottom plate 5, and the structural strength of the connection between the upper water-stopping composite dry-hit concrete bottom plate 5 and the open caisson wall 1 is improved.
The top of the buoyancy type open caisson is provided with an open caisson top cover 8, the open caisson top cover 8 is provided with a limber hole communicated with the well hole unit, and after the open caisson construction is completed, the well hole unit is filled with water for loading and prepressing, so that the settlement of the open caisson in the foundation construction period is accelerated. After the full-bridge construction is completed, water in the open caisson unit is drained through the water through holes reserved in the open caisson top cover 8, the dead weight of the open caisson is effectively reduced, meanwhile, the open caisson generates buoyancy opposite to the vertical load of the bridge, and the foundation stress can be greatly reduced and the post-construction settlement of the open caisson is reduced on the basis of the open caisson. The sinking depth of the open caisson into the stratum can be reduced, the construction period is shortened, and the construction difficulty is reduced.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a buoyancy-type open caisson, which is different from embodiment 1 in that: a cement-based permeable crystalline waterproof coating 6 is arranged between the bottom-layer back-cover concrete slab 4 and the upper-layer water-stopping composite dry-hitting concrete bottom plate 5, and the cement-based permeable crystalline waterproof coating 6 is used for preventing the water seepage of the bottom-layer back-cover concrete slab 4. The cement-based permeable crystallization type waterproof coating 6 can prevent micro-cracks in the bottom-sealing concrete from seeping for the first time, and improve the bonding water stop of the bottom-sealing concrete plate 4 and the open caisson wall 1 and the impermeability water stop of the bottom-sealing concrete plate 4.
After the cement-based permeable crystalline waterproof coating 6 meets water, active chemical substances of the coating permeate capillary pores in the concrete under the driving of the water, and the active chemical substances react with free ions, unhydrated cement particles and the like in the concrete to form water-insoluble dendritic crystals, and the cover crystals are combined with the concrete into a whole to plug water or other liquid from all directions. Under the anhydrous condition, the active ingredients of the cement-based permeable crystalline waterproof coating 6 are in a dormant state, and when micro cracks and cracks appear on the surface and inside of the concrete, once water exists, the active chemical substances can be continuously hydrated to generate new hydrated crystals, so that the existing cracks and cracks are automatically repaired, and the concrete is permanently waterproof and protected.
The upper water-stopping composite dry-beating concrete bottom plate 5 is made of micro-expansive concrete or impervious concrete material. The micro-expansion concrete material enables the concrete to expand to a certain extent depending on the action of the expanding agent during hydration, thereby compensating the contraction of the concrete and achieving the purposes of preventing and treating concrete cracks and improving the performance of the concrete. The impervious concrete material improves the pore structure by improving the compactness of concrete, thereby reducing a permeation channel and improving the impermeability. The common method is to mix air-entraining admixture to generate non-communicated bubbles in the concrete, cut off the capillary channel and change the pore structure, thus improving the impermeability of the concrete.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a buoyancy-type open caisson, which is different from embodiment 1 in that: and a steel edge water stop belt 7 is arranged between the periphery of the upper water-stopping composite dry-beating concrete bottom plate 5 and the open caisson wall 1 of the well hole unit, and the steel edge water stop belt 7 is used for closing a water seepage channel along the open caisson wall 1 at the periphery of the upper water-stopping composite dry-beating concrete bottom plate 5. The steel edge water stop belt 7 is obliquely arranged upwards, and a steel belt of the steel edge water stop belt 7 is fixedly connected with the open caisson wall 1 of the well hole unit. The upward inclination angle of the steel-edge water stop belt 7 is 30-60 degrees, and the steel-edge water stop belt 7 is poured in the upper-layer water-stopping composite dry-beating concrete bottom plate 5. The upward inclination angle of the steel edge water stop 7 is 30-60 degrees to facilitate concrete pouring, and the steel strip of the steel edge water stop 7 is firmly connected with the open caisson wall 1 and ensures that water cannot seep.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 1 to 13, another aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a construction method of a buoyancy-type open caisson, including the steps of:
And 9, referring to fig. 12, filling water into the first circle of well hole units 12, the second circle of well hole units 13 and the third circle of well hole units 14, constructing a well sinking top cover 8, a tower base 11 and a pier stud 10 on the top of the well sinking, and reserving water through holes communicated with the first circle of well hole units 12, the second circle of well hole units 13 and the third circle of well hole units 14 on the well sinking top cover 8, wherein the water through holes are used for filling water into the first circle of well hole units 12, the second circle of well hole units 13 and the third circle of well hole units 14 and discharging water according to construction requirements.
Step 10, referring to fig. 13, inserting a pipeline 9 into the water through hole after the full bridge is closed, draining water in all the first circle of well hole units 12, the second circle of well hole units 13 and the third circle of well hole units 14, and generating buoyancy on the open caisson by water outside the open caisson; after the water is pumped out from the first circle of well hole units 12, the second circle of well hole units 13 and the third circle of well hole units 14, the dead weight of the open caisson is effectively reduced, meanwhile, buoyancy opposite to the vertical load of the bridge is generated, the foundation stress can be greatly reduced on the basis of the open caisson, the settlement of the open caisson after construction is reduced, the depth of the open caisson sinking into the stratum can be reduced, the construction period is shortened, and the construction difficulty is reduced.
Example 5
Referring to fig. 7 to 11, a construction method of a buoyancy-type open caisson according to an embodiment of the present invention is different from that of embodiment 1 in that: in step 4, step 6 and step 8, before the steel bars of the upper water-stopping composite dry-beating concrete bottom plate 5 are bound, the method further comprises the following steps: coating a cement-based permeable crystalline waterproof coating 6 on the roughened upper surface of the bottom-layer bottom-sealed concrete plate 4; before pouring the micro-expansive concrete or the impervious concrete on the upper surface of the bottom-sealing concrete slab 4, the method further comprises the following steps: the steel-edge water stop belts 7 are installed on the peripheries of the first circle of well hole units 12, the second circle of well hole units 13 and the third circle of well hole units 14, the steel-edge water stop belts 7 are arranged in an upward inclined mode, steel belts of the steel-edge water stop belts 7 are fixedly connected with the open caisson wall 1, the upward inclined angle of the steel-edge water stop belts 7 ranges from 30 degrees to 60 degrees, and the steel-edge water stop belts 7 are used for being poured into the upper-layer water-stopping composite dry-hit concrete bottom plate 5. The cement-based permeable crystalline waterproof coating 6 and the steel-edged water stop 7 can further improve the anti-permeability performance of the bottom of the open caisson.
Various modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art, and they are also within the scope of the present invention, provided they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents.
What is not described in detail in the specification is prior art that is well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. A buoyancy-type open caisson, comprising:
the open caisson is internally provided with well hole units which are arranged in a matrix manner, and two adjacent well hole units are separated by a well wall (1) of the open caisson;
a first shear tenon (2) and a second shear tenon (3), wherein the first shear tenon (2) and the second shear tenon (3) are positioned at the bottom of the well hole unit, and the second shear tenon (3) is positioned above the first shear tenon (2);
a bottom layer bottom-sealing concrete plate (4), wherein the bottom layer bottom-sealing concrete plate (4) is positioned at the bottom of the well hole unit and is connected with the first shear tenon (2), and the bottom layer bottom-sealing concrete plate (4) is used for plugging the bottom of the well hole unit;
the upper water-stopping composite dry-beating concrete bottom plate (5) is connected to the top of the bottom-sealing concrete slab (4) in a sealing mode and is connected with the second shear tenon (3), the upper water-stopping composite dry-beating concrete bottom plate (5) is used for sealing the bottom of the well hole unit, and the upper water-stopping composite dry-beating concrete bottom plate (5) is made of micro-expansion concrete or impervious concrete materials;
the open caisson top cover (8) is located at the top of the open caisson, a water through hole communicated with the well hole unit is formed in the open caisson top cover (8), and the water through hole is used for injecting water and/or discharging water into the well hole unit.
2. The buoyancy type open caisson according to claim 1, wherein:
the first shear tenon (2) and the second shear tenon (3) are located on the periphery of the bottom of the well hole unit, the first shear tenon (2) and the second shear tenon (3) protrude out of the open caisson wall (1) of the well hole unit, and the first shear tenon (2) and the second shear tenon (3) and the open caisson wall (1) are of an integrally formed structure.
3. The buoyancy type open caisson according to claim 1, wherein:
bottom back cover concrete slab (4) and upper strata stagnant water are compound do to beat and are equipped with cement base infiltration crystallization type waterproof coating (6) between concrete bottom plate (5), cement base infiltration crystallization type waterproof coating (6) are used for preventing bottom back cover concrete slab (4) infiltration.
4. The buoyancy type open caisson according to claim 1, wherein:
and a steel edge water stop belt (7) is arranged between the periphery of the upper water-stopping composite dry-beating concrete bottom plate (5) and the open caisson wall (1) of the well hole unit, and the steel edge water stop belt (7) is used for closing a water seepage channel along the open caisson wall (1) on the periphery of the upper water-stopping composite dry-beating concrete bottom plate (5).
5. The buoyancy type open caisson according to claim 4, wherein:
the steel edge water stop belt (7) is arranged in an upward inclined mode, a steel belt of the steel edge water stop belt (7) is fixedly connected with the open caisson wall (1) of the well hole unit, the upward inclined angle of the steel edge water stop belt (7) ranges from 30 degrees to 60 degrees, and the steel edge water stop belt (7) is poured into the upper water stop composite dry-hit concrete bottom plate (5).
6. The buoyancy type open caisson according to claim 1, wherein:
and a pipeline (9) for injecting water and/or discharging water into the well hole unit is arranged in the water through hole.
7. The construction method of a buoyancy type open caisson according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
taking soil at the bottom of the open caisson, and sinking the open caisson to a set elevation;
the bottom of the open caisson unit is plugged by underwater pouring a bottom-layer bottom-sealing concrete plate (4), and the bottom-layer bottom-sealing concrete plate (4) is poured to the first shear tenon (2);
sequentially and step-wise pumping water of the first ring of open caisson unit (12), the second ring of open caisson unit (13) and the third ring of open caisson unit (14) from the inner ring to the outer ring, and roughening the laitance on the upper surface of the bottom-sealed concrete slab (4) in the first ring of open caisson unit (12) in a waterless environment until fresh aggregate is exposed;
binding reinforcing steel bars of the upper water-stopping composite dry-hitting concrete bottom plate (5) in the first ring of open caisson unit (12), and pouring micro-expansion concrete or impervious concrete on the upper surface of the bottom-sealing concrete slab (4) to the position of the second shear tenon (3);
after the upper water-stopping composite dry-hit concrete bottom plate (5) in the first ring of open caisson unit (12) is hardened, the construction of the upper water-stopping composite dry-hit concrete bottom plate (5) in the second ring of open caisson unit (13) and the third ring of open caisson unit (14) is completed in sequence according to the steps from the inner ring to the outer ring;
injecting water into the first ring of open caisson units (12), the second ring of open caisson units (13) and the third ring of open caisson units (14) for weight increment to accelerate the sedimentation in the open caisson construction period;
constructing a top cover (8) of the open caisson, a tower base (11) and pier studs (10) at the top of the open caisson, and reserving a water through hole communicated with the open caisson unit on the top cover (8) of the open caisson;
and after the full bridge is folded, a pipeline (9) is inserted into the water through hole, water in all the open caisson units is drained, and water outside the open caisson generates buoyancy on the open caisson.
8. The construction method of a buoyancy type open caisson according to claim 7, wherein:
before the steel bars of the upper water-stopping composite dry-beating concrete bottom plate (5) are bound, the method also comprises the following steps:
and a cement-based permeable crystallization type waterproof coating (6) is coated on the roughened upper surface of the bottom-layer bottom-sealing concrete plate (4).
9. The construction method of a buoyancy type open caisson according to claim 7, wherein:
before the micro-expansion concrete or the impervious concrete is poured on the upper surface of the bottom-layer bottom-sealed concrete slab (4), the method further comprises the following steps:
the periphery of the open caisson unit is provided with the steel edge water stop belts (7), the steel edge water stop belts (7) are arranged in an upward inclined mode, steel belts of the steel edge water stop belts (7) are fixedly connected with the open caisson wall (1) of the well hole unit, the upward inclined angle of the steel edge water stop belts (7) ranges from 30 degrees to 60 degrees, and the steel edge water stop belts (7) are used for being poured into the upper water stop composite dry-hit concrete bottom plate (5).
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| CN115387366B (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2023-06-02 | 中铁十五局集团有限公司 | Bottom sealing construction method for open caisson or cofferdam |
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