CN111455411A - Process for treating high platinum-containing palladium anode plate by silver electrolytic refining method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The patent relates to a process for treating a palladium anode plate with high platinum content by a silver electrolytic refining method. According to the silver anode plate produced by the process through a pressure leaching-alloy converting method, Au + Ag is more than or equal to 97%, Pt is less than or equal to 2500g/t, Pd is less than or equal to 3500g/t, and the balance is impurity elements, the silver anode plate produced through complex and difficult-to-process precious metal secondary resources has the advantages that Au + Ag is more than or equal to 95%, Pd is more than or equal to 5000-8500 g/t, Pt is more than or equal to 7000-9500 g/t, and the balance is impurity elements, in the electrolytic process, Ag and elements with a potential ratio being negative than Ag react at the anode to enter silver electrolyte, and as the potential ratio of Pd (+0.83V) is close to Ag (+0.79V), electrolysis is carried out under low current intensity and low current density, a large amount of Pd does not enter electrolytic silver powder to influence the quality, so that a No. 1 silver ingot meeting the national.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metallurgical processes, in particular to a process for treating a palladium anode plate with high platinum content by a silver electrolytic refining method.
Background
Rhodium-iridium slag produced by a platinum group metal production line of a precious metal smelting plant, and outsourced materials containing platinum group metals such as automobile exhaust, petroleum catalysts and the like have the characteristics of complex components, low precious metal content, high treatment difficulty and the like, and belong to complex and difficult-to-treat precious metal secondary resources. In order to efficiently recover the precious metals in the part of the materials.
At present, most of enterprises in China adopt a pressure leaching-alloy blowing method to produce silver anodes, most of silver anode plates take Ag, Au and a small amount of Pt and Pd as main carriers, the silver anode plates are treated by an electrolytic method to obtain qualified electrolytic silver powder, and then silver ingots meeting the national standard are produced through washing, drying and casting. In the silver anode plate produced by the pressure leaching-alloy converting method, Au + Ag is more than or equal to 97%, Pt is less than or equal to 2500g/t, Pd is less than or equal to 3500g/t, and the balance is impurity elements, while in the silver anode plate produced by complex and difficult-to-process precious metal secondary resources, Au + Ag is more than or equal to 95%, Pd is more than or equal to 5000-8500 g/t, Pt is more than or equal to 7000-9500 g/t, and the balance is impurity elements, during the electrolysis process, Ag and elements with a negative potential ratio to Ag react at the anode to enter silver electrolyte, and because the potential ratio of Pd (+0.83V) is close to Ag (+0.79V), a large amount of Pd enters the electrolytic silver powder to influence the quality of the silver powder, so that a No. 1 silver ingot meeting the national standard cannot be cast.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a process for treating a high platinum-containing palladium anode plate by a silver electrolytic refining method, which can reduce the precipitation amount of Pd on the cathode plate, reduce the Pd content in electrolytic silver powder and improve the qualification rate of the electrolytic silver powder.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a process for treating a palladium anode plate with high platinum content by a silver electrolytic refining method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the mass ratio of (1-2): (1-2): (0.5-1) preparing an electrolyte from silver powder, nitric acid and water, wherein Ag is contained in the electrolyte+The concentration of (A) is 80 g/L-120 g/L, H+The concentration of (A) is 0.1 g/L-0.16 g/L;
(2) placing the electrolyte prepared in the step (1) into an electrolytic bath, and electrolyzing a silver anode plate in the electrolyte to obtain silver powder; the current intensity is 200A-300A and the current density is 150A/m2～250A/m2The cell voltage of the electrolytic cell is 1.0V-3.0V, and the inter-polar distance is 110 mm-160 mm; when Ag is in the electrolyte in one electrolysis period+Is rich inWhen the degree is 60 g/L-80 g/L, extracting Ag+The electrolyte with the concentration of 60 g/L-80 g/L is added into the electrolyte prepared in the step (1);
(3) and (3) washing, drying and casting the silver powder obtained in the step (2) to obtain silver ingots with the concentration of IC-Ag99.99%, and washing the silver anode mud for further extracting the noble metals.
The process for treating the palladium anode plate with high platinum content according to the silver electrolytic refining method is characterized in that Ag is extracted in the step (2)+The volume of the electrolyte solution having a concentration of 60 g/L-80 g/L is the same as the volume of the electrolyte solution to be supplied.
The process for treating the palladium anode plate with high platinum content according to the silver electrolytic refining method is characterized in that the silver anode plate in the step (2) is produced by performing pressure leaching and alloy converting on a complex precious metal secondary resource which is difficult to treat; the silver anode plate comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2.29 to 2.87 percent of Au, 0.68 to 0.83 percent of Pd, 0.74 to 0.94 percent of Pt0, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of Cu0.015 to 0.03 percent of Te and Bi, and the balance of Ag.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: the method collects the noble metal by the pressurized slag pyrogenic process to obtain the silver anode plate with high platinum group metal platinum palladium, and can be used for various anode plate materials with high platinum group metal platinum palladium. The invention selects complex and difficult-to-treat noble metal secondary resources as raw materials, obtains a silver anode plate by pressurizing and leaching the complex and difficult-to-treat noble metal secondary resource materials, smelting in a Kaldo furnace and casting in an intermediate frequency furnace, reduces the enrichment degree of Pd in a cathode plate and electrolyte by controlling current intensity and current density, reduces the precipitation amount of Pd in the cathode plate, reduces the enrichment of Pd in a silver product, improves the content ratio of Ag and Pd in the electrolyte by continuously supplementing a small amount of new electrolytic solution, reduces the content of Pd in electrolytic silver powder, improves the qualification rate of the electrolytic silver powder, achieves the aim of improving the qualification rate of silver ingot products, and also increases the diversity and complexity of the treated materials by an electrolytic method. The method of the invention produces the silver anode plate by a pressure leaching-alloy converting method: more than or equal to 97 percent of Au + Ag, less than or equal to 2500g/t of Pt, less than or equal to 3500g/t of Pd, and the balance of impurity elements; and the silver anode plate produced by complex and difficult-to-process precious metal secondary resources: more than or equal to 95 percent of Au and Ag, more than or equal to 5000g/t to 8500g/t of Pd, more than or equal to 7000g/t to 9500g/t of Pt, and the balance of impurity elements; in the electrolytic process, Ag and elements with the potential negative to Ag react at the anode to enter the silver electrolyte, and because the potential ratio of Pd (+0.83V) is close to Ag (+0.79V), the silver powder is electrolyzed under low current intensity and low current density, and a large amount of Pd does not enter the electrolytic silver powder to influence the quality of the silver powder, so the method can improve the grade rate of the 1# silver product, and stabilize the grade rate of the 1# silver to be more than or equal to 95%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the process for processing the palladium anode plate with high platinum content by the silver electrolytic refining method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a silver electrolytic solution: the mass ratio of (1-2): (1-2): (0.5-1) preparing an electrolyte from silver powder, nitric acid and water, wherein Ag is contained in the electrolyte+The concentration of (A) is 80 g/L-120 g/L, H+The concentration of the silver anode plate is 0.1 g/L-0.16 g/L, (2) the electrolysis of the silver anode plate and the replacement and repair of the electrolyte are carried out, namely the electrolyte prepared in the step (1) is placed in an electrolytic tank, the silver anode plate is electrolyzed in the electrolyte to obtain silver powder, the silver anode plate is a complex and difficult-to-treat noble metal secondary resource and is produced by pressure leaching and alloy blowing, referring to the table 1, the components and the mass percentage content of the silver anode plate are 2.29-2.87 percent of Au, 0.68-0.83 percent of Pd, 0.74-0.94 percent of Pt, 0.5-1.5 percent of Cu, 0.015-0.03 percent of Te and the balance of Ag., the current intensity is 200A-300A and the current density is 150A/m when the electrolysis is carried out2～250A/m2The cell voltage of the electrolytic cell is 1.0V-3.0V, and the inter-polar distance is 110 mm-160 mm; when Ag is in the electrolyte in one electrolysis period+When the concentration of (B) is 60 g/L-80 g/L, extracting Ag+The electrolyte with the concentration of 60 g/L-80 g/L is added into the electrolyte prepared in the step (1), and Ag is extracted+The volume of the electrolyte with the concentration of 60 g/L-80 g/L and the volume of the supplemented electrolyte are kept in pumping and supplementing balance, (3) after the electrolytic silver powder obtained in the step (2) is washed, dried and cast, an IC-Ag99.99% silver ingot can be produced, and the silver anode mud is used for further extracting precious metals after being washedAnd meets the standard of national standard 1# silver ingot.
TABLE 1 pressure Leaching-silver anode plate from alloy converting (wt%)
In specific implementation, the volume of the electrolyte configured in the step (1) is increased or decreased according to actual production, when the volume of the electrolyte configured in the step (1) is 100L-200L, in the step (2), when the concentration of Ag + in the electrolyte is 60 g/L0-80 g/L1 in one electrolysis cycle, old electrolyte 30L-50L with the concentration of Ag + of 60 g/L-80 g/L is extracted, new electrolyte 30L-50L configured in the step (1) is supplemented, and new electrolyte 100L-200L is supplemented in the whole electrolysis cycle.
Example 1
The method comprises the steps of putting 48 high platinum-containing palladium anode plates into an electrolytic cell according to each group, preparing 100L electrolyte from silver powder, nitric acid and water according to the mass ratio of 1:1:0.5, controlling the current intensity to be 200A, powering on, carrying out replacement and replenishment on the electrolyte in the early stage of electrolysis, extracting 30L old electrolyte and replenishing 30L new electrolyte, carrying out replacement and replenishment on the electrolyte in the middle stage of electrolysis, extracting 40L old electrolyte and replenishing 40L new electrolyte, carrying out replacement and replenishment on the electrolyte in the later stage of electrolysis, extracting 30L new electrolyte and replenishing 30L new electrolyte, and finally producing silver ingots with the concentration of IC-Ag99.99% at the end of an electrolysis cycle, wherein the impurity components and the mass percentage content of the silver ingots are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 IC-Ag99.99% silver ingot impurity composition and its mass percentage
Example 2
48 anode plates with high platinum content are placed into an electrolytic cell according to each group, 150L electrolyte is prepared according to silver powder, nitric acid and water with the mass ratio of 2:2:1, the current intensity is controlled to be 250A, the electrolytic cell is powered on to start, the electrolyte is extracted and replenished in the early stage of electrolysis, 35L old electrolyte is extracted and 35L new electrolyte is replenished, the electrolyte is extracted and replenished in the middle stage of electrolysis, 40L old electrolyte is extracted and 40L new electrolyte is replenished, the electrolyte is extracted and replenished in the later stage of electrolysis, 35L new electrolyte is extracted and 35L new electrolyte is replenished, and when the electrolysis cycle is finished, power is cut off, liquid is discharged, washing and drying are carried out, and finally silver ingots with IC-Ag99.99% are produced, and the impurity components and mass percentage content of the silver ingots are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 IC-Ag99.99% silver ingot impurity composition and mass percentage thereof
Example 3
The method comprises the steps of putting 48 high platinum-containing palladium anode plates into an electrolytic cell according to each group, preparing 200L electrolyte from silver powder, nitric acid and water according to the mass ratio of 1.2:1.2:0.6, controlling the current intensity to be 300A, powering on, carrying out old and new drawing-out on the electrolyte in the early stage of electrolysis, drawing out 40L old electrolyte, and adding 40L new electrolyte, carrying out old and new drawing-out on the electrolyte in the middle stage of electrolysis, drawing out 50L old electrolyte, adding 50L new electrolyte, carrying out old and new drawing-out on the electrolyte in the later stage of electrolysis, drawing out 40L new electrolyte, adding 40L new electrolyte, and carrying out power failure, liquid discharge, washing and drying when the electrolysis cycle is finished, finally producing silver ingots with the content of IC-Ag99.99%, wherein the impurity components and the mass percentage content of the silver ingots are shown in a table 4.
TABLE 4 IC-Ag99.99% silver ingot impurity composition and mass percentage thereof
Claims (3)
1. A process for treating a palladium anode plate with high platinum content by a silver electrolytic refining method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the mass ratio of (1-2): (1-2): (0.5-1) preparing an electrolyte from silver powder, nitric acid and water, wherein Ag is contained in the electrolyte+The concentration of (A) is 80 g/L-120 g/L, H+The concentration of (A) is 0.1 g/L-0.16 g/L;
(2) placing the electrolyte prepared in the step (1) into an electrolytic bath, and electrolyzing a silver anode plate in the electrolyte to obtain silver powder; the current intensity is 200A-300A and the current density is 150A/m2～250A/m2The cell voltage of the electrolytic cell is 1.0V-3.0V, and the inter-polar distance is 110 mm-160 mm; when Ag is in the electrolyte in one electrolysis period+When the concentration of (B) is 60 g/L-80 g/L, extracting Ag+The electrolyte with the concentration of 60 g/L-80 g/L is added into the electrolyte prepared in the step (1);
(3) and (3) washing, drying and casting the silver powder obtained in the step (2) to obtain silver ingots with the concentration of IC-Ag99.99%, and washing the silver anode mud for further extracting the noble metals.
2. The process for treating the high platinum-containing palladium anode plate by the silver electrolytic refining method according to claim 1, wherein the extraction of Ag in the step (2)+The volume of the electrolyte solution having a concentration of 60 g/L-80 g/L is the same as the volume of the electrolyte solution to be supplied.
3. The process for treating the high platinum-containing palladium anode plate by the silver electrolytic refining method according to claim 1, wherein the silver anode plate in the step (2) is produced by performing pressure leaching and alloy converting on a complex refractory precious metal secondary resource; the silver anode plate comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2.29 to 2.87 percent of Au, 0.68 to 0.83 percent of Pd0.74 to 0.94 percent of Pt, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of Cu, 0.015 to 0.03 percent of Te and Bi, and the balance of Ag.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104846401A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-08-19 | 永兴贵研资源有限公司 | Method for recovering gold, silver and palladium from silver alloy |
| CN106222426A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-14 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | A kind of separation of Silver, selenium and method of tellurium from alloy converter flue dust |
| CN110684902A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-14 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Process for extracting noble metal by silver capture of high-alumina oil catalyst |
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- 2020-04-07 CN CN202010263353.6A patent/CN111455411A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104846401A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-08-19 | 永兴贵研资源有限公司 | Method for recovering gold, silver and palladium from silver alloy |
| CN106222426A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-14 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | A kind of separation of Silver, selenium and method of tellurium from alloy converter flue dust |
| CN110684902A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-01-14 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Process for extracting noble metal by silver capture of high-alumina oil catalyst |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 曲胜利等: "《黄金冶金新技术》", 31 July 2018, 北京冶金工业出版社 * |
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