CN111455252A - Non-uniform hard alloy prepared by adopting close-packed batching mode and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Non-uniform hard alloy prepared by adopting close-packed batching mode and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111455252A CN111455252A CN202010397548.XA CN202010397548A CN111455252A CN 111455252 A CN111455252 A CN 111455252A CN 202010397548 A CN202010397548 A CN 202010397548A CN 111455252 A CN111455252 A CN 111455252A
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- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
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- C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
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- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/067—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
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Abstract
The invention discloses a non-uniform hard alloy prepared by adopting a close-packed batching mode, relating to the technical field of hard alloys, and the preparation raw materials of the hard alloy comprise: coarse tungsten carbide, medium tungsten carbide, and nano-particle tungsten carbide powders. The invention also provides a preparation technical method of the hard alloy, and the hard alloy has the beneficial effects that the average grain size of the prepared hard alloy is 5-10 mu m, the coarse grain size reaches 10-20 mu m, the Vickers hardness is above 1050, the bending strength TRS is above 2200MPa, the metallographic structure of alloy grains is thick, the thermal conductivity is extremely high, the thermal fatigue and thermal shock resistance is good, and the hard alloy can be used for continuous exploitation of soft rock under the extreme working condition and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hard alloy, in particular to non-uniform hard alloy prepared in a close-packed batching manner and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The hard alloy is a multiphase solid material prepared by taking WC and other refractory transition metal carbides as a base, Co and other iron group metal elements as a binder and adopting a powder metallurgy method. The hard alloy has excellent performances such as high hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high elastic modulus, low thermal expansion coefficient and the like, so the hard alloy is known as 'industrial teeth' and is widely applied to the fields of cutting tools, geological and mining tools, wear-resistant parts and the like. Cemented carbide, which is a brittle material, has an inherent contradiction between strength and hardness, and generally has a higher hardness and a lower strength, while a higher strength and a lower hardness. In the tungsten-cobalt hard alloy with the same components, the thinner the WC crystal grain is, the higher the hardness of the hard alloy is, and the better the wear resistance is; the coarser the WC grains, the higher the flexural strength, the better the impact toughness, while the hardness and wear resistance decrease. The method solves the contradiction between the strength and the hardness of the hard alloy, and the organic combination of the hard alloy is always important research content in the field of refractory metals and hard materials.
In the fields of mining, urban subway construction, highway construction, stamping dies, rollers and the like, the hard alloy tools are very impacted greatly and have certain requirements on hardness and wear resistance, so that the tungsten-cobalt hard alloy with coarse particles is generally used. The extra coarse grain hard alloy has extremely high heat conductivity and better thermal fatigue resistance and thermal shock resistance, so the extra coarse grain hard alloy can be used for continuous mining of soft rock (such as coal mining and subway construction) under extreme working conditions and continuous operation of modern highways and bridges (such as road excavation and paving), punching dies, cold heading dies, rollers and the like. The market demand of the alloy accounts for more than 10 percent of the total market demand of the hard alloy, and the alloy has very wide market prospect. Therefore, how to prepare an extra coarse grain cemented carbide with excellent hardness, wear resistance and other properties is a problem to be solved urgently.
Chinese patent CN110343889A discloses an extra-coarse hard alloy and a preparation method thereof, the raw materials of the patent comprise nano tungsten carbide powder with Fisher granularity of 0.1-0.2 mu m, a binder phase containing cobalt powder with the Fisher granularity of 1.0 mu m, an additive and coarse tungsten carbide powder with the Fisher granularity of 25-35 mu m, and the grain size of the extra-coarse hard alloy prepared by the patent is more than 10.5 mu m. Chinese patent CN102808096A discloses a preparation method of an ultra-coarse grain WC-Co hard alloy, which comprises the steps of adding a proper amount of fine tungsten carbide powder into raw materials, carrying out ball milling to obtain a mixed material, wherein the average grain diameter of the ultra-coarse tungsten carbide powder is 5.0-10.0 mu m, the average grain diameter of the fine tungsten carbide powder is 0.1-1.0 mu m, and carrying out pressing and sintering to obtain the ultra-coarse grain hard alloy with the grain size of 6.0-14.0 mu m. Chinese patent CN102634684A discloses a method for preparing ultra-coarse grain hard alloy by using a flexible ball milling technology, wherein ultra-coarse tungsten carbide powder and cobalt are premixed in a double-cone or Y-shaped mixer, and then the mixture is subjected to mild ball milling to prepare the ultra-coarse hard alloy with the grain size of 6-10 mu m, the hardness HV30 is 740-1240, and the porosity is less than A04B 00. Chinese patent CN103643100A discloses a nanocrystalline hard alloy and a preparation method thereof, the preparation raw materials comprise coarse tungsten carbide particles with the particle size of 6-20 mu m, nano tungsten carbide particles with the particle size of 0.5-0.8 mu m and cobalt powder with the particle size of 1-1.5 mu m, the average particle size of the hard alloy prepared after secondary sintering is 3.2-3.5 mu m, and the Rockwell hardness HRA is 84.4-86.4.
The influence and mechanism of the addition of the nano and submicron composite powder on the grain growth of the ultra-coarse grain hard alloy (rare metal materials and engineering, vol.48, No. 2 in 2019, 2) discloses that the addition of WC-Co powder with different grain sizes to the coarse grain WC/Co mixed powder influences the grain growth of WC in different sintering stages, and finally, the conclusion is that: after the nano powder is added, the crystal grains grow rapidly; after the submicron powder is added, the growth speed of crystal grains is reduced.
In the preparation methods of the hard alloy disclosed in the prior art, coarse tungsten carbide powder and nano tungsten carbide powder or coarse tungsten carbide powder and fine tungsten carbide powder are used as raw materials, and the prepared hard alloy has coarse grains and nano grains, which indicates that the grain size and the performance of the product cannot be simply judged from the grain size of the tungsten carbide powder in the raw materials.
At present, the inhomogeneous hard alloy which has excellent performance and can be applied to extreme working conditions is not seen.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art and provides a non-uniform hard alloy prepared by a close-packed batching method and a preparation method thereof.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
on one hand, the application provides a non-uniform hard alloy which is prepared by adopting a close-packed batching mode; the coarse grain size in the hard alloy reaches 10-20 mu m, and the average grain size of the hard alloy is 5-10 mu m.
Preferably, the close-packed batching mode refers to mixing coarse-particle tungsten carbide, medium-particle tungsten carbide and ultrafine or nano-particle tungsten carbide with a binding phase.
The mixture is prepared by mixing tungsten carbide powder in three particle ranges, and the finally prepared hard alloy has wide grain size distribution range, wherein the coarse grain size reaches 10-20 mu m, the average grain size is 5-10 mu m, and the hard alloy is non-uniform, namely the hard alloy with wide grain size distribution range. The hard alloy has a thick metallographic structure, high thermal conductivity and excellent thermal fatigue resistance and thermal shock resistance.
In another aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a heterogeneous cemented carbide using raw materials including coarse tungsten carbide, medium tungsten carbide, and ultra-fine or nano-particle tungsten carbide.
Preferably, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the coarse tungsten carbide particles, the medium tungsten carbide particles, the ultrafine or nano tungsten carbide particles and the binder phase into a ball mill for wet grinding and mixing to obtain a wet grinding mixture;
and S2, pressing and sintering the wet-milled mixture to obtain the heterogeneous hard alloy.
The preparation method of the hard alloy is simple in steps, convenient to operate and suitable for industrial production.
Preferably, in the step S1, the mass ratio of the coarse tungsten carbide particles, the medium tungsten carbide particles, and the ultra-fine or nano-particle tungsten carbide is 5-8: 1-4: 1-3.
The dosage of different particle tungsten carbide has important influence on the density of the mixed material, and the application provides the optimal dosage ratio of different particle tungsten carbide.
Preferably, in step S1, the fischer-tropsch size of the coarse tungsten carbide particles is 30 to 40 μm, the fischer-tropsch size of the medium tungsten carbide particles is 2 to 5 μm, and the fischer-tropsch size of the ultra-fine or nano-particle tungsten carbide particles is 0.1 to 0.5 μm.
The specific particle size ranges of the different particles of tungsten carbide have a significant effect on the density of the mixed material, and the present application provides the optimum particle size of the various tungsten carbide particles.
Preferably, in the step S1, the addition amount of the binder phase is 6 to 20% of the total mass of the coarse-particle tungsten carbide, the medium-particle tungsten carbide and the ultrafine or nano-particle tungsten carbide.
Preferably, in the step S1, the wet milling time is 12-20 h.
Preferably, the binding phase is one or more of cobalt, nickel and iron.
Preferably, the cemented carbide prepared in step S2 contains coarse grains with a grain size of 10-20 μm, and the average grain size of the cemented carbide is 5-10 μm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts a close-packed batching mode, namely, tungsten carbide powder with three different granularities of coarse tungsten carbide, medium tungsten carbide and nano tungsten carbide is mixed to prepare extra-coarse grain hard alloy with the average grain size of more than or equal to 5 mu m, the metallographic structure of the hard alloy is non-uniform, the grain distribution range is wide, and coarse grains with the grain size of 10-20 mu m are contained; the hard alloy has the Vickers hardness of more than 1050, the bending strength TRS of more than 2200MPa and thick metallographic structure of alloy grains, so that the hard alloy has extremely high thermal conductivity, better wear resistance, better thermal fatigue resistance and thermal shock resistance, and can be used for continuous mining of soft rock under extreme working conditions and the like.
2. The traditional extra-coarse hard alloy is prepared by adopting single coarse particles, the coarse particles are easy to be abutted together during pressing, and polycrystalline is easy to form in the sintering process, so that the strength of the alloy is reduced. The method adopts a close-packed batching mode to prepare the extra-coarse grain hard alloy, firstly adopts a coarse, medium and superfine/nano raw material proportioning mode to ensure that the medium grain tungsten carbide can be filled into larger pores among coarse grain tungsten carbide particles, and the superfine/nano grain tungsten carbide is filled into smaller pores among the medium grain tungsten carbide, thereby forming a more compact inter-particle arrangement mode, greatly reducing the gaps among the tungsten carbide particles and being more compact than the traditional single raw material proportioning mode.
In the process of alloy sintering, because the superfine or nano powder has large specific surface area and high activity, the superfine or nano powder is preferentially dissolved in a liquid bonding phase, meanwhile, fine particles in part of medium particles are also dissolved in the liquid bonding phase, and through a dissolution-precipitation-growth mechanism, supersaturated tungsten carbide in the liquid bonding phase is precipitated and grown on coarse particles or medium particles, so that coarse particle grains are further crystallized and grown, and finally, the coarse particles become coarser.
The heterogeneous structure microstructure composed of the medium particles and the coarse particles can effectively prevent the abutment among the coarse particles, meanwhile, the strength of the alloy is obviously improved due to the supporting effect of the medium particles, the hardness of the alloy can be enhanced due to the medium particles, the toughness of the alloy can be enhanced due to the coarser grain size, and finally, the comprehensive performance of the alloy is obviously improved.
In conclusion, the non-uniform hard alloy is prepared by adopting a close-packed batching mode, the grain size distribution of the alloy is non-uniform, the grain distribution range is wide, the coarse grain size reaches 10-20 mu m, the average grain size is 5-10 mu m, and the hardness, toughness, thermal fatigue resistance and other performances of the hard alloy product are excellent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a metallographic microstructure of a cemented carbide prepared according to example 1;
FIG. 2 is a metallographic microstructure of the cemented carbide prepared in example 6.
Detailed Description
The application provides a non-uniform hard alloy, wherein the average grain size of the hard alloy is 5-10 mu m, and the coarse grain size reaches 10-20 mu m.
In a preferred embodiment, the heterogeneous cemented carbide is prepared by the following steps:
s1, placing the coarse tungsten carbide particles, the medium tungsten carbide particles, the ultrafine or nano tungsten carbide particles and the binder phase into a ball mill for wet grinding and mixing to obtain a wet grinding mixture; the ball-material ratio is 2:1, the ball-milling medium is absolute ethyl alcohol, the liquid-material ratio is 0.1-0.4ml/g, and wet milling is carried out for 12-20 h.
Wherein the mass ratio of the coarse-particle tungsten carbide, the medium-particle tungsten carbide and the superfine or nano-particle tungsten carbide is 5-8: 1-4: 1-3; the Fisher-size of the coarse-particle tungsten carbide is 30-40 mu m, the Fisher-size of the medium-particle tungsten carbide is 2-5 mu m, and the Fisher-size of the superfine or nano-particle tungsten carbide is 0.1-0.5 mu m. The addition amount of the binding phase (preferably one or more of cobalt, nickel and iron) is 6-20% of the total mass of the coarse-particle tungsten carbide, the medium-particle tungsten carbide and the superfine or nano-particle tungsten carbide.
And S2, pressing and sintering the wet-milled mixture to obtain the heterogeneous hard alloy. The pressing pressure is 10-12MPa, the sintering is to sinter the pressed compact under the vacuum condition, the sintering temperature is controlled at 1350-.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
In this embodiment, a non-uniform (wide grain size distribution range) cemented carbide is prepared, and the specific preparation process is as follows:
s1, preparing WC-10% Co: placing coarse-particle tungsten carbide, medium-particle tungsten carbide, ultrafine or nano-particle tungsten carbide and a binder phase in a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 2:1, the ball milling medium is absolute ethyl alcohol, the liquid-material ratio is 0.3ml/g, and carrying out wet milling for 12h to obtain a wet milling mixture.
The WC consists of coarse WC particles, medium WC particles and superfine or nano WC particles in a mass ratio of 6:3: 1; the Fisher size of the coarse grain WC is 30 μm, the Fisher size of the medium grain WC is 2 μm, and the Fisher size of the superfine or nano grain WC is 0.1 μm; the amount of Co added was 10% of the total WC mass.
S2, pressing the wet-milled mixture under the pressure of 10MPa, and then sintering the pressed compact under the vacuum condition, wherein the sintering temperature is controlled at 1350-; the inhomogeneous hard alloy with wide grain size distribution range is prepared.
Example 2
In this embodiment, a non-uniform (wide grain size distribution range) cemented carbide is prepared, and the specific preparation process is as follows:
s1, preparing WC-11% Co: placing coarse-particle tungsten carbide, medium-particle tungsten carbide, ultrafine or nano-particle tungsten carbide and a binder phase in a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 2:1, the ball milling medium is absolute ethyl alcohol, the liquid-material ratio is 0.3ml/g, and carrying out wet milling for 12h to obtain a wet milling mixture.
The WC consists of coarse WC particles, medium WC particles and superfine or nano WC particles in a mass ratio of 7:2: 1; the Fisher size of the coarse WC particles is 30 μm, the Fisher size of the medium WC particles is 3 μm, and the Fisher size of the ultra-fine or nano WC particles is 0.2 μm.
S2, pressing the wet-milled mixture under the pressure of 10MPa, and then sintering the pressed compact under the vacuum condition, wherein the sintering temperature is controlled at 1350-; the inhomogeneous hard alloy with wide grain size distribution range is prepared.
Example 3
In this embodiment, a non-uniform (wide grain size distribution range) cemented carbide is prepared, and the specific preparation process is as follows:
s1, preparing WC-12% Co: placing coarse-particle tungsten carbide, medium-particle tungsten carbide, ultrafine or nano-particle tungsten carbide and a binder phase in a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 2:1, the ball milling medium is absolute ethyl alcohol, the liquid-material ratio is 0.3ml/g, and carrying out wet milling for 15h to obtain a wet milling mixture.
The WC consists of coarse WC particles, medium WC particles and superfine or nano WC particles in a mass ratio of 6.5:2.5: 1; the Fisher size of the coarse WC particles is 30 μm, the Fisher size of the medium WC particles is 3 μm, and the Fisher size of the ultra-fine or nano WC particles is 0.1 μm.
S2, pressing the wet-milled mixture under the pressure of 10MPa, and then sintering the pressed compact under the vacuum condition, wherein the sintering temperature is controlled at 1350-; the inhomogeneous hard alloy with wide grain size distribution range is prepared.
Example 4
In this embodiment, a non-uniform (wide grain size distribution range) cemented carbide is prepared, and the specific preparation process is as follows:
s1, preparing WC-13% Co: placing the coarse tungsten carbide particles, the medium tungsten carbide particles, the superfine or nano tungsten carbide particles and the binder phase in a ball mill, wherein the ball-to-material ratio is 2:1, the ball milling medium is absolute ethyl alcohol, the liquid-to-material ratio is 0.2ml/g, and carrying out wet milling for 15h to obtain a wet milling mixture.
The WC consists of coarse WC particles, medium WC particles and superfine or nano WC particles in a mass ratio of 6:3: 1; the Fisher size of the coarse WC particles is 40 μm, the Fisher size of the medium WC particles is 4 μm, and the Fisher size of the ultra-fine or nano WC particles is 0.2 μm.
S2, pressing the wet-milled mixture under the pressure of 10MPa, and then sintering the pressed compact under the vacuum condition, wherein the sintering temperature is controlled at 1350-; the inhomogeneous hard alloy with wide grain size distribution range is prepared.
Example 5
In this embodiment, a non-uniform (wide grain size distribution range) cemented carbide is prepared, and the specific preparation process is as follows:
s1, preparing WC-14% Co: placing coarse-particle tungsten carbide, medium-particle tungsten carbide, ultrafine or nano-particle tungsten carbide and a binder phase in a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 2:1, the ball milling medium is absolute ethyl alcohol, the liquid-material ratio is 0.2ml/g, and carrying out wet milling for 16h to obtain a wet milling mixture.
The WC consists of coarse WC particles, medium WC particles and superfine or nano WC particles in a mass ratio of 6:3: 1; the Fisher size of the coarse WC particles is 40 μm, the Fisher size of the medium WC particles is 2 μm, and the Fisher size of the ultra-fine or nano WC particles is 0.4 μm.
S2, pressing the wet-milled mixture under the pressure of 10MPa, and then sintering the pressed compact under the vacuum condition, wherein the sintering temperature is controlled at 1350-; the inhomogeneous hard alloy with wide grain size distribution range is prepared.
Example 6
In this embodiment, a non-uniform (wide grain size distribution range) cemented carbide is prepared, and the specific preparation process is as follows:
s1, preparing WC-12% Co: placing coarse-particle tungsten carbide, medium-particle tungsten carbide, ultrafine or nano-particle tungsten carbide and a binder phase in a ball mill, wherein the ball-material ratio is 2:1, the ball milling medium is absolute ethyl alcohol, the liquid-material ratio is 0.2ml/g, and carrying out wet milling for 16h to obtain a wet milling mixture.
The WC consists of coarse WC particles, medium WC particles and superfine or nano WC particles in a mass ratio of 7:1.5: 1.5; the Fisher size of the coarse WC particles is 40 μm, the Fisher size of the medium WC particles is 5 μm, and the Fisher size of the ultra-fine or nano WC particles is 0.1 μm.
S2, pressing the wet-milled mixture under the pressure of 10MPa, and then sintering the pressed compact under the vacuum condition, wherein the sintering temperature is controlled at 1350-; the inhomogeneous hard alloy with wide grain size distribution range is prepared.
Comparative example 1
S1, preparing WC-10% Co, wherein the WC consists of medium-particle WC and superfine or nano-particle WC, and the mass ratio of the medium-particle WC to the nano-particle WC is 1: 1;
the rest is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 2
S1, preparing WC-10% Co, wherein the WC consists of coarse WC particles and ultrafine or nano WC particles in a mass ratio of 1: 2;
the rest is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 3
S1, preparing WC-10% Co, wherein the WC consists of coarse grains WC and medium grains WC, and the mass ratio of the coarse grains WC to the medium grains WC is 2: 1;
the rest is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 4
S1, preparing WC-10% Co, wherein the WC consists of coarse WC particles, medium WC particles and superfine or nano WC particles in a mass ratio of 2:1: 1;
the rest is the same as example 1.
Test example
The properties of the hard alloys prepared in examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were measured, including hardness, grain size, bending strength TRS, and metallographic structure. Wherein the hardness is measured by a Rockwell hardness tester; the coarse grain size is measured by a method in GB/T6394-2017 'Metal average grain size measurement method'; the bending strength TRS is measured by a universal material testing machine; metallographic determination of a metallographic structure of hard alloy in GB/T3488.2-2018 is adopted, and the part 2 is as follows: measurement of WC grain size. The results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 properties of cemented carbide
| Serial number | Hardness (HV) | Coarse grain size (mum) | TRS(N/mm2) | Metallographic structure |
| Example 1 | 1080 | 10 | 2690 | Wide tissue distribution range of A02B00C00 |
| Example 2 | 1090 | 10 | 2430 | Wide tissue distribution range of A02B00C00 |
| Example 3 | 1055 | 12 | 2510 | Wide tissue distribution range of A02B00C00 |
| Example 4 | 1050 | 13 | 2570 | Wide tissue distribution range of A02B00C00 |
| Example 5 | 1020 | 12 | 2240 | Wide tissue distribution range of A02B00C00 |
| Example 6 | 1060 | 15 | 2480 | Wide tissue distribution range of A02B00C00 |
| Comparative example 1 | 880 | 7 | 1320 | Uneven tissue distribution |
| Comparative example 2 | 750 | 6 | 1245 | Uneven tissue distribution |
| Comparative example 3 | 670 | 8 | 1150 | Uneven tissue distribution |
| Comparative example 4 | 720 | 8 | 1350 | Uniform tissue distribution |
The coarse grain size in table 1 refers to the average grain size of coarse grains in the cemented carbide product measured.
As can be seen from table 1, the coarse grain size of the hard alloy prepared in examples 1 to 6 is above 10 μm, the vickers hardness is above 1050, the bending strength is above 2200MPa, and the metallographic grain is coarse (see fig. 1 and fig. 2), so that the extra-coarse grain hard alloy prepared by the method disclosed by the invention with a wide grain distribution range has extremely high thermal conductivity, good wear resistance, good thermal fatigue resistance and thermal shock resistance, and can be used for continuous soft rock mining under extreme working conditions and the like.
Comparing the examples with the comparative examples, it can be seen that the coarse grain size, hardness and bending strength of the hard alloy prepared in examples 1-6 are all significantly larger than those of comparative example 1 (using the mixture of medium-grain WC, ultra-fine or nano-grain WC), comparative example 2 (using the mixture of coarse-grain WC, ultra-fine or nano-grain WC), comparative example 3 (using the mixture of coarse-grain WC, medium-grain WC, ultra-fine or nano-grain WC), and comparative example 4 (the mixture ratio of coarse-grain WC, medium-grain WC, ultra-fine or nano-grain WC is different), so that the size of the raw material WC particles and the ratio among the coarse-grain WC, medium-grain WC, ultra-fine or nano-grain WC all affect the grain distribution, hardness and bending strength of the prepared hard alloy, the invention selects the optimal ratio range by selecting the coarse-grain WC, medium-grain WC and ultra-fine or nano-grain WC with appropriate particle sizes to make the average grain size of the prepared, the coarse grain size is 10-20 μm, and the heat fatigue resistance and the thermal shock resistance are good, so that the method can be used for continuous soft rock mining under extreme working conditions.
The above are merely characteristic embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. All technical solutions formed by equivalent exchanges or equivalent substitutions fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The non-uniform hard alloy is characterized in that the hard alloy is prepared by adopting a close-packed batching mode; the coarse grain size in the hard alloy reaches 10-20 mu m, and the average grain size of the hard alloy is 5-10 mu m.
2. A non-uniform cemented carbide according to claim 1, characterised in that the close-packed dosing means is a mixture of coarse and medium grained tungsten carbide and ultra-fine or nano-grained tungsten carbide with a binder phase.
3. The preparation method of the heterogeneous hard alloy is characterized in that raw materials used in the preparation method comprise coarse-particle tungsten carbide, medium-particle tungsten carbide and ultrafine or nano-particle tungsten carbide.
4. A method of making a non-uniform cemented carbide according to claim 3 comprising the steps of:
s1, placing the coarse tungsten carbide particles, the medium tungsten carbide particles, the ultrafine or nano tungsten carbide particles and the binder phase into a ball mill for wet grinding and mixing to obtain a wet grinding mixture;
and S2, pressing and sintering the wet-milled mixture to obtain the heterogeneous hard alloy.
5. The method for preparing the non-uniform hard alloy as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step S1, the mass ratio of the coarse tungsten carbide particles, the medium tungsten carbide particles and the ultra-fine or nano tungsten carbide particles is 5-8: 1-4: 1-3.
6. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein in step S1, the Fisher size of the coarse tungsten carbide particles is 30-40 μm, the Fisher size of the medium tungsten carbide particles is 2-5 μm, and the Fisher size of the ultra-fine or nano tungsten carbide particles is 0.1-0.5 μm.
7. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein in step S1, the binder phase is added in an amount of 6-20% of the total mass of the coarse tungsten carbide, the medium tungsten carbide and the ultra-fine or nano-particle tungsten carbide.
8. The method for preparing a non-uniform hard alloy as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step S1, the wet milling time is 12-20 h.
9. A heterogeneous cemented carbide according to any of claims 4-8 where the binder phase is one or more of cobalt, nickel and iron.
10. The method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the cemented carbide obtained in step S2 contains coarse grains with a grain size of 10-20 μm, and the mean grain size of the cemented carbide is 5-10 μm.
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Application publication date: 20200728 |