Demulsifier and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petrochemical industry, in particular to a demulsifier and a preparation method thereof, and particularly relates to a high-performance demulsifier for a first unit of a central platform of an offshore oil production plant of a victory oil field and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of the world oil industry, the oil exploitation amount is increasing day by day, at present, offshore drilling wells are more and more, and crude oil is exploited by an offshore drilling platform and then is transported to a land combined station through a pipeline for dehydration and desalination treatment. Since the offshore platform contains a large amount of water after the crude oil is produced, the free water in the crude oil is easy to separate and remove, but the free water often contains a large amount of oil. Dehydration can be carried out by adding a demulsifier. But the oil and water are subjected to secondary emulsification after passing through a pump in the process of transporting the platform to land. This requires that the demulsifier used have a good dewatering effect, a good water purification effect, and can treat the secondarily emulsified crude oil. Therefore, it is necessary to design a demulsifier which has high demulsification speed and good water purification effect and can treat secondary emulsification and a preparation method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a demulsifier which has high demulsification speed and good water purification effect and can treat secondary emulsification.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method of preparing a demulsifier comprising:
weighing WD-8311 dry agent, WD-123 medium dry agent, SP169 dry agent, methanol and pure water according to the weight components;
the raw materials are put into a reaction kettle, stirred for 0.5 to 1 hour at the reaction temperature of 40 ℃ and the rotating speed of 190r/min, and then discharged to obtain the demulsifier named as WD-515 type demulsifier.
The WD-8311 dry agent and the WD-123 dry agent selected during the preparation of the demulsifier are qualified products.
The demulsifier comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 220 parts of WD-8311 dry agent, 80-120 parts of WD-123 dry agent, 80-120 parts of SP169 dry agent, 400 parts of methanol 200 and 400 parts of pure water 200.
The preparation method of the WD-8311 dry agent comprises the following steps:
(2) weighing tetraethylenepentamine, potassium hydroxide, propylene oxide, ethylene oxide and glacial acetic acid according to the weight components;
(2) adding tetraethylenepentamine and potassium hydroxide into a reaction kettle, and closing the reaction kettle;
(3) adding nitrogen into the reaction kettle to ensure that the pressure in the reaction kettle is 0.6MPa, and standing for 30 minutes;
(4) if the pressure in the reaction kettle is normal, discharging nitrogen in the reaction kettle, introducing new nitrogen for replacement, and repeating the replacement for three times; if the pressure in the reaction kettle is too high or too low, adjusting the pressure in the reaction kettle to a normal state, and then performing nitrogen replacement operation, wherein the nitrogen replacement operation is repeated for three times;
(5) after the replacement is finished, opening the reaction kettle, stirring, heating to 95 ℃, vacuumizing, controlling the temperature to be 95 ℃, controlling the reaction pressure to be-0.1 MPa-0.15MPa, and controlling the stirring speed to be 190 r/min;
(6) after the vacuum pumping is finished, continuously heating to 130 ℃, adding propylene oxide, controlling the reaction temperature between 135 ℃ and 145 ℃, and increasing the pressure to 0.4-0.6 MPa;
(7) the reaction pressure is reduced along with the continuation of the reaction, and the heat preservation is carried out when the reaction pressure is reduced to negative pressure for 2 hours;
(8) after the heat preservation is finished, cooling to 120 ℃, adding ethylene oxide, and controlling the reaction temperature to be between 120 and 130 ℃;
(9) the reaction pressure is reduced along with the continuation of the reaction, and when the reaction pressure is reduced to negative pressure, heat preservation is carried out for 0.5 hour;
(10) after the heat preservation is finished, cooling to 90 ℃, adding glacial acetic acid for neutralization, wherein the PH value is 5-9, and preserving heat for 2 hours;
(11) and after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature is reduced to 40 ℃, the sampling is carried out, the reaction is finished, the demulsification drier is obtained and named as WD-8311 drier, and the demulsification drier WD-8311 has high dehydration speed but cannot process secondary emulsification.
The WD-8311 dry agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200 parts of tetraethylenepentamine, 1-10 parts of potassium hydroxide, 650 parts of propylene oxide 550, 450 parts of ethylene oxide 250 and 1-10 parts of glacial acetic acid.
The preparation method of the WD-123 drying agent comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting nonyl phenol, potassium hydroxide, propylene oxide, ethylene oxide and a small amount of glacial acetic acid;
s2, closing an emptying valve and a kettle bottom valve of the polymerization kettle, opening a vacuum valve, starting a vacuum pump, opening the kettle bottom valve when the pressure in the kettle reaches-0.06-0.1 MPa, pumping nonyl phenol, formaldehyde and potassium hydroxide which are accurately metered into the kettle, and closing the kettle bottom valve, the vacuum pump and the vacuum valve; jacking nitrogen to positive pressure, and starting stirring; slowly heating to 65 ℃ and keeping for 10 minutes; then continuously heating to 80-85 ℃, and keeping for half an hour; slowly heating to 90-95 ℃ and keeping for 1 hour; and (3) opening cooling water of the heat exchanger, opening a circulating water valve on a water distribution pipeline, slowly raising the temperature, continuously distributing water, observing the water outlet condition of the visual cup, and gradually reducing the outflow water quantity of the visual cup when the temperature is raised to 150 ℃. When no water flows out, the temperature is reduced to 130 ℃, and the vacuum dehydration is carried out for 30 minutes.
S3, heating to 130 ℃ to feed propylene oxide, controlling the initial temperature to be 140-150 ℃, and controlling the temperature to be 135-145 ℃ after the temperature and the feed are stable. After the propylene oxide is fed, the temperature is kept for 1 hour, the temperature is reduced to 110-120 ℃, the vacuum treatment is carried out for half an hour, and then the ethylene oxide is fed, and the temperature is controlled to be 120-130 ℃. After the ethylene oxide is fed, the kettle pressure is reduced to-0.04 MPa, and the temperature is kept for half an hour. And then carrying out vacuum treatment for 30 minutes at 110-120 ℃, cooling to 70 ℃, sampling and discharging to obtain the demulsifying drier named as WD-123 medium drier, wherein the WD-123 medium drier can better treat secondary emulsified crude oil to achieve the aim of dehydration.
The WD-123 drying agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350 parts of nonyl phenol 280-5 parts, 550 parts of potassium hydroxide, 550 parts of propylene oxide 450-350 parts, 350 parts of ethylene oxide 250-4 parts and glacial acetic acid 1-4 parts.
The invention has the technical effects that:
compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the demulsifier comprises the following steps: weighing WD-8311 dry agent, WD-123 medium dry agent, SP169 dry agent, methanol and pure water according to the weight components; putting the raw materials into a reaction kettle, stirring for 0.5-1 hour at the reaction temperature of 40 ℃ and the rotation speed of 190r/min, and then discharging to obtain a demulsifier named as WD-515 type demulsifier; the WD-8311 dry agent and the WD-123 medium dry agent are prepared by a special preparation method, and are matched with the SP169 dry agent for use, so that the demulsifier which has high dehydration speed and good water purification effect, can treat crude oil after secondary emulsification, has good application environment, and is simple and reliable in preparation method and easy to operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a comparison of water quality after secondary emulsification of the WD-515 type demulsifier of the present invention with a field agent.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples in combination with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
a method of preparing a demulsifier comprising:
weighing WD-8311 dry agent, WD-123 medium dry agent, SP169 dry agent, methanol and pure water according to the weight components;
the raw materials are put into a reaction kettle, stirred for 0.5 to 1 hour at the reaction temperature of 40 ℃ and the rotating speed of 190r/min, and then discharged to obtain the demulsifier named as WD-515 type demulsifier.
The WD-8311 dry agent and the WD-123 dry agent selected during the preparation of the demulsifier are qualified products.
The demulsifier of the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200 g of WD-8311 dry agent, 100 g of WD-123 medium dry agent and 100 g of SP169 dry agent. 300 g of methanol and 300 g of pure water.
The preparation method of the WD-8311 dry agent comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing tetraethylenepentamine, potassium hydroxide, propylene oxide, ethylene oxide and glacial acetic acid according to the weight components;
(2) adding tetraethylenepentamine and potassium hydroxide into a reaction kettle, and closing the reaction kettle;
(3) adding nitrogen into the reaction kettle to ensure that the pressure in the reaction kettle is 0.6MPa, and standing for 30 minutes;
(4) if the pressure in the reaction kettle is normal, discharging nitrogen in the reaction kettle, introducing new nitrogen for replacement, and repeating the replacement for three times; if the pressure in the reaction kettle is too high or too low, adjusting the pressure in the reaction kettle to a normal state, and then performing nitrogen replacement operation, wherein the nitrogen replacement operation is repeated for three times;
(5) after the replacement is finished, opening the reaction kettle, stirring, heating to 95 ℃, vacuumizing, controlling the temperature to be 95 ℃, controlling the reaction pressure to be-0.1 MPa-0.15MPa, and controlling the stirring speed to be 190 r/min;
(6) after the vacuum pumping is finished, continuously heating to 130 ℃, adding propylene oxide, controlling the reaction temperature between 135 ℃ and 145 ℃, and increasing the pressure to 0.4-0.6 MPa;
(7) the reaction pressure is reduced along with the continuation of the reaction, and the heat preservation is carried out when the reaction pressure is reduced to negative pressure for 2 hours;
(8) after the heat preservation is finished, cooling to 120 ℃, adding ethylene oxide, and controlling the reaction temperature to be between 120 and 130 ℃;
(9) the reaction pressure is reduced along with the continuation of the reaction, and when the reaction pressure is reduced to negative pressure, heat preservation is carried out for 0.5 hour;
(10) after the heat preservation is finished, cooling to 90 ℃, adding glacial acetic acid for neutralization, wherein the PH value is 5-9, and preserving heat for 2 hours;
(11) and after the heat preservation is finished, the temperature is reduced to 40 ℃, the sampling is carried out, the reaction is finished, the demulsification drier is obtained and named as WD-8311 drier, and the demulsification drier WD-8311 has high dehydration speed but cannot process secondary emulsification.
The WD-8311 dry agent in the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 180 g of tetraethylenepentamine, 5 g of potassium hydroxide, 600 g of propylene oxide, 400 g of ethylene oxide and 4 g of glacial acetic acid.
The preparation method of the WD-123 drying agent comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting nonyl phenol, potassium hydroxide, propylene oxide, ethylene oxide and a small amount of glacial acetic acid;
s2, closing an emptying valve and a kettle bottom valve of the polymerization kettle, opening a vacuum valve, starting a vacuum pump, opening the kettle bottom valve when the pressure in the kettle reaches-0.06-0.1 MPa, pumping nonyl phenol, formaldehyde and potassium hydroxide which are accurately metered into the kettle, and closing the kettle bottom valve, the vacuum pump and the vacuum valve; jacking nitrogen to positive pressure, and starting stirring; slowly heating to 65 ℃ and keeping for 10 minutes; then continuously heating to 80-85 ℃, and keeping for half an hour; slowly heating to 90-95 ℃ and keeping for 1 hour; and (3) opening cooling water of the heat exchanger, opening a circulating water valve on a water distribution pipeline, slowly raising the temperature, continuously distributing water, observing the water outlet condition of the visual cup, and gradually reducing the outflow water quantity of the visual cup when the temperature is raised to 150 ℃. When no water flows out, the temperature is reduced to 130 ℃, and the vacuum dehydration is carried out for 30 minutes.
S3, heating to 130 ℃ to feed propylene oxide, controlling the initial temperature to be 140-150 ℃, and controlling the temperature to be 135-145 ℃ after the temperature and the feed are stable. After the propylene oxide is fed, the temperature is kept for 1 hour, the temperature is reduced to 110-120 ℃, the vacuum treatment is carried out for half an hour, and then the ethylene oxide is fed, and the temperature is controlled to be 120-130 ℃. After the ethylene oxide is fed, the kettle pressure is reduced to-0.04 MPa, and the temperature is kept for half an hour. And then carrying out vacuum treatment for 30 minutes at 110-120 ℃, cooling to 70 ℃, sampling and discharging to obtain the demulsifying drier named as WD-123 medium drier, wherein the WD-123 medium drier can better treat secondary emulsified crude oil to achieve the aim of dehydration.
In this embodiment, the WD-123 drying agent comprises the following raw materials by weight: 300 g of nonyl phenol, 4 g of potassium hydroxide, 500 g of propylene oxide, 200 g of ethylene oxide and 3.5 g of glacial acetic acid.
The SP169 desiccant is a commercial desiccant, and can play a role in purifying water.
Experimental example:
1.1 reference standard: general technical conditions of Q/SH10201418-2013 crude oil demulsifier
1.2 oil sample selection:
(1) sampling time: the sampling time is not more than 24h (ensuring the freshness of the oil sample);
(2) sampling site: the inlet of the separator is not added with medicine, and the inlet and the outlet of the external delivery pump are added with medicine.
1.3 instruments, equipment and reagents: a constant temperature water bath, an analytical balance, a beaker, a reagent bottle, a thermometer, a screening bottle, a disposable needle tube of a pipette, absolute ethyl alcohol and a mixing device.
1.4 summary of test methods:
selecting a test fresh oil sample, pouring the oil sample into a screening bottle platform oil sample, respectively placing the oil sample into a water bath with the constant temperature of 60 ℃, observing the final dehydration of the sample for 30 minutes under the specified dosing concentration, and finally selecting an excellent demulsifier sample according to the conditions of dehydration, an emulsion layer and water quality.
1.5 evaluation criteria:
and (3) evaluating and grading according to the results of the demulsifiers after 30 minutes in the experimental process, wherein the evaluation is as follows:
A. the dehydration amount of the demulsifier in 30 minutes is preferably considered, and the dehydration amount is obviously lower than that of other medicaments without considering the ranking;
B. in the case where the amount of dehydration is the same, the thickness of the emulsion layer is preferably small.
C. And finally ranking according to the dehydration speed, the wall hanging condition and the water quality clarity condition in the demulsifier action process.
D. After dehydration for 30 minutes, a second emulsification was carried out. The dehydrated color was observed (stirred with a blender).
The experimental results are shown in table 1 and fig. 1, the WD-515 product is dehydrated most at 15 minutes, the dehydration rate is fastest, and the WD-515 water quality after secondary emulsification is clearer than that of a field agent.
Table 1:
the above embodiments are only specific examples of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention includes but is not limited to the product forms and styles of the above embodiments, and any suitable changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art according to the claims of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.