CN111454110B - Composite explosive forming process - Google Patents
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- CN111454110B CN111454110B CN202010298318.8A CN202010298318A CN111454110B CN 111454110 B CN111454110 B CN 111454110B CN 202010298318 A CN202010298318 A CN 202010298318A CN 111454110 B CN111454110 B CN 111454110B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
- C06B21/0058—Shaping the mixture by casting a curable composition, e.g. of the plastisol type
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite explosive forming process. In order to solve the problem that the orderly assembly of the microparticles cannot be realized by pouring the explosive, the invention adopts a mechanical implantation mode to implant an oxidant, reducing agent particles or a composite explosive into a mixed explosive to prepare the high-energy pouring PBX explosive, initiating explosive, propellant and the like. The invention solves the problem of bubbles generated by mechanical implantation by a vacuum process while realizing the purpose of orderly assembling particles; by controlling the implantation time, the implanted charge is ensured to have no crack defects. The forming process disclosed by the invention comprises 5 steps of determining implantation time, preparing implantation particles, preparing a matrix, implanting the particles, orderly assembling the particles, curing at high temperature and the like. The invention is mainly applied to the fields of initiating explosive and explosive.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of initiating explosive and explosive, relates to a composite explosive forming process, and particularly relates to a process for preparing a high-energy pouring PBX explosive and initiating explosive by injecting strong oxidant or strong reducing agent particles into a mixed explosive.
Background
The pouring PBX explosive is a polymer-based composite material which takes a polymer as a matrix, an elementary substance explosive as an oxidant and other compound particles as a reducing agent, and the microstructure among the elementary substance components plays a decisive role in the detonation performance of the composite material.
The reaction of the mixed explosive, initiating explosive and propellant is related to the structure and the size of the raw materials, and the reaction degree, the reaction severity and the damage effect of combustion and detonation can be adjusted through the structure of the raw materials. The kneading-pouring process commonly used for pouring PBX explosives is reported in the literature "optimization of pouring type PBX mixing process parameters" (Matpeng, et al, blasting equipment, 5 in 2015), but in the implementation process of the process, all components are mixed disorderly, the structure of the process can only be passively accepted, and the purpose of orderly assembling particles cannot be realized. The document "output characteristics of double-element explosive charging air explosion" (NiuLei et al, the school of explosives and powders, 2009 4) reports a double-element explosive charging structure, and the process comprises the steps of firstly preparing different types of explosives and then assembling, but the process can only realize large-size assembly and cannot realize ordered assembly of micro-particle explosive components.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a composite explosive forming process, aiming at solving the problem that the existing pouring PBX explosive can not realize ordered assembly of millimeter-scale explosive component particles.
The conception of the invention is as follows: the microstructure of the explosive determines the macroscopic properties of the explosive. During the detonation process of pouring the PBX explosive, two reactions, namely a main explosive thermal decomposition reaction and a main explosive particle and a reducing agent such as metal powder and a metal compound are mainly generated. Theoretical analysis is carried out from the thermodynamic perspective, and the size and the form of explosive output energy are independent of the structure. However, the actual explosive working effect is not only thermodynamic behavior, but also relates to a kinetic process, and is specifically represented as follows: in the detonation process of the explosive, the combustion reaction and the thermal decomposition reaction are required to be consistent or close to each other, and energy is rapidly released in the form of shock waves; in an explosive, the combustion reaction is required to lag the thermal decomposition reaction so that the oxygen in the environment is efficiently utilized and the energy is released in the form of heat and sustained pressure. The idea of the invention is to invent a process, and the reducing agent particles or the combined particles of the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent are orderly distributed into a high polymer or a poured PBX explosive system to adjust the detonation reaction, according to the requirement of explosive design. From the analysis of mechanical design, the technology for implanting a formed solid into another solid or liquid is mature. The currently adopted means include a kneading process, a paddle-free mixing process, a particle implantation process and a composite charging process, but as mentioned in the background, the kneading process and the paddle-free mixing process cannot realize millimeter-scale particle ordered arrangement, the composite charging process cannot realize millimeter-scale ordered arrangement, and the particle implantation has defects of bubbles and interface cracks. If the defects of bubbles and interface cracks occurring when the particle machine is implanted are overcome, the purpose of orderly assembling the components of the micro-particle explosive can be realized, and the micro-particle explosive can be applied to explosive and initiating explosive charging.
Based on the conception, the design idea of the invention is to design a composite explosive forming process, pressing reducing agent or oxidant/reducing agent combination particles into preset particles with specific shapes; and then the preset particles are implanted into a high polymer or a pouring PBX explosive system through a technological means. The process designed by the invention is carried out under the condition of partial vacuum, and the defect of bubbles in charging is overcome. The PBX explosive is cast and formed by the curing reaction of the polymer prepolymer and the curing agent. The general curing reaction is divided into three stages, namely, a first stage, wherein active groups of a curing agent are combined with active groups of a prepolymer to form an active high-molecular single chain; in the second stage, the active polymer chains are subjected to a crosslinking reaction to form crosslinked polymer chains; and in the third stage, the cross-linked polymer chains are cross-linked with each other to form a solid polymer with certain strength. According to the invention, by utilizing the above properties of polymer reaction, after the second stage is started, particle implantation is carried out to delay the formation and mutual crosslinking of crosslinked polymer chains; after the particles are implanted, the active polymer chains are infiltrated on the surfaces of the particles through the adsorption action of the surfaces of the particles to form cross-linked polymer chains, and finally the polymer-based particle filling composite material is formed.
Based on the principle, in the implementation process of the invention, if the poured PBX explosive belongs to a fluid state when the preset particles are assembled, the preset particles can generate deviation or settlement due to high density, and the purpose of ordered assembly cannot be achieved; if the second stage curing reaction in the casting of the PBX explosive is finished, damage to the polymer during the particle implantation process cannot be repaired, and crack defects may occur after the particle implantation.
In order to realize the task, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the following steps:
one aspect of the invention provides a composite explosive forming process, which comprises the following steps:
step one, determining implantation time: obtaining the reaction conversion rate of the active component of the curing agent in the curing reaction of the pouring system, and analyzing the curing time corresponding to 75% and 85% of the conversion rate, which are t1 and t2 respectively;
step two, preparing implant particles: preparing explosive implanted particles with required size by adopting a molding powder pressing process or a machining process;
step three, preparing a matrix: kneading the prepolymer and the explosive filler at high temperature, adding a curing agent, and starting timing; continuously kneading for a period of time, and then carrying out vacuum casting molding to prepare a casting explosive matrix;
step four, implanting particles: when the curing time is longer than t1 and shorter than t2, implanting the explosive particles designed in the step two into the specified position in the cured cast explosive matrix in the step three under the vacuum condition, and the specific process is as follows: inserting a catheter of the particle implantation device into a specified position of the charge blank sample; slowly moving a rubber sleeve in the particle implantation device downwards to cover the exposed and leaked meshes on the metal tube; pulling out the pressure lever upwards; placing the particles into a particle box according to a certain sequence, inserting the particle box into a particle implantation device, and enabling the particles in the particle box to enter a particle channel of the particle implantation device in sequence; pushing the pressure rod, implanting the particles in the particle channel into the explosive designated position through the guide pipe, and separating the particle implantation device from the explosive;
step five, orderly assembling particles: controlling the particle implantation device to move through the pouring and curing equipment, translating for a certain distance along the horizontal direction each time, repeating the step four, implanting particles in the next row, and completing the assembly of prefabricated particles in the preset row number; keeping the vacuum condition for not less than 10min, and discharging the vacuum to form a composite explosive blank sample;
step six, high-temperature curing: and (3) placing the composite explosive blank sample into an oven, and curing at high temperature until the explosive reaches the mechanical strength required by use.
The reaction conversion rate of the active component of the curing agent in the curing reaction of the pouring system is obtained in the step one, and can be obtained by measuring Fourier infrared spectrograms of drug slurry with different curing time, or can be obtained by calculating with Materials studio software or by consulting with documents; the analysis of the curing time corresponding to 75% and 85% of conversion rate can be controlled by time t1 and time t2, and can also be obtained by state equivalent transformation, including the rheological property and the mechanical property of the slurry.
According to a further scheme, in the fourth step, the particle implantation device inserted into the cast explosive matrix can damage the cast explosive matrix, the damage is repaired in a continuous curing reaction in the matrix, if the damage diameter is too large, the damage cannot be repaired, and a large number of tests prove that the diameter of the particle implantation device conduit is not more than 2mm, and the diameter of the particles is not more than 1.5 mm.
Further, when the diameter of the particles is less than or equal to 0.5mm, the row spacing is not less than 4mm, and when the diameter of the implanted particles is more than 0.5mm and less than 1.0mm, the row spacing is not less than 8 mm; when the diameter of the implanted particles is more than or equal to 1.0mm, the row spacing is more than 10 times the particle diameter.
Another aspect of the present invention also provides a particle implantation device, which comprises a cavity, a particle cassette, a catheter, a compression bar and a rubber sleeve; wherein:
the cavity is internally provided with 1 conveying channel, and the bottom of the conveying channel is provided with a sunken track; the upper end of the conveying channel is communicated with the pressure rod channel A, the lower end of the conveying channel is communicated with the particle channel A, and the lower end of the particle channel A extends into the buckle; the bottom of the cavity is provided with two convex linking ports A, and the side surface is provided with a convex linking port B; the chain interface A and the chain interface B are used for being linked with explosive curing, molding or vacuum processing equipment, and the whole three-dimensional movement of the device is realized through the fixation of the chain interface A and the chain interface B when the device is used;
the particle box is fixedly arranged in the conveying channel; the particle box comprises a particle rail, preset particles, a sliding rod and a spring; the preset particles, the sliding rod and the spring are positioned in the particle rail, and the sliding rod drives the preset particles to slide in the particle rail under the prestress action of the spring; one end of the particle rail is vertically and upwards communicated with the pressure rod channel B and vertically and downwards communicated with the particle channel B; the pressure rod channel B, the particle channel A and the guide pipe are coaxial;
the upper end of the conduit is communicated with the particle channel A in the cavity; the lower 1/2 part of the guide pipe is provided with at least one row of meshes with the diameter of 0.1 mm-0.3 mm;
the pressure rod sequentially penetrates through the pressure rod channel A, the pressure rod channel B, the particle channel B and the particle channel A from top to bottom and enters the guide pipe;
the rubber sleeve is wrapped on the catheter and can slide on the catheter.
The inner diameters of the pressure lever channel A, the pressure lever channel B, the particle channel A and the conduit are consistent and are not more than 2 mm.
The lower end of the cavity is fixed with a buckle for fixing the conduit, and the top of the conduit is provided with a joint; the guide pipe is buckled and fixed with the lower end of the cavity through a joint, and the guide pipe is a metal pipe. .
The particle box is arranged on a sliding block with a bulge at the bottom, and the particle box is fixed on the conveying channel through the matching of the sliding block at the bottom and the track at the bottom of the conveying channel.
The still further scheme is, the pipe bottom process into an inclined plane B, the bottom of depression bar also process into an inclined plane A, when the depression bar got into the pipe, the inclined plane A of depression bar and the inclined plane B parallel and level of pipe, the chamfer of inclined plane A and inclined plane B all is 30 degrees.
In a further scheme, the rubber sleeve is made of silicon rubber, and the length of the rubber sleeve is half of that of the catheter.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention has the advantages that:
(1) ordered assembly of millimeter-scale explosive component particles can be realized;
(2) the assembled explosive has no crack and bubble defects.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the chamber structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a left sectional view of the chamber structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a particle cassette according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the compression bar, conduit and rubber sleeve of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-cavity, 2-particle box, 3-conduit, 4-pressure bar, 5-rubber sleeve; 1-1-transport channel, 1-2-track; 1-3-a pressure bar channel A, 1-4-a particle channel A, 1-5-a buckle, 1-6-a chain interface A, 1-7-a chain interface B; 2-1-particle track, 2-2-preset particles, 2-3-slide bar, 2-4-spring, 2-5-pressure bar channel B, 2-6-particle channel B, 2-7-slide block; 3-1-plastic joint, 3-2-metal tube, 3-3-oblique section B, 3-4-mesh; 4-1-flat buckle, 4-2-oblique plane A.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
In order to realize the composite explosive forming process, the invention adopts a particle implantation device. Following the above technical solution, as shown in fig. 1, a particle implantation device comprises a cavity 1, a particle cassette 2, a catheter 3, a compression bar 4 and a rubber sleeve 5.
As shown in fig. 2-3, 1 conveying channel 1-1 is arranged in the cavity 1, and a concave track 1-2 is arranged at the bottom of the conveying channel 1-1; the upper end of the communicating conveying channel 1-1 is provided with a pressure bar channel A1-3, the lower end of the communicating conveying channel 1-1 is provided with a particle channel A1-4, the lower end of the cavity 1 is fixed with a buckle 1-5, and the lower end of the particle channel A1-4 extends into the buckle 1-5; the bottom of the cavity 1 is provided with two convex linking ports A1-6, and the side surface is provided with a convex linking port B1-7; the chain interfaces A1-6 and the chain interfaces B1-7 are used for being linked with explosive curing, molding or vacuum processing equipment, and when the device is used, the whole three-dimensional movement of the device is realized through the fixation of the chain interfaces A1-6 and the chain interfaces B1-7.
As shown in fig. 4, the particle cassette 2 comprises a particle track 2-1, a preset particle 2-2, a slide bar 2-3 and a spring 2-4; the preset particles 2-2, the sliding rods 2-3 and the springs 2-4 can slide in the particle rails 2-1; the particle track 2-1 is vertically communicated with the pressure rod channel B2-5 upwards and vertically communicated with the particle channel B2-6 downwards; the bottom of the particle box 2 is provided with a convex slide block 2-7.
As shown in fig. 5, the guide tube 3 comprises a metal tube 3-2 and a plastic joint 3-1, wherein the joint 3-1 is arranged at the top of the metal tube 3-2, the bottom end of the metal tube 3-2 is processed into a chamfer plane B3-3, and the chamfer angle is 30 degrees. The surface of the pressure lever 4 is smooth, the top of the pressure lever is provided with a flat buckle 4-1, the bottom end of the pressure lever 4 is processed into an oblique tangent plane A4-2, and the cutting angle is 30 degrees. The rubber sleeve 5 is half of the length of the metal pipe 3-2, is sleeved on the outer surface of the metal pipe and is positioned below the joint 3-1.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the inner diameters of the pressure lever channel A1-3, the pressure lever channel B2-5, the particle channel B2-6, the particle channel A1-4 and the conduit 3 are consistent and coaxial; the pressure lever 4 can sequentially pass through the pressure lever channel A1-3, the pressure lever channel B2-5, the particle channel B2-6 and the particle channel A1-4 from top to bottom and enter the metal pipe 3 of the guide pipe 3; the oblique cutting plane A4-2 of the pressure lever 4 is flush with the oblique cutting plane B3-3 of the conduit 3; the catheter 3 is buckled and fixed with a buckle 1-5 in the cavity 1 through a joint 3-1; the rubber sleeve 5 is wrapped on the metal pipe 3-2 and can slide on the metal pipe 3-2.
In the explosive particle assembly forming device, the rubber sleeve 5 is made of silicon rubber which has good elasticity and excellent air tightness and does not react with a polyurethane-based binder in the explosive; the 1/2 part under the metal pipe 3-2 is provided with at least one row of meshes 3-4 with the diameter of 0.1 mm-0.3 mm.
The invention discloses a composite explosive forming process implemented by using a particle implantation device, which comprises the following steps:
step one, determining implantation time: obtaining the reaction conversion rate of the active component of the curing agent in the curing reaction of the pouring system, and analyzing the curing time corresponding to 75% and 85% of the conversion rate, which are t1 and t2 respectively;
in the invention, preferably, the reaction conversion rate of the active component of the curing agent in the curing reaction of the pouring system is obtained by measuring Fourier infrared spectrums of drug pastes with different curing time through experiments, or obtained by calculating through Materials studio software or through literature reference.
Step two, preparing implant particles: preparing explosive implanted particles with required size by adopting a molding powder pressing process or a machining process;
step three, preparing a matrix: kneading the prepolymer and the explosive filler at high temperature, adding a curing agent, and starting timing; continuously kneading for a period of time, performing vacuum casting molding, preparing a casting explosive matrix, and curing;
step four, implanting particles: when the curing time is longer than t1 and shorter than t2, implanting the explosive particles designed in the step two into the specified position in the cured cast explosive matrix in the step three under the vacuum condition, and the specific process is as follows: inserting a catheter of the particle implantation device into a specified position of the charge blank sample; slowly moving a rubber sleeve in the particle implantation device downwards to cover the exposed and leaked meshes on the metal tube; pulling out the pressure lever upwards; placing the particles into a particle box according to a certain sequence, inserting the particle box into a particle implantation device, and enabling the particles in the particle box to enter a particle channel of the particle implantation device in sequence; pushing the pressure rod, implanting the particles in the particle channel into the explosive designated position through the guide pipe, and separating the particle implantation device from the explosive;
in the present invention, it is preferable that the implanted particle has a diameter of 1.5mm or less.
Step five, orderly assembling particles: controlling the particle implantation device to move through the pouring and curing equipment, translating for a certain distance along the horizontal direction each time, repeating the step four, implanting particles in the next row, and completing the assembly of prefabricated particles in the preset row number; keeping the vacuum condition for not less than 10min, and discharging the vacuum to form a composite explosive blank sample;
in the present invention, it is preferable that the row spacing is not less than 4mm when the implanted particle diameter is not more than 0.5mm, and the row spacing is not less than 8mm when the implanted particle diameter is more than 0.5mm and less than 1.0 mm; when the diameter of the implanted particles is more than or equal to 1.0mm, the row spacing is more than 10 times the particle diameter.
Step six, high-temperature curing: and (3) placing the composite explosive blank sample into an oven, and curing at high temperature until the explosive reaches the mechanical strength required by use.
The composite explosive forming process provided by the invention is explained in detail by specific examples.
Example 1
In the embodiment 1 of the invention, a composite explosive forming process is adopted to form high-activity explosive particles ALH3The particles and Al particles are injected into the HMX-based casting explosive at intervals. Below isThe process of the invention is described according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Step one, determining implantation time:
(1) the formula of the matrix is as follows: the solid content of HMX is 86%, the prepolymer is hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene and dioctyl adipate, the curing agent is 2, 4-toluene diisocyanate, the proportion of the prepolymer and the curing agent is measured according to the curing parameter of 1, and the catalyst is triphenyl bismuth (the addition amount is 0.01% of the total amount).
(2) Measuring Fourier infrared spectrograms of the slurry with different curing times to obtain curing times with 75% conversion rate and 85% conversion rate of 7.5h and 36h respectively, and corresponding Shore hardnesses of 5HA and 40 HA;
step two, preparing implant particles: ALH3Adopts molding powder pressing process, and the formula is 95 percent ALH 35% of paraffin, and preparing molding powder by adopting a water suspension method; pressing into particles with diameter of 0.7mm and length of 1mm on a press; the Al particle formula is 95% AL/5% paraffin wax, and the particles with the same specification are prepared by adopting the same method for molding.
Step three, preparing a matrix:
(1) weighing explosive components according to the matrix formula in the step one; adding HMX, hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene and dioctyl adipate into a kneader, kneading for 100 minutes in vacuum at 60 ℃, adding a curing agent and a catalyst, and starting timing;
(2) continuing vacuum kneading for 15 minutes, and discharging;
(3) vacuum casting into explosive matrix with diameter of 100mm and height of 100mm, and curing at 60 deg.C;
step four, after 8 hours of adding the curing agent in the step three, cooling the cast explosive matrix to room temperature, and measuring the Shore hardness of 6 HA; placing the cast explosive matrix into a vacuum box, and implanting ALH under vacuum condition3Particles and Al particles, the outer diameter of the implanted particle device conduit inserted into the explosive matrix is 1.4 mm; inserting a catheter of the particle implantation device into a specified position of the charge blank sample; slowly moving a rubber sleeve in the particle implantation device downwards to cover the exposed and leaked meshes on the metal tube; pulling out the pressure lever upwards; spacing will ALH3The particles and Al particles are put in a particle box, and the particle box is inserted into a particle implantation deviceIn the method, particles in a particle box orderly enter a particle channel of a particle implantation device; pushing the pressure rod to implant the particles in the particle channel into the explosive matrix prepared in the third step after passing through the conduit, ALH3The particles and Al particles are distributed at intervals, and ALH is implanted into each column36 particles each of the particles and Al particles; separating the particle implantation device and the explosive;
step five, controlling the particle implantation device to move through the pouring and curing equipment, translating for 10mm in the horizontal direction each time, repeating the step four, implanting particles in the next row, and completing the assembly of 5 rows of prefabricated particles; maintaining the vacuum condition for 10min, and discharging the vacuum to form a composite explosive blank sample;
step six, high-temperature curing: and (3) placing the composite explosive blank sample into an oven, wherein the oven temperature is 60 ℃, and the high temperature is used for 6 days.
Example 2
In the embodiment 2 of the invention, a composite explosive forming process is adopted, and high-activity explosive particles AL particles are injected into an HMX-based cast explosive. The process of the invention is described below according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Step one, determining implantation time: reference is made to example 1;
step two, preparing implant particles: preparing molding powder from Al particles by a molding powder pressing process, wherein the formula is 95% of AL/5% of paraffin by a water suspension method; pressing into particles with diameter of 0.7mm and length of 1mm on a press;
step three, preparing a matrix: reference is made to example 1;
step four, after the curing agent is added in the step three for 24 hours, cooling the cast explosive matrix to room temperature, and measuring the Shore hardness of 18 HA; placing the cast explosive matrix into a vacuum box, and implanting Al particles under a vacuum condition; inserting a catheter of the particle implantation device into a specified position of the charge blank sample; slowly moving a rubber sleeve in the particle implantation device downwards to cover the exposed and leaked meshes on the metal tube; pulling out the pressure lever upwards; putting Al particles into a particle box, inserting the particle box into a particle implantation device, and enabling the particles in the particle box to orderly enter a particle channel of the particle implantation device; pushing the pressure rod, implanting the particles in the particle channel into the explosive matrix prepared in the third step after passing through the guide pipe, wherein the Al particles are distributed at intervals, 4 Al particles are implanted in each row, and the distance between every two Al particles is 10 mm; separating the particle implantation device and the explosive;
step five, controlling the particle implantation device to move through the pouring and curing equipment, translating for 10mm in the horizontal direction each time, repeating the step four, implanting particles in the next row, and completing the assembly of prefabricated particles in 4 rows; maintaining the vacuum condition for 20min, and discharging the vacuum to form a composite explosive blank sample;
step six, high-temperature curing: and (3) placing the composite explosive blank sample into an oven, wherein the oven temperature is 60 ℃, and the high temperature is used for 6 days.
The implementation effect of the invention is as follows:
the detection of the explosive is divided into DR detection and CT detection by adopting 600kV industrial CT, wherein reference example 1 does not adopt the scheme of 'step one' and 'step four' in the invention claim 1, the scheme is that a common implantation device is adopted to mechanically inject particles into explosive slurry, and other characteristics are consistent with the embodiment 1 of the invention; the particle injection time of reference example 2 was shorter than t1, the rest was the same as example 2, the particle injection time of reference example 3 was longer than t2, and the other characteristics were the same as example 2.
During CT detection, DR detection is firstly carried out to determine the position of the particles, and then radial CT scanning is carried out. The scanning results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 CT scan results plot
Through CT scanning detection, the technical scheme designed by the invention is effective, and the ordered assembly of millimeter-scale explosive component particles can be realized; the assembled explosive has no crack and bubble defects.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the invention and not for limiting the invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, so that all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A composite explosive forming process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, determining implantation time: obtaining the reaction conversion rate of the active component of the curing agent in the curing reaction of the pouring system, and analyzing the curing time corresponding to 75% and 85% of the conversion rate, which are t1 and t2 respectively;
step two, preparing implant particles: preparing explosive implanted particles with required size by adopting a molding powder pressing process or a machining process;
step three, preparing a matrix: kneading the prepolymer and the explosive filler at high temperature, adding a curing agent, and starting timing; continuously kneading for a period of time, performing vacuum casting molding, preparing a casting explosive matrix, and curing;
step four, implanting particles: when the curing time is longer than t1 and shorter than t2, implanting the explosive particles designed in the step two into the specified position in the cured cast explosive matrix in the step three under the vacuum condition, and the specific process is as follows: inserting a catheter of the particle implantation device into a specified position of the charge blank sample; slowly moving a rubber sleeve in the particle implantation device downwards to cover the mesh holes exposed on the catheter; pulling out the pressure lever upwards; placing the particles into a particle box according to a certain sequence, inserting the particle box into a particle implantation device, and enabling the particles in the particle box to enter a particle channel of the particle implantation device in sequence; pushing the pressure rod, implanting the particles in the particle channel into the explosive designated position through the guide pipe, and separating the particle implantation device from the explosive;
step five, orderly assembling particles: controlling the particle implantation device to move through the pouring and curing equipment, translating for a certain distance along the horizontal direction each time, repeating the step four, implanting particles in the next row, and completing the assembly of prefabricated particles in the preset row number; keeping the vacuum condition for not less than 10min, and discharging the vacuum to form a composite explosive blank sample;
step six, high-temperature curing: and (3) placing the composite explosive blank sample into an oven, and curing at high temperature until the explosive reaches the mechanical strength required by use.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: in the first step, the reaction conversion rate of the active component of the curing agent in the curing reaction of the pouring system is obtained by measuring Fourier infrared spectrums of the slurry with different curing time through tests, or is obtained by calculating through Materials studio software.
3. The process of claim 2, wherein the step of forming the composite explosive comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, the diameter of the catheter of the particle implantation device is not more than 2mm, and the diameter of the implanted particles is not more than 1.5 mm.
4. A process for the formation of a composite explosive according to claim 3 wherein: when the diameter of the implanted particles is less than or equal to 0.5mm, the row spacing is not less than 4mm, and when the diameter of the implanted particles is more than 0.5mm and less than 1.0mm, the row spacing is not less than 8 mm; when the diameter of the implanted particles is more than or equal to 1.0mm, the row spacing is more than 10 times the particle diameter.
5. The process of claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, the particle implantation device comprises a cavity (1), a particle box (2), a catheter (3), a pressure rod (4) and a rubber sleeve (5); wherein:
the cavity (1) is internally provided with 1 conveying channel (1-1), and the bottom of the conveying channel (1-1) is provided with a sunken track (1-2); the upper end of the conveying channel (1-1) is communicated with a pressure rod channel A (1-3), the lower end of the conveying channel (1-1) is communicated with a particle channel A (1-4), and the lower end of the particle channel A (1-4) extends into the buckle (1-5); the bottom of the cavity (1) is provided with two convex linking ports A (1-6), and the side surface is provided with a convex linking port B (1-7); the chain interface A (1-6) and the chain interface B (1-7) are used for being connected with explosive curing, molding or vacuum processing equipment, and when the device is used, the whole three-dimensional motion of the device is realized through the fixation of the chain interface A (1-6) and the chain interface B (1-7);
the particle box (2) is fixedly arranged in the conveying channel (1-1); the particle box (2) comprises a particle rail (2-1), preset particles (2-2), a sliding rod (2-3) and a spring (2-4); the preset particles (2-2), the sliding rod (2-3) and the spring (2-4) are positioned in the particle rail (2-1), and the sliding rod (2-3) drives the preset particles (2-2) to slide in the particle rail (2-1) under the prestress action of the spring (2-4); one end of the particle rail (2-1) is vertically communicated with the pressure rod channel B (2-5) upwards and is vertically communicated with the particle channel B (2-6) downwards; the pressure rod channel B (2-5), the particle channel B (2-6), the particle channel A (1-4) and the conduit (3) are coaxial;
the upper end of the conduit (3) is communicated with a particle channel A (1-4) in the cavity (1); the lower 1/2 part of the conduit (3) is provided with at least one row of meshes (3-4) with the diameter of 0.1 mm-0.3 mm;
the pressure lever (4) sequentially passes through the pressure lever channel A (1-3), the pressure lever channel B (2-5), the particle channel B (2-6) and the particle channel A (1-4) from top to bottom and enters the conduit (3);
the rubber sleeve (5) is wrapped on the conduit (3) and can slide on the conduit (3).
6. The process of claim 5, wherein the step of forming the composite explosive comprises the following steps: the inner diameters of the pressure lever channel A (1-3), the pressure lever channel B (2-5), the particle channel B (2-6), the particle channel A (1-4) and the conduit (3) are consistent and are not more than 2 mm.
7. The process of claim 5, wherein the step of forming the composite explosive comprises the following steps: a buckle (1-5) is fixed at the lower end of the cavity (1) and used for fixing the guide pipe (3), and a joint (3-1) is arranged at the top of the guide pipe (3); the guide pipe (3) is fixedly buckled with a buckle (1-5) at the lower end of the cavity (1) through a joint (3-1), and the guide pipe (3) is a metal pipe.
8. The process of claim 5, wherein the step of forming the composite explosive comprises the following steps: the particle box (2) is arranged at the bottom of the particle box and provided with a convex sliding block (2-7), and the particle box (2) is matched with a track at the bottom of the conveying channel (1-1) through the sliding block at the bottom to fix the particle box (2) on the conveying channel (1-1).
9. The process of claim 5, wherein the step of forming the composite explosive comprises the following steps: pipe (3) bottom process into an scarf B (3-3), the bottom of depression bar (4) also process into a scarf A (4-2), when depression bar (4) entering pipe (3), scarf A (4-2) of depression bar (4) and scarf B (3-3) parallel and level of pipe (3), the corner cut of scarf A (4-2) and scarf B (3-3) all is 10 ~ 30 degrees.
10. The process of claim 5, wherein the step of forming the composite explosive comprises the following steps: the rubber sleeve (5) is made of silicon rubber, and the length of the rubber sleeve is half of that of the conduit (3).
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| DE2460128A1 (en) * | 1974-12-19 | 1976-06-24 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Thermite firing system of stable-shaped pyrotechnic mixt - contg oxygen source, light metal (alloy) and silicon, silicide or boron |
| JPH01502289A (en) * | 1986-11-28 | 1989-08-10 | ロイアル・オードナンス・ピー・エル・シー | Tubular projectile, structural part for firing the same, method for manufacturing the projectile and flexible sleeve incorporated in the projectile |
| US6508177B1 (en) * | 1999-09-13 | 2003-01-21 | The Ensign-Bickford Company | Explosives with embedded bodies |
| CN101125786A (en) * | 2007-08-06 | 2008-02-20 | 季岩 | Low voltage fusee powder |
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