CN111453975B - Flexible glass forming method and forming device - Google Patents
Flexible glass forming method and forming device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111453975B CN111453975B CN202010351556.0A CN202010351556A CN111453975B CN 111453975 B CN111453975 B CN 111453975B CN 202010351556 A CN202010351556 A CN 202010351556A CN 111453975 B CN111453975 B CN 111453975B
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B15/00—Drawing glass upwardly from the melt
- C03B15/14—Drawing tubes, cylinders, or rods from the melt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B33/00—Severing cooled glass
- C03B33/08—Severing cooled glass by fusing, i.e. by melting through the glass
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- C03B33/0855—Tubes, rods or hollow products using a focussed radiation beam, e.g. laser
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flexible glass forming method and a forming device, comprising the following steps: the molten glass flows out from the annular gap and forms a ring shape under the action of stretching traction and gas expansionA glass melt; sequentially passing the circular glass melt through four process areas to prepare a glass tube with the thickness of less than 100 mu m; wherein, the four process areas are an area A, an area B, an area C and an area D from high temperature to low temperature in sequence, and the glass viscosity range of the area A is 104.3～105.5Viscosity of glass in B region is 105.5～107.5Viscosity of glass in region C is in the range of 107.5～1012.0Viscosity of glass in region D is 1012.0～1014.5Poise; and transversely cutting and longitudinally splitting the formed glass tube, and unfolding to form the flexible glass. The invention can realize that the width of the plate surface of the flexible glass is more than 1.1m, the plate surface of the glass is flat and not curled, the utilization rate of the glass liquid reaches more than 90%, the surface roughness is less than 0.20 mu m, the thickness difference is less than 1.5 mu m, the plate surface flatness is more excellent, and the application of information display products can be better met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flexible glass, in particular to a forming method and a forming device of flexible glass.
Background
With the development of electronic information display products in the directions of light weight, thinness, large size, flexibility, high resolution and high contrast, under the traction action of the requirements, electronic glass also develops in the directions of light weight, thinness, large size and flexibility; when the thickness of the glass reaches 0.1mm (100 μm) or less, the glass will exhibit excellent flexibility, and thus flexible glass has come to be produced.
The flexible glass completely changes the storage mode of the prior flat glass, can meet the requirement of a bending and winding mode, and realizes a roll-to-roll (R to R) process technology in the aspect of processing and use. Technologists propose many application scenarios for flexible glass, including flexible displays, flexible photovoltaic products, wearable products, roll-to-roll capacitors, and the like.
Flexible glass has entered into the primary stage of industrialization, in which technologies development and industrial production attempts have been made in flexible glass by corning, asahi glass, japan electric glass and german schottky. In recent years, the four companies mentioned above have made certain breakthroughs and advances in the thickness of flexible glass, and have successively released a plurality of flexible ultrathin glass products, such as:
1. the 2012 corning company introduced ultra-thin flexible Glass named Willow Glass at boston international counseling display society, with a thickness of 100 μm;
2. "SPOOL" flexible glass, which is 40 μm thick, 1150mm wide and 100m long and can be rolled up in rolls, was manufactured by the float process in Asahi glass Co., Japan, 2014, and is a soda-lime silicate composition;
3. the flexible glass technology of Japan electric glass company masters two technologies of a reintroduction method and an overflow pull-down method, the research of the flexible glass technology of the company is very early, a glass belt sample with the thickness of 10 mu m is prepared in a laboratory in 2009, and a G-Leaf product is newly pushed out by FPD China exhibition in 2014, the plate thickness is 35 mu m, and the G-Leaf product has quite good flexibility;
4. german Schottky corporation Flexible glass products have
eco、
Teco and AS87eco, and the thickness of the product is 35-75 μm.
At present, the production method of the flexible glass mainly comprises an overflow method, a float method, a slit downdraw method, a redraw method, a chemical thinning method and the like; wherein, the overflow method, the float method and the slit down-draw method are primary forming methods, the secondary drawing method and the chemical thinning method belong to a secondary forming method, and the secondary forming method is to carry out thinning or thinning processing again on the basis of the plate glass produced by the primary forming method.
However, the yield and production efficiency of the flexible glass produced by the primary forming method and the secondary forming method are not high, the existing primary forming method is greatly influenced by the surface tension of glass melt, and the flexible glass is difficult to prepare by forming; the existing secondary forming method basically has the defects of low surface processing quality, high environmental pollution risk of hydrofluoric acid waste liquid, increased breakage rate caused by processing and the like.
The surface tension of the glass melt is a force per unit length acting on the surface of the glass melt, and is, for example: the surface tension of the soda-lime glass melt is about 330mN/m, and the surface tension of the alkali-aluminosilicate glass melt is about 350-400 mN/m. The self-leveling equilibrium thickness of most glass melts is about 7mm, so that the glass melts become flexible glass with the thickness less than 0.1mm, and the thickness ratio reaches more than 70 times, so that the flexible glass forming must overcome the retraction effect of the surface tension of the glass melts; for the production of ultra-thin flat glass sheets with a thickness of 0.2-1.1mm by one-step forming methods such as overflow method, float method, slot down-draw method, etc., it is necessary to apply longitudinal stretching and transverse stretching effects to the glass melt or molten glass ribbon, and if only longitudinal stretching (consistent with the advancing direction of the glass ribbon) is applied, the molten glass ribbon will generate significant transverse retraction effect, so that the molten glass ribbon is gathered from both sides to the center, resulting in the width of the face of the formed glass ribbon being only 1/2 of the width of the original glass melt, even smaller, as shown in fig. 9-23 and 9-24 on page 340 of new glass-weaving technology. The thickness distribution along the width direction of the plate surface is extremely uneven, the thickness of the two sides is larger, the thickness of the center of the plate surface is smaller, the thickness of the edge part is almost about 3 times of the thickness of the center of the plate surface, and the plate edge occupies a large amount of glass with unqualified thickness, as shown in figure 1.
For one-step forming methods such as an overflow method, a float method, a slit down-draw method and the like, in order to overcome the influence of the surface tension retraction effect of a glass melt on a glass plate surface during flat plate forming, a transverse stretching effect must be applied to a glass strip formed by the glass melt, a common mechanical device is an edge roller or a pair-roller clamping mechanism, for producing ultrathin glass with the thickness of 0.2-0.4 mm, 20 pairs of transverse edge rollers are needed for a float process, and 2-4 pairs of transverse edge rollers or pair-roller clamping mechanisms are also needed for the overflow method and the slit down-draw method.
The difficulty of producing flexible glass with the thickness of less than 100 mu m by adopting a one-step forming method such as an overflow method, a float method, a slit downdraw method and the like is conceivable, although the overflow method, the float method and the slit downdraw method have small-batch production, the comprehensive utilization rate of glass melt (liquid) is less than 20 percent, most of glass plate edges are thickened into invalid unqualified products due to the surface tension of the glass melt, and only the center of the plate surface is a qualified flexible glass product, which is shown in figure 1.
At present, the width of the reported high-quality flexible glass plate is less than 1 meter, the production of the flexible glass with large-size width can not be realized, the surface roughness of the existing flexible glass product is more than 0.5 mu m, the thickness difference reaches 2-5 mu m, the flatness of the plate surface is greatly insufficient, and the application of the flexible glass plate in the information display industry and the photoelectric industry is greatly limited and restricted.
Based on the analysis of the prior art, the flexible glass is a new glass variety with good application prospect, and has application possibility in many fields. However, the existing one-step forming method for producing flexible glass has the problems of low utilization efficiency of glass melt (liquid), poor uniformity of plate surface thickness, poor surface flatness and the like; however, the secondary forming method has more serious problems in terms of yield, quality, environmental protection, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a forming method and a forming device for flexible glass, and the problems of restricting the production efficiency of the flexible glass, the appearance quality of products, the utilization rate of molten glass and the like can be solved based on the forming method and the forming device.
The invention discloses a flexible glass forming method, which comprises the following steps:
enabling the molten glass to flow out of the annular gap, and forming a circular glass melt under the action of stretching traction and gas expansion;
sequentially passing the circular glass melt through four process areas to prepare a glass tube with the thickness of less than 100 mu m; wherein the four process areas are an area A, an area B, an area C and an area D from high temperature to low temperature in sequence, and the glass viscosity range of the area A is 104.3～105.5Viscosity of glass in B region is 105.5～107.5Viscosity of glass in region C is 107.5～1012.0Viscosity of glass in region D is 1012.0～1014.5Poise;
and transversely cutting and longitudinally splitting the glass tube, and unfolding to form the flexible glass.
As a further improvement of the invention, the width of the annular seam is 2-16 mm, and the drawing speed of the drawing is 20-100 mm/s;
the gas expansion is to introduce heating gas into the middle part of the circular ring-shaped glass melt, wherein the relative gauge pressure of the heating gas is 100-300 Pa, and the flow rate is 1-3 m3The temperature is 400-800 ℃, and the temperature difference between the temperature of the heating gas and the temperature of the area A or the area B is less than 400 ℃.
As a further improvement of the invention, the diameter of the glass tube is 350-600 mm, and the length ratio of the A area, the B area, the C area and the D area is (5-8): (10-12): (20-25): (55-65).
The invention also discloses a flexible glass forming device, comprising:
the gas supply system is used for supplying heating gas;
the molten glass storage and supply system comprises a feeder and a conical material basin, wherein the feeder guides molten glass into the conical material basin;
the glass forming system comprises an air blowing pipe, a double cone and a conical furnace with a heating function, wherein the double cone is arranged in the conical material basin and matched with the conical material basin to form an annular seam, and glass liquid in the conical material basin flows out of the annular seam to form a circular glass melt; the gas blowing pipe penetrates through the double cones, and the heating gas is introduced into the middle of the circular glass melt; the upper part of the conical furnace is arranged at the outer side of the conical material basin, and the lower part of the conical furnace is provided with four process areas for the circular glass melt to sequentially pass through below the annular gap;
the glass stretching system is used for drawing the circular glass melt to move downwards so that the circular glass melt sequentially passes through four process areas to prepare a glass tube with the thickness of less than 100 mu m;
and the glass cutting system is used for transversely cutting off and longitudinally splitting the glass tube, and forming the flexible glass after unfolding.
As a further improvement of the invention, the gas supply system comprises a gas source, a heater, a buffer tank, a voltage stabilizer, a flow meter and a regulator which are connected in sequence;
the regulator is connected with the air blowing pipe.
As a further improvement of the invention, the conical material basin is of a conical structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, and a liquid level meter for monitoring the depth of the molten glass is arranged in the conical material basin.
As a further improvement of the invention, a protective pipe is sleeved on the air blowing pipe;
the double cones are connected with an adjusting mechanism, and the double cones move back and forth and left and right through the adjusting mechanism so as to adjust the width of the annular gap;
the conical furnace is of a conical structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, and a heating element and a thermocouple are arranged on the conical furnace.
As a further refinement of the present invention, the glass forming system further comprises a horizontal reciprocating rotary mechanism;
the horizontal reciprocating rotary mechanism comprises a transmission gear ring, a driving wheel and a furnace bottom, the furnace bottom supports the conical furnace, and the driving wheel is connected with the conical furnace through the transmission gear ring and drives the conical furnace to horizontally reciprocate for more than 180 degrees.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the glass drawing system comprises an elevator, a traction arm and a clamping mechanism for clamping the glass tube; the lifter is connected with the clamping mechanism through the traction arm to drive the clamping mechanism to move up and down; the clamping mechanism is an open annular fork formed by two arc-shaped frames, and elastic bodies are attached to the arc-shaped frames.
As a further improvement of the invention, the glass cutting system comprises a laser cutting machine and a spiral track;
the laser cutting machine advances or retreats at a constant speed along the spiral track to realize transverse cutting and truncation of the glass tube.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the flexible glass forming method and the forming device can realize that the width of the surface of the flexible glass is more than 1.1m, even close to 1.9 m, and the surface of the glass is flat and does not curl.
2. The flexible glass forming method and the forming device can realize that the utilization rate of the molten glass reaches more than 90 percent and is far more than 20 percent of the utilization rate of the molten glass of the existing one-step forming method;
3. the flexible glass forming method and the forming device can realize that the surface roughness is less than 0.20 mu m, the thickness difference is less than 1.5 mu m, the flatness of the plate surface is more excellent, and the application of information display products can be better met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a glass sheet in a conventional one-shot forming method;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of forming flexible glass according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a frame diagram of a flexible glass forming apparatus according to one embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a flexible glass forming apparatus according to one embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the clamping mechanism of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a glass tube longitudinally split and unfolded into flexible glasses according to an embodiment of the present invention; wherein, a is the longitudinal split of the glass tube, and b is the flexible glass which is unfolded into a flat plate.
In the figure:
10. an air supply system; 11. a gas source; 12. a heater; 13. a buffer tank; 14. a voltage regulator; 15. a flow meter; 16. a regulator;
20. a molten glass storage and supply system; 21. a feeder; 22. a liquid level gauge; 23. a conical bowl;
30. a glass forming system; 31. an air blowing pipe; 32. protecting the tube; 33. a bicone; 34. a conical furnace; 35. a heating element; 36. a thermocouple; 37. forming a circular seam; 38. a horizontal reciprocating rotation mechanism; 381. a transmission gear ring; 382. a drive wheel; 383. a furnace bottom; 39. an adjustment mechanism; 310. a spacer block;
40. a glass drawing system; 41. an elevator; 42. a trailing arm; 43. a clamping mechanism; 431. an arc frame; 432. an elastomer; 44. a connecting handle;
50. a glass cutting system; 51. a laser cutting machine; 52. a spiral track;
60. a gate frame;
A. glass liquid; B. a glass tube.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
as shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides a method of forming flexible glass comprising:
s1, enabling the molten glass to flow out of the annular gap, and forming a circular glass melt under the action of drawing and gas expansion; wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
the thickness of the annular gap is 2-16 mm, preferably 3-12 mm, and further preferably 4-8 mm;
the drawing traction is to draw the circular glass melt flowing out from the circular seam downwards below the circular glass melt through a glass drawing system, and the drawing traction speed is 20-100 mm/s;
the gas expansion is to introduce heating gas into the middle part of the circular glass melt, the relative gauge pressure (exceeding the local atmospheric pressure value) of the heating gas is 100-300 Pa, and the flow rate of the heating gas is 1-3 m3S; the temperature of the heating gas is 400-800 ℃, the selection of the temperature is closely related to the glass temperature corresponding to the viscosity of the area A and the area B of the forming process area, the glass temperature required by the area A and the area B is relatively high, the provided heating gas is also high, the temperature difference between the area A and the area B is less than 400 ℃, more preferably less than 200 ℃, and most preferably less than 20 ℃.
S2, sequentially passing the circular glass melt through four process areas to prepare a glass tube with the thickness less than 100 mu m; wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
the four process areas are an area A, an area B, an area C and an area D from high temperature to low temperature in sequence, and the functional functions of the area A, the area B, the area C and the area D are polishing, stretching, shaping and annealing in sequence; the glass viscosity range of the A region is 104.3～105.5Viscosity of glass in B region is 105.5～107.5Viscosity of glass in region C is 107.5～1012.0Viscosity of glass in region D is 1012.0～1014.5Poise; each of the above-mentioned regionsThe glass viscosity range of (a) is a key process for converting a round glass melt into a glass tube having a thickness of less than 100 μm;
the length ratio of the area A, the area B, the area C and the area D is (5-8): (10-12): (20-25): (55-65), and the diameter of the glass tube is 350-600 mm.
And S3, transversely cutting and longitudinally splitting the glass tube, and unfolding to form the flat flexible glass.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in order to implement the above-mentioned flexible glass forming method, the present invention provides a flexible glass forming apparatus, wherein the flexible glass production process implemented by the flexible glass forming apparatus is a vertical process layout, and is distributed from top to bottom; the glass forming and cutting device comprises a gas supply system 10, a molten glass storage and supply system 20, a glass forming system 30, a glass stretching system 40 and a glass cutting system 50, wherein the molten glass storage and supply system 20, the glass forming system 30, the glass stretching system 40 and the glass cutting system 50 are distributed from top to bottom and are arranged on a portal frame 60; specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the gas supply system 10 of the present invention is used to provide heated gas into the doughnut-shaped glass melt; the relative gauge pressure (exceeding the local atmospheric pressure value) of the heated gas is 100-300 Pa, and the flow rate of the heated gas is 1-3 m3S; the temperature of the heating gas is 400-800 ℃, the selection of the temperature is closely related to the glass temperature corresponding to the viscosity of the area A and the area B of the forming process area, the glass temperature required by the area A and the area B is high, the provided heating gas is also high, the temperature difference between the area A and the area B is less than 400 ℃, more preferably less than 200 ℃, and most preferably less than 20 ℃. The function of the heating gas has two points: firstly, providing a gas expansion effect, forming a glass tube prototype, applying the same pressure effect on the circumference of the glass tube prototype, expanding the glass tube to be round, and simultaneously reducing radial shrinkage caused by the surface tension of a glass melt of the glass tube prototype; secondly, the heated gas can reduce the energy absorption of the glass melt flowing out of the annular gap, the rapid hardening of the viscosity of the glass liquid is avoided, if the glass melt is rapidly hardened, the forming process requirements of a critical area A, a critical area B, a critical area C and a critical area D cannot be smoothly finished, and finally high-quality flexible glass with the thickness less than 100 mu m cannot be realized, and the key point is to solve the problem of prolonging the glass into high-quality flexible glassAnd the forming time is prolonged, the thinning time is prolonged, the hardening of the glass melt is slowed down, and the thickness of the glass melt is gradually thinned.
In order to realize the functions, the gas supply system 10 comprises a gas source 11, a heater 12, a buffer tank 13, a voltage stabilizer 14, a flow meter 15 and a regulator 16 which are connected in sequence, wherein heated gas passing through the regulator 16 is introduced into the middle of the circular glass melt through a gas blow pipe 31; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the gas source 11 includes, but is not limited to, a pressure vessel for providing cold gas, a blower, and valves disposed on the outlet pipe of the pressure vessel and the outlet pipe of the blower, the pressure of the cold gas in the pressure vessel is not less than 10KPa, and the flow rate of the cold gas is not less than 3000m3H; the gas is preferably air, nitrogen, oxygen, argon or helium, and more preferably nitrogen, oxygen or argon.
The heater 12 is used for heating the cold gas provided by the gas source 11, including but not limited to direct heat exchange or indirect heat exchange, so that the cold gas of the gas source is changed into the heated gas, and the temperature of the heated gas is preferably 400-800 ℃.
The pressure stabilizer 14 is used for realizing pressure stability and accurate pressure regulation of the conveyed heating gas, controlling the relative gauge pressure of the heating gas within 100-300 Pa, and controlling the pressure fluctuation to be less than 10 Pa.
The flow meter 15 is used to measure the flow rate of the heated gas.
The regulator 16 is used to regulate and control the flow of heated gas, which forms a closed loop control with the flow meter 15. Meet the production requirements of glass tubes with different diameters and different thicknesses.
The molten glass storage and supply system 20 of the present invention is used for supplying molten glass required for preparing a glass tube B, and comprises a feeder 21, a level gauge 22 and a cone-shaped bowl 23; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the feeder 21 is used for feeding the qualified glass liquid A into the conical material basin 23, the feeder 21 is preferably in a platinum pipeline structure form, and the flow control range is 1-3 kg/min.
The liquid level gauge 22 is used for monitoring the height of the molten glass in the conical material basin 23, the liquid level gauge is preferably a commercially available photoelectric sensor, and the liquid level detection precision reaches 1 mm. The closed-loop control between the feeder 21 and the liquid level gauge 22 realizes the highly stable control of the molten glass.
The conical material basin 23 is used for containing glass liquid, the depth (short for glass liquid depth) from the glass liquid level to the bottom of the conical material basin is preferably 400-600 mm, the depth (namely the distance between the upper plane of the material basin and the bottom plane) of the conical material basin 23 is 50-100 mm greater than the glass liquid depth, and the greater glass liquid depth can effectively reduce or reduce pressure fluctuation caused by glass height fluctuation, so that the change of the glass liquid flow of the annular gap is influenced.
The glass forming system 30 of the invention comprises an air blowing pipe 31, a protective pipe 32, a double cone 33, a conical furnace 34, a heating element 35, a thermocouple 36, a forming circular seam 37, a horizontal reciprocating rotary mechanism 38, a transmission gear ring 381, a driving wheel 382, a furnace bottom 383, an adjusting mechanism 39 and a spacing block 310; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the gas blowing pipe 31 conveys the heated gas passing through the gas source 11, the heater 12, the buffer box 13, the voltage stabilizer 14, the flow meter 15 and the regulator 16 to the center of the glass pipe, maintains the pressure inside the glass pipe to be larger than the atmospheric pressure outside the glass pipe, forms an expansion effect inside the glass pipe, reduces and reduces the phenomenon that the diameter of the rudiment glass pipe is quickly shrunk below the forming circular seam 37, obtains the glass pipe with a larger diameter, and is finally beneficial to obtaining the flexible glass with a larger size. The lower end of the gas blowing pipe 31 is a hollow pipe with a trumpet-shaped expansion opening, the material is preferably 310S stainless steel, and the inner diameter is preferably 16-30 mm; the bell mouth diameter is greater than 50% of annular gap diameter more than, the pressure that the bell mouth expansion mouth can reduce the heated gas that causes because of gaseous sudden expansion drops suddenly, the inner wall of the rudiment glass pipe produces air current turbulence and disorder in annular gap department, destroy the stratosphere of rudiment glass pipe internal face, increase the heat exchange rate between heated gas and the glass fuse-element, and still can cause the heat absorption inequality because of air current turbulence and disorder, and then influence rudiment glass fuse-element and be different at circumferencial direction's hardening rate, finally cause the thickness homogeneity variation of glass pipe, the inhomogeneous final succession of glass pipe thickness transmits for flexible glass.
The protection tube 32 is used for protecting the blowing tube 31, and the protection tube 32 is sleeved outside the blowing tube 31 and is positioned above the double cones 33, preferably a corundum tube.
The biconical body 33 is preferably made of a metal material, a non-metal material, or a composite of a metal and a non-metal, and more preferably made of platinum-rhodium alloy, platinum-molybdenum clad, 310S stainless steel, zirconite, corundum, or high zirconium. The double cone 33 is formed by combining two truncated cones with the same bottom surface and is provided with a central hole, and the central hole is used for the air blowing pipe 31 to pass through; the double cones 33 and the conical feed basin 23 are coaxially arranged, a gap is formed between the outer surface of the lower half portion of each double cone 33 and the inner surface of the conical feed basin 23, the gap is a circular seam which gradually decreases from top to bottom, and a spacing block 310 is arranged at the circular seam, so that a forming circular seam 37 is formed at the lowest end, the flowing resistance of molten glass is reduced, and the flow uniformity of the molten glass before forming can be adjusted. The size of the annular gap is controlled and adjusted by an adjusting mechanism 39, the adjusting mechanism 39 is connected with the double cones 33, and the size of the annular gap can be changed by lifting or descending the double cones 33; the adjusting mechanism 39 will change the uniformity of the annular gap by moving back and forth and left and right; wherein, the thickness size of annular gap is 2 ~ 16mm, preferably 3 ~ 12mm, more preferably 4 ~ 8 mm.
The conical furnace 34 guarantees an area A, an area B, an area C and an area D of the glass tube forming process, and the functional functions of the area A, the area B, the area C and the area D are polishing, stretching, shaping and annealing in sequence; the glass viscosity in zone A is in the range of 104.3～105.5Viscosity of glass in B region is 105.5～107.5Viscosity of glass in region C is in the range of 107.5～1012.0Viscosity of glass in region D is 1012.0～1014.5Poise; the glass viscosity range of each zone is a key process for converting a round glass body into a glass tube with the thickness of less than 100 mu m; the length ratio of the area A, the area B, the area C and the area D is (5-8): (10-12): (20-25): (55-65).
The conical furnace 34 has a conical structure with a large top and a small bottom, the interior of the furnace is a cavity, the shape of the cavity is similar to the combined shape of the conical material basin 23 and the glass tube B, and the optimal gap size range of the cavity and the conical material basin 23 and the glass tube B is uniform within 100-200 mm, so that the circumferential uniformity of the glass liquid and the glass tube is maintained. The inner wall of conical furnace 34 has inlayed heating member 35, and heating member 35 can prefer the molybdenum filament of diameter 2 ~ 4mm or the winding of iron chromium aluminium niobium wire sold on the market for helical structure, and the spiral diameter is 16 ~ 24mm, and the spiral interval is 3 ~ 6mm, can increase conical furnace inner surface heating power, and helical structure's heating member 35 is along conical furnace inner wall horizontal layout, interval 30 ~ 50 mm. Further, the heating temperature of the conical furnace 34 is controlled to be 450-1350 ℃ by the heating element 35.
The conical furnace 34 can achieve a horizontal reciprocating rotation of more than 180 ° by the horizontal reciprocating rotation mechanism 38, which can promote temperature field uniformity in the circumferential direction of the glass tube. The horizontal reciprocating rotation mechanism 38 is realized by a transmission gear ring 381 at the outer side of the upper end of the conical furnace, a driving wheel 382 and a furnace bottom 383 together, the driving wheel 382 and the transmission gear ring 381 form gear engagement to drive the conical furnace 34 to rotate, and the furnace bottom 383 is used for bearing and assisting in rotating the conical furnace.
The thermocouples 36 are preferably S-shaped thermocouples, the temperature of 0-1600 ℃ can be measured, the number of the thermocouples is more than 10, the thermocouples are related to the temperature zone setting of the conical furnace from top to bottom and the closed-loop control of the heating element, and the fine management of the temperature field in the conical furnace is favorably realized.
The glass stretching system 40 is used for drawing the circular glass melt to move downwards, so that the circular glass melt sequentially passes through four process areas to prepare a glass tube B with the thickness of less than 100 mu m; in order to realize the functions, the glass stretching system 40 comprises an elevator 41, a traction arm 42 and a clamping mechanism 43 for clamping a glass tube, wherein the stretching and traction speed is preferably 20-100 mm/s; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the glass stretching system 40 is provided with 2 sets of glass stretching systems, the 2 sets of glass stretching systems 40 are symmetrically arranged by taking a glass tube as a center, the lifter 41 drives the traction arm 42 and the clamping mechanism 43 to move up and down, and the 2 sets of glass stretching systems 40 work alternately. As shown in fig. 5, the clamping mechanism 43 is a 210 ° open ring fork formed by two arc-shaped frames 431, an elastic body 432 is attached inside the arc-shaped frames 431, the elastic body 432 is a convex-concave alternate structure, and the elastic body is preferably a heat-resistant silica gel or a heat-resistant silica gel suction cup, and generates a good friction force when contacting with the glass tube and does not cause scratches on the glass surface. The arc frame 431 is provided with a connecting handle 44, and the connecting handle 44 is connected with the traction arm 42; the separating and combining actions of the clamping mechanism 43 can be controlled through the connecting handle 44, so that the glass tube can be loosened and clamped; the distance of separation of the connecting handles 44 is more than 100mm, so that the mechanical collision of the clamping mechanism when the 2 sets of glass tube stretching systems move up and down alternately can be effectively avoided.
The glass cutting system 50 of the present invention is used to transversely cut and longitudinally split a glass tube, and to form a flexible glass after being unfolded, as shown in fig. 6; in order to realize the above functions, the glass cutting system 50 of the present invention is mainly composed of a laser cutter 51 and a spiral track 52; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the spiral track 52 has a descending gradient of 150-300 mm, the laser cutting machine 51 advances at a constant speed or retreats at a constant speed along the spiral track 52, the circumferential angle of the spiral track 52 is larger than 360 degrees, and transverse cutting and cutting of the glass tube can be realized. When the glass tube is transversely cut and cut, the laser source of the laser cutting machine 51 is started, the laser cutting machine 51 advances along the spiral track 52 at a constant speed and is in a descending state, the constant speed of the laser cutting machine 51 advancing along the spiral track 52 is closely related to the speed of the glass stretching system, the circumference cutting line of the glass tube is ensured to be closed, the glass tube is cut off, and the cutting section is in a flat state. After the cutting is completed, the laser source is turned off, the laser cutting machine 51 retreats at a constant speed along the spiral track 52, is in a rising state, and returns to the initial position, and the constant speed retreating speed should preferably be greater than the advancing speed, so that a time guarantee is provided for resetting and adjusting the laser cutting machine 51.
Further, the laser source used by the laser cutting machine 51 is an ultraviolet picosecond pulse laser, the wavelength range is 325-352 nm, the preferred wavelength is 325nm, 343nm, 352nm and the like, and the preferred laser power is 20-50W.
As shown in fig. 6, the present invention longitudinally cuts the cut glass tube at a processing station using an ultraviolet picosecond pulse laser, as shown in a of fig. 6; after the cutting is completed, the glass tube is unfolded to form flat flexible glass, as shown in b of fig. 6; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the diameter of the glass tube B is preferably 350-600 mm; the design requirements are as follows: first, can satisfy the existing industryThe size and specification of the flexible glass are required, the glass tube with the specification is cut along the longitudinal direction, and the circumferential length of the unfolded glass tube reaches 1.1-1.9 meters; secondly, no curling effect will occur after the glass tube of the above-mentioned specification diameter is longitudinally cut and developed, for example, when the glass tube has a diameter of 350mm and a wall thickness of 100 μm (0.1mm), the difference between the inner and outer circumferences is 0.63mm, LOuter cover＝1099.63mm，LInner part1099mm, so that the circumference of the inner and outer surfaces differs by 0.057%, and 0.033% for a glass tube of the same thickness and diameter of 600mm, the flexible glass will have good flatness after deployment. Therefore, as the diameter of the glass tube is further increased, the difference in the outer circumferential length of the glass tube is smaller by a percentage, and the flatness is better.
Furthermore, the flexible glass prepared by the invention can be wound or laid flat and stacked, and the flexible glass is isolated by using spacing paper or other materials, so that the surface of the flexible glass is prevented from being scratched and polluted.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the flexible glass forming method and the forming device can realize that the width of the surface of the flexible glass is more than 1.1m, even close to 1.9 m, and the surface of the glass is flat and does not curl.
2. The flexible glass forming method and the forming device can realize that the utilization rate of the molten glass reaches more than 90 percent and is far more than 20 percent of the utilization rate of the molten glass of the existing one-step forming method;
3. the flexible glass forming method and the forming device can realize that the surface roughness is less than 0.20 mu m, the thickness difference is less than 1.5 mu m, the flatness of the plate surface is more excellent, and the application of information display products can be better met.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method of forming flexible glass, comprising:
enabling the molten glass to flow out of the annular gap, and forming a circular glass melt under the action of stretching traction and gas expansion; the width of the annular seam is 2-16 mm, and the stretching and drawing speed of stretching and drawing is 20-100 mm/s; the gas expansion is to introduce heating gas into the middle part of the circular ring-shaped glass melt, wherein the relative gauge pressure of the heating gas is 100-300 Pa, and the flow rate is 1-3 m3The temperature is 400-800 ℃ per second, and the temperature difference between the temperature of the heating gas and the temperature of the area A or the area B is less than 400 ℃;
sequentially passing the circular glass melt through four process areas to prepare a glass tube with the thickness of less than 100 mu m; wherein, the four process areas are an area A, an area B, an area C and an area D from high temperature to low temperature in sequence, and the glass viscosity range of the area A is 104.3～105.5Viscosity of glass in B region is 105.5～107.5Viscosity of glass in region C is 107.5～1012.0Viscosity of glass in region D is 1012.0～1014.5Poise; the diameter of the glass tube is 350-600 mm, and the length proportion of the area A, the area B, the area C and the area D is (5-8): (10-12): (20-25): (55-65);
and transversely cutting and longitudinally splitting the glass tube, and unfolding to form the flexible glass.
2. A flexible glass forming apparatus for implementing the flexible glass forming method of claim 1, comprising:
the gas supply system is used for supplying heating gas;
the molten glass storage and supply system comprises a feeder and a conical material basin, wherein the feeder guides molten glass into the conical material basin;
the glass forming system comprises an air blowing pipe, a double cone and a conical furnace with a heating function, wherein the double cone is arranged in the conical material basin and matched with the conical material basin to form an annular seam, and glass liquid in the conical material basin flows out of the annular seam to form a circular glass melt; the gas blowing pipe penetrates through the double cones, and the heating gas is introduced into the middle of the circular glass melt; the upper part of the conical furnace is arranged at the outer side of the conical material basin, and the lower part of the conical furnace is provided with four process areas for the circular glass melt to sequentially pass through below the annular gap;
the glass stretching system is used for drawing the circular glass melt to move downwards so that the circular glass melt sequentially passes through four process areas to prepare a glass tube with the thickness of less than 100 mu m;
and the glass cutting system is used for transversely cutting off and longitudinally splitting the glass tube, and forming flexible glass after unfolding.
3. The flexible glass forming apparatus of claim 2, wherein the gas supply system comprises a gas source, a heater, a buffer tank, a pressure stabilizer, a flow meter, and a regulator connected in series;
the regulator is connected with the air blowing pipe.
4. The flexible glass forming apparatus of claim 2, wherein the conical bowl is a large top and small bottom conical structure, and a level gauge is positioned within the conical bowl for monitoring the depth of the molten glass.
5. The flexible glass forming apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a protective tube is sleeved over the gas blow tube;
the double cones are connected with an adjusting mechanism, and the double cones move back and forth and left and right through the adjusting mechanism so as to adjust the width of the annular gap;
the conical furnace is of a conical structure with a large upper part and a small lower part, and is provided with a heating element and a thermocouple.
6. The flexible glass forming apparatus of claim 5, wherein the glass forming system further comprises a horizontal reciprocating rotary mechanism;
the horizontal reciprocating rotary mechanism comprises a transmission gear ring, a driving wheel and a furnace bottom, the furnace bottom supports the conical furnace, the driving wheel is connected with the conical furnace through the transmission gear ring and drives the conical furnace to realize horizontal reciprocating rotation larger than 180 degrees.
7. The flexible glass forming apparatus of claim 2, wherein the glass drawing system comprises an elevator, a draw arm, and a clamping mechanism for clamping the glass tube;
the lifter is connected with the clamping mechanism through the traction arm and drives the clamping mechanism to move up and down; the clamping mechanism is formed by two arc-shaped frames to form an opening annular fork, and an elastic body is attached to the arc-shaped frames.
8. The flexible glass forming apparatus of claim 2, wherein the glass cutting system comprises a laser cutter and a spiral track;
the laser cutting machine advances or retreats at a constant speed along the spiral track to realize transverse cutting and truncation of the glass tube.
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| CN112979146B (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2022-11-18 | 北京工业大学 | Method for preparing flexible glass by redraw method |
| CN113087366B (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2022-08-23 | 绵阳艾佳科技有限公司 | Gas expansion forming method for ultrathin glass |
| CN114656142B (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2024-04-09 | 彩虹显示器件股份有限公司 | Flexible glass and preparation method thereof |
| CN114956533B (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2023-10-03 | 河北省沙河玻璃技术研究院 | Preparation method and device for ultrathin flexible glass |
| CN114835384A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-02 | 蒋涛 | Flexible glass and preparation method thereof |
| CN114804594B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-23 | 武汉荣佳达光电科技有限公司 | Support plate glass forming device and forming method thereof |
| CN115677184B (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2024-04-09 | 四川超薄玻璃科技有限公司 | Ultrathin glass forming device and method |
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| DE102004018148B4 (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2007-06-14 | Schott Ag | Method and device for the continuous production of calibrated round or profiled glass tubes |
| CN101405333B (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2011-08-31 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | Flake glass filler and resin composition containing same |
| DE102008030115A1 (en) * | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-31 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method and device for producing a quartz glass cylinder |
| US9260337B2 (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2016-02-16 | Corning Incorporated | Methods and apparatus for free-shape cutting of flexible thin glass |
| CN108495825B (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2022-04-12 | 康宁股份有限公司 | Thermally stable glass tube forming apparatus and method |
| DE102017202762B4 (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2018-12-20 | Schott Ag | Process for producing a glass tube with a cross section deviating from a circular shape by forming and using the method |
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