CN111453793A - Thermal cracking treatment system and method for high-concentration COD organic waste liquid - Google Patents
Thermal cracking treatment system and method for high-concentration COD organic waste liquid Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/025—Thermal hydrolysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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Abstract
The invention relates to a thermal cracking treatment system and a thermal cracking treatment method for high-concentration COD organic waste liquid. The thermal cracking treatment method comprises the following steps: 1. the organic waste liquid enters a pretreatment system to remove large granular solids and toxic elements to the catalyst; 2. then enters a thermal cracking reactor after being preheated by a preheating system; 3. thermally cracking the organic waste liquid to generate steam and high-temperature mixed gas of organic volatile components, and feeding the steam and the high-temperature mixed gas into a gas-liquid separation system; 4. then the H is obtained after passing through a gas-liquid separation system and a gas purification system2And CO mixed gas, wherein part of the mixed gas enters a thermal cracking reaction system to be used as fuel gas, and part of the mixed gasHeat is supplied to the outside. The invention realizes resource treatment, is beneficial to saving energy, has no secondary pollution in the treatment process, and can discharge the waste gas and the waste water after reaching the standard.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an organic waste liquid treatment system and method, in particular to a thermal cracking treatment system and method for high-concentration COD organic waste liquid.
Background
The high-concentration COD organic waste liquid generally refers to waste liquid with the COD concentration of more than 100000 mg/L. in the production process of the industries of semiconductors, medicines and the like, a considerable amount of high-concentration COD organic waste liquid is generated, and if the waste liquid is not properly treated, the waste liquid not only wastes resources of organic solvents and organic raw materials, but also can cause irreversible pollution and damage to the ecological environment.
At present, organic waste liquid is treated by methods such as an oxidation method, a biological method or an incineration method, but various technologies have respective limitations: the oxidation method can not directly treat the high-concentration COD organic waste liquid, needs to dilute the waste liquid firstly, has high requirement on the high-pressure resistance of equipment and is easy to be poisoned by catalytic materials; the biological method has higher requirements on the pretreatment of the organic waste liquid and has long treatment time consumption; the incineration method has high energy consumption in the treatment process, and is easy to generate toxic waste gas such as dioxin and the like, thereby generating secondary pollution to the environment.
Therefore, how to overcome the defects of the existing high-concentration organic waste liquid treatment technology, which is efficient and convenient, and can reduce energy consumption without causing secondary pollution to treat the high-concentration COD organic waste liquid is a technical problem to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.
The COD concentration of organic waste liquid generated in the industries of semiconductors, pharmacy and the like is often more than hundreds of thousands of mg/L, but the current technology for directly treating the high-concentration COD organic waste liquid has defects, so that the development of a treatment technology which can directly and efficiently treat the high-concentration COD organic waste liquid, has low energy consumption and does not cause secondary pollution is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a thermal cracking treatment system and a thermal cracking treatment method for recycling high-concentration COD organic waste liquid, which can be used for directly treating the high-concentration COD organic waste liquid, have high treatment efficiency, can utilize byproducts generated in the treatment process as a heat source for reaction, can use redundant byproduct gas for power generation, realize recycling of the byproduct gas and generate economic benefits in the waste liquid treatment process.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a thermal cracking treatment system for high-concentration COD organic waste liquid comprises a waste liquid storage tank, a pretreatment system, a preheating system, a thermal cracking reaction system, a gas-liquid separation system, a gas purification system, a flue gas purification system and a wastewater treatment system; the waste liquid storage tank is connected with the pretreatment system, the pretreatment system is connected with a preheating system, and the preheating system is respectively connected with the thermal cracking reaction system and the flue gas purification system; the thermal cracking reaction system is respectively connected with a gas-liquid separation system and a gas purification system, and the gas-liquid separation system is respectively connected with the gas purification system and a wastewater treatment system; the gas purification system is connected with the wastewater treatment system;
the waste liquid storage tank is used for storing organic waste liquid; the pretreatment system is used for removing large-particle solids and S, F, Cl elements which are toxic to the catalyst in the organic waste liquid; the preheating system is used for preheating the organic waste liquid entering the preheating system; the thermal cracking reaction system is used for thermally cracking the preheated organic waste liquid to generate high-temperature mixed gas of steam and organic volatile components; the gas-liquid separation system is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on the high-temperature mixed gas; the gas purification system is used for purifying gas obtained after gas-liquid separation; the flue gas purification system is used for purifying the flue gas discharged by the preheating system; the wastewater treatment system is used for treating liquid obtained by the gas-liquid separation system and liquid obtained by the gas purification system.
The pretreatment system comprises waste liquid filtering equipment and halogen and sulfur element adsorption equipment; the preheating system comprises a heat exchanger and a pump; the gas-liquid separation system comprises gas-liquid separation cooling equipment; the gas purification system comprises a combined gas purification device; the wastewater treatment system comprises a wastewater purification device, a pump and a fan.
The thermal cracking reaction system comprises a thermal cracking reactor, a burner and a fan; the thermal cracking reactor comprises a feeding distributor, a reaction shell and a heat supply shell; the preheating system is communicated with an inlet of a reaction shell of the thermal cracking reactor, the feeding distributor is connected with the reaction shell, and the reaction shell is positioned in the heat supply shell and forms an annular sleeve with the heat supply shell.
The lower part of the heat supply shell is provided with a hot flue gas inlet, and the upper part of the heat supply shell is provided with a hot flue gas outlet.
A catalyst packing bed layer is arranged in the reaction shell, and the inner wall of the reaction shell is coated with a corrosion-resistant layer; the upper part of the reaction shell is provided with a raw material waste liquid inlet, two thermal cracking reaction gas outlets and the bottom of the reaction shell is provided with a sewage outlet; and a hand hole is formed in the side surface of the reaction shell.
The burner and the thermal cracking reactor are provided with a gas proportion regulating valve and temperature monitoring and controlling equipment.
The flue gas purification system comprises an acid gas removal device.
A thermal cracking treatment method of high-concentration COD organic waste liquid comprises the following steps:
step 1, organic waste liquid enters a pretreatment system from a waste liquid storage tank, and large-particle solid and S, F, Cl element toxic to a catalyst in the organic waste liquid are removed through waste liquid filtering equipment and halogen and sulfur element adsorption equipment;
step 2, the pretreated organic waste liquid enters a preheating system, the pressure is increased to 0.3 MPa-0.4 MPa through a pump, the organic waste liquid enters a heat exchanger of the preheating system, the pretreated organic waste liquid is preheated to 90-120 ℃, and the preheated organic waste liquid enters a reaction shell of a thermal cracking reactor;
step 3, keeping the thermal cracking reaction temperature in the reaction shell at 550-850 ℃, thermally cracking the organic waste liquid under the action of a catalyst to generate high-temperature mixed gas of steam and organic volatile components, and enabling the high-temperature mixed gas to enter a gas-liquid separation system;
step 4, the high-temperature mixed gas passes through a gas-liquid separation system and a gas purification system to obtain H2And CO mixed gas, said H2Part of mixed gas of the mixed gas and CO enters the thermal cracking reaction systemThe system combustor is used as fuel gas, and part of mixed gas supplies heat to the outside; and the liquid obtained by the gas-liquid separation system and the liquid obtained by the gas purification system are treated by the wastewater treatment system and then discharged after reaching the standard.
The COD concentration of the organic waste liquid raw material is 200000 mg/L-400000 mg/L.
In the step 3, in the initial stage, natural gas and air are provided for the combustor for stably combusting and supplying heat for the thermal cracking reactor, and after cracking gas is generated, the cracking gas is used for replacing the natural gas; the natural gas or the pyrolysis gas in the burner and hot flue gas generated by the combustion of the air enter a heat supply shell of the thermal cracking reactor from a pipeline to supply heat for the thermal cracking reactor, and the thermal cracking reaction temperature is controlled by controlling the air input of the natural gas or the pyrolysis gas; the flue gas after heat supply is blown out from a hot flue gas outlet of a heat supply shell of the thermal cracking reactor and enters a preheating system through a pipeline to be used as a heat source of the preheating system, and the flue gas after being cooled by the preheating system enters a flue gas purification system to be cooled and purified and then is discharged after reaching the standard.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the system and the method are suitable for treating organic waste liquid with COD concentration of 200000 mg/L-400000 mg/L generated in various production fields, and the treatment method has the following advantages:
1) the organic waste liquid can be directly fed without dilution or concentration, and complex pretreatment processes such as biological treatment and the like are not needed.
2) The byproduct gas generated in the waste liquid treatment process has higher heat value, can be used as fuel gas of thermal cracking reaction or used for power generation and the like, realizes resource treatment, and is beneficial to saving energy.
3) The pyrolysis does not generate harmful substances such as acid gas, dioxin and the like, the tail gas treatment cost is reduced, no secondary pollution is generated in the treatment process, and the waste gas and the waste water can be discharged after reaching the standard.
4) The organic waste liquid raw material is preheated before cracking, so that the waste heat of hot flue gas can be effectively utilized, the reaction efficiency of the thermal cracking reactor is improved, and the consumption of fuel gas is reduced.
Drawings
The invention has the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the thermal cracking treatment system for high concentration COD organic waste liquid according to the present invention comprises a waste liquid storage tank, a pretreatment system, a preheating system, a thermal cracking reaction system, a gas-liquid separation system, a gas purification system, a flue gas purification system and a wastewater treatment system.
The waste liquid storage tank is connected with the pretreatment system, the pretreatment system is connected with a preheating system, and the preheating system is respectively connected with the thermal cracking reaction system and the flue gas purification system; the thermal cracking reaction system is respectively connected with a gas-liquid separation system and a gas purification system, and the gas-liquid separation system is respectively connected with the gas purification system and a wastewater treatment system; the gas purification system is connected with the wastewater treatment system;
the waste liquid storage tank is used for storing organic waste liquid; the pretreatment system is used for removing large-particle solids and S, F, Cl elements which are toxic to the catalyst in the organic waste liquid; the preheating system is used for preheating the organic waste liquid entering the preheating system; the thermal cracking reaction system is used for thermally cracking the preheated organic waste liquid to generate high-temperature mixed gas of steam and organic volatile components; the gas-liquid separation system is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on the high-temperature mixed gas; the gas purification system is used for purifying gas obtained after gas-liquid separation; the flue gas purification system is used for purifying the flue gas discharged by the preheating system; the wastewater treatment system is used for treating liquid obtained by the gas-liquid separation system and liquid obtained by the gas purification system.
The pretreatment system comprises waste liquid filtering equipment and halogen and sulfur element adsorption equipment.
The preheating system comprises a heat exchanger and a pump.
The thermal cracking reaction system comprises a thermal cracking reactor, a burner and a fan.
The gas-liquid separation system comprises a gas-liquid separation cooling device.
The gas purification system includes a combined gas purification apparatus.
The wastewater treatment system comprises a wastewater purification device, a pump and a fan.
The thermal cracking reactor includes a feed distributor, a reaction shell, and a heat supply shell. The preheating system is communicated with an inlet of a reaction shell of the thermal cracking reactor, the feeding distributor is connected with the reaction shell, and the reaction shell is positioned in the heat supply shell and forms an annular sleeve with the heat supply shell. And the heat supply shell is provided with an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel which are communicated with the combustor.
And a catalyst packing bed layer is arranged in the reaction shell. The inner wall of the reaction shell is coated with the corrosion-resistant layer, if the feeding waste liquid contains halogen or sulfur, the feeding waste liquid has corrosion to the inner wall of the reaction shell, and the corrosion-resistant layer is added in the reaction shell, so that the service life of the equipment is prolonged.
The upper part of the reaction shell is provided with a raw material waste liquid inlet, two thermal cracking reaction gas outlets and a sewage outlet at the bottom.
The lower part of the heat supply shell is provided with a hot flue gas inlet, and the upper part of the heat supply shell is provided with a hot flue gas outlet.
The burner and the thermal cracking reactor are provided with a gas proportion regulating valve and temperature monitoring and controlling equipment.
And a hand hole is formed in the side surface of the reaction shell.
The flue gas purification system comprises an acid gas removal device.
The COD concentration of the organic waste liquid raw material is 200000 mg/L-400000 mg/L.
The invention also discloses a thermal cracking treatment method of the high-concentration COD organic waste liquid, which comprises the following steps:
organic waste liquid enters a pretreatment system from a waste liquid storage tank, and large granular solids and elements such as S, F, Cl which are toxic to a catalyst in the organic waste liquid are removed through waste liquid filtering equipment and halogen and sulfur element adsorption equipment;
the organic waste liquid enters a preheating system after being treated by a pretreatment system, the pressure is increased to 0.3-0.4 MPa by a pump, the organic waste liquid enters a heat exchanger of the preheating system, hot flue gas of the thermal cracking reactor is used as a heat source of the heat exchanger, the organic waste liquid in the preheating system is preheated to 90-120 ℃, and the preheated organic waste liquid enters a reaction shell of the thermal cracking reactor;
in the initial stage of combustion, natural gas and air are provided for a combustor and used for stably combusting to supply heat for a thermal cracking reactor, and after cracking gas is generated, the cracking gas is used for replacing the natural gas; the natural gas or the pyrolysis gas in the burner and hot flue gas generated by the combustion of the air enter a heat supply shell of the thermal cracking reactor from a pipeline to supply heat to the thermal cracking reactor, and the thermal cracking reaction temperature is kept between 550 and 850 ℃ by controlling the air input of the natural gas or the pyrolysis gas;
the feeding distributor uniformly distributes the waste liquid preheated by the preheating system in the reaction shell, hot flue gas generated by the burner is introduced into an air inlet channel of the heat supply shell through a hot flue gas inlet and is used for supplying heat for thermal cracking reaction, the organic waste liquid is thermally cracked under the action of a catalyst to generate high-temperature mixed gas of steam and organic volatile components, and the high-temperature mixed gas enters the gas-liquid separation system;
after the high-temperature mixed gas is subjected to gas-liquid separation and gas purification, the obtained gas is mainly H2And a small amount of CO, wherein part of the gas enters a burner of the thermal cracking reaction system to be used as fuel gas, and part of the gas supplies heat to the outside (for a boiler or power generation) and can be used for generating economic benefits. And liquid obtained by the gas-liquid separation system and liquid obtained by the gas purification system are treated by the wastewater treatment system and discharged after reaching the standard.
The hot flue gas and the waste liquid are in counter flow, and the flue gas after heat supply is blown out from a hot flue gas outlet of a heat supply shell of the thermal cracking reactor and enters a preheating system through a pipeline to supply heat for the preheating system; and the flue gas cooled by the preheating system enters a flue gas purification system for cooling and purification treatment, and then is discharged after reaching the standard.
The invention provides a system and a method for directly and efficiently treating high COD concentration organic waste liquid as a resource, belonging to the innovative technology in the field; especially, the thermal cracking reactor is used as the equipment for treating the organic waste liquid, which is the core innovation of the technical proposal in the field.
The invention relates to a resourceful treatment scheme of organic waste liquid with high COD concentration, which relates to the following control parameters in the implementation process:
1) the waste liquid after being treated by the pretreatment system meets the following conditions:
(1) f, S, Cl to 10000ppm or less;
(2) the total content of sodium, potassium and phosphorus elements is reduced to not more than 5000 ppm;
(3) no heavy metal ion;
(4) the water is free of solid impurities and water-insoluble organic solvents.
2) Preheating the organic waste liquid entering the thermal cracking reactor to 90-120 ℃ and the pressure of 0.3-0.4 MPa;
3) the reaction temperature of the thermal cracking reactor is controlled between 550 ℃ and 850 ℃;
the above embodiments are merely illustrative, and not restrictive, and those skilled in the relevant art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and therefore all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the invention.
Those not described in detail in this specification are within the skill of the art.
Claims (10)
1. A thermal cracking treatment system for high-concentration COD organic waste liquid is characterized by comprising a waste liquid storage tank, a pretreatment system, a preheating system, a thermal cracking reaction system, a gas-liquid separation system, a gas purification system, a flue gas purification system and a wastewater treatment system; the waste liquid storage tank is connected with the pretreatment system, the pretreatment system is connected with a preheating system, and the preheating system is respectively connected with the thermal cracking reaction system and the flue gas purification system; the thermal cracking reaction system is respectively connected with a gas-liquid separation system and a gas purification system, and the gas-liquid separation system is respectively connected with the gas purification system and a wastewater treatment system; the gas purification system is connected with the wastewater treatment system;
the waste liquid storage tank is used for storing organic waste liquid; the pretreatment system is used for removing large-particle solids and S, F, Cl elements which are toxic to the catalyst in the organic waste liquid; the preheating system is used for preheating the organic waste liquid entering the preheating system; the thermal cracking reaction system is used for thermally cracking the preheated organic waste liquid to generate high-temperature mixed gas of steam and organic volatile components; the gas-liquid separation system is used for carrying out gas-liquid separation on the high-temperature mixed gas; the gas purification system is used for purifying gas obtained after gas-liquid separation; the flue gas purification system is used for purifying the flue gas discharged by the preheating system; the wastewater treatment system is used for treating liquid obtained by the gas-liquid separation system and liquid obtained by the gas purification system.
2. The thermal cracking treatment system for high concentration COD organic waste liquid according to claim 1, wherein: the pretreatment system comprises waste liquid filtering equipment and halogen and sulfur element adsorption equipment; the preheating system comprises a heat exchanger and a pump; the gas-liquid separation system comprises gas-liquid separation cooling equipment; the gas purification system comprises a combined gas purification device; the wastewater treatment system comprises a wastewater purification device, a pump and a fan.
3. The thermal cracking treatment system for high concentration COD organic waste liquid according to claim 1, wherein: the thermal cracking reaction system comprises a thermal cracking reactor, a burner and a fan; the thermal cracking reactor comprises a feeding distributor, a reaction shell and a heat supply shell; the preheating system is communicated with an inlet of a reaction shell of the thermal cracking reactor, the feeding distributor is connected with the reaction shell, and the reaction shell is positioned in the heat supply shell and forms an annular sleeve with the heat supply shell.
4. The thermal cracking treatment system for high concentration COD organic waste liquid according to claim 3, characterized in that: the lower part of the heat supply shell is provided with a hot flue gas inlet, and the upper part of the heat supply shell is provided with a hot flue gas outlet.
5. The thermal cracking treatment system for high concentration COD organic waste liquid according to claim 3, characterized in that: a catalyst packing bed layer is arranged in the reaction shell, and the inner wall of the reaction shell is coated with a corrosion-resistant layer; the upper part of the reaction shell is provided with a raw material waste liquid inlet, two thermal cracking reaction gas outlets and the bottom of the reaction shell is provided with a sewage outlet; and a hand hole is formed in the side surface of the reaction shell.
6. The thermal cracking treatment system for high concentration COD organic waste liquid according to claim 3, characterized in that: the burner and the thermal cracking reactor are provided with a gas proportion regulating valve and temperature monitoring and controlling equipment.
7. The thermal cracking treatment system for high concentration COD organic waste liquid according to claim 1, wherein: the flue gas purification system comprises an acid gas removal device.
8. A thermal cracking treatment method of high concentration COD organic waste liquid, which applies the thermal cracking treatment system of any one of claims 1 to 7, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, organic waste liquid enters a pretreatment system from a waste liquid storage tank, and large-particle solid and S, F, Cl element toxic to a catalyst in the organic waste liquid are removed through waste liquid filtering equipment and halogen and sulfur element adsorption equipment;
step 2, the pretreated organic waste liquid enters a preheating system, the pressure is increased to 0.3 MPa-0.4 MPa through a pump, the organic waste liquid enters a heat exchanger of the preheating system, the pretreated organic waste liquid is preheated to 90-120 ℃, and the preheated organic waste liquid enters a reaction shell of a thermal cracking reactor;
step 3, keeping the thermal cracking reaction temperature in the reaction shell at 550-850 ℃, thermally cracking the organic waste liquid under the action of a catalyst to generate high-temperature mixed gas of steam and organic volatile components, and enabling the high-temperature mixed gas to enter a gas-liquid separation system;
step 4, the high-temperature mixed gas passes through a gas-liquid separation system and a gas purification system to obtain H2And CO mixed gas, said H2Part of mixed gas of the CO mixed gas enters a burner of the thermal cracking reaction system to be used as fuel gas, and part of the mixed gas supplies heat to the outside; and the liquid obtained by the gas-liquid separation system and the liquid obtained by the gas purification system are treated by the wastewater treatment system and then discharged after reaching the standard.
9. The thermal cracking treatment method of high concentration COD organic waste liquid according to claim 8, wherein the COD concentration of the organic waste liquid raw material is 200000 mg/L-400000 mg/L.
10. The thermal cracking treatment method of high concentration COD organic waste liquid according to claim 8, characterized in that: in the step 3, in the initial stage, natural gas and air are provided for the combustor for stably combusting and supplying heat for the thermal cracking reactor, and after cracking gas is generated, the cracking gas is used for replacing the natural gas; the natural gas or the pyrolysis gas in the burner and hot flue gas generated by the combustion of the air enter a heat supply shell of the thermal cracking reactor from a pipeline to supply heat for the thermal cracking reactor, and the thermal cracking reaction temperature is controlled by controlling the air input of the natural gas or the pyrolysis gas; the flue gas after heat supply is blown out from a hot flue gas outlet of a heat supply shell of the thermal cracking reactor and enters a preheating system through a pipeline to be used as a heat source of the preheating system, and the flue gas after being cooled by the preheating system enters a flue gas purification system to be cooled and purified and then is discharged after reaching the standard.
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| CN202010254759.8A CN111453793A (en) | 2020-04-02 | 2020-04-02 | Thermal cracking treatment system and method for high-concentration COD organic waste liquid |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113154395A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-23 | 四川零域环保科技有限公司 | COD removing system for waste water cracking and burning |
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| CN113154395A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-23 | 四川零域环保科技有限公司 | COD removing system for waste water cracking and burning |
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