CN111453789A - Seawater pond green alga prevention and control method constructed based on physical shading layer - Google Patents
Seawater pond green alga prevention and control method constructed based on physical shading layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN111453789A CN111453789A CN202010270886.7A CN202010270886A CN111453789A CN 111453789 A CN111453789 A CN 111453789A CN 202010270886 A CN202010270886 A CN 202010270886A CN 111453789 A CN111453789 A CN 111453789A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/008—Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- Cultivation Of Seaweed (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a seawater pond green alga prevention and control method constructed based on a physical shading layer. According to the characteristics of the life history of the pond green algae, a physical shading layer with a black shading net as a matrix is constructed on the lower layer of a water body in the larval stage of the pond green algae, and the vigorous development of the sea water pond green algae is prevented and controlled by blocking the supply of light energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for controlling flourishing of green algae in a pond by laying a physical shading layer and blocking light energy supply.
Background
The seawater pond culture is a culture mode of precious marine products (such as prawns, sea cucumbers, hard shell clams, weever and the like) widely adopted in coastal areas of China. Due to shallow water depth, high transparency and rich nutrition, some green algae (mainly ulva, cladophora and rhizobia) frequently thrive. The green algae bloom causes the water body to be over saturated with dissolved oxygen or unstable in solubility on one hand, and on the other hand, the green algae rot in the high-temperature period in summer, which causes the water quality at the bottom of the pond to be deteriorated and causes serious threat to the cultivated organisms, so the problem of the green algae is a big problem which troubles the seawater pond cultivation.
At present, the green algae treatment in the pond mainly adopts two modes of physical salvage and chemical killing. The former adopts tools such as a rake and the like, salvages are carried out manually or mechanically, the efficiency is low, and the salvage cost is high; the latter is killed by applying agricultural herbicide (such as prometryn, etc.), and despite high efficiency, the drug residue concentration is high and long, which affects food safety. The invention discloses a sea cucumber pond moss prevention and control method (application number: 201811063461.8) based on seaweed floating bed construction, which discloses that an artificial seaweed floating bed is paved on the surface of a water body to inhibit the growth of green algae at the bottom of a pond in a light energy blocking and nutrient absorption mode, but the construction of the seaweed floating bed in the method has higher requirements on the screening and seedling raising technology of engineering algae and is not beneficial to popularization.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to establish a simple, efficient and pollution-free physical prevention and control technology, and realize the control of the vigorous development of the green algae in the pond based on the construction of the physical shading layer at the bottom of the pond.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: according to the seawater (aquaculture) pond green alga prevention and control method based on the physical shading layer, the physical shading layer is laid on the lower layer of the water body in the early stage of the life history of the pond green alga (with a large demand on light intensity), so that the light energy supply is blocked, the growth of the pond green alga is inhibited, and the vigorous growth of the pond green alga is controlled.
Further, the physical shading layer is a shading device formed by fixing a shading net on a shading raft frame, and the shading raft frame can be formed by a peg or anchor, a floating boom, a support rod and a pendant stone in combination.
Further, the shading frame comprises a plurality of supporting rods, the supporting rods are connected through a floating boom, two ends of each supporting rod in the floating boom connection are provided with floats I, the floats are connected with pendants, and the supporting rods at the two ends of the shading frame are connected with a boom tractor hanger or an anchor; and a floating float II is arranged at the joint of the floating boom and the peg.
Furthermore, the sunshade net is black and made of polyethylene, and the sunshade rate is more than 85%.
Furthermore, the size of the single sunshade net is 2-4 meters wide and 10-50 meters long.
Further, the boom rope (the floating rope or the boom rope) has a diameter of 1-1.5 cm.
Furthermore, the support rod is made of polyethylene, and the length of the support rod is 1.2-1.3 times of the width of the sunshade net.
Further, the buoy I is a foam buoy, and the diameter of the buoy I is 10 cm.
Further, the buoy II is a foam or plastic buoy, and the diameter of the buoy II is 15-30 cm.
Further, the shading frame is suspended at a position 20-40cm away from the bottom layer of the water body.
Further, the method for laying the physical shading layer (shading raft frame) in the pond comprises the following steps: the anchors or the peg-pegs at the two ends of the shading frame are fixed firstly, and are connected and tensioned with the reeds at the two ends by floating ropes, and the joints are respectively provided with a floating float II; the two floating ropes are fixedly provided with support rods, and two ends of each support rod are provided with floats I; the sunshade net is bound on the floating boom and is positioned below the supporting rod; the supporting rods are tied with falling stones. It may specifically be: the anchors or the pegs at the two ends of the shading frame are fixed firstly, the distance between each anchor or peg at each end is 1.5-2 times of the width of the shading net, the boom length is 2-4 times of the depth of water, the boom is connected with the booms at the two ends and tensioned, and the joints are respectively a foam float with the diameter of 15-30 cm. And the two floating ropes are fixed with support rods at intervals of 5-10 meters, and foam or plastic floats with the diameter of 10cm are arranged at the two ends of each support rod. The sunshade net is bound on the floating ropes and is positioned below the supporting rods. And (4) tying down stones on the support rods, and adjusting the weight or the number of the down stones to enable the shading raft frame to be suspended at a position 20-40cm away from the bottom layer of the water body.
Further, the shade raft frames may be combined according to the distribution area of green algae, such as transverse combination, specifically may be: the support rods among different shading raft frames are connected and combined through the connecting ropes.
Furthermore, the shading raft frames are laid for the young stage of the green algae in the pond, 3-4 in the middle of the ten days in the north of the Yangtze river and 1-2 months in the south of the Yangtze river.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the characteristic that pond green alga larvae have high requirements on light intensity, the physical shading layer is laid above the green alga distribution area, and the control on the growth and population expansion of green algae is realized through light energy supply inhibition. In addition, the laying of light shield layer in water lower floor can hold back partial incomplete bait on the one hand, avoids sinking the bottom of the pool and corrupts quality of water, and on the other hand light shield layer forms a temperature barrier layer at the bottom of the pool, reduces the temperature at the bottom of the pool in summer high temperature period, is favorable to breeding organisms such as sea cucumber, shellfish to spend high temperature stress period. The method is simple, efficient and low in cost, can effectively inhibit the outbreak of the pond green algae, overcomes the problems of more labor, high cost, low efficiency, secondary pollution and the like of the traditional method, is easy to obtain materials, and is suitable for popularization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the layout of a physical shading device.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the combining manner of the shade rafts.
In the figure: 1. the cursory II, 2, the cursory I, 3, the plummet, 4, the anchor, 5, the sunshade net, 6, the connecting rope, 7, the boom, 8, the support rod, 9 and the cursory.
Detailed Description
The following non-limiting examples will allow one of ordinary skill in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the physical shading layer constructed in the sea cucumber aquaculture pond in the skin mouth area of Liaoning is used as a material for inhibiting the outbreak of green algae, and the invention is further described in detail. The species of green algae in the sea cucumber aquaculture pond in the Liaoning picnic area mainly include enteromorpha, Enteromorpha compressa and Enteromorpha intestinalis.
1. The matrix used by the shading raft frame is a shading net made of black and polyethylene materials, and the shading rate is 95 percent.
2. Laying a physical shading layer in the sea cucumber pond: 3 in the middle and last ten days of the month, in a sea cucumber pondLaying shading raft frames in the reef area where green algae grow, wherein the coverage area of each shading raft frame is 50 x 2 m2One shading raft frame covers one sea reef, each shading raft frame is provided with 5 pieces of shading nets 5, and the size of each piece of shading net 5 is 10 x 2 m2And 5 sunshade nets 5 are spliced in the length direction and cover the rectangular frame formed by the floating ropes 8 and the supporting rods 8 of the sunshade raft frame. The specific method comprises the following steps: anchors are arranged at two ends of the reef, the distance between the anchors 4 is 3 meters (which is 1.5 times of the width of the sunshade net 5), the top ends of the anchors 4 are tied with a boom 6, each boom 6 is 4 meters (which is 4 times of the depth), and the boom 8 (which is 50 meters) and the boom 6 are connected and tensioned, and the joints are respectively a spherical foam float II 1 with the diameter of 20 cm. And polyethylene support rods 8 are fixed on the two floating ropes every 10 meters, and spherical foam floats I2 with the diameter of 10cm are tied on the support rods 8. The sunshade net 5 is tied on the floating ropes 9 and positioned below the supporting rods 8, the sunshield net 5 is tied with the falling stones 3 on the supporting rods 8, and the weight of the falling stones 3 is adjusted to enable the sunshade raft to suspend at a position about 40cm away from the bottom layer of the water body.
3. When the shading layer is laid for 2 months, the floating ropes 9 and the shading net 5 are partially distributed with green algae, the shading raft frame is lifted to the surface of the pond, the foam tank is filled under the shading net 5, the shading net 5 and the boom ropes (boom 6 and floating ropes 9) are separated from the water surface, and the shading raft frame is reset after being exposed for 1-2 hours in the sun to die the green algae. Within 5 months of the light shielding layer, no adult green algae are found on the covered reef, and the green algae in the control area are densely distributed.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the invention is further described in detail by taking a physical shading layer constructed in the prawn culture pond in the Lucisn Liaoning area to inhibit the green alga outbreak as a material. The green algae in the prawn culture pond in the Liaoning Lushun area mainly comprise cladophora, Enteromorpha prolifera and chaetomorpha.
1. The matrix used by the shading raft frame is a shading net made of black and polyethylene materials, and the shading rate is 95 percent.
2. Laying a physical shading layer in a prawn pond: in the middle and late ten days of 3 months, a shading raft frame is laid in the green algae distribution area in the prawn pond along the pond water inlet direction, and the coverage area of the single shading raft frame is 802 meters2The single shading raft frame is provided with 5 shading nets 5, the 5 shading nets 5 are spliced in the length direction, and are covered on a rectangular frame formed by the floating ropes 8 and the supporting rods 8 of the shading raft frame, and 7 shading rafts are combined together in a manner that adjacent shading raft frames (2 shading rafts) shown in fig. 2 are spliced through the connecting ropes 6 between the supporting rods 8. The specific method comprises the following steps: firstly, 8 anchors 4 are continuously arranged at two ends of the green algae distribution area along a straight line, the distance between the anchors 4 is 3 meters, as shown in fig. 2, when 7 shading rafts are combined, one anchor 4 is shared by the shading rafts inside the shading raft combination, the top end of the shared anchor 4 is connected with two boom 6, the anchors 4 on two sides outside the shading raft combination are connected with only one boom 6, and each boom 6 is 4 meters (4 times of depth). The boom 9 (80 meters in length) and the boom 6 are connected and tensioned, and a spherical foam float II 1 having a diameter of 20cm is respectively arranged at the connection. And polyethylene support rods 8 are fixed on the two floating ropes 9 every 10 meters, and spherical foam floats I2 with the diameter of 10cm are tied on the support rods 8. The adjacent shading raft frames are spliced together at the fixing positions of the support rods 8 by the connecting ropes 6. The sunshade net 5 is tied on the floating boom 9 and positioned below the support rod 8. The supporting rods 8 are tied with the falling stones 3, and the weight of the falling stones 3 is adjusted to enable the shading raft frame to be suspended at a position which is about 30cm away from the bottom layer of the water body.
3. In the period of more than 6 months after the light shielding layer is laid, no green algae adult is seen in the coverage area, and the green algae in the control area are already densely distributed. In addition, the area where the light shielding layer is located is used as a feeding area, so that the bait is fully fed, and only a small amount of residual bait is gathered on the upper surface of the light shielding layer, so that the water quality of the bottom layer is protected.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that many changes and modifications can be made, or equivalents modified, in the embodiments of the invention without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention, unless the contents of the technical solution of the present invention are departed.
Claims (9)
1. The seawater pond green alga prevention and control method based on the physical shading layer is characterized in that the physical shading layer is laid on the lower layer of a water body where green algae inhabit in a pond at the larval stage of the green algae to inhibit the flourishing of the green algae at the bottom of the pond.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the physical shading layer is formed by affixing a shading net to a shading raft.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the shading raft frame comprises a plurality of support rods which are connected by a floating boom, wherein two ends of each support rod of the floating boom are provided with floats I which are connected with pendants, and the support rods at the two ends of the shading raft frame are connected with the boom tractor pegs or anchors; and a floating float II is arranged at the joint of the floating boom and the peg.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the sunshade net is black and has a sunshade ratio of 85% or more.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the length of the support rod is 1.2-1.3 times the width of the shade net.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein the shading rafts are suspended 20-40cm from the bottom of the body of water.
7. A method as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein the physical light screening layer is applied to the pond by: firstly, anchors or pegs at two ends of the shading raft frame are fixed, and the anchors or pegs are connected with and tensioned with floating ropes at the two ends, and the joints are respectively provided with a floating float II; the two floating ropes are fixedly provided with support rods, and two ends of each support rod are provided with floats I; the sunshade net is bound on the floating boom and is positioned below the supporting rod; the supporting rods are tied with falling stones.
8. A method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the shading shelves are combinable.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the physical light-shielding layer is applied for a period of time ranging from 3-4 months in the north of the Yangtze river to 1-2 months in the south of the Yangtze river.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010270886.7A CN111453789A (en) | 2020-04-08 | 2020-04-08 | Seawater pond green alga prevention and control method constructed based on physical shading layer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010270886.7A CN111453789A (en) | 2020-04-08 | 2020-04-08 | Seawater pond green alga prevention and control method constructed based on physical shading layer |
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| CN111453789A true CN111453789A (en) | 2020-07-28 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112028143A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-04 | 江南大学 | Method for treating cyanobacterial bloom by using black membrane and surge pump disturbance |
Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4005546A (en) * | 1975-07-21 | 1977-02-01 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Method of waste treatment and algae recovery |
| CN1736886A (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2006-02-22 | 黄大琴 | Method for improving water quality and transparency of lake or pool |
| CN2797446Y (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2006-07-19 | 黄大琴 | Structural layer for use in water of lake or pool |
| CN102106304A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-06-29 | 杜荣斌 | Stichopus japonicus culture pond capable of effectively controlling light and temperature, and preventing and controlling foreign algae and culturing method |
| CN202246268U (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-05-30 | 夏青 | Self ecological sand and grass bioisland |
| TWM498459U (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2015-04-11 | Chyi-How Lay | Light-shielding algae control device |
-
2020
- 2020-04-08 CN CN202010270886.7A patent/CN111453789A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4005546A (en) * | 1975-07-21 | 1977-02-01 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Method of waste treatment and algae recovery |
| CN1736886A (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2006-02-22 | 黄大琴 | Method for improving water quality and transparency of lake or pool |
| CN2797446Y (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2006-07-19 | 黄大琴 | Structural layer for use in water of lake or pool |
| CN102106304A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-06-29 | 杜荣斌 | Stichopus japonicus culture pond capable of effectively controlling light and temperature, and preventing and controlling foreign algae and culturing method |
| CN202246268U (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-05-30 | 夏青 | Self ecological sand and grass bioisland |
| TWM498459U (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2015-04-11 | Chyi-How Lay | Light-shielding algae control device |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112028143A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-12-04 | 江南大学 | Method for treating cyanobacterial bloom by using black membrane and surge pump disturbance |
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Application publication date: 20200728 |